political instability in pakistan essay 200 words

Political Instability in Pakistan: Causes, Impacts, and Remedies

• Syed Muhammad Hamza
• March 26, 2022
• Daily Write-Ups , Opinions , Pakistan's Domestic Affairs , Pakistani Society
• 47857 Views

Political Instability in Pakistan: Causes, Impacts, and Remedies | Best for CSS, PMS Current Affairs, Pakistan Affairs, and Essay Papers

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Introduction:

Unfortunately, in Pakistan, the political instability has proved itself detrimental to the socio-economic health of the country. Its impacts:

• Destroying national integrity
• Halting economic growth and burgeoning terrorism can be mitigated by enforcing constitutional laws
• Building the concept of national integrity
• Conducting transparent elections in the state

2- CURRENT SITUATION 

• Killing the national integrity
• Escalating terrorism and extremism 
• Decreasing Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)
• Declining the healthy political environment  
• The centralization of power
• The trend of family leadership
• The, nearly, three decades of dictatorship
• An aggressive style of politics

5- REMEDIES

• To conduct transparent and unbiased elections
• To build the concept of national integrity
• To work mutually for the betterment of Pakistan
• To enforce constitutional laws in the true sense 
• To encourage public participation 

6- CRITICAL ANALYSIS 

7- CONCLUSION

Answer to the Question

Introduction

Undoubtedly, political instability has caused great havoc around the globe. It jolts a state socially, politically, and, most importantly, economically. Similarly, Pakistan has faced several issues because of political instability. Where it hampered the state’s political environment, it has stricken its economy. The decline of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has been the most significant impact on the economic arena of the polity. Moreover, it has also emerged as a terrible weapon to kill the concept of national integrity. However, several factors are pushing Pakistan towards political instability:

• The regimes of dictatorship
• The aggressive style of leadership

Nevertheless, to mitigate the political instability in Pakistan, conducting transparent elections, working mutually for the betterment of Pakistan by the political parties, enforcing constitutional laws, and encouraging the active role of the public would be immensely helpful. This answer discusses the causes and impacts of the malice and recommends the measures required to eradicate it. 

At present, the issue of political instability has become a matter of grave concern for Pakistan. It manifests in multiple ways across the country, including widespread political corruption, nepotism, cronyism and abuse of power. As a result, it has cast dire consequences on the state’s social, political, and economic peace. For instance, the recent formation of the Pakistan Democratic Movement has created great havoc across the state. Moreover, the threat of “sit-ins and the march towards the parliament” has disturbed political peace and economic development. Thus, the government has to find a way of positive political settlement.  

The political instability has curbed Pakistan’s progress socially, politically, and economically. With the rise of political instability, political polarization has prevailed intensely amongst the political parties. As a matter of fact, when various parties with different slogans step into politics for their vested interests, the concept of national integrity starts to vanish. Since Pakistan is composed of multiple ethnic, linguistic, and religious groups, the element of national integrity has been a dream for Pakistanis. Taking advantage of the situation, anti-Pakistani agencies exploit the situation to spread terrorism and extremism. As a consequence of terrorism and extremism, the country’s economy receives a fragile inflow of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI); thus, the state’s economy suffers badly. Nonetheless, the political instability also bred a volatile political environment in the state on the basis of the undemocratic practices. Thus, political stability has laden the state in several ways.    

Pakistan has suffered political instability for several decades. There are multiple reasons behind the menace. First, the duel of power between the federal and provincial governments has been the paramount reason. It has been the dominant reason behind the political riots and inefficient governing system that always fails to implement laws within the appropriate time. Second, the trend of family leadership has distorted the political fabric of the state. Third, for several decades, Pakistan has witnessed the leadership of three major parties: Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP), Pakistan Muslim League Nawaz (PML– N), and Pakistan Tehreek Insaaf (PTI). Despite multiple failures of the political parties to uplift Pakistan, ruling the country more than once reflects the perpetual power game played secretly by the nation. Moreover, for around thirty years, the regimes of dictatorship have haphazard the political system of Pakistan. As a result, the civil-military relationship has been fragile and incompetent. Nevertheless, the aggressive style of politics has also ruined the state’s political stability. Revoking the nation’s emotions in the name of caste, creed, and religion to gather votes has been common. 

To fix the issue, Pakistan must ensure a transparent election system. By implementing transparency, the true elected political party could get a chance to serve the country. Moreover, this may also help to end dynastic politics. Additionally, building unity and national integrity concepts amongst the public may help set aside ethnic and linguistic differences so that the political leaders don’t further exploit the nation for their political interests. National integrity in the state would push the political parties to work in favour of the state. Moreover, the enforcement of constitutional law in a true spirit and adequately working government can turn the tide and put the country on the right track. Similarly, encouraging public participation may help pluck the country out of the political darkness. The active role of the public in politics would hold politicians accountable for each immature and self-interest policy. As a result, the political parties would restrain themselves from skipping the pro-state attitude. Thus, the abovementioned steps may help the country eradicate political instability.  

Nothing hurts a country’s socio-economic fabric the way political instability does. Unfortunately, Pakistan being a democratic country, has witnessed a large number of events of political instability. As a matter of fact, the country has perceived the martial-law for around three decades, giving a huge blow to the democratic system of the polity. Moreover, the inadequate and vulnerable civil-military relationship has led the country to political instability. Thus, political instability is one of the factors behind the stagnant growth of Pakistan in the social, political, and economic arenas.

Distorting the national integrity, escalating terrorism and extremism, decreasing Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), and declining the political health of the state are some disturbing impacts of political instability. Moreover, it has robbed the nation’s bright future and has pushed the state to the brink of implosion. However, conducting transparent and unbiased elections, building the concept of national integrity, enforcing constitutional laws in a true sense and encouraging public participation may turn helpful for controlling the issue. Moreover, each political party must follow a positive and pro-state attitude while dealing with the country’s political matters.  

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Political Instability in Pakistan: Issues, Challenges, and Way forward

The following article is written by Anam Saba , a student of Sir Syed Kazim Ali . Moreover, the article is written on the same pattern, taught by Sir Kazim to his students, scoring the highest marks in compulsory subjects for years. Therefore, to help thousands of CSS and PMS aspirants, we have uploaded this article so they can understand how to crack a topic or a question, how to write relevantly, what coherence is, and how to include and connect ideas, opinions, and suggestions to score the maximum.

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  Nothing hurts the world socially, economically, politically, and technologically the way political instability does. It not only hinders economic progress but also distorts the social fabric of a nation. Political stability is indispensable for the prosperity of a nation. Progressive political reforms ensure stability, peace and a thriving human culture. Political stability is the backbone of a nation. It is a fact that the reason for a country’s progress is not its economy; however, it is the political leadership that makes a country prosper and succeed. In the present world, only those countries lag socially, politically and economically, which neglects the importance of prudent political leadership. As a matter of fact, unlike many other developing countries, the economic growth in Pakistan has remained stagnant. Despite having the world’s best canal system, profitable geo-strategic location, and a lot of unexplored natural resources, the leadership has failed to deliver. Pakistan has experienced rising poverty and a shrinking economy for various political leadership reasons, such as fragmented leadership, inefficient political parties, and dysfunction of the federal system. Consequently, the country has faced multiple challenges of a lingering economy, lowering foreign direct investment, and rising inflation. Through the collaborated efforts of government, opposition, public parts and political will, soon Pakistan will surely make its way to the heights of development and prosperity.

“There is no stability without solidarity and no solidarity without stability.”

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  Currently,  the politicians are more interested in blame games, with the opposition, instead of introducing some unique and good strategies to improve the governance structure in Pakistan. Shortly, the power lust of politicians overpowered the country’s national interest. Nonetheless, collaborated efforts on government, opposition, and public parts are imperative to root out all undemocratic traits to make the country’s political culture consensual.

Table of Contents

There are many factors calling forth the political instability in Pakistan, but some prominent causes are given here.

First,  national disintegration is the fundamental one in this regard. In Pakistan, a multi-ethnic society, political instability is more severe due to people of diverse cultural attributes. Additionally, being a part of a multi-ethnic society, all sections of society do not get their due shares and are unsatisfied and powerless, lose their trust in institutions, and they prefer their interests in front of the state, and ultimately society leads to a split.

Second,  political instability in the context of the identity and legitimacy crisis in Pakistan has escalated mainly due to the effects of increasing socio-political mobilization and the extravagant and disorganized role of civil and military bureaucracy, which has prejudiced the whole political order of the country. Moreover, due to the splitting of the institutions of leadership into the levels of ethnic, religious, and provincial, the legitimacy and identity crisis started and, by the passage of time, gained momentum, and the theme of national leadership was lost in these various leadership levels. Consequently, the fragmentation in the administration gave birth to the crisis of identity and legitimacy and aggravated it daily.

Third,  the inefficient role and weak political organization of political parties in Pakistan are also major contributing factors to the political instability in the country. Moreover, this vulnerable organization and inefficiency of the political parties pave the way for a coalition of governments. Thus, each government exerts their whole energy to maintain the coalition setup and remains under continuous pressure from its partners. In this way, it affects policy-making in both internal and external arenas and hinders the successful implementation of domestic and foreign policy, which requires strong support from people. Resultantly, the inefficiency of political parties does not provide a platform; instead, they split and exploit public opinion for their interest. Moreover, due to a lack of education, people do not have any clear choice among the same parties, and they cannot use their political rights; therefore, they do not depend on old parties and make a party of their own.

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Last but not least,  the dysfunction of the federal system is also a significant factor that worsened the political instability in the country. Moreover, due to faults in the maintenance of the federal system, the people of various cultures exerted to obtain a separate homeland where they could live according to their cultural norms and prosper.

“The murder of Pakistan’s first prime minister heralded the imminent derailment of the political process and the onset of a brutal political culture of assassinations, sustained by the state’s direct or indirect complicity.” Ayesha Jalal

Following are the major challenges, highlighting the severity of political instability in Pakistan.

It is a fact that political stability and economic growth are closely interlinked. On the one hand, political instability may decrease investment, ultimately slowing economic development. On the other hand, a financial crisis may lead to political unrest and government failure or downfall. In addition, political instability also discourages foreign direct investment because social unrest and political turmoil discourage investors, which decreases economic growth.

Moreover, political instability also flourishes corruption. It causes uncertainty in the country, weakens the institutions, and weak institutions are a crucial factor in enabling corruption due to low checks and balances on institutions. Moreover, if a country is politically unstable, the short-term decision-making increases the likelihood of corruption.

Furthermore, political instability is prevailing mistrust in society because it splits society on various grounds. Due to the dissatisfaction of all sections of society with the actions of governments, the situation of mistrust prevails and escalates daily. Consequently, personal interests overcome national interests, making the country more vulnerable to internal and external negative forces.

Last but not least, rising inflation and unemployment is also undesirable and detrimental to the country’s political instability, creating social unrest and uncertainty among the masses. This unrest may lead to violence against government policies. Likewise, the reduction in investments decreases economic growth. As a result, the weak government fulfils the demand for public expenditure through inflation taxes.

“My biggest challenge is how we can improve state institutions and governance, so we can tap our potential.” Imran Khan

Way forwards

The following  measures  may enhance political stability in Pakistan. To enhance the quality and stability of political system in Pakistan, quality education is a crucial factor that helps the effective implementation of the national policy on education by adequate provision of resources. Moreover, sincere and patriotic leadership is necessary to improve the political stability in the country because sincere leadership provides all basic requirements to their citizens. Furthermore, the state’s prosperity, stability, and economy are interlinked with the strength of the political system. So, a stable political system is a cure for all possible challenges that arise from political instability. In addition, the solution to political instability can be achieved by solving the institutions’ legitimacy and the ruler’s personal legitimacy. Lastly, building trust among provinces is also essential to overcome the instability issue in the country. In this regard, political parties should adopt a positive approach to the national interest.

Critical Analysis

To analyze critically, political instability has become a severe problem in developing countries, especially in Pakistan. It is disturbing the social fabric of the nation and delaying its development. Political instability hinders keeping society united and maintaining legitimacy within the state. The imposing tower of the issue, which today rests in the heart of Pakistan, has its sole foundation in the absence of a stable political system. In a nutshell, there is a dire need for solid determination and political will to strengthen the political system.

In a nutshell, the prevalent political instability issue in Pakistan has eroded the socio-economic fabric, leaving the country into social, political, and economic turmoil. It gives a death blow to Pakistan’s economy. Although the suggested measures cannot bring change overnight, the challenge must be accepted. Progress will likely be frustratingly slow, but these steps will ensure accelerated and visible improvement if appropriately executed.

“Pakistan’s future viability, stability and security lie in empowering its people and building political institutions. My goal is to prove that the fundamental battle for the hearts and minds of a generation can be accomplished only under democracy.” Benazir Bhutto

About The Author

Anam Saba is a student of Sir Syed Kazim Ali. . She is Pakistan’s youngest blogger, reviewer, and writer. She loves writing reviews, blogs, and articles on various topics: current affairs, technology, everyday science, history, clothing, and entertainment. Moreover, she writes honest reviews about different clothing brands. Due to her unique writing style, she has been followed by thousands of youngsters in Pakistan. Additionally, she helps competitive aspirants in their studies and exam preparation. Apart from this, she has been engaged in writing articles and blogs on various topics to help her readers always know the best.

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About the author

Anam Saba is a student of Sir Syed Kazim Ali.. She is Pakistan’s youngest blogger, reviewer, and writer. She loves writing reviews, blogs, and articles on various topics: current affairs, technology, everyday science, history, clothing, and entertainment. Moreover, she writes honest reviews about different clothing brands. Due to her unique writing style, she has been followed by thousands of youngsters in Pakistan. Additionally, she helps competitive aspirants in their studies and exam preparation. Apart from this, she has been engaged in writing articles and blogs on various topics to help her readers always know the best.

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