sample functional resume for it professional

Functional Resume Examples and Templates for 2024

• Resume Examples

How To Write a Functional Resume

• Resume Text Examples

A functional resume prioritizes skills, training, and education instead of work experience. The logic behind this approach is that job seekers who lack hands-on industry experience can instead draw attention to relevant skill sets and qualifications. While you might initially want to discard work experience that is largely unrelated to the career you’re targeting, you also eliminate the opportunity to highlight transferable skill sets from your previous jobs.

The reverse chronological resume format is widely accepted as the industry standard because it enables you to create compelling bullet points that effectively showcase your professional journey. This format also ensures that your most recent and relevant experience is featured at the top of your document, which is important for hiring managers. Throughout this guide, we’ll compare and contrast functional resumes and reverse chronological resumes to help you make an informed decision as you begin building your document.

• Entry-Level
• Senior-Level

1. Craft an outstanding profile with a summary of your functional qualifications

On a functional resume, your professional profile should only focus on relevant skills. While concision has benefits, the drawback is that you won’t make a lasting impression on the hiring manager. This approach tends to read very generically, which won’t help you stand out during the hiring process. In addition, it’s possible to showcase your skills and qualifications while providing a compelling snapshot of your career experience. Notice how the first example lists a number of relevant skills but fails to tell the job seeker’s story.

Functional Resume Profile Example

Skilled nursing professional with advanced knowledge of acute care, clinical workflows, pediatric care, and team collaboration. Developed a strong understanding of infection prevention protocols, EHR, and HIPAA.

Reverse Chronological Profile Example

A nursing professional with seven years of experience delivering high-quality healthcare services in acute care environments. A proven track record of delivering empathetic and compassionate treatment to diverse patient populations.

2. Showcase your functional experience

Due to the nature of the functional resume format, it isn’t easy to showcase your career achievements in the professional experience section. The emphasis is instead placed entirely on your skills. Although this approach might seem usable for a recent graduate, there are drawbacks even in this situation. For instance, showcasing academic projects and volunteerism in detail is often a stronger way to grab the hiring manager’s attention. Even a job in retail that doesn’t match your current goals can be leveraged to showcase your communication and team leadership skills.

Functional Resume Professional Experience Example

Digital Marketing Manager, Radiant Software Corp., San Francisco, CA October 2016 – Present

• Utilize advanced knowledge of marketing strategy, email campaigns, SEO marketing, and A/B testing to support campaigns
• Strong understanding of digital marketing and advertising strategies
• Experience working in paid search, display, and programmatic marketing channels

Reverse Chronological Professional Experience Example

• Lead digital marketing campaigns across paid search, display, and programmatic marketing channels for a software company, resulting in a 20% increase in lead conversions and $2M in pipeline revenue
• Coordinate with the Director of Marketing to define digital advertising strategy for new products and services and enhance market penetration
• Improve web traffic by 400% over a two-year span and achieve open rates of 13% and click rates of 3.1% for email blasts

3. Outline your education and functional-related certifications

Formatting for education and certifications is primarily the same for both functional resumes and reverse chronological resumes. The key difference is that you’d likely place these sections above your work experience on a functional resume. While you can make a case for this approach in certain instances, it’s generally recommended to showcase your career accomplishments closer to the top of your document.

Certifications

• [Certification Name], [Awarding Organization], [Completion Year]
• Project Management Professional (PMP), PMI, 2015
• Certified Associate Project Manager, PMI, 2013
• [Degree Name]
• [School Name], [City, State Abbreviation] [Dates Enrolled]
• Bachelor of Science (B.S.) Digital Marketing
• UNIVERSITY OF SAN FRANCISCO, CA September 2007 – May 2011

4. Outline your most useful functional skills and proficiencies

Listing skills and keywords that align with the job description are important regardless of the resume format you select. The key difference is that a functional resume will always feature this section below the professional profile. There are certain instances where this makes sense, especially if you’re applying for a technology role. Hiring managers will always be more interested in how you’ve utilized these various skill sets throughout your career. Below, you’ll find a broad list of industry skills that you might encounter during the job search:

How to Pick the Best Functional Resume Template

In most cases, it’s best to choose a well-organized resume template that uses minimal color and graphics. This ensures that the hiring manager’s attention is focused on your career accomplishments and qualifications. Because the functional resume is only focused on highlighting skills, you can use a modern template that is more aesthetically focused. Remember that it’s your content, not your template, that ultimately determines whether or not you receive the job interview.

Functional Resume Text-Only Resume Templates and Examples

Now that you understand the differences between functional resumes and reverse chronological resumes, we’ll provide three examples to illustrate the end result of each approach. You’ll notice that the functional resume example does feature a variety of important skill sets, but the bullet points themselves don’t read proactively. In the two reverse chronological examples, the job seeker is able to paint a clear and compelling picture of your strongest career achievements.

• Functional Resume Example #1
• Functional Resume Example #2
• Functional Resume Example #3

Jessica Lang (123) 456-7890 [email protected] LinkedIn | Portfolio 123 Bedford Avenue, New York, NY 12345

Skilled Nursing Professional with advanced knowledge of acute care, clinical workflows, pediatric care, and team collaboration. Developed a strong understanding of infection prevention protocols, EHR, and HIPAA.

• Patient-Centered Care
• Communication
• Clinical Operations
• Medication Administration

Professional Experience

Licensed Vocational Nurse, St. Joseph’s Assisted Living, New York, NY November 2018 – Present

• Developed knowledge of acute care, patient education, and clinical operations while working in a fast-paced healthcare environment
• Acquired strong team collaboration and communication skills by working with patients and teams
• Advanced understanding of EHR, HIPAA, and patient intake protocols

Licensed Vocational Nurse, Fair Acres Retirement Community, New York, NY June 2016 – November 2018

• Obtained a strong knowledge of cardiac care and orthopedic care while working in a senior living facility
• Cultivated advanced understanding of patient-centered care standards
• Licensed Vocational Nurse (LVN), State of New York, License #123456

Bachelor of Science (B.S.) Nursing Columbia University, New York, NY September 2012 – June 2016

A Nursing Professional with seven years of experience delivering high-quality healthcare services in acute care environments. A proven track record of delivering empathetic and compassionate treatment to diverse patient populations.

• Coordinate with a team of 25+ doctors, nurses, and other health care and social work professionals to ensure a high quality of life for 75 residents
• Interface with residents to ensure compliance with medication, provide enrichment activities such as film, workshops, and events, and communicate with empathy and compassion to achieve a patient satisfaction rating of 91%
• Collect samples, prepare residents for treatments, educate patients on care plans
• Collaborated with medical teams and LPNs to treat patients undergoing cardiac care and rehabilitation and provide education on patient care
• Administered medications, IV therapy, and other treatments for patients in the cardiac emergency room, including surgical preparations

Selena Ramirez (123) 456-7890 [email protected] 123 Santa Maria, San Francisco, CA 12345

A Digital Marketing Manager with eight years of experience specializing in marketing strategy, email campaigns, SEO marketing, and A/B testing. A proven track record of building and leading dynamic marketing teams to execute digital campaigns for multi-million-dollar businesses.

Digital Marketing Manager, Bay Area Marketing Inc., San Francisco, CA May 2011 – October 2016

• Partnered with product marketing teams and the marketing director to establish a brand identity centered on integrity and transparency
• Collaborated with the data analytics team to build dashboards incorporating data from the CRM, Google, and social media accounts to enhance reporting

Bachelor of Science (B.S.) Digital Marketing University of San Francisco, CA September 2007 – May 2011

• Brand Marketing
• Search Engine Optimization (SEO)
• Lead Generation
• Digital Marketing Campaigns
• Social Media Marketing

Frequently Asked Questions: Functional Resume Examples and Advice

What are common action verbs for functional resumes -.

Action verbs are used in a limited capacity on functional resumes due to the lack of detail in the professional experience section. In most cases, you’d want to use verbs to open bullet points that describe different skill sets you’ve developed in your work experience. Below, you’ll find a list of action verbs you can use to accomplish this:

How do you align your resume with a job description? -

Aligning your document with the job description is essential to the resume-building process. As you review various job postings, you’ll want to incorporate as many keywords and skill sets as possible that match the role you’re applying for. One benefit of a functional resume format is that it does place relevant qualifications at the forefront of your document. The downside is that while this will ensure you pass the initial ATS scan , it doesn’t show hiring managers how you’ve used your industry knowledge to create value for your team and organization.

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If you choose a functional resume format, you should almost always include a cover letter to supplement your application. Because your document will lack a substantial description of your work history, you’ll need to use this opportunity to fill in the gaps for the hiring manager. You should also make a point to mention something about the organization and why its culture or reputation draws you to apply for the position.

Frank Hackett

Certified Professional Resume Writer (CPRW)

Frank Hackett is a professional resume writer and career consultant with over eight years of experience. As the lead editor at a boutique career consulting firm, Frank developed an innovative approach to resume writing that empowers job seekers to tell their professional stories. His approach involves creating accomplishment-driven documents that balance keyword optimization with personal branding. Frank is a Certified Professional Resume Writer (CPRW) with the Professional Association of Resume Writers and Career Coaches (PAWRCC).

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9 Information Technology (IT) Resume Examples for 2024

Best for senior and mid-level candidates

There’s plenty of room in our elegant resume template to add your professional experience while impressing recruiters with a sleek design.

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Like this template? Customize this resume and make it your own with the help of our Al-powered suggestions, accent colors, and modern fonts.

• IT Resumes by Experience
• IT Resumes by Role

Few businesses or organizations can do without an IT guru these days. As an IT professional, you could be providing support for a large company or a small start-up. 

No matter your preference, the opportunities are limitless, and whether you’re just starting or looking to move to the next level, you may feel overwhelmed with all the job choices and the best way to  build a resume and generate a cover letter .

We’ve researched countless IT resumes and asked what employers are looking for in 2024 to come up with  nine IT resume samples for you to use as a guide when  crafting your own resume . Plus, we have some tips to help you tailor your resume to the position you’re looking to land!

or download as PDF

Why this resume works

• Numbers (aka metrics) are the easiest way to quantify your abilities and show employers you made a significant contribution to your workplace.
• So although it’s a challenge, try to keep your  resume’s skills section  brief. We’d recommend listing only six to eight skills with most of them from the  job description .
• Of course, don’t falsify any information. You don’t need to have  every  skill from the job description, so don’t feel you have to lie just to get the job 

Professional IT Resume

• Think about past projects and roles that underscore your abilities, and quantify those actions with metrics.
• You might spend a little more time on your resume upfront, but trust us, you’ll thank yourself—and us later!
• Choosing a professional but creative style like one of our  free Google Docs resume templates  or  Word interactive resume samples  can set you apart from the competition; though we suggest avoiding cutesy fonts, too much color, and disorganized sections, you can instead try:
• Rearranging sections of your resume 
• Adding color to section headings, and 
• Increasing/decreasing margins and spacing to fill one page

Entry-Level IT Resume

• Your objective is an opportunity to tell employers a number of things in a few sentences:
• Explain how your previous experience (whether a relevant internship or even volunteering) has provided you with the background to adapt to the position at hand.
• Showcase your abilities and what you can offer—reiterate that you have the skills ( found in the job description) the employer is specifically seeking.
• Emphasize that your qualities, characteristics, and skills are aligned with the company’s overall mission. 
• Most importantly, though, expound on your responsibilities in each work experience bullet point, and highlight your indirect and direct impact in your previous positions, even if you don’t think they’re relevant. 

Experienced IT Project Manager Resume

• Most IT positions will require a bachelor’s, and project management definitely requires it! 
• Some employers prefer you have your PMP certificate, and others will require it. There are lots of other certs out there, too, so be sure you’re certified, or at least taking steps to complete certification in the areas your dream job requires.  
• We suggest weaving your skills throughout your work experience using bullet points for a powerful, easy-to-read snapshot of your impact. 
• Another winning tip is to pepper your bullet points with active verbs and plenty of metrics that demo your very best work while connecting your resume story together. 

IT Technician Resume

• While percentages have their place, don’t limit yourself to these alone; otherwise, your narration becomes too monotonous. Instead, spruce up things by weaving in other metrics. Notice how Jackson talks about saving issue resolution time by 11 hours, reducing password-related requests by 126, and so on.

IT Analyst Resume

• Perhaps you helped cut data management costs at one company or conjured up a substantial dollar amount of savings in IT equipment at a different company. Either case, it shows your capacity to save money on IT, which could positively impact the hiring organization’s bottom line.
• Bullet points like these also make great stories you can expound on in your IT cover letter .

Technical Support Specialist Resume

• For instance, highlight your software competencies, problem-solving skills, and customer-centric services in your technical support specialist resume .

IT Specialist Resume

• Your IT specialist resume should underline your troubleshooting, system infrastructure, and performance optimization skills.

IT Director Resume

• List your work history in reverse-chronological order (your most recent work experience at the top of your resume).
• Demonstrate increased responsibility, supervisory roles, and impressive metrics as you move from your oldest to your most recent position. 
• Start each bullet point with an active, power verb like “directed” or “upgraded” rather than vague verbs like “assisted” or “helped.” Not only will this method reduce unnecessary words, but most importantly, it demonstrates your initiative, which is exactly what IT hiring personnel want to see. 

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Functional resume format: Examples, tips, & free templates

Sections to include on your functional resume

Choosing the right format is one of the first and most important decisions you have to make when writing a resume . This guide will discuss the nuances of the functional format and the circumstances for using it. We'll also provide you with adaptable examples and plenty of other resources to help you choose the right type of resume.

A functional resume focuses on your skills and talents. It shows the reader how you can contribute to their organizational objectives from day one. It also helps to mask any issues with your employment history which a chronological resume may expose, such as limited experience or job gaps. We will discuss the pros and cons.

This guide will help you to confirm that a functional resume is the best choice for you, by teaching you the following:

• Introduce the functional resume as an option
• Show you how to create a layout for this type of resume
• What information to include in a functional resume
• How to organize each section

Why do many recruiters hate functional resumes? While a functional resume will be suitable for certain job seekers, as we will explore, we cannot escape the fact that recruiters dislike them. Functional resumes make it hard to understand when you accomplished specific things, there is little opportunity to understand the context of accomplishments and they automatically assume that the applicant is hiding something. If you have any career of note (3+ years) - think very carefully whether you want a recruiter to be feeling this way.

The functional resume: An introduction

The functional resume format is applicable for individuals with a great deal of education and training and/or a strong set of job-related skills. This includes new graduates or experienced workers transferring to a new industry where their skills and education will apply. It is also good for people who have worked for a limited number of organizations and whose skills are more important than the employers they have worked for.

A functional resume highlights your skills and talents and how they relate to the job you’re applying for. Often, the skills you have are the same ones described in the job posting. This type of resume is best for people working in technical or skill-based professions, or who are transitioning into a new career .

There are 3 common resume formats: chronological, functional, and a combination. Here's how to choose the right one for you.

My career path hasn't been smooth. Should I hide it with a functional resume? Being open and honest about your career is the only choice. If you attempt to hide job hopping and career gaps with a functional resume, you guarantee an awkward barrage of probing questions in an interview (where you will have to tell the truth). Career gaps happen, mistakes happen and people get fired for no reason. Interviewers understand this - a bumpy career history doesn't mean that you won't do a fantastic job.

Format of a functional resume

The format of a functional resume is very specific. It is structured to enable recruiters to quickly determine your qualifications for the job and to encourage them to read the complete resume to learn more about you. An easy way to create your resume is to select a functional resume template which you can find online and simply insert your details into the appropriate sections, following the prompts provided by the functional resume template. However, you still need to know what the structure of a functional resume looks like.

The basic structure for a functional resume is:

• Name and contact information (email, phone and possibly the location, but never an address)
• Title – This should match the job title you are applying for
• Summary of applicable skills and any experience relevant to those listed in the job posting.
• Hard Skills – The emphasis is here. These are the skills directly related to the job
• Additional Skills – Soft skills which complement the job
• Education – Formal, vocational and subsequent training in specific skills (note – this may precede the Skills section if you are a recent graduate or have received recent training which would qualify you for the position)
• Experience – Brief listing of employers, dates, and title
• Industry related certifications
• Industry organizations
• Volunteer experience

Career change is a valid reason for a functional resume format. Having said that recruiters don't like functional resumes, when you are changing careers and wish to emphasize that you have the necessary skills to do your new job, a spotlight on functional skills and competencies is exactly what you need.

The basic content you include in your resume is similar for any resume format you choose to use. However, how it is organized and how much detail you provide for each section differs depending on the type of resume you are writing. Here are the content and organization recommendations for the functional resume .

Contact information

The resume starts with your contact information. This will allow the employer to reach out to you to invite you to an interview , which is the purpose of a resume. Your contact details should include:

• Phone number
• e-mail address
• LinkedIn profile URL

Each of these items could be at the top of each page of the resume so the employer will know whose resume they are reading. Your name should be slightly larger than your contact information. Your email address and LinkedIn URL can contain links which the employer can click on. Anything you can do to make it easier for the employer will help you land the interview.

Professional summary

The next item in your functional resume is a brief summary of your professional background. This enables the employer to begin to know something about you and encourages them to want to read the rest of your resume. It should be the same as your ‘ elevator pitch ’ or your answer to the infamous ‘ Tell me about yourself ’ interview question. It should summarize your skills, experience, and ability to contribute to the employer’s business objectives in 2-3 sentences.

(Adjective 1) and (adjective 2) (job title) who is passionate about (job duty) and offering (service provided by company) with efficiency and attention to detail. Excited to learn more about (field) from (company name) and be a part of achieving (goal.)

A resume summary is one of the most important components of any resume, and it’s probably the most challenging part to write.

This next section will include both ‘ hard skills ’ , which are directly related to the job you are applying to, and ‘ soft skills ’ , which are character traits. This latter category will demonstrate your ability to work well in the employer’s environment. They include things like communication, teamwork, attention to detail, and others.

When you opt for a functional resume , the skills section is the most important and you will spend more time on this section than you would in other types of resumes. The individual skills will be grouped in similar categories and described in much more detail. It may also contain examples of accomplishments related to the skills.  

Here is an example of the type of skills you could add to your own functional resume:

• Technical knowledge
• Personality trait
• Quality mentioned in job description

Similar to the skills section, the employment history or professional experience section of the resume will differ depending on the style of the resume you are using. For all formats, the basic information you include will be:

• Company name
• Dates employed

The positions are listed in reverse chronological order, starting with your most recent position and working backward. You should only list jobs going back for about 10 years. Anything prior to this either is no longer relevant to contemporary positions or the experience has already been described in more recent employment listings.

In the functional resume, this is all the detail you need to provide. The focus here is on your skills, which you have already described in detail.

• Your main job duty
• Your attitude towards customers and coworkers
• A skill you learned on the job
• Your biggest achievement

This section details both your formal and informal training related to the job you are applying to. The formal education is listed in reverse order, starting with the most recent or highest degree attained. The information you include is:

• Degree, with major and any minors if applicable
• School or institution
• Activities including offices held, organizations, key projects or publications

If you have had informal education related to the jobs you’ve held or are applying to, include it in your resume. The descriptions should include:

• Name of the class or certificate attained
• Instructional institution or issuing agency

These items should only be included if they enhance your qualifications for the job. If any education, training or certifications are listed as ‘Required’ in the job posting you are applying to, you may want to move this section to just below Skills and ahead of Experience. If you have a higher education degree, there is no need to list your high school on your resume.

• mm/dd/yyyy – mm/dd/yyyy: Degree name, University name, City, State
• Expected graduation mm/yyyy: High school name, City, State,

The best functional resume example

Check out our example of a great functional resume below. You can make one just like this in only a few clicks by using our easy-to-use resume builder .

Pros and cons of a functional resume

A functional resume poses certain advantages that can quickly help you get your career off the ground. However, it's not the right choice for everyone since the structure can be limiting in terms of work history. Let's explore the pros and cons of this type of resume.

Pros of a functional resume:

• Easy to create without much experience to go off of
• Allows you to highlight your personality traits
• A great option for students and recent grads
• Can be used to change careers and showcase transferrable skills
• The best way to highlight education and abilities with no work experience

Cons of a functional resume:

• No employment history section to highlight previous positions
• Can make you appear like an early-career candidate even if you're not
• Less ability to show hard skills or lessons learned on the job
• Not favored by employers for certain roles
• Stands out as a candidate who doesn't have experience in the field

Functional resume format for freshers

When you are leaving university it is unlikely that you will want your resume to focus on the various student roles that you undertook to earn some money for weekend socializing. 

The jobs in themselves are not important. It is the skills that you developed which matter.

Because it is likely that freshers will have to do a whole range of casual work, the format of a functional resume allows them to pick out the specific skills that each role demands. Employers will understand the sense in avoiding a long list of roles in chronological order - they are interested in your assessment of whether you have what it takes to succeed.

What are the common mistakes found in a functional resume? The most common mistake in a functional resume is the lack of context for the skills that you listed. Every resume, no matter what the format, should be packed with quantifiable proof of your career story. By all means, put a lot of emphasis on your skills, but do not forget to outline exactly what value you have brought to previous employers.

What is a combination resume?

A functional resume is most useful in situations where you need to highlight skills and knowledge that can't be attributed directly to a previous position. But what about when you do have some experience? That's when the combination resume can be a great asset.

The combination resume takes elements of a functional format and adds a shorter work history section similar to the one found on a standard reverse chronological resume. Generally, the skills/experience section that comes from the functional resume will be placed at the top of the page and the employment history will come later. 

The combination resume is a great choice when you have some work experience to show but not enough to fully switch over to the chronological resume. It can also be a good idea to create a combination format if you work in certain creative fields where your skills are more important than previous employers. Freelancers also find this format useful because it focuses more on the services they offer while letting them highlight just a few impressive clients.

The combination (hybrid) resume is increasingly popular. A hybrid resume combines the skills focus of the functional resume with the context-laden career story of a reverse chronological resume. No employer can read too much into a one-word skills section, but a hybrid resume offers a dedicated space to explore the functional fit in more detail. 

Functional resume: Final thoughts

Most people are good at what they do for a living but find it difficult to describe it in writing. Luckily, there are many online resources available to help you design and write a resume . The key is choosing the right format for your particular situation and then filling it with the right content, written in the right way.

Once you select the format, you can either write the resume yourself or find a functional resume template you can use. These are available on the internet and make it easy to create a professional looking resume. You simply fill in your details in the appropriate section and then save or print the resume.

Functional Resume Templates and Examples for 2024

Functional Resume Templates

What makes a functional resume template, when to pick a functional resume template, more resume templates, frequently asked questions: basic resume templates.

A resume is a vital component of your job search. It acts as your first line of communication with hiring managers, explaining how your past success has prepared you to take on a new role.

But if you lack experience or are new to a field, how can you create an effective resume?

Whether you’re transitioning careers, looking for your first job, or returning to work after time away, a functional resume will help you present a cohesive professional identity. This unique layout serves a specific purpose: to demonstrate that you meet job requirements based on your skills instead of a progressive work history.

Once you understand what an employer is looking for, you can tailor a functional resume to show how you meet their needs. The focal point of this format is a summary of transferable skills. Within this section, you focus on impressive achievements made using relevant technical and interpersonal abilities or proficiencies.

When you think of a classic resume template, the reverse-chronological format is often what first comes to mind: a large work history section followed by supporting details. The functional resume is a bit different.

Instead of presenting a progressive work history, your abilities take the lead. Its unique structure is designed to demonstrate that you have the key skills to excel. The sections are similar to a standard resume, just arranged a little differently:

• Contact information
• Relevant skills
• Education and certifications
• Professional experience

The majority of a functional resume will be dedicated to a “Relevant Abilities” section. No matter the job, you’ll likely include both hard and soft skills. Go into greater detail than you would in a traditional skills list. This section does the heavy lifting, with multiple bullet points describing past accomplishments achieved as a result of your skills.

When selecting a functional resume template, remember that readability is still your number one priority. Hiring managers must be able to quickly scan through your document and capture why you’re the best fit for the job. Placing your skills near the top of the page will help with this, so look for layouts that prioritize a large skills section.

Choose a professional template that’s clean and simple. Although using multiple colors and fun graphics may look nice, avoid anything that could take away from your content. Look for minimalist designs that make your skills the focus.

Functional resumes aren’t a common choice for most job hunters, but they have their place in special circumstances. Generally speaking, a functional resume should be used when the standard reverse-chronological format doesn’t represent your qualifications well. These are the top reasons it would be beneficial to pick a functional resume template:

• To call attention to specific skills and competencies
• To minimize gaps in employment
• To better tailor your unrelated experience to a new job
• To demonstrate the transferable potential
• To present skills gained from volunteering or hobbies

How to get the most out of this template

The functional format is all about maximizing your professional skills and proficiencies. To craft a strong functional resume, approach your writing with a clear strategy. The writing tips below will help you put together a great functional resume:  

• Align with the job description: While any good resume will be tailored to the unique needs of the employer, this is especially true for a functional format. Understand the job’s core competencies and match up your own skills. Then, mirror the language used in the job posting by including keywords and phrases organically throughout your resume.
• Start with a strong profile: The first paragraph of your resume is often a profile or summary of your key strengths and unique value proposition. This section should be brief but impactful, highlighting your most relevant skills, experiences, and accomplishments. Focus on strong, action-oriented language to capture the employer’s attention.
• Emphasize relevant skills: You won’t have room to list and expand upon every one of your skills. Instead, choose the three most relevant to the job. Determine which ones to include by studying the job description and identifying how your own abilities align with the job requirements.
• Use specific examples: Instead of simply stating, “Helped customers and processed transactions” when describing a skill like customer service, be specific. For example, “Served an average of 50 customers and processed over $5,000 in transactions per day.” Using numbers and action verbs will show the scope of your impact and responsibilities.
• Curate your work history: Professional experience takes a backseat in a functional resume, so only list your latest and most relevant jobs, keeping the descriptions short and concise. Similar to describing your skills, use examples that relate to the job and include numbers to illustrate the scope of your work.

Looking for a different resume template? Check out this list:

Create a “Relevant Skills'' section and list a few bullet points under each skill. Each point should highlight achievements you’ve made using those abilities. Use numbers like percentages, performance indicators, and monetary figures to show tangible outcomes. Hiring managers should be convinced you’ve had plenty of experience using the capabilities required for the job.

If you’re unsure about which skills transfer well from one job to the next, O*NET OnLine has a digital tool called “ Related Activities Search ” that compares work activities across multiple occupations. It also has a large database of common technology skills and soft skills you can browse to better understand the full spectrum of job duties for any occupation.

The functional format is best utilized in the rare instance when a chronological or combination resume doesn’t flatter or represent you well. If you’re worried that a lack of experience could affect your chances of landing an interview, a functional resume may be the way to go. Individuals in the following circumstances would benefit from this resume style:

• Recent graduates
• Entry-level job seekers
• Career changers
• Professionals with employment gaps
• People with an unconventional work history

The functional format can be beneficial in certain situations. However, it also has drawbacks to be aware of. In some instances, a functional resume can trigger negative perceptions. For example, some hiring managers may assume that you’re trying to hide that you’ve been job-hopping or lack any relevant experience.

Also, certain sectors, such as law, academia, and government, often place an emphasis on a traditional chronological approach. A functional format may confuse and put off employers, calling into question your credibility. Before deciding on a functional resume template, ensure it’s the right fit for your target industry and desired role.

Executive Resume Writer and Career Coach

Andrew Stoner is an executive career coach and resume writer with 17 years of experience as a hiring manager and operations leader at two Fortune 500 Financial Services companies, and as the career services director at two major university business schools.

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How to Write a Functional Resume [4 Free Templates Included]

Struggling with your resume because you just graduated from university and don’t have much work experience?

Or maybe you’re switching careers, and aren’t sure how to make your past position relevant for the new field?

Whichever the case, the solution is pretty simple:

Use a functional resume format!

• What’s a Functional Resume?

When to Use a Functional Resume?

How to write a functional resume.

• What Are Some Other Resume Formats (and When To Use Them)

What is a Functional Resume?

A functional resume, also known as the skill-based resume, is a resume format that focuses on your professional skill test as opposed to work experience.

If you were to create a traditional resume, you’d list out your work experience in reverse chronological order as follows:

Whereas, in the case of a functional resume , you list out each of your skills, and then back them up by highlighting how you’ve practically applied them in the past:

It’s better to use a functional resume in the following situations:

• You’re a recent graduate with no work experience. As the functional resume focuses on skills rather than experience, it can be very helpful to students.
• You’re switching careers . If you have some work experience, but the said experience isn’t relevant for the position you’re applying for, you can use a functional resume to highlight how your skills make you the right candidate.
• You have a long history of unemployment (or gaps between jobs). Since the functional resume format focuses on skills, you can use it to downplay your work experience gaps.

That being said, in around 90% of cases, we don’t recommend using a functional resume .

While it does have its perks (e.g. standing out as a recent graduate), it also comes with significant downsides.

First off, it’s nowhere near as popular as the traditional resume format, and in certain parts of the world, recruiters might not even know that the functional format is a thing.

In addition, some recruiters might find the lack of work experience in a resume suspicious because it can hint the candidate isn’t being truthful (e.g. red flags, being fired from previous employment, etc.).

These 2 disadvantages combined make a compelling case against the functional resume format.

So, if you do decide to create a functional resume, weigh the pros and cons and proceed at your own risk!

Want to also learn how to create a traditional resume ? Check out our guide!

First things first - pick a compelling resume template to get started. We recommend using our Functional Resume template:

Then, create the following sections on your resume:

• Contact Information
• Resume Summary
• Skill Summary

If you have additional space once you’re finished with these sections, you can fill it up with some optional sections (which we’ll explain a bit down the line).

Now, let’s walk you through each of these sections and explain how to do them right:

#1. Contact Information

While it might sound elementary, there’s a ton of tid-bits you need to know about getting the contact information section right.

Here’s what you need to include in the contact information section:

• First and last name
• Current job title
• Email address
• Phone number
• City and country you’re based in

Optionally, you can also include links to relevant social media profiles. For example:

• If you’re a writer, you can link your portfolio page or website.
• If you’re a developer, you can link your GitHub profile.
• If you’re a marketer, you can link your Instagram or Twitter page.
• Your LinkedIn profile link (if it’s up-to-date).

#2. Resume Summary

The next section on your functional resume is the “resume summary.”

This section goes right under your contact information, and looks something like this:

In a nutshell, a resume summary is a 2-4 sentence recap of your biggest professional achievements and career highlights.

The goal of this section is to show the recruiter (in one glance) that you’re qualified for the position you’re applying for.

Here’s what a well-written resume summary would look like:

• Professional executive assistant with experience in supporting high-level CEOs and other executives for over 5 years. Experienced in customer support, data entry, and scheduling meetings. Skilled in time management, MS Office, and Adobe Photoshop.

#3. Skill Summary

This one’s going to be the bulk of your functional resume.

In a skill summary section, you mention the top 3 skills required for the position you’re applying for and then provide information on how you’ve gained the said skills right under them.

Let’s say, for example, you’re a recent graduate applying for a role in marketing. Here’s what your skill summary could look like:

Copywriting

• Wrote over 20+ well-researched papers for my university.
• Worked at the university news media as a journalist, interviewing interesting university alumni and publishing their stories on the website.
• Created and published high-quality tech articles on my personal blog (www.exampleblog.com).
• Participated in a university project for a real-life company (Company X), where we had to come up with ideas for expanding to a new market.
• With the help of my team, came up with 5 ideas, out of which 3 were actually implemented by the company.
• Came up with 100+ topic ideas for content on my personal blog, some of which got over 50 shares when published.

Project Management

• Acted as a team leader for most of my university projects, ensuring that they were completed on time, and that every group member contributed.
• Was part of the Startup Weekend organizational committee. Helped source speakers, organize the event, find sponsors, and overall ensured that the event went smoothly.

#4. Education

The next section on your functional resume is Education , and this one’s actually pretty straightforward.

Here, list out the following information:

• Name of the degree (e.g. B.A. in Computer Science)
• Name of the university and dates attended (e.g. Boston State University, 2012 - 2016)

Optionally, you can also include the following as part of your education section :

• GPA. If you had an impressive GPA in your university (3.5 - 4.0), you can list it in your resume. Most companies, however, don’t really care about your grades all that much .
• Honors. E.g. Cum Laude, Magna Cum Laude, etc.
• Academic Achievements. Your thesis, interesting or noteworthy research papers you’ve written, etc.
• Courses Attended. If you’ve taken some very impressive classes (and they’re related to the role you’re applying for), you can mention them in your education section.

#5. Optional Sections

Still have some space left on your resume? Here are some other sections you can include:

• Projects - In our opinion, this one’s the most underrated resume section. Here, you can include any kind of personal or university project you’ve worked on. E.g. blog you’ve started, a piece of software you coded, etc.
• Extracurricular Activities - If you’re a recent graduate, you can include a section about the extracurricular activities you’ve participated in during university.
• Languages - Knowing an extra language or two can always come in handy. When filling these out, though, make sure to include your level of understanding (Beginner, Intermediate, Advanced, Fluent, or Native).
• Work History - Yep, you CAN include work history on your functional resume. If you decide to do this, though, your resume will be a combination resume and NOT the functional one.

Other Resume Formats

There are 2 other resume formats in addition to the Functional one:

• Reverse-Chronological Resume Format
• Combination Resume Format

Here’s what they’re about:

#1. Reverse-Chronological Resume Format

This one’s the most common resume format out there and it’s what most people have in mind when they refer to a “resume.”

This resume format simply lists out work experiences in reverse-chronological order and backs them up with other essential resume sections (skills, education, etc.).

Unless you have specific reasons to use either of the other resume formats (combination or functional), we recommend you stick with this one.

#2. Combination Resume Format

The combination resume is almost the same thing as a functional resume, with a small twist.

In addition to the skill summary section on the resume, you also add a work history section (which helps even out the downsides that come with a functional resume).

Usually, the combination resume is used by senior professionals with a decade’s worth of work experience.

4 Free Functional Resume Templates & Examples

Want to get started with your functional resume?

All you have to do is pick one of our free templates and you’re good to go!

#1. Functional Resume Template

Our functional resume template adds a dash of style to the traditional black-and-white resume.

Use this template to present your skills and talents in the best way possible!

#2. Combination Resume Template

This combination template allows you to showcase your skills without having to cut down on work experience.

#3. College Resume Template

Our College resume template is perfect for recent university graduates, allowing you to emphasize your skill-set over your work experiences.

#4. Professional Resume Template

Looking for something a bit more professional? This resume template is a prime favorite for job-seekers who are serious about their careers.

Key Takeaways

And that just about sums up everything you need to know about functional resumes!

Now, let’s do a small recap of everything we’ve learned so far:

• A functional resume format is a type of resume that focuses more on skills rather than work experiences.
• You can use a functional resume if you’re a recent graduate with little work experience or if you’re switching careers.
• To create a compelling functional resume, you want to get your skill summary section just right.
• Functional resumes, however, are not that common in most parts of the world, so we recommend sticking to a conventional resume format to most job-seekers, instead.

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The Functional Resume Format: Tips & Examples (2024 - Updated)

Table of Contents

Tips and tricks for writing a functional resume.

Generally, there are three types of resume formats, each with its own benefits and drawbacks. There is no one-size-fits-all template, but the resume-verse does have something for everyone. In order to avoid the resume blackhole , you need a layout that helps you stand out. 

That might sound strange, but many professions prioritize a seasoned expert with cultivated skills. One just needs to know how to use a functional resume to catch the eye of potential employers . Here at Qureos, we plan to teach you exactly that.  ‍

1. What Is a Functional Resume?

The functional resume is also known as a skill-based resume. That is because it focuses on marketing the applicant’s skills rather than work experience. It is the ideal format for those who have curated a highly diverse and effective skill set, which would be greatly productive in any job setting. 

Compared to the chronological or combination resume, this format is targeted towards a set group of employers who require a refined skill set rather than a history of professional work experiences. This resume showcases your ambitions relevant to the job, rather than what you have already accomplished.

‍ 2. What Is the Functional Resume Structure?

Let us guide you on how to make an impressive resume . To help you visualize it, this is what the standard functional resume should look like:

1. Contact Information

Your information should include your full name, city and country, telephone or mobile number, and email address. It can also have links to any professional websites or portfolios, like LinkedIn, Behance, or your personal e-portfolio. 

This is a necessary step because many employers will use your information to get back to you. Make sure to add this in your header, with your name in a larger font.  ‍

2. Resume Summary 

Though a solid cover letter executes this role in detail, a resume summary or objective is necessary to highlight your capabilities as a candidate. A brief yet straightforward passage must explain how you are the perfect fit for this role. If you lack work experience, a resume objective works better on a skills-based CV. Remember to be professional, keeping it relevant to the role you have applied for.

3. Skills Section

Here, you can experiment with that displays your skills in the most attractive, strong way. 

Usually, functional resumes start off with the first skills sections, called ‘summary of qualifications’, ‘relevant skills’, ‘technical skills’, and more. In bullet point format, list down all skills relevant to your job description . To further diversify your resume and intrigue your employer, you can mention self-taught skills on your resume as well!

Remember to give examples of where, when, or how you’ve implemented said skills. 

‍ 4. Professional Skills

Here, you are required to hone in on the important skills that are most likely to secure your acceptance. In a bulleted list, highlight two or three crucial skills that the employer will not be able to turn away. Then, detail when, where, and how you implemented said skills and what you achieved. 

Additionally, to further strengthen your resume, mention metrics, statistics, or any number that validates your accomplishments. Data evidence will give credibility to your skills, which is necessary. 

‍ 5. Work Experience, If Any 

In case you have any work experience, a functional resume has the space to include that. Below are your skills, like your professional history in reverse-chronological order. Start from the latest position held and describe your roles, skills, and achievements during that period. 

On the other hand, if you don’t have any experience – that’s fine! A functional resume is specifically designed to market your skills over everything else. 

‍ 6. Education

Lastly, write your educational background. Your college and degree are the most important to mention. It's not important to mention your GPA unless it is specifically asked for. Also, you can add any certifications, honors, or important medals you have received. However, ensure they are all appropriate for the job you have applied for.  

After curating your resume, it’s best to run it through a resume score calculator. This will further strengthen your profile and give you an added level of reassurance.

‍ 3. Who Should Use a Functional Resume?

For some, functional resumes can be a holy grail. It is vital to create a killer portfolio that guarantees acceptance, so it’s best to see if the functional resume meets your requirements before creating one. 

Of course, this resume is perfect for those job positions that value skills over practical experience. The format allows for your most valuable skills to shine up upfront, allowing potential employers to screen that section immediately.

Secondly, if you’re someone who has frequently switched careers, has worked in various departments, or lacks a career niche, the functional resume helps you stand out. For those with an unstructured career trajectory, this format encourages them to highlight their learning and skill development.

Thirdly, the functional resume is a highly useful format for fresh graduates or students who do not have work experience or are currently in school. Don’t fret, as one’s education and college experience are sources of skill-building that is of value to hiring managers. 

Additionally, the uniqueness of the functional resume intrigues employers. Therefore, this format is excellent for those who have employment gaps. Aside from focusing on your talents and capabilities, it adds another level to your application. 

Lastly, if you’re aiming for a drastic career shift into a different field, this format is for you. You can showcase how your pre-existing skills are flexible and generalizable to every environment. The functional resume can present you as an adaptable and multi-talented individual who can fit into any field!

However, in some cases, the functional resume may not be the right fit. Firstly, if you do have work experience that spans three to ten years and is relevant to the job. Or, if you want to display a steady career trajectory with advancements. In such a case, draft a combination resume or chronological resume. 

‍ 4. Functional Resume VS Chronological Resume?

A noticeable difference is that of formatting. A functional resume begins with your contact details, followed by a detailed outline of your capabilities, and any certifications. Lastly, it ends with relevant job experiences and educational background. 

Whereas the chronological resume starts off with identification details, followed by a resume summary, and a list of your work history. The latter is featured in reverse-chronological order. Unlike the functional resume, this format displays your education, certifications, and skills very briefly, at the end.

Secondly, while some may reject functional resumes for being disjointed or incomplete, some hiring managers prefer candidates who can work in any industry. While, chronological resumes are generally preferred, especially for job positions that require specific expertise and experience. 

Lastly, the functional resume enhances your skills as it does not prioritize what you have or have not done. It is future-focused that portrays you as a flexible candidate with holistic skills, able to succeed in any field, despite minimum work experience. 

However, a chronological resume values your work history, using it to craft a story that is appealing to employers. It focuses on showcasing accomplishments and your evolution as an employee. 

5. Functional Resume VS Combination Resume?

While we’ve mentioned the functional resume’s format, a combination resume is structured differently. It opens with contact information, a resume summary or objective, a bulleted skills list, and a chronological work experience section, ending with educational background. Unlike the functional resume, it bequeaths equal importance to skills and professional history, suitable for mid-level experienced employees. 

While a functional resume is received as an unexpected and non-traditional application, combination resumes are more creative and diverse. Though, this varies from employer to employer.

Finally, while a functional resume is focused on emphasizing your skills, a combination resume bequeaths equal importance to skills and professional history, suitable for mid-level experienced employees. 

This comprehensive guide on functional resumes is enough to kickstart you on your journey of designing an eye-catching resume. There are several brilliant resume templates available online – so don’t wait and land your dream job today!

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IT Professional Resume Examples

Writing a professional resume can be a daunting and intimidating task, especially if you are a recent graduate or are looking to break into a new industry. However, a professional resume is a key component in building a successful career and can be the difference between getting an interview or being passed over for the job. This guide is designed to help IT professionals create a resume that will help them stand out from the competition and make sure they land the job they are targeting. We will provide clear and concise instructions on how to create a resume, provide examples of resumes from IT professionals and discuss the best practices to make sure your resume stands out from the pack.

If you didn’t find what you were looking for, be sure to check out our complete library of resume examples .

Start building your dream career today! 

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IT Professional

123 Main Street | Anytown, USA 99999 | Phone: (123) 456-7890 | Email: [email protected]

I am an experienced IT professional with more than 10 years of experience in the IT industry. I have a proven track record of success in the development, implementation and management of IT solutions with a focus on customer service and effective communication. I have extensive experience with a wide range of technologies and applications, including software development, customer support, system administration, network engineering, database design and management, and project management. I am a highly organized individual with excellent problem solving and analytical skills.

Core Skills :

• Software Development (C++, Java, HTML, JavaScript, CSS)
• Systems Administration
• Network Engineering
• Database Design & Management
• Project Management
• Customer Service & Support
• Team Leadership & Collaboration
• Problem Solving & Analytical Skills

Professional Experience :

• Senior IT Engineer, ABC Company, 2018- Present
• Developed and implemented a wide range of IT solutions to meet customer needs.
• Provided technical support and troubleshooting assistance to customers.
• Managed customer accounts and resolved customer inquiries.
• Designed and maintained databases.
• Created comprehensive documentation for all IT projects.
• Established and maintained strong relationships with customers.
• IT Engineer, XYZ Company, 2012- 2018
• Designed and developed software applications.
• Configured, monitored and maintained network systems.
• Developed and implemented system maintenance and security protocols.
• Participated in the development of new IT solutions.

Education :

• Bachelor of Science in Computer Science, University of Technology, 2011
• Associate of Science in Computer Science, College of Technology, 2009
• Certified Information Technology Professional, International Institute of Information Technology, 2010

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IT Professional Resume with No Experience

Recent college graduate seeking to leverage strong analytical skills, knowledge of IT systems, and passion for technology in a junior IT professional role.

• Demonstrated leadership skills and ability to work in a team setting
• Proficient in Microsoft Office suite and other business software
• Excellent problem- solving and analytical skills
• Strong written and verbal communication
• Ability to understand and apply technical concepts

Responsibilities

• Identify and troubleshoot technical problems and provide solutions
• Develop and implement technology strategies to improve user experience
• Design, install, and configure computer systems, networks, and related hardware and software
• Monitor and maintain IT systems, ensuring optimal performance and security
• Perform system maintenance and software updates as needed

Experience 0 Years

Level Junior

Education Bachelor’s

IT Professional Resume with 2 Years of Experience

An ambitious, motivated IT Professional with 2 years of experience in developing innovative, cost- effective information technology solutions to meet the needs of customers. Committed to providing reliable technology services, efficient problem resolution and effective support. Accustomed to working in fast- paced environments and completing multiple tasks with limited supervision.

• Systems Analysis
• Software Development
• Database Design & Optimization
• Network Security
• Technical Troubleshooting
• Cyber Security

Responsibilities :

• Provided technical support and troubleshooting for a wide range of computer hardware, software and network systems.
• Developed innovative solutions for customers to increase efficiency and productivity.
• Managed the implementation and maintenance of computer systems, including setting up hardware and software, configuring networks, managing databases and optimizing performance.
• Designed and implemented security procedures for protecting data and systems from unauthorized access.
• Designed and developed custom software applications to meet the unique needs of customers.
• Ensured compliance with applicable regulations and standards.

Experience 2+ Years

IT Professional Resume with 5 Years of Experience

I am a highly organized IT professional with 5 years of experience in IT project management and software development. My core skills include project management, software development, problem solving, and strong communication. I have a proven track record of successful project delivery and customer satisfaction. I am also an effective team leader, with a collaborative and results- oriented approach. My responsibilities include developing technical solutions, managing project timelines, coordinating software releases, and resolving complex customer issues.

• Problem Solving
• Communication
• Team Leadership
• Technical Solutions
• Developed customer- facing software applications and managed the complete software development lifecycle.
• Maintained complex technical infrastructure and provided on- site technical support.
• Assisted in the design and development of web applications and websites.
• Collaborated with stakeholders to ensure customer satisfaction and successful project delivery.
• Resolved customer inquiries and escalated critical issues to the appropriate teams.
• Developed project plans, managed timelines, and tracked project progress.
• Coordinated software releases and implemented quality assurance processes.

Experience 5+ Years

Level Senior

IT Professional Resume with 7 Years of Experience

Objective To obtain an IT Professional position in a challenging and dynamic environment, where I am able to utilize my existing skills and experience, while continuing to develop my knowledge and techniques.

I am an experienced IT Professional with 7 years of in- depth expertise working in a variety of IT- related settings. I have an excellent track record of providing highly effective problem- solving, as well as a proven ability to troubleshoot and maintain complex IT systems. I am also able to develop and maintain positive working relationships with clients and associates alike. I have a solid understanding of project management and have been able to successfully deliver projects on- time and on- budget.

• Problem- solving
• Project management
• Troubleshooting
• Network and system maintenance
• Client relations
• Documentation
• Technical support
• Ensuring that all IT systems are running efficiently and effectively.
• Resolving technical issues in a timely and accurate manner.
• Maintaining and updating hardware and software as needed.
• Developing and implementing IT policies and procedures.
• Providing technical support to clients and staff.
• Creating user guides and IT training materials.
• Managing projects from inception to completion.

Experience 7+ Years

IT Professional Resume with 10 Years of Experience

Experienced IT professional with 10 years of experience in providing technical and administrative support to corporate systems and network operations, as well as developing and implementing IT solutions. Skilled and knowledgeable in multiple areas including hardware and software installation, troubleshooting and maintenance, server and network management, and system and system security. Adept at creating documents and other materials needed to support and maintain system operations, as well as providing user support and training.

• Network Management
• System Security
• Hardware and Software Installation
• User Support and Training
• Troubleshooting and Maintenance
• System and Data Analysis and Design
• System Documentation
• Quality Assurance
• Vendor Management
• Server Maintenance
• Develop, implement, and maintain IT solutions, systems, and networks to meet current and upcoming business requirements.
• Analyze and diagnose system errors and malfunctions, and take appropriate corrective actions.
• Create and maintain system and network documentation.
• Monitor performance of systems and networks, and provide technical support and troubleshooting.
• Install and configure hardware, software, and related components, and perform system updates and upgrades.
• Ensure all systems and networks are operating within established security policies and procedures.
• Provide user training and support for system and network operations.
• Monitor service requests, and respond to user inquiries in a timely and professional manner.
• Coordinate with vendors to ensure all system and network components are functioning properly.

Experience 10+ Years

Level Senior Manager

Education Master’s

IT Professional Resume with 15 Years of Experience

A highly experienced IT professional with over 15 years of experience and a proven track record of success in system installation and maintenance, network security, technical support, and project management. Possesses an expert- level understanding of the IT landscape, with in- depth knowledge of operating systems, network security, and technical support. Adept at troubleshooting systems and finding practical solutions to difficult technical problems. Skilled at managing IT projects, developing and implementing effective security protocols, and delivering timely and reliable IT services.

• Operating Systems: Windows, Linux, Mac OS
• Network Security: Firewalls, Intrusion Detection, Antivirus
• Network Troubleshooting: Routers, Switches, Servers
• Technical Support: Desktop, Server, Application
• Project Management: Planning, Scheduling, Implementation
• Scripting Languages: Python, Bash
• Installed and maintained operating systems, applications, and networks
• Monitored and tested performance of computer hardware and software
• Developed and implemented effective security protocols and procedures
• Troubleshoot systems and resolve technical problems
• Managed IT projects and monitored project progress
• Provided technical support to users and responded to incidents
• Implemented system patches and upgrades to ensure system security
• Performed system backups and maintained data integrity
• Analyzed and reported performance metrics and system utilization

Experience 15+ Years

Level Director

In addition to this, be sure to check out our resume templates , resume formats ,  cover letter examples ,  job description , and  career advice  pages for more helpful tips and advice.

What should be included in a IT Professional resume?

A resume for an IT professional should contain all of the key components of a successful resume. To ensure that your resume stands out, you should include the following sections:

• Contact Information: Make sure to include your name, email address, and phone number so potential employers can easily contact you.
• Professional Summary: A brief description of your qualifications and experience that outlines your biggest accomplishments and the value you can bring to the employer.
• Work Experience: This is where you will include any past IT jobs you have held, along with a detailed description of the duties and responsibilities you had at each position.
• Education: Include the degrees, certifications, and courses you have completed related to IT.
• Technical Skills: List your IT-related skills, such as coding languages, software development, and networking.
• Soft Skills: Include any interpersonal skills you possess that will be beneficial for an IT job, such as communication, problem solving, or team management.
• Awards and Honors: Include any achievements or awards you have earned related to IT.
• Professional Development: You can include any professional development activities you took part in such as conferences, boot camps, or seminars.

By including all of the above information in your IT professional resume, you can create a great resume that will help you stand out from other applicants.

What is a good summary for a IT Professional resume?

A good summary for an IT Professional resume should provide an overview of the candidate’s professional experience, technical knowledge, and qualifications in the IT field. It should also include any special skills, certifications, and other achievements. The summary should be tailored to the position the candidate is applying for, highlighting experience and qualifications that will make them stand out from other applicants. It should be concise, to the point, and demonstrate the candidate’s enthusiasm for the job. This summary should provide employers with a clear picture of the candidate’s abilities and qualifications, and be tailored to the position they are applying for. Ultimately, a good summary for an IT Professional resume should make it clear why the candidate is the best person for the job.

What is a good objective for a IT Professional resume?

A successful Information Technology (IT) professional should have a resume objective statement that clearly outlines their experience and technical skills. A potential employer should be able to quickly understand what makes the job applicant an ideal candidate for the role.

A well-crafted resume objective for an IT professional should include:

• Professional experience: Outlining any relevant experience in the IT field that is pertinent to the role, including specific platforms, systems, software, and languages.
• Technical skills: Highlighting the specific technical skills and qualifications that make the applicant a good fit for the job.
• Career goals: Showing a keen interest in the position by highlighting any long-term goals or ambitions that the applicant has in the IT field.
• Professional growth: Demonstrating that the applicant is open to learning new skills and has the ambition to expand their expertise.

An effective resume objective for an IT professional should provide the employer with an indication of the candidate’s ability and ambition within the IT field. By outlining the necessary technical skills and qualifications, as well as professional experience and goals, the applicant can create a well-rounded resume objective that is sure to grab the employer’s attention.

How do you list IT Professional skills on a resume?

When writing your resume, it is important to highlight the IT professional skills you bring to the table. Even if you do not have a specific IT-related job title, you may still have the necessary skills, experience, and knowledge to work in a tech-related field.

Here are some tips on how to list IT professional skills on a resume:

• Research the job you are applying for: Before you list any IT skills on your resume, research the job to determine which skills the employer is looking for. Make sure to tailor your resume to the specific job you are applying for.
• List any certifications or degrees you have: Highlighting any certifications or degrees you have obtained in the IT field can help you stand out from other applicants. Include the name of the certification, the issuing organization, and the year you obtained it.
• Use industry-specific keywords: Use the same language and terms that are used in the job description to make sure your resume stands out. This will help recruiters and employers to see that you have the necessary IT skills.
• List any software or technology experience you have: Include any software or technology experience you have. For example, you can list programs you have used, such as MS Office Suite, Adobe Creative Suite, or database software.
• Describe projects you have completed: Describing any projects you have completed that allowed you to showcase your IT skills can help you stand out to potential employers.

By following these tips, you can ensure that your resume effectively highlights your IT professional skills.

What skills should I put on my resume for IT Professional?

An effective resume for an IT professional should highlight a combination of technical skills and soft skills. In addition to showcasing your understanding of computer systems and programming languages, it is important to demonstrate your problem-solving capabilities, communication skills, and the ability to work in a team.

Technical Skills:

• Operating Systems: Windows, Mac OS, Linux
• Programming Languages: Java, C++, Python, HTML, CSS
• Databases: MySQL, Oracle, MongoDB
• Networking: LAN, WAN, TCP/IP

Soft Skills:

• Communication: Excellent verbal and written communication
• Problem-solving: Ability to identify and resolve hardware and software problems
• Interpersonal: Ability to work well with people of all backgrounds
• Adaptability: Ability to quickly adjust to changing environments
• Time Management: Ability to prioritize tasks and manage time effectively
• Leadership: Ability to lead projects and delegate tasks effectively

By emphasizing both your technical and soft skills on your resume, you will demonstrate that you are a well-rounded IT professional with the qualifications and experience needed to be successful in the industry.

Key takeaways for an IT Professional resume

Whether you are a recent IT graduate or an experienced professional, writing a resume can be a daunting task. For IT professionals, there are unique elements that should be included on a resume to best showcase your skills and experience. Here are some key takeaways to keep in mind when crafting an IT professional resume:

• Highlight your technical skills and experience. As an IT professional, your technical skills and experience should be the focus of your resume. Make sure to list specific technologies, software, and hardware you have expertise in. Demonstrate your ability to adapt to new technologies and showcase a depth of knowledge in the field.
• Showcase your communication and management skills. While technical skills are important, IT professionals must also be able to communicate effectively and manage projects. Highlight any leadership roles you have had in the past and any experience you have in customer service or problem-solving.
• Emphasize your attention to detail. IT professionals must be detail-oriented and conscientious. Showcase any projects or tasks that demonstrate your attention to detail or problem-solving abilities.
• Include industry certifications and qualifications. Any certifications or qualifications you have received in the IT field should be included on your resume. This will demonstrate your level of expertise and knowledge in the field.
• Include volunteer and extracurricular activities. If you have participated in any volunteer activities or extracurricular activities that are related to the IT field, make sure to list them on your resume. This will show potential employers that you are committed to the profession and have a passion for IT.

By following these key takeaways, you can create an IT professional resume that highlights your unique skills and experience and makes you stand out to potential employers.

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Functional Resume Templates

With our functional resume template, you’ll be on your way to interviewing in no time. To get started, just click on a template below and start importing your existing content.

Single Column

Skill-based resume template. Resume is focused on your abilities gained at different companies, rather than career Timeline.

Career-change resume template. If you're switching career fields, pick this template.

Job-hopper resume template. Keep your skills updated when switching jobs.

Competency-based resume template. A functional design that highlights your skills and competencies, making it suitable for professionals with transferable skills and experience in a variety of industries. Ideal for entry- to senior-level professionals.

Double Column

Career summary resume template. A functional resume that highlights your career summary and accomplishments, making it easy for employers to understand your strengths and experience. Great fit for mid-level professionals.

Expertise-focused resume template. A functional resume that focuses on your areas of expertise and the value you can bring to an organization, making it a perfect fit for entry- to mid-level professionals.

In This Guide:

What is a functional resume template, when to use a functional resume template, functional resume templates pros and cons.

A functional resume template is a fantastic option for anyone who’s starting their career or switching to a different field. The focus is on your professional skills rather than your work history.

Functional resume templates are a format that groups your experience under skill categories instead of job titles to emphasize transferable skills by listing examples of your abilities from both work and personal experiences.

Functional resumes are perfect for highlighting your experience and are easy to write with our already-made template structure .

With their specific structure, functional resumes put your skills and achievements front and center and before the work experience. After your contact information, you go straight into your most relevant abilities and accomplishments, and then you can give brief details about your job history.

That’s why this format is preferable to people with employment gaps , military experience, or entry-level.

Functional Resumes are also perfect for jobseekers who are switching industries or want to take a new direction in their career path. The main purpose of this resume template is to put to light your skillset, especially if you apply to a different industry. In this case, emphasizing your transferable skills can help you land a new job.

Unfortunately, a functional resume, as attractive as it can be to some jobseekers, can cause suspicion in recruiters, because of the presented information, which can be taken out of context. That’s why some recruiters prefer a combination of functional and reverse-chronological resumes.

But still, there are so many good reasons to use this formatting if you do it right. Check our guide on how to write a resume .

Tips for building the best functional resume

A functional resume or skill-based structure can be used with the modern design template or the classical one. It will depend only on your personality, experience, and the type of business industry you are applying to. Let’s begin to create the best functional resume, so you can get the job of your dreams:

Take the best from both worlds. You can use some features from the modern design and the traditional one. Keep your resume clean of unnecessary graphics. Use icons only to pop up your skills and achievement sections. Each section on your resume is arranged in blocks to emphasize the important information - your accomplishments and abilities. You can be inspired by some of the best resume designs .

Your resume should be easily readable. That’s why you should choose your font carefully . The best fonts are those that have enough white space to read well on both screens and print, it will make your resume easier to scan/read. Enhancv’s functional resume template uses Lato for all headings, subheadings, and body text. And while the body of the text is consistent throughout, the resume headings are large enough to catch the readers' eye.

Using black, white, and a third color like blue or green is a safe resume color scheme . That’s why we are using a splash of blue to help draw attention without being distracting. The general rule is to make one color dominant, one secondary, and the third to place emphasis. Use white for the background, black for the text, and the third color to highlight important parts like heaters for the different sections.

Select the best layout

A functional resume follows a skill-based structure to emphasize your strengths and achievements, which are one of the first things to list. The resume features several sections: heading, summary, strengths, achievements, experience, and education.

Of course, you start your resume from the header , where you can list your name and contact information. Your name is the biggest thing on the resume to ensure you stand out. It’s always better to add something more about yourself, as a link to your profile in professional networks or if you have a portfolio website that is appropriate to share. Headshot’s not a must to include, but if the recruiters specifically mention it in the job application, you should add it at the header near your name and contact information.

The summary in the functional resume looks a little bit different. The focus here is to highlight your skills and achievements, allowing you to describe your qualifications with more detail using strong action verbs. If you have gaps in your employment history or other problems, here is the place to explain them. Use the summary to illustrate to the recruiters why you're qualified for the position.

The next step is to the key sections on your functional resume. Strengths and achievements are featured first to show recruiters what sets you apart from other candidates. In the first section, list and give examples of your transferable skills like time management, problem-solving, interpersonal skills, organization, leadership, and so on. Emphasize these strengths, giving examples of what you accomplished by applying this skillset to your previous jobs, personal situations, or academic life in the achievement section.

A functional resume is focused on your experience and skills, in the education section you can list the basic facts regarding your degree, including institution name, location, degree, and major. If you don’t have any previous work experience, you should spend more time in the education section by providing more details on your courses if relevant to the job you are applying for. You can check our guide for resumes without work experience .

Another section that you can add to your functional resume is information about your certifications . Especially in the cases in which you decided to career change and took professional retraining courses to enable you to do the job you are applying for. It’s essential to mention this certification on top of your resume in the summary section, or you risk the recruiter just skipping over your resume and missing this information.

Additional sections and information that you can add if applicable to your resume can be - special awards or commendations; testimonials from clients; volunteer work; projects; publications, or special courses. You can list them by importance and significance in separate sections. Name each of your sections, then add a short description below

Number of pages

Keep your resume between one or two full pages . Your application’s length should be determined by the position you’re applying for and the amount of relevant experience you have. If you are an entry-level candidate or a fresh graduate, you can fill up one page effortlessly. It’s your choice how to arrange all the sections - in one or two columns. Functional resumes are very flexible and can give you a lot of freedom to creatively shape your resume on one or two pages.

• A functional resume is the right choice for candidates with non-traditional work experience or no work experience entirely.
• A functional resume emphasizes your skills and accomplishments. It is an effective way to tell your career story if you have a lot of experience and want your goal is to showcase your accomplishments.
• It is easy to adjust the content to a specific role you’re hoping to land without thinking much about job titles that aren’t relevant to the job application, employment gaps, or lack of experience in the field
• More experienced recruiters don’t like this type of resume formatting because your skills and achievements are laid out without context.
• Some recruiters will skip to the part of your work experience and education and entirely miss evening else.
• Functional resumes aren’t very common, which can lead to confusion, and the recruiter might have a hard time scanning and understanding this alternative formatting

Frequently asked questions about functional resume templates

Do employers like functional resumes, how do i write a functional resume with no experience, are functional resumes still used.

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WTO / Human Resource / Resumes / Functional Resume Format: 18 Free Templates & Examples

Functional Resume Format: 18 Free Templates & Examples

A functional format for a resume is used if you wish to focus more on your skills than on your chronological work history. Using this format for the resume allows the recruiters and hiring managers to easily see all your technical and soft skills as a candidate.

Though your chronological work history is not required, a hiring manager will still want to see your qualifications, work experience, and all the transferable skills that you possess. Ensure that the skills you include in your resume are relevant to the job you are applying for. With this resume, you should aim to emphasize your skills by categorizing them under “experiences” instead of job titles.

You can have different categories such as “summary of qualifications,” “experiences,” and “professional skills.” Under these categories, ensure you highlight each skill in a way that will impress the recruiter. The resume should also highlight examples of your skills and experiences to help the hiring manager understand your qualifications better. You can include both work and life experiences; however, ensure that they are relevant to the job.

Be sure to concentrate primarily on how your skills can help you complete the tasks and responsibilities that come with the job position, even if you have a variety of experiences to draw from.  

Customizable Templates

When and Who Should Utilize a Functional Resume

This type of format is suitable for only certain types of job candidates. That is why you need to understand who should use this format and how best to prepare it to ensure you maximize your chances of getting the job. For example, when you are changing careers , that is, moving from one industry to another, or when you have employment gaps, that is, long periods without employment, this is the resume for you.

In addition, you can use this resume when you want to focus on your specific professional skills. It is also best to use this resume when you have a set of skills that you have learned from school and through mentorship. When the job you have applied for requires you to focus on your skills rather than your experiences, emphasize all of the skills you have that will distinguish you from other applicants.

You can also use a functional resume if you have recently graduated and lack professional experience . Additionally, if you consider yourself a creative individual, an overqualified job candidate, or a military transitioner, you should consider using a functional format for your CV.

How to Create a Functional Resume?

If you want to learn how to create a resume in a functional format, here are the seven steps you should observe when creating a functional resume:

Step 1: Provide your personal information

Ensure that you start by providing your personal information . This entails your name, your current job title, and contact details such as your phone number and email address. Your address is not required on the resume. However, you can include your personal website and LinkedIn profile if they are relevant to your prospective job. It is important to type your name in a font larger than the rest of the text; however, ensure that you use a professional font.

Emmanuel Peters Financial officer 333-333-3332 [email protected]

Step 2: Write an introduction or summary

The next step is to write an introduction that summarizes your skills. The idea is to prepare a compelling introduction that will make your resume interesting and capture the recruiter’s attention. The summary should be compelling and include details about your most relevant skills, achievements, responsibilities, and career goals. You can either write this section in a paragraph or as bullet points.

You should not only include about three examples of your most relevant skills but also use keywords as highlighted in the company’s job listing. These keywords will make your resume more noticeable and ATS-friendly, guaranteeing you a chance in the next stage of the job application process.

I am a financial officer with five years of work experience in overseeing financial transactions, developing budgets, and preparing financial reports. I have strong accounting and analytical skills and solid knowledge of procedures that guarantee a 10% increase in proficiency in the financial and accounting departments if I am hired.

Step 3: Group and list your proficient skills

The third step in writing this resume is the grouping and listing your most proficient skills. Your skills section should expand on the three skills that are most important for the prospective job, with roughly three or four bullet points under each to show that you are proficient in that particular skill.

It is essential to add numbers, such as percentages, dollar amounts, time saved, or even the number of people you worked with, to emphasize your proficiency and expertise. And assure the recruiters that you can deliver tangible results. Also, ensure that the information in your CV is truthful and is intended to impact the company positively. It is also important for you to express this information in a way that is appealing to the hiring manager.

Analytical ability

Have a high aptitude for analyzing financial documents so as to prepare understandable and complete financial analyses.

• Ability to create budgets that can save the company up to 15% on raw materials by establishing legal, efficient, and affordable suppliers.
• Educate the finance department team on how to forecast the company’s profits and losses so as to prepare proper financial reports.

Attention to detail

• Proficient in Mathematics and digital tools, thereby being able to spot any mistakes in the company’s financial documents.
• Accurate and excellent in terms of preparing contracts and analyzing financial calculations.
• Ability to identify any discrepancies in the company’s financial documents and data.

Advanced MS Excel skills

• Able to use the MS Excel computer program to organize financial data into a digital format.
• Can prepare spreadsheets to determine the company’s revenue, prepare payrolls, calculate
• taxes, and forecast the company’s future performance.
• Ability to transfer data from a different source(s) and rebuild it in MS Excel in a way that is up to 6% faster, saving the company’s time and resources.

Step 4: Outline your professional history 

The next step is to outline your work history. This section should be short and concise, as it includes a list of all companies you worked for and your job titles. This information does not need to be listed in any particular order because a functional resume does not emphasize your career history. Also, this section is only important if you have the skills and work experience for the job you have applied for.

ABC Company        XYZ Company Avenue Road           Goodwill Street (2015-2016)            (2017-2021) Financial Director  Financial Officer

Step 5: Give your relevant educational background 

It is also important to include your educational background. You should include the name of your university, the address of this institution, the degree you received, and your GPA, if it is above 3.5.

B.A. in Finance                                M.B.A with Management Specialization St. Peters University, 2014         Charles University, 2018

Step 6: Highlight your professional accomplishments 

The next step is to highlight your professional accomplishments. Mention any awards or honors that you have earned, especially if they are relevant to the job you are applying to. Such accomplishments help you stand out among others as they represent a qualified job candidate who will benefit the company. You can mention these accomplishments under the section ‘Awards’ .

Attendee at the World Economic Forum and Global Agenda Councils, 2017-2019 Winner of the 2019 Best Finance, Accounting and Management Category

Step 7: Describe your additional skills

In case you have any other skills apart from those listed in your summary section and skills section, you should mention them in this last section of the resume. You can also mention any skills that you may have gained through internships, personal projects, or volunteer positions. These additional skills are meant to increase your chances of being hired

• Volunteered at the local weekly community kitchen
• Basic proficiency in French, and German
• Have excellent communication and interpersonal skills

You can write a proper and compelling functional resume by following all seven of the aforementioned steps.

Tips for Writing a Great Functional Format Resume

If you want to write an effective resume , you should follow the guidelines listed below: 

Make your summary an elevator pitch

The summary of your resume is an important section that is meant to capture the attention of a hiring manager. You should therefore write it like an elevator pitch. This means that you need to make a good first impression by keeping it short and positive. Your top qualifications and best skills should explain why you are the best candidate for the job. The focus is on convincing the recruiter that the skills you offer will benefit the company.

Organize your skills by theme or topic

It is also important to organize your skills by theme or topic to make it easier for the recruiter to identify all your professional accomplishments. Some of these categories include  “Summary of Qualifications”, “ Relevant or Professional Skills,” “Soft Skills,” or “People Skills” etc. Under the heading “summary of qualifications,” you should highlight your three most relevant and primary skills. For professional skills, you should focus on the abilities you gained from your education, internships , and work experience.

Briefly state only relevant work experience

You can also briefly include any relevant work experience in the resume. For this, you only need to include your job title, workplace, and years of employment. This makes a functional format different from a chronological one, which would have included an extensive work history with a detailed explanation of responsibilities.  

The most important tip is to always be concise. Your resume should be concise, to the point, and a maximum of one page long. This ensures that the recruiter can review your entire resume in a short period of time.  

Key Takeaways

• A functional resume is meant for job candidates who do not have a traditional work history or lack the required work experience.
• With this format, such job candidates can prepare a resume that focuses on all the relevant skills and qualifications they possess in regard to the job position.
•  You need to observe all the tips and include all the required information in your resume for you to have a compelling resume that will interest recruiters.
• You can use our functional resume templates to effortlessly prepare your resume for the job you want to apply for.

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Click here to directly go to the complete Functional resume sample.

What is a functional resume?

It is a resume format used by professionals who want to highlight their skills over experience.

Before we dive-deeper into the use and meaning of a functional resume, we need to understand the types of resume formats available to us.

There are 3 standard resume formats used by professionals from different industries. This blog will help you understand how and when to choose a functional resume for your job application.

The following questions will be answered in the article:

• What is a Functional Resume Template?
• Difference between Chronological vs Functional Resume
• Why do we use a Functional Resume Template?
• Pros & cons of functional and chronological resume formats
• Who should use a Functional Resume Template?
• How to make a Functional Resume?
• How to structure a Functional Resume Template?
• Tips to write a Functional Resume

Types of Resume Format

There are three different types of resumes that are accepted within the industry. These resume templates are:

Reverse Chronological Resume Layout

In which your information starts from your current/last-held profile and dates back to the beginning of your education. It includes all your major achievements and information listed along with important dates.

The resume template examples follow the below-mentioned structure:

• Contact information
• Resume summary or resume objective
• Work experience
• Additional Sections

Combination Resume Layout

It is a combination of the reverse chronological resume format and the functional resume format. It allows a candidate to showcase their skills and achievements with evidence from their professional experience.

The points on this format of the resume are grouped based on the skills highlighted.

The resume template examples follow:

• Skills Summary
• Additional Skills
• Work Experience

What Is a Functional Resume Template?

Functional resumes are essentially skill based resumes, wherein professionals expand and highlight their relevant skills rather than their work experience.

This format is recommended by resume experts for people with gaps in their employment history or for ones who have changed their jobs a lot.

To help you understand better, here are a few pointer about functional resume:

• It focuses on your skill set rather than your work experience
• It works best for when your work history is not related to your targeted job
• It works in favor for professionals with gaps in their employment history or those who have frequently changed jobs

The ideal structure of the resume template is:

• Resume objective

Also Read: What is the best type of resume format?

Functional Resume vs Chronological Resume

Functional Resume Template: Why Do We Use It?

People who benefit from a functional resume are:

• Professionals joining creative industries - because your portfolio matters more than your resume.
• Professionals transitioning Industry - as a detailed job descriptions could be too difficult for unfamiliar recruiters to comprehend.
• Overqualified or Under-qualified Candidates - who are joining mid-level jobs.

A few key points about the functional resume format:

• The functional resume can be used by candidates to focus on skills and avoid the work history.
• Since the focus is on the skills, it helps mask the job shifting trait of the candidate.
• The functional resume format is not parsed by most ATS since the ATS only looks for points under the relevant work experience.
• The functional format is not a well accepted resume format as it raises suspicions in the minds of the recruiters that the candidate is trying to hide something.

Functional Resume Template: Who Should Use It and When?

A functional resume template is particularly useful for job-seekers who:

• Have frequently changed jobs
• Have gaps in their work history
• Are reentering the workforce
• Are transitioning into new careers
• Under-qualified or Overqualified for particular job posts

The reason functional resumes work well for these people is that most of our acquired skills are transferable despite our careers not standing well.

For example , if you have been a sales manager, you were possibly responsible for training, coaching, and customer relations. These skills could even be used in your functional resume for a Public Relations Manager.

In a chronological resume , this information might not appeal to a recruiter. Essentially you did not hold the title of Public Relations Manager. However, the functional resume format showcases that despite your job profile you have dealt with PR-related issues.

Eventually it comes to how you illustrate yourself. If you give the employers the same information in an improved package you are bound to increase your chances for an interviews. Functional resumes describes more than just background and experience.

How to Make a Functional Resume?

Before we move on to making a functional resume, first we need to understand the format of a functional resume.

How to Format a Functional Resume?

• Strategically group your key skills into different categories
• Keep the employment section brief
• List your previous designations along with the company in your employment section
• You can omit selective information due to non-compliance with the target profile

Structure of a Functional Resume Format

Follow the order given below to make your resume using the Functional Format:

Contact Information

• Qualifications Summary
• Relevant Skills
• Professional Experience (dates optional)
• The Additional Section

Key Sections In a Functional Resume

Functional resume summary.

Here are a few pointers to keep in mind while drafting a functional format summary:

• Spend maximum time on crafting your functional resume summary
• It should be the last section that you write in your resume
• Highlight your key skills and achievements that align with your target profile
• Limit your summary to 3-4 lines
• Avoid writing boring and elaborate summary, keep it concise and relevant

Also Read : How to write a resume summary

In functional resumes, the candidate’s skills are more important than their work history.

The skills section in a functional resume template should include at least three skills that are significant to the target job. For each skill, group 3 or 4 points which can provide evidence for the same.

Quantifying your skills in your functional resume instills confidence in the employer. It showcases that you are able to fulfill the requirements of the position.

In a functional resume template, skills come after your personal details and before your professional or academic experience. To best highlight your functional resume skills list ensure a combination of

• Skills listed in the job description
• Skills you possess

Although adding your contact information looks like the easiest part of the resume writing process yet many functional resumes manage to miss relevant contact details. Include your:

• Phone number
• E-mail address
• Home address (city and state)

You may even include your LinkedIn URL but do not redirect the recruiter to an empty profile.

Your name should ideally be the largest text on the page between 20-24 pt. font size. The rest of your font may correspond to the font style and size of the rest of the page.

Professional Experience

In functional resumes, the professional experience section showcases your experience without prominent display. This shifts the focus on the skills and other qualifications you have for the position.

To conceal your missing work experiences:

Label your period of unemployment

You may have been unemployed for legitimate reasons like being a parent or doing an independent study or being a full-time student. You may describe yourself in the following ways to label your period of unemployment:

• Full-Time Student
• Independent Study
• Full-Time Parent
• Family Management
• Adventure Travel
• Personal Travel

You must always demonstrate on your functional resume that you were doing something during your gaps in employment. Refrain from explaining them as a result of:

• Rehabilitation, or

Refrain from specific dates

In the functional resume examples you might notice minimal mention of the periods of employment. This creates the impression that even if you were unemployed during the middle of the year 2010, it appears as though you have been consistently working.

This is an acceptable way of “fudging” in functional resumes.

Drafting the education section of functional resume is similar to reverse chronological format resume.

• Include the name of the university along with the location
• Name of the course along with the GPA
• Date of enrollment and graduation

However, if your educational experience corresponds to the job you are applying for then you must mention the skills you have acquired in due process.

In case your degree is not relevant to your field, keep this section short. You may also consider changing the headline to "Training and Education" to incorporate more volume of relevant skills.

Functional Resume Format Template Sample

An example of a free functional resume sample template is attached for a better understanding of how you can proceed with writing your resume.

Tips for Crafting a Functional Resume

• Employ professional or sans-serif fonts such as, Arial, Verdana, Trebuchet MS, Century Gothic, Calibri, Lucida Sans, Tahoma, etc. over serif fonts
• Maintain the font size larger than 10 pts. but smaller than 12 pts. for the section points
• Maintain the font size larger than 12 pts. but smaller than 14 pts. for the section headings
• Stick to the same date format. The standard date format in functional resumes is (mm/yy)
• Follow the current trends. Resume examples 2019 may differ from resume examples 2022
• Refrain from cramming your resume with gimmicky graphics
• Leave more white space for your recruiters to have a comfortable read
• Do not include pictures in your functional resumes
• Do not try to fit every important information on a one-page resume. Do not, however, exclude key details about your career

Functional Resume or Chronological Resume: Which Should You Use?

Pros & cons of using a reverse chronological resumes.

Pros of using a reverse chronological resume

• It provides a clear view of your career trajectory
• This format is widely accepted by recruiters
• It works in your favor if you have an extensive work history related to your targeted job

Cons of using a reverse chronological format

• It highlights your career gaps in your resume
• Showcases unrelated work to your targeted job

Pros & Cons of Using Functional Resumes

Pros of using a functional resume format

• It helps in hiding career gaps in employment history
• It is advantageous for fresher who have no work experience
• It is the best choice for professionals changing their career trajectory

Cons of using a functional resume format

• It send a message to the recruiters that you are hiding something
• It is not ATS compliant
• It doesn't cover your entire work history

Why do Recruiters Dislike this Format?

Recruiters usually skip to the work history to figure out what you might be hiding. In the process, if you manage to impress with your skills, you are good to go.

• Within the context of skills and accomplishments, it gives you a better opportunity to make yourself stand out despite having significant experiences.
• Recruiters are familiar with that fact that the functional resume format covers gaps in the applicant’s experience.

Use with Caution

Although a functional resume might sound like it could suit your situation yet you must be conscious of the few drawbacks to this approach.

Excluding the dates or titles can raise the recruiter's suspicions that you might be trying to hide something.

It can be frustrating for recruiters to figure out where you performed a particular accomplishment.

So carefully evaluate your situation, weigh the pros and cons and if you consider the functional resume template an the advantage which outweighs the drawbacks you may go ahead with it. The skills-based resume could present you in the best light.

Key Takeaways

• It is critical to choose the best resume format for the job application. The best best format should ideally employ all the necessary keywords .
• Picking a proper format ensures focusing on either of the two - your skills or your career progression
• Make sure that your resume format do not make your recruiters suspicious of your achievements.
• Your resume format should address two points - how well you can you do the job and If you the company can work with you?
• Opt for a functional resume template if you have frequently changed jobs or have gaps in their work history
• Quantify your work experiences with your achievements using the Cause Effect formula
• Write a strong skills section and boast any certifications or awards you have received

Hiration does not recommend the use of functional resumes.

Go to Hiration's career platform which has 24/7 chat support and get professional assistance with all your job & career-related queries.

You can also write to us at [email protected] .

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How to List Professional Affiliations on a Resume [+ Examples]

3 key takeaways

• Professional affiliations and memberships are associations you have with professional organizations.
• Adding affiliations on a resume can help demonstrate industry expertise and credibility.
• Teal’s Resume Builder can help you list and format your professional affiliations and memberships on your resume.

When you’re in the thick of the job search, you want to make sure you’re adding the right professional details to catch a recruiter's or hiring manager's eyes. You’re likely sharing your relevant experience and skills, and maybe even your degree and a professional resume summary. But what about memberships and professional affiliations?

How do you know what professional affiliations and memberships to add—and when and where should you include them on your resume? This guide covers why these additions are valuable, how to know when to add them, and how to format them on your resume.

Struggling to land interviews? Try Teal’s free AI resume builder . 

Understanding memberships and professional affiliations

Memberships and professional affiliations are connections to professional organizations related to the practice in a professional industry.

Memberships and professional affiliations both indicate you’re connected to professional organizations.

Professional organizations include:

• Industry-specific organizations: Professional associations focused on a particular field
• Generalized professional organizations: Broader professional associations focused on a larger professional area
• Certifications: Certificates awarded by professional associations after completing training or passing an exam
• Professional service organizations: Professional associations providing community service and networking opportunities
• Specialized organizations: Groups centered on a specific niche within an industry
• Unions: Organizations representing workers’ interests, advocating for fair wages, benefits, and working conditions
• Charitable organizations: Non-profit groups dedicated to specific philanthropic causes
• Civic organizations: Groups focused on improving community life through volunteer work (Learn how to list volunteer experience on your resume .)
• Board memberships: Serving on the governing body of an organization, whether it’s a for-profit company, a nonprofit, or a public institution, to help oversee the organization’s strategy, direction, and performance
• Academic honor societies: Organizations that recognize individuals who excel in academics or leadership, usually at high schools or universities

Specific associations enhance a candidate's credibility and demonstrate their commitment to their industry.

Adding either a membership or professional affiliation can increase your credibility on your resume by showing you’re dedicated to your industry. You’re demonstrating that you go above and beyond to network with like-minded professionals, contribute to advancements in your industry, and keep up with new skills and trends.

“When I review resumes, I look for affiliations because they usually signal commitment and a network within a specific industry,” says Jon Morgan, CEO and editor-in-chief of Venture Smarter, a business consulting firm.

According to Morgan, affiliations are how you can show your enthusiasm for an industry through community involvement.

“They prove you’re not just sitting around; you’re really getting involved and keeping up with the latest trends and how things are done. This is super important in fields where knowing the right people and staying current is a big deal.”

Professional affiliations vs professional memberships meaning

While memberships and professional affiliations both indicate you’re connected to one of these organizations, the terms differ slightly:

• Affiliation : a looser connection with an organization; you may serve on a committee, collaborate on projects, or attend conferences.
• Membership : being an official part of the organization, which may require paying a fee, contributing regularly, or adhering to certain codes of conduct. 

Typically, a membership indicates a more serious commitment to the professional organization than an affiliation.

Membership and professional affiliation examples

Professional affiliation and memberships span a variety of career types, industries, and interests. Here are a few common professional affiliation examples by industry.

28 professional affiliation examples for a resume

• American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA)
• Certified Financial Planner Board of Standards (CFP Board)
• Financial Analysts Federation (FAF)
• Financial Planning Association (FPA)
• Institute of Management Accountants (IMA)
• National Association of Real Estate Brokers (NAREB)
• National Education Association (NEA)
• American Association of University Professors (AAUP)

The education section of a resume can be used to showcase various credentials, certifications, and affiliations specific to the education industry.

Engineering

• American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE)
• Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
• Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
• Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE)
• American Medical Association (AMA)
• American Nurses Association (ANA)
• American Dental Association (ADA)
• American Pharmaceutical Association (APhA)
• American Hospital Association (AHA)

Note: When writing a resume for healthcare professionals, it is crucial to accurately list specific associations and certifications. Designations like 'Registered Nurse' must be clearly stated on resumes, particularly when applying for roles that require specific licenses or degrees.

• American Bar Association (ABA)
• National Bar Association (NBA)
• American Health Lawyers Association (AHLA)

Note: To legally practice law, it is essential to have the necessary educational credentials and bar admission. Law associations, such as the ABA, NBA, and AHLA, provide valuable networking opportunities and experiences that can enhance a professional resume for those planning to practice law.

• American Management Association (AMA)
• Project Management Institute (PMI)
• Society for Human Resource Management (SHRM)

Marketing and Sales

• American Marketing Association (AMA)
• National Association of Sales Professionals
• Public Relations Society of America (PRSA)
• American Chemical Society (ACS)
• Association of Computer Engineers and Technicians

How to list memberships and professional affiliations on a resume

You have a relevant membership or professional affiliation you’d like to include—or maybe more than one. Here’s how to list memberships on a resume.

1. Make a list of all your relevant memberships and affiliations

First, list all of your memberships and affiliations. This includes any organization you’ve worked with or been an official member of.

Then, narrow down which one of these are relevant to the role. When you're looking at the job description, consider:

• Does this membership or professional affiliation relate to the industry I want to work in?
• Does this membership or professional affiliation demonstrate I have the right job skills?
• Does this membership or professional affiliation demonstrate I have relevant portable skills?

If the answer is “yes” to any of the above questions, you should include the membership or professional affiliation on your resume.

2. Put the affiliation in your professional summary

You have a couple options for where to put organizations on your resume: either in your professional summary or in a separate section. The professional resume summary is the best choice if you have one professional affiliation or membership.

The summary paragraph of a resume, typically structured as three to five sentences, should include relevant affiliations to demonstrate professional involvement and enhance the overall effectiveness of the summary.

In the professional summary, naturally work in the affiliation or membership by using a proven format.

Example of how to list affiliations on a resume

[Your Title] with [Number] years of experience, skilled in [Skill 1], [Skill 2], and [Skill 3]. Proven ability to [Achievement or Result]. Actively involved in [Professional Affiliation].

Or, if more subtly:

[Your Job Title] and [Organization Name] member with [Number] years of experience, skilled in [Skill 1], [Skill 2], and [Skill 3]. Proven ability to [Achievement or Result].

3. Or, create a separate affiliations section

Sometimes, it’s OK to have sections beyond  “experience,” “education,” “skills,” or even “ hobbies and interests .” If you have multiple affiliations, create a new section on your resume.

Choose a title that most accurately reflects what’s underneath it; for example, if you’re listing two professional affiliations and one certification, you could use “Affiliations." Common titles for this section include:

• Affiliations
• Professional Affiliations
• Certifications
• Professional Development

List all of the organizations’ names—including the acronym, if applicable—and the dates, in years, of your membership of affiliations.

Teal’s Design Mode in Resume Builder can help add membership and affiliations without having to create a resume from scratch. In the “certifications” section, you can easily add professional affiliations and memberships with clear, customizable formatting:

This section should live below your experience section.

4. Include any relevant roles or skills

If you’ve held a leadership role in the organization, be sure to list the title. You can also use bullet points to list skills you gained if they aren’t included in other sections of your resume. 

If you’d like to add professional affiliations or memberships and add more details about them, you can use ​​Teal’s Design Mode in the resume maker and navigate to “Projects.”

For each professional affiliation, you can add the organization’s name, dates you were (or are) a part of it, and free-write any additional skills you built, projects you worked on, events you organized, or leadership positions you held. While you want to include key details, focus on keeping this section brief.

Once you’ve added more information about your memberships and affiliations, you can change the section title in Teal’s Design tab.

Affiliations on a resume example

Now that you know how to include memberships and affiliations on a resume, what should they look like? Here are a few examples.

How to list professional affiliations on a resume

In this example, this person has multiple professional affiliations and certifications, so they’ve created a separate section to list all of them in one centralized place. 

How to list professional memberships on a resume

In this example, memberships are in the professional summary at the top of the resume. This saves resume space and gives extra credibility to your summary right off the bat.

How to list organizations on a resume

In this example, this job seeker has shared not only what professional organizations they’re affiliated with or a member of, but gives more detail about the roles they’ve played and skills they’ve learned. This legitimizes the affiliations section, helping it functionally act as an extension of their work experience.

When to include memberships and professional affiliations on a resume

While memberships and professional affiliations can be helpful additions to your resume, there’s a time and place to include them.

“If you are in a technical role requiring specific expertise or a highly regulated field, such as education, finance, insurance, engineering, or computer science, listing a professional affiliation on your resume can strengthen the perception of your subject matter expertise and professional engagement,” says Phoebe Gavin, career and leadership coach.

Gavin emphasized that professional affiliations are especially useful for those in or seeking leadership roles:

“You'll also benefit from including your affiliation if you hold a leadership position or are a frequent contributor to the professional association, such as having a board seat, being a member of the leadership team, or serving as an educator, coach, or mentor in the association's programs.”

When else should you include memberships or professional affiliations on your resume?

• If it’s required: Read the job posting closely to see if the role requires a specific membership or affiliation. This is common for fields like law or health care, but can apply to any industry. If the role mentions a membership or professional affiliation in “preferred qualifications” and you have one, that’s a good sign to include it on your resume, too.
• If it’s relevant: If your professional affiliation or membership is in the same field you’re applying to, including it can show your industry expertise.
• To show commitment: Including a membership or professional affiliation shows you’re taking action to dedicate yourself to the field, demonstrating commitment, a growth mindset, desire to connect with like-minded people, and a passion for life-long learning.
• To demonstrate transferable skills: If you’re changing careers or entering a field you don’t have as much direct experience in, adding a professional affiliation or membership can show you have key skills and commitment to the role you’re looking for. 

Common mistakes to avoid when adding memberships and professional associations

Adding a membership or professional affiliation to your resume is almost as easy as listing the organization’s name out and the year—but you should be more discerning when deciding which ones to include and how you list them.

Common resume mistakes when adding memberships and professional affiliations include:

• Adding irrelevant memberships or professional affiliations
• Including personal affiliations that don’t correspond to the role
• Listing outdated affiliations of groups you’re no longer a part of
• Neglecting to include relevant leadership roles or positions 
• Overusing or misspelling organization acronyms 

According to Morgan, relevance is key to knowing when to include affiliations on a resume:

“If your affiliations are not well-known or relevant to the role, or if you’re in a field where such affiliations aren’t valued, they might not add much value and could clutter your resume.”

How to build relevant affiliations

If you’re looking to build professional affiliations or memberships to add to your resume, it’s never too late.

Do your research

First, figure out what professional affiliations or memberships might be most beneficial to you and your career. Don’t just think of your current job—think ahead to what might benefit you a year, five years, or even ten years down the line.

“Start researching organizations relevant to your industry,” Morgan says. She gave specific tips on how best to go about this:

“Check their membership requirements and benefits to ensure they match your professional needs. Going to industry events or talking to current members can also give you a good idea before you decide to join.”

Consider the size of the association

Gavin recommends joining one niche association and one large association:

“For my clients who are minorities, the valuable type of niche association focuses on the intersection of professional and identity.”

Niche associations are smaller, but tend to have more engaged members. These create a sense of community, says Gavin: 

“There may be professional associations that convene people in your function or industry who share your identity markers, such as being a woman, a person of color, or a member of the LGBTQ community. These groups are often passionate about supporting each other professionally, and being active in them can be very beneficial.”

While the smaller, engaged groups can provide direct support and community, Gavin still advises to look at larger associations, too—which may have more resources and recognition. 

“Don't ignore the larger, more general associations that host major conferences for your industry. They can also be incredibly valuable, but you might have to work a little bit harder to be noticed.”

Work toward the requirements (if applicable)

Every professional organization is different. Some have no requirements and anyone can join. Others require years of experience or a certain score on an exam.

Once you’ve decided what organization you’re interested in, be sure you know exactly what you need to do to become a member. Then, start working toward it! Talk to other members to get tips on how they fulfilled their requirements and be sure to keep up with crucial deadlines and other organization rules.

Show off your memberships and professional affiliations with Teal

Memberships and professional affiliations are a great way to boost your resume’s credibility. Being a member of a professional organization—or affiliated with one—demonstrates your commitment to the industry, willingness to network with like-minded people, and passion for learning more. 

While professional affiliations and memberships are usually a positive addition to a resume, it’s crucial to add them in a relevant, concise, and error-free way. Using Teal’s Design Mode feature can help you add these resume elements stress-free to ensure they bring the most impact. Sign up for Teal to get started for free.

Frequently Asked Questions

Should you include affiliations on a resume.

Yes, you should include affiliations on a resume if they’re relevant to the industry or role you’re applying for. Affiliations can help improve your credibility and show your expertise in the field.

What are examples of affiliations?

Examples of affiliations include industry-specific organizations, general professional organizations, unions, charitable organizations, and more.

What should I write in affiliation?

If you’re asked to include an affiliation on your resume or in a job application, share any professional affiliations, memberships, or other organizations you’re a part of. These should be relevant to the role you’re applying for.

What is a work affiliation?

A work affiliation refers to being affiliated with or a member of a professional organization. This may be an industry-specific organization or a more general career development group.

What is an example of a group affiliation?

Examples of group affiliations include professional affiliations with industry-specific organizations, affiliations with charities, non-profits, and unions.

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• How to Explain a Two Year Career Gap on Resume

Navigating career gaps can be challenging, especially when it comes to knowing how to explain a two-year gap on a resume. Whether the gap was due to personal reasons, travel, or further education, presenting it effectively on your resume is crucial to reassure potential employers of your readiness to re-enter the workforce.

In this blog, we’ll explore several key situations where career gaps are common, including travel, caring for a family member, pursuing further education, and making a career change. We'll provide practical examples and tips to help you frame these gaps as periods of growth and skill development, ensuring your resume remains strong and competitive.

Explaining a two-year career gap on your resume effectively can help mitigate employer concerns. You can address this in sections such as the "Employment History," "Professional Experience," or a dedicated "Career Break" section. Here are some tips on how to explain a two year gap on your resume:

• Be Honest : Clearly state the reason for your gap in the appropriate section. For example: "Career Break (2018-2020): Took a two-year break to recover from a medical condition."
• Highlight Relevant Activities : Mention any courses, volunteer work, or freelance projects you did during the gap. For example: "Completed online courses in project management and volunteered at a local non-profit."
• Emphasize Transferable Skills : Focus on skills gained or enhanced during the gap. For example: "Developed strong organizational skills and time management while caring for a family member."
• Use a Functional Resume Format : This format focuses on skills and experiences rather than chronological work history.
• Document Your Gap Briefly : Include a short explanation in the employment history section. For example: "Career Break (2018-2020): Took time off for personal health recovery and skill development."
• Show Continuous Learning : Highlight any self-study, certifications, or webinars you participated in. For example: "Earned certifications in digital marketing and data analysis during my career break."
• Describe Volunteer Work : Detail any volunteer work and the skills you developed. For example: "Volunteered as a project coordinator for a community initiative, enhancing my leadership skills."
• Mention Freelance Projects : List any freelance or consulting projects you undertook. For example: "Completed freelance graphic design projects for small businesses."
• Include a Skills Section : Add a skills section to your resume to emphasize relevant skills. For example: "Skills: Project Management, Data Analysis, Team Leadership."
• Explain the Gap Briefly : Provide a brief explanation directly in the work history section. For example: "2018-2020: Career break to address personal health issues and complete professional development courses."
• Showcase Achievements : Highlight any notable achievements or recognitions during the gap. For example: "Received a volunteer of the year award for community service."
• Stay Positive : Maintain a positive tone when explaining your career gap. For example: "My career break was a period of growth and skill development, and I’m excited to bring these new skills to your organization."

By following these steps, you can effectively explain a two-year career gap on your resume and reassure potential employers of your readiness to re-enter the workforce.

• How to Explain a Two-Year Career Gap on Resume Due to Personal Health Issues

When addressing a two-year career gap due to personal health issues on a resume, it is essential to be both honest and strategic. Clearly communicate the reason for the gap while focusing on your recovery and readiness to return to the workforce. Here are three examples of how to effectively handle this in various situations:

Gap on Resume Due to Personal Health Example 1: Professional with Continuous Work History Prior to the Gap

Situation : You had a steady job before the health issues and are now ready to return to the same field.

Work Experience : Marketing Manager XYZ Corporation, New York, NY January 2015 – December 2019

• Led a team of 10 in developing and executing marketing strategies, resulting in a 25% increase in brand engagement.
• Managed a $1M marketing budget and achieved a 30% ROI on campaigns.

Health and Recovery Period January 2020 – December 2021

• Took a planned career break to address and recover from a significant health issue.
• Engaged in professional development through online courses in digital marketing and project management to stay updated with industry trends.
• Volunteered for local non-profits, providing marketing consultancy and maintaining my skillset.

Gap on Resume Due to Personal Health Example 2: Recent Graduate Entering the Workforce

Situation : You graduated shortly before or during the onset of your health issues and are now entering the job market.

Education : Bachelor of Science in Computer Science ABC University, Los Angeles, CA Graduated: May 2020

Health and Recovery Period June 2020 – June 2022

• Experienced and overcame significant health challenges, demonstrating resilience and adaptability.
• Participated in various online coding bootcamps and webinars to enhance my technical skills.
• Contributed to open-source projects, gaining practical experience in software development.

Gap on Resume Due to Personal Health Example 3: Career Changer

Situation : You were in a different field before your health issues and used the recovery period to prepare for a new career path.

Work Experience : Sales Associate DEF Retail, Chicago, IL March 2016 – February 2020

• Consistently exceeded sales targets by 15% through excellent customer service and product knowledge.
• Trained new employees on sales techniques and customer relationship management.

Health and Recovery Period March 2020 – February 2022

• Took a necessary break to focus on recovery from a health issue.
• Undertook coursework in data analytics and obtained a certification in Data Science from an online platform.
• Completed freelance projects in data analysis for small businesses, showcasing my new skills and dedication to career transition.

In each example, the health and recovery period is addressed honestly but concisely, emphasizing continuous learning, skill maintenance, and readiness to re-enter the workforce. This approach ensures transparency while highlighting your proactive steps during the gap.

• How to Explain a Two-Year Career Gap on Resume Due to Caring for a Family Member

Explaining a two-year career gap due to caring for a family member on your resume involves being forthright while highlighting any skills or experiences gained during this period. It’s crucial to convey your dedication to family while also emphasizing your preparedness to rejoin the workforce. Here are three examples tailored to different situations:

Gap on Resume Due to Caring for a Family Member Example 1: Professional with Continuous Work History Prior to the Gap

Situation : You had a consistent career before the gap and are now ready to return to the same industry.

Work Experience : Project Manager XYZ Corporation, Boston, MA January 2014 – December 2018

• Oversaw the successful completion of multiple high-budget projects, improving efficiency by 20%.
• Managed cross-functional teams and coordinated with stakeholders to ensure project alignment with business goals.

Family Care Period January 2019 – December 2020

• Took a planned career break to provide full-time care for a family member.
• Developed strong organizational and time-management skills by coordinating medical appointments, managing household responsibilities, and ensuring overall well-being.
• Stayed updated with industry trends through webinars and online courses, including certification in Agile Project Management.

Gap on Resume Due to Caring for a Family Member Example 2: Recent Graduate Entering the Workforce

Situation : You graduated shortly before or during the onset of your caregiving responsibilities and are now entering the job market.

Education : Bachelor of Arts in Graphic Design ABC University, Seattle, WA Graduated: May 2019

Family Care Period June 2019 – June 2021

• Took a career break to provide essential care for a family member, demonstrating empathy and responsibility.
• Enhanced graphic design skills by completing freelance projects, including logo design and website creation for local businesses.
• Completed online courses in advanced graphic design software, staying current with industry practices.

Gap on Resume Due to Caring for a Family Member Example 3: Career Changer

Situation : You were in a different field before the caregiving period and used this time to prepare for a new career path.

Work Experience : Administrative Assistant DEF Company, Dallas, TX February 2015 – March 2019

• Provided administrative support, managed schedules, and organized company events.
• Implemented a new filing system that increased efficiency by 15%.

Family Care Period April 2019 – April 2021

• Took a necessary break to care for a family member, developing advanced multitasking and problem-solving skills.
• Pursued a career change to data analysis, completing a certification in Data Analytics from an online platform.
• Conducted volunteer data analysis projects for local non-profits, demonstrating commitment and gaining practical experience.

In each example, the family care period is acknowledged candidly, with a focus on the transferable skills and professional development pursued during the gap. This approach demonstrates your commitment to family while underscoring your proactive efforts to maintain and enhance your career readiness.

• How to Explain a Two-Year Career Gap on Resume Due to Parental Leave

When explaining a two-year career gap on your resume due to parental leave, it is important to be honest and show how you have stayed engaged with your industry or developed relevant skills during this period. Here are three examples illustrating how to effectively address this gap in different situations:

Two-Year Career Gap on Resume Due to Parental Leave Example 1: Professional with Continuous Work History Prior to the Gap

Situation : You had a stable career before taking parental leave and are now ready to return to the same field.

Work Experience : Software Developer XYZ Tech Solutions, San Francisco, CA June 2015 – June 2019

• Developed and maintained web applications, contributing to a 15% increase in user engagement.
• Collaborated with cross-functional teams to design and implement new features.

Parental Leave July 2019 – July 2021

• Took a planned career break for parental leave to focus on raising a newborn and ensuring a smooth transition into parenthood.
• Stayed current with industry trends by participating in online coding courses and attending virtual tech conferences.
• Completed freelance projects for small businesses, maintaining and enhancing coding skills during the break.

Two-Year Career Gap on Resume Due to Parental Leave Example 2: Recent Graduate Entering the Workforce

Situation : You graduated shortly before or during your parental leave and are now seeking to enter the job market.

Education : Bachelor of Science in Business Administration ABC University, Chicago, IL Graduated: May 2019

Parental Leave June 2019 – June 2021

• Took time off to focus on the early stages of parenthood, managing household responsibilities and child care.
• Utilized this period to enhance my skills through online business courses, focusing on marketing and finance.
• Volunteered with a local community group, assisting in organizing events and managing social media, which provided practical experience in business operations.

Two-Year Career Gap on Resume Due to Parental Leave Example 3: Career Changer

Situation : You were in a different field before taking parental leave and used this time to prepare for a new career path.

Work Experience : Customer Service Representative DEF Corporation, Houston, TX January 2014 – January 2019

• Assisted customers with inquiries and resolved complaints, achieving a high satisfaction rate.
• Trained new hires on customer service protocols and company policies.

Parental Leave February 2019 – February 2021

• Took a career break for parental leave to care for a newborn and manage family responsibilities.
• Pursued a career change into digital marketing by completing an online certification in Digital Marketing Strategy.
• Gained practical experience by managing a personal blog and social media accounts, increasing follower engagement and implementing SEO strategies.

In each example, the parental leave period is acknowledged transparently, with an emphasis on the proactive steps taken to stay engaged with the professional world or develop new skills. This approach highlights your dedication to both family and career, showcasing readiness to re-enter the workforce with enhanced capabilities.

• How to Explain a Two-Year Career Gap on Resume Due to Pursuing Further Education

When addressing a two-year career gap on your resume due to pursuing further education, it's important to clearly communicate that this period was spent enhancing your skills and knowledge. This explanation should emphasize how the education aligns with your career goals and adds value to your professional profile. Here are three examples of how to effectively present this in different situations:

Two-Year Career Gap on Resume Due to Pursuing Further Education Example 1: Professional Continuing in the Same Field

Situation : You were already established in your career but decided to pursue an advanced degree to deepen your expertise.

Work Experience : Financial Analyst XYZ Corporation, New York, NY June 2015 – August 2019

• Conducted in-depth financial analysis, providing strategic recommendations that led to a 10% increase in profit margins.
• Collaborated with cross-functional teams to develop financial models and forecasts.

Education Period September 2019 – August 2021

• Pursued a Master of Business Administration (MBA) with a concentration in Finance at ABC University.
• Gained advanced knowledge in financial management, corporate strategy, and leadership, enhancing my ability to contribute to higher-level business decisions.
• Completed a capstone project that involved developing a financial strategy for a start-up, resulting in a comprehensive business plan ready for investor presentations.

Two-Year Career Gap on Resume Due to Pursuing Further Education Example 2: Career Advancer Seeking a Leadership Role

Situation : You took time off to gain a qualification that would help you move into a leadership role.

Work Experience : Marketing Coordinator DEF Agency, Los Angeles, CA April 2016 – June 2019

• Assisted in the development and execution of marketing campaigns, contributing to a 20% increase in client acquisition.
• Coordinated events and managed client communications to ensure seamless project delivery.

Education Period July 2019 – June 2021

• Completed a Master of Science in Marketing with a focus on Digital Marketing and Strategic Management from XYZ University.
• Acquired leadership skills through courses in team management and strategic planning, preparing for transition into managerial roles.
• Led a group project that involved creating and executing a digital marketing strategy for a non-profit organization, which successfully increased their online engagement by 50%.

Two-Year Career Gap on Resume Due to Pursuing Further Education Example 3: Career Changer

Situation : You decided to pursue further education to transition into a completely different field.

Work Experience : Elementary School Teacher GHI School District, Boston, MA September 2014 – June 2019

• Developed and implemented lesson plans, fostering a positive and engaging learning environment.
• Collaborated with other educators to create interdisciplinary projects that enhanced student learning outcomes.

Education Period July 2019 – July 2021

• Pursued a Bachelor of Science in Computer Science at ABC University, focusing on software development and data analysis.
• Gained proficiency in programming languages such as Python and Java, with hands-on experience in developing applications.
• Completed a final project involving the creation of an educational app, which integrates lesson planning tools for teachers, bridging my experience in education with my new skills in technology.

In each example, the education period is clearly marked on the resume, highlighting the degree obtained, the skills acquired, and any relevant projects or experiences. This approach ensures that the career gap is seen as a valuable period of growth and learning, directly contributing to your professional advancement.

• How to Explain a Two-Year Career Gap on Resume Due to Career Change

When explaining a two-year career gap on your resume due to a career change, it’s essential to highlight how this period was used to acquire new skills, gain relevant experience, and transition into your new field. The key is to frame the gap as a deliberate and strategic move that adds value to your new career path. Here are three examples tailored to different scenarios:

Two-Year Career Gap on Resume Due to Career Change Example 1: Transitioning from One Professional Field to Another

Situation : You were working in a specific field but decided to shift to a completely different industry.

Work Experience : Accountant XYZ Corporation, Chicago, IL March 2015 – April 2019

• Managed financial records, ensuring compliance with regulations and improving the accuracy of financial reporting by 15%.
• Assisted in the preparation of annual budgets and financial statements.

Career Change Transition Period May 2019 – May 2021

• Pursued coursework and certifications in Software Development, including obtaining a Full Stack Developer certification from ABC Online Academy.
• Completed several freelance web development projects, including designing and launching websites for small businesses.
• Attended industry conferences and participated in hackathons to build a network within the tech community.

Two-Year Career Gap on Resume Due to Career Change Example 2: Moving from a Technical Role to a Creative Role

Situation : You decided to move from a highly technical role to a more creative profession.

Work Experience : Mechanical Engineer DEF Engineering, Seattle, WA June 2014 – June 2019

• Designed and tested mechanical components, contributing to a 20% improvement in product efficiency.
• Collaborated with cross-functional teams to integrate new technologies into product designs.

Career Change Transition Period July 2019 – July 2021

• Enrolled in a Graphic Design program at XYZ Design School, where I developed skills in digital illustration, typography, and branding.
• Created a portfolio of design projects, including branding packages, website designs, and marketing materials for various clients.
• Volunteered as a graphic designer for non-profits, applying my design skills to create promotional materials and gaining real-world experience in the creative industry.

Two-Year Career Gap on Resume Due to Career Change Example 3: Switching from a Corporate Role to Entrepreneurship

Situation : You left a corporate position to start your own business or freelance career.

Work Experience : Human Resources Manager GHI Corporation, New York, NY January 2013 – March 2019

• Managed recruitment processes and employee relations, improving retention rates by 10%.
• Developed and implemented HR policies that streamlined operations and enhanced workplace culture.

Career Change Transition Period April 2019 – April 2021

• Launched and managed a freelance consulting business, specializing in HR consulting and career coaching.
• Acquired clients by leveraging my corporate experience, providing services such as resume writing, interview coaching, and organizational development.
• Completed a certification in Small Business Management to strengthen my entrepreneurial skills and ensure the success of my new venture.

In each of these examples, the career change transition period is clearly identified on the resume, emphasizing the proactive steps taken to develop new skills, gain relevant experience, and prepare for success in the new field. This approach presents the career gap as a period of intentional growth and strategic planning, positioning you as a well-prepared candidate in your new industry.

• How to Explain a Two-Year Career Gap on Resume Due to Travel

When addressing a two-year career gap on your resume due to travel, it's important to frame the experience as a period of personal growth, skill development, and cultural enrichment. Highlight any relevant skills you acquired or experiences that contribute to your professional profile. This approach helps to present the travel gap as a valuable experience that can positively impact your career. Here are three examples of how to address this situation on your resume:

Two-Year Career Gap on Resume Due to Travel Example 1: Professional Returning to the Same Field

Situation : You took a break from your career to travel the world but are now returning to your original field.

Work Experience : Marketing Specialist XYZ Corporation, New York, NY January 2015 – December 2018

• Developed and executed marketing strategies that resulted in a 20% increase in brand visibility.
• Managed social media campaigns, growing online engagement by 30%.

Travel and Cultural Experience January 2019 – December 2020

• Traveled to 15 countries across Europe and Asia, gaining a deep understanding of diverse cultures and global markets.
• Developed strong problem-solving and adaptability skills while navigating unfamiliar environments and managing travel logistics.
• Documented the journey through a travel blog, which attracted a significant following, enhancing my skills in content creation, SEO, and digital marketing.

Two-Year Career Gap on Resume Due to Travel Example 2: Recent Graduate Using Travel to Build Soft Skills

Situation : You graduated and decided to travel before starting your career, using the experience to develop valuable soft skills.

Education : Bachelor of Arts in International Relations ABC University, Los Angeles, CA Graduated: May 2018

Travel and Personal Development June 2018 – June 2020

• Traveled extensively across South America, volunteering with local NGOs to assist in community development projects.
• Improved cross-cultural communication skills by working with diverse groups and leading workshops in English as a Second Language (ESL).
• Gained fluency in Spanish through immersion, enhancing my ability to engage with Spanish-speaking clients and partners in a professional setting.

Two-Year Career Gap on Resume Due to Travel Example 3: Career Changer Using Travel to Explore New Career Path

Situation : You used travel as an opportunity to explore a new career path and gain relevant experience.

Work Experience : Software Engineer DEF Tech Solutions, San Francisco, CA March 2014 – February 2018

• Developed and maintained software applications, contributing to a 25% improvement in system performance.
• Collaborated with cross-functional teams to design user-friendly interfaces.

Travel and Career Exploration March 2018 – March 2020

• Traveled across Africa and Southeast Asia, researching sustainable development practices and the impact of technology on rural communities.
• Completed online courses in environmental sustainability and social entrepreneurship, aligning my technical skills with my new career interests.
• Conducted field research and interviews with local entrepreneurs, culminating in a detailed report on sustainable business models, which I presented at a local seminar upon my return.

In each example, the travel period is clearly articulated on the resume, focusing on the skills gained and experiences that are relevant to your professional development. This approach allows you to present the career gap as an intentional and enriching experience that contributes to your career trajectory.

When explaining a two-year career gap due to travel, emphasize how this period contributed to personal growth and skill development that benefits your professional life. Frame the experience as a strategic break that enhances your global perspective and adaptability.

• Developed successful marketing strategies that increased brand visibility by 20%.
• Traveled across 15 countries, enhancing cross-cultural communication and adaptability skills, and documented the journey through a travel blog, honing content creation and SEO skills.

When addressing a career gap due to caring for a family member, be honest about the break while highlighting how you maintained or developed relevant skills during this time.

• Successfully managed projects, improving efficiency by 20%.
• Took a planned break to provide care for a family member, during which I enhanced my time management and organizational skills through the coordination of care responsibilities.

If your career gap was due to pursuing further education, emphasize how the new qualifications align with your career goals and add value to your professional profile.

• Provided strategic financial recommendations that increased profit margins by 10%.
• Pursued an MBA with a concentration in Finance at ABC University, enhancing my ability to contribute to high-level business decisions.

When explaining a career gap due to a career change, focus on the steps you took to acquire new skills and transition into your new field.

• Improved financial reporting accuracy by 15%.
• Completed a Full Stack Developer certification and gained experience by working on freelance web development projects.

Each of these examples presents the career gap as a strategic and valuable period of growth, ensuring that the gap is viewed positively by potential employers.

Madison Norton

VP Marketing & Resume Expert

Madison is the VP Marketing and General Manager at VisualCV . He's a seasoned marketing leader, resume writing and career marketing expert and now helping people grow their own career marketing strategies to build a career they love.

Madison on LinkedIn

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July 19, 2024

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How to Write an Application Letter (Sample Included!)

Whether you’re applying for a job , internship , scholarship, or volunteer position, a well-crafted application letter can help you stand out. It's your chance to introduce yourself and make a strong first impression that sets you apart from the competition.

But how do you write an application letter that’s effective? Below, we’ll explain when to use this method of introduction and give you practical tips on writing one that gets results. Plus, we've included a sample application letter and a template to help you create the perfect document for any opportunity.

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What is an application letter?

An application letter is a document sent with your resume to provide additional information on your skills and experience. It's a crucial part of an application for work as it introduces you to potential employers and highlights your qualifications.

While some companies request it at the beginning of the application process, others might ask for it later, or not at all—but it's always a valuable addition.

Unlike a resume, which outlines your work history, a written application allows you to elaborate on your achievements and how they relate to the job you are applying for. It is a much more specific way to introduce yourself and explain why you would be a good fit for the job.

How is an application letter different from a cover letter?

Some people use the terms “application letter” and “cover letter” interchangeably, but there are subtle differences between the two.

An application letter serves as your formal introduction to a potential employer. It highlights your interest in the role, your qualifications, and why you're a good fit for the position. It's a standalone document that provides a comprehensive overview of your skills and experiences.

On the other hand, a cover letter is usually more concise than an application letter and serves as a complementary document to your resume, providing additional context to your job application. It elaborates on specific points from your resume and explains how your background aligns with the job requirements.

Also, job application letters follow a more formal structure, often resembling a traditional business letter. They include your contact information, the date, and the employer’s contact information at the top. An application letter is usually addressed to a specific individual, such as the hiring manager or recruiter. While cover letters also have a professional tone, they can be less formal in structure.

Finally, the application letter is used primarily for job applications, internship applications, scholarship applications, and volunteer positions. In contrast, the cover letter is specifically used to accompany a resume during job applications.

When do you need to send an application letter?

Application letters are typically required when applying for jobs. However, there are other scenarios where you might need one:

• Scholarship applications: When applying for scholarships, this kind of letter can help you stand out by showcasing your academic achievements and career goals .
• Volunteer positions: Some volunteer organizations require an application letter to understand your motivations and skills relevant to the position.
• Internship applications: Internships often require this document to understand your interest in the role and what you hope to gain from the experience.
• Networking purposes: Sending one when reaching out to potential mentors or industry professionals can help you establish a connection and explain your career aspirations.

7 tips on how to write a job application letter

Writing an effective application letter involves more than just summarizing your resume. Here are seven tips to write yours:

1. Research the company—at least do a quick Google search!

Before you start writing, research the company to understand its culture, values, and needs. Tailor your letter to align with the company’s mission and the job description. There is nothing better for an HR professional than feeling that you don’t just want any job; you want to work with them for specific reasons, such as X and Y.

“Address the letter to the hiring manager by name if possible,” says Mike Chappell, CEO of FormsPal , who has more than a decade of experience reviewing application letters. “This shows that you’ve done your research and are genuinely interested in the company.”

2. Use a professional format and design

Your application letter should follow a formal letter of application format. Use a standard font like Times New Roman or Arial, and keep the font size between 10 and 12 points. Include your contact information, the date, and the employer’s contact information at the top of the letter.

There are many layouts online that you can use. Find one that represents your style and complements your resume.

3. Make it engaging from the start with a strong opening

Your opening paragraph should grab the reader’s attention. Mention the position you're applying for and where you found the job listing. If you were referred by someone, include their name. Briefly introduce yourself and explain why you’re interested in the role.

4. Highlight your qualifications—what you can’t fully convey in your resume

In the body of your applicant letter, highlight your relevant skills, experiences, and achievements. “Use specific examples to showcase your accomplishments and how they relate to the job you’re applying for,” Chappell says. “ Quantifiable results can make a strong impact.”

Avoid repeating information from your resume; instead, expand on your most relevant experiences.

5. Show enthusiasm and genuine interest

Employers want to hire candidates who are enthusiastic about the role and the company. Show your excitement for the opportunity. Explain why you are specifically interested in this job and how it aligns with your career goals.

6. Keep it concise

While it’s important to provide enough detail, your application letter should be concise. Aim for one page, with three to four paragraphs. Be clear and to the point, avoiding unnecessary fluff.

7. Proofread carefully

Typos and grammatical errors can leave a negative impression on employers. Carefully proofread your letter before sending it. Consider asking another person to review it as well.

Letter of application sample

Here's a super complete example of application letter to help you get started:

August 1, 2024

Ms. Jane Doe

Hiring Manager

Innovative Solutions Inc.

456 Maple Avenue

Springfield, IL 62705

Dear Ms. Doe,

I am writing to express my interest in the Marketing Manager position at Innovative Solutions Inc., as advertised on your company’s careers page. With more than five years of experience in marketing and a proven track record of successful campaigns, I am excited about the opportunity to contribute to your team and drive impactful marketing strategies.

In my previous role as a Senior Marketing Specialist at Creative Solutions LLC, I led a team in developing and executing a comprehensive marketing strategy that resulted in a 30% increase in brand awareness and a 25% boost in lead generation. My responsibilities included overseeing digital marketing campaigns, analyzing market trends, and coordinating with cross-functional teams to ensure alignment with overall business goals. This experience has honed my skills in strategic planning, data analysis, and team leadership.

I am particularly impressed by Innovative Solutions Inc.’s commitment to leveraging cutting-edge technology to deliver innovative marketing solutions. Your recent campaign, which utilized artificial intelligence to optimize ad targeting, is a testament to your forward-thinking approach. I am eager to bring my expertise in digital marketing and campaign management to your team and contribute to similar groundbreaking projects.

My strong analytical skills, combined with my ability to lead and inspire a team, make me a great fit for this role. I am confident that my background and enthusiasm for innovative marketing strategies align well with the needs of Innovative Solutions Inc.

Thank you for considering my application. I look forward to the opportunity to discuss how my skills and experiences can contribute to the continued success of Innovative Solutions Inc.

123 Elm Street

Springfield, IL 62704

[email protected]

(555) 123-4567

Template for an application letter

You can also use the following application format to structure your application letter for a job:

[Recipient’s name]

[Company’s name]

[Company’s address]

[City, State, ZIP Code]

Dear [Recipient’s name],

I am writing to express my interest in the [Job title] position at [Company name] as advertised on [Where you found the job listing]. With my background in [Field or industry] and a passion for [Specific aspect of the job or industry], I am excited about the opportunity to contribute to your team.

In my previous role at [Previous company], I developed [Specific skills or achievements]. I successfully [Describe a project or responsibility], which resulted in [Quantifiable result or achievement]. This experience has equipped me with [Relevant skills] that I am eager to bring to [Company name].

I am particularly impressed by [Company name]’s commitment to [Specific company initiative or value], and I am enthusiastic about the prospect of working with a team that values [Related value or skill]. I am confident that my skills and experiences align well with the requirements of the [Job title] position.

Thank you for considering my application. I look forward to the opportunity to discuss how my background, skills, and enthusiasm can contribute to the success of [Company Name].

[Your Name]

[Your address]

[Your email address]

[Your phone number]

Common mistakes to avoid

When writing a letter of application for employment, be aware of these common mistakes:

• Being too generic: Focus your letter on the specific job and company, and mention detailed information about them. Don’t default to a one-size-fits-all approach or AI-written document. “It is generally best to avoid using generative AI to write your application letters for you,” says Edward Tian, CEO of AI detector GPTZero . “Only you can write about those specific aspects of your identity and experiences in such a personal way.”
• Focusing too much on yourself: While it’s important to highlight your qualifications, make sure to explain how you can benefit the company. “You can talk about your career goals, college classes that piqued your interest in the type of job you're applying to—just make sure that they tie into why they make you uniquely qualified or well-positioned for the job,” Tian says.
• Including irrelevant information: Avoid discussing unrelated jobs or hobbies, for example.
• Using a casual tone: Maintain a professional tone throughout your letter. Avoid slang or overly casual language.

Need a bit more guidance in your job search? Read this next: How to Apply for a Job Online: 10 Tips to Stand Out and Land an Interview