fun experiments in freezing weather

Frozen Family Fun: Try These Cold-Weather Science Experiments

Record-cold temperatures sweeping across parts of the Midwest, East Coast and Southeast likely have many shuttered indoors with the heat cranked up. Lengthy stints inside can be a recipe for cabin fever.

For those looking to keep their kiddos occupied and have chill family time, there's a way to use the extreme cold for some entertainment (and sneak in a little science education, too). Here, LiveScience has rounded up a few fun experiments that can be done with just a little time outdoors (make sure to bundle up!), from making frozen soap bubbles to creating your own colorful snow. (There are also some experiments to make sure the little ones  don't  try.) 

Frozen bubbles

Kids love bubbles. And while summer is typically the time to crack open a bottle of bubbles, there's a way to make them work in the winter. If it's cold enough outside ( Steve Spangler Science  recommends temperatures below freezing, though he says the colder it is the better), you can make the bubbles freeze. The trick is to blow them up in the air so that they have time to freeze before hitting the ground or another surface. The bubbles will form crystalline patterns and some might break, looking a bit like the shell of a cracked egg. Don't have any bubble solution handy? The post also has a simple homemade recipe. [ See More Science Experiments for Kids ]

Maple syrup candy

Do just like Half Pint did in the "Little House on the Prairie" books and make your own maple syrup candy. Just heat butter and syrup together, according to this recipe , and after it cools, you can pour it onto fresh snow and it will harden into something like maple taffy. Yum!

Magic balloons

Okay, so maybe they're not magic, but they will seem that way to the kids, and this one is quite easy. Just inflate a balloon and and tie the end, then stick it outside and watch it deflate. Bring it back inside to warm up and watch it re-inflate. (This is a nice lesson in how the volume of a gas, in this case, air, changes with temperature, shrinking in the cold, as its density increases, and expanding in the heat, as its density decreases.)

Make your own snow

This one is for those of you experiencing really cold temperatures. Meteorologist Eric Holthaus demonstrates it nicely in a video posted to Youtube : If it's cold enough outside, you can take some boiling water throw it up in the air (make sure it will blow away from you), and it will freeze into snow. When Holthaus did his experiment in Viroqua, Wisconsin, it was minus 21 degrees Fahrenheit (minus 29 degrees Celsius) with a wind chill of minus 51 degrees F (minus 46 degrees C).

Don't run outside with a bowl of super-hot water just yet. Yes, the water will surely freeze into snow (temperatures are in the single digits and below in many spots), but before it does so some of the scalding water could burn your kid's skin.

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In a YouTube video posted Jan. 6, 2014, a Chicago man threw a pot of boiling water off his balcony, with some of the hot water landing on his girlfriend and him. In that same year, news reports suggest that some 50 people burned themselves with the icy experiment. 

How does water turn into snow  in the first place? Colder air holds less water vapor than warmer air, while the boiling water is giving off lots of water vapor (that's the steam you see rising from the pot). When the hot water is thrown into the cold air, the air gets more water vapor than it can hold, Mark Seeley, a climatologist at the University of Minnesota, explained previously to Live Science, so the water vapor clings to tiny particles in the air, crystallizing into snow. Seeley said the air must be quite cold to attempt this one, somewhere in the region of minus 30 degrees F (minus 34 degrees C) or lower.

On Dec. 28, 2017, atop Mount Washington in New Hampshire, where temperatures dropped to minus 31 degrees F (minus 35 degrees C), weather observer Adam Gill, of Mount Washington Observatory, carried out the snow-making trick, with the boiling water immediately freezing into crystals and rushing away in hurricane-force winds, according to a video of the experiment on Facebook .  

Do NOT try this at home

One "experiment" to make sure the kids don't attempt is triple-dog daring anyone into sticking their tongue to that frozen flagpole. Maddie Gilmartin, 12, of East Kingston, N.H., gave this one a try and, sure enough, her tongue was frozen to the pole, as the New York Daily News notes . Her parents tried to blow warm air on her tongue and douse it with warm water to get it unstuck, but to no avail. Eventually the paramedics were able to free her; and her tongue is expected to recover, though it could take up to six months for the swelling to go down.

Why does this happen? The tongue is warm, and when it touches the frigid pole , the pole saps that warmth and cools the tongue, causing the body to send more heat to the cooled area. But the high thermal conductivity of the metal pole means it sucks up that warmth faster than the body can resupply it to the tongue. The upshot: The moisture on the tongue freezes in the pores of the tongue and the metal and, voila, you're stuck.

Editor's Note: This article was first published in 2014 and updated in 2017.

Original article on LiveScience .

Andrea Thompson is an associate editor at Scientific American, where she covers sustainability, energy and the environment. Prior to that, she was a senior writer covering climate science at Climate Central and a reporter and editor at Live Science, where she primarily covered Earth science and the environment. She holds a graduate degree in science health and environmental reporting from New York University, as well as a bachelor of science and and masters of science in atmospheric chemistry from the Georgia Institute of Technology.

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50 of the Coolest Winter Science Experiments and Activities

The weather outside may be frightful, but these projects are so delightful.

Winter means shorter days, colder temperatures, and lots of ice and snow. That means it’s time for experiments that you can only do in winter! These experiments and activities are perfect for keeping kids busy and learning all winter long. No snow where you live? No worries! You can still do most of these winter science experiments and activities with a freezer or some fake snow instead.

1. Study the science of snowflakes

Did you know that every snowflake has six sides? Or that snowflakes form from water vapor, not raindrops? There’s lots to learn about the science of snowflakes.

Learn more: What Is Snow? How Does It Form? (Free Google Slides Lesson + Printable Worksheets)

2. Grow the Grinch’s heart

To begin, grab a green balloon and use a red Sharpie to make a heart on it, then fill the balloon with a few teaspoons of baking soda. Then, fill a water bottle with vinegar. Finally, put the end of your balloon over the water bottle and watch the Grinch’s heart grow!

Learn more: Grow the Grinch’s Heart activity at Creative Family Fun

3. Weigh and compare snow

This is a simple but effective way to get kids thinking. Scoop up two cups of snow and weigh them. Are they the same? If not, why? Allow the snow to melt. Does it weigh the same? So many questions from such a simple experiment!

Learn more: Weighing Snow activity at Inspiration Laboratories

4. Determine how weather affects snow textures

Anyone who sees a lot of snow every winter knows there are many different kinds—heavy wet snow, dry powdery snow, and so on. Older students will enjoy this winter science project that tracks atmospheric conditions to find out how we get different types of snow.

Learn more: Snow Science activity at Science Buddies

5. Make candy cane slime!

A little bit of everything, including glue and shaving cream, goes into this fun, candy cane–colored slime. We especially love the idea of adding a little bit of peppermint extract or candy cane fragrance oil for a pleasant scent! ADVERTISEMENT

Learn more: Candy Cane slime at Kimspired DIY

6. Discover the beauty of frozen bubbles

Bubble experiments are always fun, but frozen bubbles add a whole new dimension of beauty. Take your class outside to blow bubbles when the temps are below freezing, and watch the magic happen! (No freezing temperatures where you live? The link below offers tips for trying this with dry ice.)

Learn more: Frozen Bubbles at ThoughtCo

7. Find out how penguins stay dry

It seems like penguins should freeze solid when they get out of the water, right? So what protects their feathers and keeps them dry? Find out with this fun experiment using wax crayons.

Learn more: Penguin activity at ABCs of Literacy

8. Make a beautiful watercolor ice painting

This is a fairly simple experiment that yields really big results! Grab some watercolor paint and paper, an ice tray, and some small metal objects, then get started.

Learn more: Magnetic ice painting at Sparkling Buds

9. Waterproof a boot

Now that you know how penguins stay dry, can you apply that knowledge to a boot? Ask kids to select various materials and tape them over the free boot printable. Then, test their hypotheses and see which ones work best.

Learn more: Waterproof a boot at Science Sparks

10. Learn about condensation and frost

Use snow or ice cubes for this winter science experiment that explores condensation and the formation of frost. All you need are some metal cans and salt.

Learn more: Condensation experiment at STEAMsational

11. Crush a can with air

Scoop up some snow and bring it inside to use for this air-pressure experiment. (Use caution, because you’ll need boiling water too.)

Learn more: Crushing cans at Frugal Fun for Boys and Girls

12. Erupt a snow volcano

Take the classic baking soda volcano experiment and add snow! Kids learn about acids and bases with this popular winter science project.

Learn more: Snow volcano at Science Sparks

13. Grow your own polar bear

This is such a fun and easy winter science experiment that will certainly be a hit in your classroom. All you need is a cup of fresh water, a cup of salt water, a cup of vinegar, a cup of baking soda, and some gummy bears. (Be sure to have extra gummy bears on hand in case your little scientists get hungry.)

Learn more: Grow Your Own Polar Bear activity at The Sprinkle Topped Teacher

14. Explore how mittens keep you warm

Ask little ones if mittens are warm, and they’ll likely answer “yes!” But when they measure the temperature inside an empty mitten, they’ll be surprised by what they find. Learn about body heat and insulation with this easy experiment.

Learn more: Mitten experiment at Classroom Magic

15. Don’t melt the ice

We spend a lot of time in winter trying to get rid of ice, but what about when you don’t want the ice to melt? Experiment with different forms of insulation to see which keeps ice frozen the longest.

Learn more: Ice insulation experiment at Frugal Fun for Boys and Girls

16. String up some sticky ice

Can you lift an ice cube using just a piece of string? This experiment teaches you how, using a little salt to melt and then refreeze the ice with the string attached. Bonus project: Use this process to make a garland of colored ice stars (or other shapes) and hang them outside for decoration.

Learn more: Ice cube string activity at Playdough to Plato

17. Construct an igloo

Calling all future engineers! Freeze blocks of ice (milk cartons work well) and create a life-size igloo with your class. If this seems too ambitious, try a smaller version with ice cubes instead.

Learn more: Build an igloo at Science Buddies

18. Light up some snowmen with a simple circuit

Create a simple parallel circuit using a couple of play-dough snowmen, a few LEDs, and a battery pack. Kids will get a thrill out of seeing their snowmen light up!

Learn more: Light-Up Snowman experiment at Science Sparks

19. Measure the water content of snow

Two inches of snow is not the same as two inches of rain. This easy winter science experiment measures the amount of water actually found in an inch of snow.

Learn more: Snow measurement at KC Edventures With Kids

20. Experiment with candy canes

Experiment with how quickly candy canes dissolve in different temperatures of water. Keep some extras on hand since the temptation will likely be too much for your favorite scientists.

Learn more: Candy cane science at Inspirational Laboratories

21. Have fun with hockey science

A hockey puck slides effortlessly across the ice, but what about other objects? Gather up some classroom items and take them out to a frozen puddle to see which slide best.

Learn more: Hockey Science at Creative Family Fun

22. Determine the best way to melt ice

Conventional wisdom says we sprinkle salt on ice to melt it faster. But why? Is that really the best method? Try this winter science experiment and find out.

Learn more: Ice-Melting Experiment at The Chaos and the Clutter

23. Freeze oobleck

Kids love to play with the mysterious oobleck, a non-Newtonian liquid that becomes firm under pressure. Try freezing it to increase the fun factor and see how it reacts as it melts.

Learn more: Frozen Oobleck at Inspiration Laboratories

24. Make an ice lantern

We love that this STEM project also combines art and creativity since kids can freeze almost anything into their lanterns, from sequins to dried flowers.

Learn more: Ice Lantern activity at What I Have Learned Teaching

25. Watch wintertime birds

Winter is a great time to set up a bird feeder and observe our feathered friends. Learn to identify common backyard birds in your area and discover which foods they prefer. Take this winter science activity even further by signing up your class for Project FeederWatch , a citizen science project all about winter bird-watching.

Learn more: Winter bird-watching guide at The Lead Learner Mom

26. Play around with pine cones

Head out to the snowy woods and gather up some pine cones, then bring them inside and experiment to see what makes them open and release their seeds.

Learn more: Pine Cone Experiment at Lemon Lime Adventures

27. Conduct a winter nature study

There are so many natural wonders to study during the winter months! Measure temperatures, track the snowfall, look for animal prints—and that’s just a few ideas. Make winter nature study even easier with free printables at the link below.

Learn more: Winter nature study at Jimmie’s Collage

28. Find out how arctic animals stay warm

Grab some rubber gloves, zipper bags, and a can of shortening to learn how layers of fat help to insulate animals and keep them warm. Do this winter science experiment outside in the snow or inside with a bowl of cold water and ice cubes.

Learn more: Arctic animal experiment at Forgetful Momma

29. Add color to melting ice

In this colorful winter science activity, you’ll use salt to start the ice melting (it lowers the freezing point of water). Then, add pretty watercolors to see the ravines and crevices that form as the ice melts.

Learn more: How to make colorful ice at Artful Parent

30. Melt ice with pressure

There are plenty of experiments that melt ice with salt, but this one is a little different. Instead, it uses the heat produced by pressure to move a piece of wire through a block of ice.

Learn more: Ice-melting experimen t at KiwiCo

31. Melt a snowman

First, make a snowman out of baking soda and shaving cream. Then, fill droppers with vinegar. Finally, let your scientists take turns squirting the snowman and watching them fizz and melt.

Learn more: How To Make a Fizzy Snowman at 7 Days of Play

32. Make instant ice

Here’s a winter science experiment that seems more like a magic trick. Place a bottle of water in a bowl of ice (or snow) and rock salt. When you take it out, the water is still liquid—until you slam it against the counter and it freezes instantly! Find out how it works at the link below.

Learn more: Rock Salt Experiment at STEAMsational

33. Create rainbow ice towers

Once you master the instant ice trick, add some food coloring and see if you can create instant rainbow ice towers! The video above walks you through the process.

34. Paint salt snowflakes to learn about absorption

Salt painting is a cool way to learn about the process of absorption as well as color mixing. Simply mix salt with glue and make your snowflakes. Then drop colored water onto the salt and see it spread, drop by drop.

Learn more: Salt painting at Little Bins for Little Hands

35. Experiment with fake snow recipes

No snow where you live? You’ll just have to make your own! Try a variety of fake snow recipes and determine which makes the best batch.

Learn more: Fake Snow activity at The Homeschool Scientist

36. Build a crystal snowman

It wouldn’t be a winter science list without at least one crystal project, right? This adorable snowman version is a unique twist on the popular supersaturated solutions experiment. Get the how-to at the link below.

Learn more: Crystal snowman activity at The Science Kiddo

37. Cook up hot ice

Tired of frozen toes in the name of science? This experiment has ice in the name but will keep you warm and toasty. It’s essentially another kind of crystal project, but this one forms the crystals instantly, due to the way you cook up the solution.

Learn more: Hot ice experiment at Frugal Fun for Boys and Girls

38. Savor the sweetness of hot cocoa science

After all these ice-and-snow winter science projects, you deserve a reward. This hot cocoa experiment aims to find the optimal temperature for dissolving hot cocoa mix. Once you’ve found the answer, you get to sip on the delicious results!

Learn more: Hot Chocolate Science at Creative Family Fun

39. Excavate LEGO bricks from blocks of ice

Tell your students to imagine they are archaeologists, then have them freeze a favorite LEGO figure, or “fossil,” into a block of ice. Finally, ask them to carefully excavate the fossil from the glacier while keeping in mind the fragility of the fossil.

Learn more: LEGO ice block activity at Lemon Lime Adventures

40. Explode a snowman!

This is such a fun introduction to chemistry for preschoolers or early elementary-age students. Have your students decorate a ziplock bag to resemble a snowman’s face and then put 3 teaspoons of baking soda in a paper towel inside the bag. Finally, put 1 to 2 cups of distilled vinegar into the bag and have fun watching the reaction!

Learn more: Exploding Snowman experiment at 123 Homeschool 4 Me

41. Winter solstice challenge

The winter solstice, the shortest day of the year, provides a lot to teach in terms of the sun, shadows, the rotation of the Earth, and how humans celebrate. Teach students about the winter solstice with books like The Shortest Day by Susan Cooper, then have them create a model Stonehenge. Then, use a flashlight or other light to re-create what the structure looks like on the winter solstice and other days.

Check out Winter Solstice lessons at Little Bins for Little Hands

Buy it: The Shortest Day at Amazon

42. Catapult a snowman

This one starts out as fun and ends with serious science. Create a catapult using Popsicle sticks and rubber bands. Then, create a snowman out of a Ping-Pong ball and see how far you can catapult him. If you have snow, use the catapults to see how large of a snowball students can toss and how far each one goes.

Learn more: Snowman Catapult at Science Sparks

43. Construct a ski lift

In this engineering experiment, students create a ski lift using the concept of a pulley.

44. Discover why skis are as long as they are

In this activity, students will explore why skis are so long and how they work in snow. You’ll create a skier using an action figure and cardboard “skis.” Then you’ll place them into a plate full of snow.

Learn more: Why are skis so long? activity at Science Buddies

45. Make a thermometer

Figure out just how cold it is outside with a homemade thermometer. Make a few thermometers and take measurements in different areas—in the sun and in the shade, inside your garage or by the street. How does the temperature change and what factors influence the temperature?

46. Create a snowstorm in a jar

Combine things you probably already have around your classroom or house—baby oil, white paint, glitter, Alka-Seltzer, and food coloring—to create a snowstorm in a jar.

47. Discover how snowshoes work

Use a pan of “snow,” animal toys, and snowshoes that you create to show how snowshoes keep us above the snow. This teaches the concepts of resistance and weight distribution. When weight is distributed across a larger area, the snow holds you up. This experiment will be even better if you have enough snow on the ground to try this out yourself.

Learn more: How Snowshoes Work activity at Frugal Fun for Boys and Girls

48. Find out what causes an avalanche

Learn what creates avalanches and re-create an avalanche with this activity.

49. Learn about animal hibernation

Read a book like Bear Snores On by Karma Wilson and talk about hibernation. What do bears need to hibernate? Then, challenge students to create a cave using materials that you have in the classroom or at home.

Buy it: Bear Snores On at Amazon

50. Build an igloo

Use marshmallows and other materials to build an igloo. Talk about what shapes make a good igloo and why those shapes provide solid structures.

Stay safe while you’re learning outdoors! Get our best Tips, Tricks, and Lesson Ideas for Winter Outdoor Learning .

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11 Cold Weather Science Experiments To Try This Winter

I can’t believe we’re getting yet another massive blizzard, but alas, here we are. This time, though, I’m prepared — and not just with a stocked kitchen and extra blankets. I’m also armed against winter boredom with a whole slew of cold weather science experiments sure to keep the most irritated of snow sufferers entertained until spring finally arrives.

If you grew up somewhere prone to snow , you may have done one or more of these neat little experiments at some point in your childhood. Maybe you did them at school or during science class; maybe you had a creative or scientifically minded caregiver who showed you how to do them; or maybe your situation was something different — but the point is that, in addition to being cool, these kinds of activities can also scratch your nostalgia itch while you’re at it. And given that nostalgia is good for us and can help battle the gloomy sort of mood that can set in during the colder months — well, that’s even more of a reason to give them a shot, isn’t it?

The best part is, most of these projects don’t require much to pull off; odds are you’ve got the equipment to do at least a few of them already hanging around your home. So what are you waiting for? Bundle up, head outside, and let’s get cracking! (Safely, of course. Seriously, make sure you exercise basic precautions while performing these experiments. Safety first!)

1. Blow Some Soap Bubbles And Watch Them Freeze

Frozen bubbles might be the oldest one in the book, but it’s still a blast every. Single. Time. Or maybe that’s just me. Anyway, all you need to do is head outside with one of those little plastic wands and some bubble solution (heat it up first for some extra oomph), and blow away! If you don’t have any bubble solution on hand, it’s easy to make your own bubble solution by mixing together two cups of water, half a cup of dish soap, and two teaspoons of sugar.

2. Debunk The "Fake Snow" Claims

A lot of rumors have been circulating lately about whether the snow is "real" or if it's "fake" and "poisoned" (yikes!). Why? Because you take a lighter to it, it seems to burn rather than melt, turning black and giving off a weird smell — hence the belief that it's made of plastic or something. Here’s what’s actually going on: The snow is, in fact, melting, but because it’s loose and fluffy, the water wicks away as it melts . This turns dry snow first into wet snow, then into slush. The snow blackens due to soot from the lighter, not because the snow is burning; the lighter is also the source of the weird smell. But hey, why not give it a shot yourself? Just be careful, what with the whole "fire indoors" thing and all.

3. Kill A Balloon — Then Bring It Back To Life

Disclaimer: This one is my favorite. First, inflate a balloon while you’re nice and toasty warm inside. Then take it outside. Oh noes! What’s happening to your poor balloon? Why is it deflating? Has it breathed its last breath?! Not so much — promise. Bring it back indoors...and watch it magically come back to life! Here’s how it works: The air inside the balloon shrinks and expands as it decreases and increases in density (it's a gas, after all). When it’s inside and warm, the gas is at a lower density; bringing it outside into the cold increases the density, making it look like your balloon is dying. Bringing it back into the warmth reverses the effect.

4. Make An Instant Slurpee

Take a two-liter bottle of your favorite soda and leave it out in the snow for about four hours. Then retrieve it and twist off the cap. Opening the bottle unleashes a chain reaction that leads to the formation of ice crystals, turning the soda into an instant Slurpee . Yum!

5. Turn A Banana Into A Hammer

No hammer? No problem! Hang a banana outside for a few hours; after it's been out there long enough, it'll freeze solid — solid enough for you to be able to hammer actual nails with it. You can also do freeze the banana in liquid nitrogen, but I don’t know many people who regularly keep liquid nitrogen around their homes. Except maybe for this guy , and well… we all know how that turned out. (Safety note: Don't try to freeze a banana with liquid nitrogen.)

6. Make An Ice Thrower

Who needs a flame thrower when you’ve got an ice thrower instead? Fill a Super Soaker with boiling water, then shoot it out into the cold. When very hot water meets very cold air , the water vaporizes, turning it into ice crystals — essentially, homemade snow. Generally this experiment only works when it’s below zero, so if you live in, say, Minnesota, you're good to go. You can also do it by tossing a pot of boiling water into the air, but be careful — this method could result in some major ouchies . (Again, safety note: Be careful!)

7. Freeze-Fry An Egg

I wouldn’t recommend actually eating it, but leaving a frying pan outside for about fifteen minutes before cracking an egg into it results in something resembling breakfast. Gross? A little. Cool? Definitely.

8. Go Watermelon Bowling

First, the pins: Fill a bunch of empty soda bottles with water and a few drops of food coloring before letting them freeze outside. Then make your bowling ball: Use a sharpie to mark a mini seedless watermelon with where your finger holes need to go. Carve out the finger holes with a knife, take the watermelon outside , and set it near your pins. Once everything has frozen solid, set the pins up in your driveway, grab a few friends, and see who can bowl the most strikes.

9. Make Some Maple Syrup Taffy

Bring some maple syrup to a boil, but don’t stir it while you’re heating it up. Once it’s reached 234 degrees Fahrenheit, bring the pot of molten maple goodness outside and pour it onto a clean expanse of snow. Then stick a popsicle stick into one end and roll it along the snow, rolling the hardening maple syrup as you go. Delish!

10. Make A Magic Shell Globe

Smuckers Magic Shell , $9, Amazon

Smuckers Magic Shell ice cream topping is primarily coconut oil, which melts at 74 degrees Fahrenheit. Make a snowball, coat it with Magic Shell , then poke a hole in it and let the water drain out as the water melts. Water melts above 32 F, so as long as the temperature is below 65 F, you should be left with a hollow replica of the shape, but made entirely of chocolate. Next step? Eat it.

11. Go Sledding On A Frozen Towel

When I was in college, we used to take the trays from the dining hall and go sledding on them when it snowed. I wish I’d known about this frozen towel trick then, though, because the trays definitely didn’t work as well as we thought they should have. To make your own sled , soak a towel you don’t care much about in water and let it freeze flat overnight. The next day, it should be rock solid. Take it to your favorite hill and recapture your childhood. Ah, nostalgia!

This article was originally published on Feb. 13, 2014

20 Must-Try Winter Science Experiments for Kids

It’s almost WINTER! Dropping temperatures, holidays, and changes in the weather mean there are lots of opportunities to explore some new and exciting science experiments. If you are a regular here, you know just how much  we love science . For us, winter is an awesome time to do some of the  science experiments for kids  we have been putting on our to do list all year. If you are looking for  inexpensive, easy projects  that are great for winter, you have come to the right place!

Nothing says winter more than cold and icy experiments. I am in love with this collection of science experiments and can’t wait to share them with you! I think you are going to love them, share them and pin them so you don’t lose them. I know I did!

Okay, let’s get started.

Winter Science Experiments that Explain the Why Behind the Dinners

Winter if full of holiday parties, dinners and guests. Why not take that excitement and meal prep as a time to dig into a little science? I love these dinner science experiments that are perfect for any age child.

Making Butter | Mama Smiles Blog  The Science Behind the Cranberries | Stir the Wonder The Biology Of Bread | Left Brain Craft Brain

Winter Science Experiments That Teach Freezing and Changes in States of Matter

Since the beginning of the week, my boys have been noticing and observing the forming icicles out the window each morning. There is something so incredibly magical and fascinating with the changing of matter into a solid form (like ice) for children. These science experiments are the perfect way to observe and even create ice for young children to explore.

Make Ice Grow | Teach Preschool Snow Storm in a Jar | Growing a Jeweled Rose Frozen Bubbles | Housing a Forest Snow and Water Experiments | Inspiration Laboratories

 Winter Science Experiments That Teach Melting and Change Over Time

If you are going to grow ice, freeze bubbles, and experiment with snow… you might as well melt it too! Learning about change over time can be fun and easy with these simple yet stunning winter science experiments with ice.

Lego Ice Excavations | Lemon Lime Adventures Icy Hands Melting Experiment | Happy Hooligans Simple Ice Melt | Inner Child Fun Beautiful Melting Ice Science with Watercolors | Artful Parent

You might also like these awesome  winter science activities for preschoolers … Ice Stacking STEM Challenge for Preschoolers .

Winter Science Experiments that Explore Chemistry

These science experiments have to be my favorites! I absolutely love the crystal formations and watching the reaction of two items in the other experiments. I can’t wait to try some of these with the boys.

Snow Volcano | Science Sparks Hot Chocolate Science | Fantastic Fun and Learning Christmas Tree Crystals | We Made That Candy Cane Experiment | Confidence Meets Parenting Crystal Suncatcher Science | Babble Dabble Do Dancing Candy Canes | Inspiration Laboratories

Winter Science Experiments that Explore Natural and Life Science

Pines, Spruce, and evergreens are a sign of the season. What better way to dig into science than to head outside and find nature to explore. I love the simplicity behind these experiments and the scientific principles behind the explorations.

Pinecone Science | Lemon Lime Adventures Christmas Tree Explorations | Inspiration Laboratories Blubber Experiment | Frugal Fun 4 Boys Evergreen Science | Lemon Lime Adventures

More Winter Ideas for Fun and Learning

More science experiments for kids, are you ready for more science fun, time for saturday science blog hop, visit these great bloggers for more fun saturday science experiments too.

Popsicle Stick Catapults STEM Activity from Little Bins For Little Hands

Why Does Salt Melt Ice? from The Science Kiddo

Leaf Number Hunt & Match from Stir the Wonder

Looking for more Winter Science Experiments and STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts and Math) projects for inspiration?

Check out my new book STEAM Kids Christmas and get a FREE STEAM Kids Coloring book  if you buy during launch week!

Get more information on STEAM Kids Christmas by clicking here . Or go order your copy now! eBook PDF or Paperback  

You can also get a bundle with our best selling STEAM Kids book, STEAM Christmas and STEAM Kids Coloring book for one low price: Click here to get your bundle today !

Not quite ready to jump in, don’t worry… you can hop over and grab a FREE Preview which includes 2 sample activities, 6 sample challenge cards, and the table of contents of the book! 

Don’t Forget to Check Out The Other Must Try Science Experiments

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28 thoughts on “20 Must-Try Winter Science Experiments for Kids”

Great round-up of experiments! I can’t wait to try the candy cane one in December!

Thank you so much. We have actually already done some peppermint experimenting. We just couldn’t wait!

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Thanks for featuring our snow volcano 🙂

Of course! It is awesome!

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20 Exciting Winter Science Experiments

Welcome to the world of Winter Science Experiments, where chilly temperatures meet the wonders of scientific discovery!

As the temperature drops and the snowflakes dance, we have curated a sensational compilation of the top 20 captivating and awe-inspiring hands-on science experiments.

By engaging in winter science experiments, students of all age can deepen their understanding of scientific concepts and cultivate a sense of curiosity and wonder.

So, grab your lab coats, awaken your scientific interest, and prepare to embark on an exciting journey into the world of winter science experiments with us.

1. Snowstorm in a Jar

The Snowstorm Experiment is an exciting venture that allows students to observe and understand the fascinating process behind the formation of snowflakes.

By recreating a miniature snowstorm indoors, students can uncover the scientific principles governing snowflake creation and explore the beauty of this natural phenomenon right in their own classroom or home.

2. Snow Volcano

The Snow Volcano Experiment offers students a captivating journey into the world of winter science, combining the allure of volcanoes with the charm of snow.

Through this hands-on experience, students can explore scientific principles, cultivate their creativity, and unleash the frosty fury of their very own snow volcano.

Learn more: Snow Volcano

3. Magnetic Ice Paint

One experiment that is sure to spark their imagination is the magnetic ice paint experiment.

By combining the enchantment of winter with the power of magnetism, students can create their own magnetic ice paint and unlock a world of scientific exploration.

Learn more: Magnetic Ice Paint

4. Ice Painting

The Ice Painting experiment offers an exciting fusion of artistic expression and scientific exploration. By using ice as a canvas and vibrant colors as their paint, students can create stunning frozen artworks that capture the essence of winter.

5. Frozen Bubbles

The Frozen Bubbles Experiment invites students to embark on a captivating journey into the wonderland of winter science.

By exploring the magical transformation of soap bubbles into frozen marvels, students deepen their understanding of scientific principles while marveling at the beauty of nature’s delicate creations.

Learn more: Frozen Bubbles

5. Ice Excavation

The Ice Excavation Experiment immerses students in the fascinating process of freeing objects trapped within blocks of ice.

By freezing various objects or specimens in water and then meticulously excavating them, students gain insight into the forces of freezing and melting while honing their observational skills.

Learn more: Lego Ice Excavation

6. Exploding Snowman

What if we could add an exciting twist to the traditional snowman building activity? In this captivating winter science experiment, students can explore the fascinating concept of chemical reactions by creating an exploding snowman.

7. Melting Colorful Ice

One intriguing project to try during this frosty time is the melting ice science experiment with salt. This experiment combines simple ingredients and scientific principles to create an engaging, hands-on learning experience.

Learn more: How to Do a Melting Ice Science Project with Salt

8. Melting Snowman

Have you ever wondered what happens when a snowman starts to melt? In this captivating winter science experiment, students can explore the process of melting snowmen and uncover the scientific principles behind it.

Learn more: Melting Snowman

9. How do Penguins Stay Dry

Have you ever wondered how penguins stay dry in freezing water? In this engaging winter science experiment, students can unravel the secret behind penguins’ ability to stay dry.

Learn more: How do Penguins Stay Dry

10. Grow Your Own Giant Crystal Snowflakes

Winter is a season of frosty wonders, and what better way to embrace its magic than by growing your own giant crystal snowflakes?

In this captivating winter science experiment, students can explore the fascinating process of crystal formation and create their very own magnificent snowflake sculptures.

11. Rainbow Instant Ice

This experiment combines the beauty of colors with the enchantment of ice, creating a mesmerizing and educational experience for students.

12. Fishing for Ice

Winter is a season of frozen landscapes and unique scientific opportunities. One intriguing experiment that students can dive into is “Fishing for Ice.” This captivating activity combines the excitement of fishing with the wonder of freezing temperatures.

13. How to Keep Ice Longer

By exploring various methods and materials, students can discover the secrets to extending the lifespan of ice, whether for chilling beverages or creating lasting winter decorations.

14. Make an Igloo

Winter brings snowy landscapes and a sense of wonder, making it the perfect time for students to engage in a captivating winter science experiment: building an igloo.

15. Melting Frozen Hands

Winter is a season that brings frosty temperatures and the perfect opportunity for students to engage in captivating science experiments. One experiment that is sure to pique their interest is the “Melting Frozen Hands” experiment.

Learn more: Melting Frozen Hands \

16. Snowflake Art

What if we could combine art with science and create our own unique snowflake masterpieces? In this captivating winter science experiment, students can explore the fascinating world of salt snowflake art.

17. How Do Arctic Animals Stay Warm in the Water

In this captivating winter science experiment, students can dive into the fascinating world of arctic adaptations and explore how these incredible animals survive in extreme conditions.

Learn More: Arctic Animals

18. Fizzing Ice

We’ll explore a chilly and captivating experiment called “Fizzing Ice.” As temperatures drop and frosty landscapes emerge, we’ll harness the power of science to create a dazzling display of fizzing and bubbling ice.

19. Instant Ice Experiment

Learn about a mind-boggling phenomenon known as “Instant Ice.” Imagine the thrill of transforming ordinary water into solid ice in a matter of seconds.

20. The Snowman Experiment

Making a snowman using molded balloon water. But we’re not stopping there! We’ll take our snowman experiment to the next level by observing the fascinating difference in melting when one snowman is placed outside while the other remains indoors.

Learn more: The Snowman Experiment

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• 68 Best Chemistry Experiments: Learn About Chemical Reactions
• Top 100 Fine Motor Skills Activities for Toddlers and Preschoolers
• Top 50 Fun Food Science Experiments

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Freezing Weather Experiments

Introduction: Freezing Weather Experiments

What do you do when it is bitter cold outside? Freezing Weather Experiments of course!

This is fun for all ages. However, it can aid students with science fair ideas and homeschooling experiments, while fostering curiosity and creativity.

This particular day was -28°F (-33.3°C).

This instructable will show how to:

• Freeze Bubbles
• Crunch Frozen Bubbles (Surprisingly Fun)
• Transform Boiling Water into Snow
• Make Crystal Clear Ice
• Demestrate the Incredible Self Deflating and Inflating Balloon
• Discover Sun Dogs

For more videos like these and other DIY Projects click here.

Step 1: Freezing Bubbles

Trial and Error :

We tried regular bubble solution with mixed results. When we tried blowing bubbles outside, the bubble wand either froze to quickly, or the warm breath filled bubbles rose in the cold air to quickly to see them freeze. As you see in the video, what worked better was using a small cup that was half full with a water and dish soap solution. Then using a bubble wand to make and attach the bubbles to the top of the cup. To attach the bubble, the rim of the cup must be soapy. Using this method, you can position and observe the bubble easily.

Step 2: Transform Boiling Water Into Snow

There are just a few steps to this experiment. It works best when the outside temperature is well below freezing.

This is potentially dangerous and people have gotten hurt while attempting this experiment. Children need to have an adult do this for them.

First : You need to boil a small amount of water. I used a pot in the video, but a water filled mug in the microwave works well.

Second : Carefully, without burning yourself, carry your very hot water outside to a safe place.

Third : Here is the dangerous part. Toss the water up and away from you and other people. DO NOT toss the water above your head, because boiling water could fall back on you.

Fourth : Enjoy the white snowy cloud as it drifts away.

How does this Work

When you boil water, you're adding energy to water in its liquid state. That energy moves the molecules farther away from each other until the water vaporizes into a gaseous state.

By throwing boiling water into the air, the hot water separates and forms hot droplets.

Because they're so hot, those tiny water droplets start to vaporize quickly. But since cold air can't hold as much water vapor as warmer air, the water condenses. Extremely cold temperatures quickly freeze the water droplets, which fall as ice crystals.

Step 3: Make Crystal Clear Ice

Items Needed:

• Small cooler with lid open or taken off
• A freezer large enough to put your cooler in, or freezing temperature outside

Impress you friends with "classy" ice in their drinks! :-)

To make DIY Crystal Clear Ice at home, all you need is a small cooler, water, and a freezer to fit the cooler in (or freezing outdoor temps). The trick is to let the water freeze from the top-down. This will help release any air in the water/ice. So, just leave the cooler lid open/off and let it freeze.

The first try only "half worked" but the second try was very clear! The only difference between my two attempts was the second one was left in my freezing garage instead of outdoors. Perhaps the wind and snow made the first try a bit cloudy.

After a day of freezing, take the cooler and carefully tip it over in your sink. It will likely only be about half frozen, so drain the water and the ice will fall out. Either, chip, break, or cut the ice to any size you like.

Step 4: The Incredible Self Deflating and Inflating Balloon

For this simple experiment, you only need a few items:

• One Balloon (latex or mylar) *A mylar balloon may be more obvious with the result.
• A cold environment (like outside in the winter, or your home freezer.)
• Kids around, so they can be make a hypothesis and be amazed.

Gather kids around to watch. Inside a warm room, blow up a balloon. Then place the balloon outside in the freezing weather or just in your freezer. Ask the kids what they think will happen to the balloon from being in the cold. Then after a short while, retrieve the balloon and show the result.

The balloon should have shrunk a little due to the air molecules in the balloon losing heat energy and moving closer together. But if warmed back up the air will spread out and expand the balloon again.

• It would be interesting to make a graph to chart the temperature and balloon circumference change.
• Using helium instead of air should give greater results and its buoyancy may change which would be neat to see.

Common Sense Note: If you put your balloon outside, make sure to tie it down. We tried to make a video to show this experiment with our only balloon, but it blew away.

Step 5: Sun Dogs, Sun Halo, and Sun Cross

If you are lucky, on very cold days you will see sundogs, a sun halo, and cross in the sky. This phenomenon usually only happens when the Sun is low in the sky, either in the morning or evening. Sun dogs are a concentrated patch of light about 22° to the left and right of the Sun. They are created when the sunlight refracts through icy clouds. The process is similar to a rainbow. The dogs can either look bright yellow like the sun or colorful, like pieces of a rainbow with red on the inside, toward the Sun, and blue on the outside. A similar phenomenon can happen at night with the moon. These are appropriately called Moon Dogs.

A Sun halo, a circle of light that creates a circle 22° wide around the Sun, is a related phenomenon. As with sundogs, ice crystals in the clouds refract sunlight to create the halo, sometimes also called an icebow.

Step 6: Contact Me

Thank you for viewing this project.

Feel free to comment and/or send me a message and I will do my best to reply. What is your favorite freezing weather experiment?

For more videos and other DIY projects, check out and subscribe to my YouTube channel.

YouTube: GeekGuyMJ DIY Projects & More

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Cold Weather Experiments

When the temperature drops below freezing, head outside for these fun winter science experiments. they're perfect for snow days.

DIY SNOW CRYSTALS

What you’ll need:

• Pipe cleaners (white if possible)
• Wide-mouth jar
• Borax (available in the laundry aisle; try 20 Mule Team)
• Boiling water
• Blue food coloring (optional)
• Gloves to protect your kids’ hands (Borax can be an irritant)

What kids will learn: How crystals form over time

• Cut the pipe cleaner into three equal sections.
• Twist the sections together at the center to form a six-sided snowflake. Trim the edges if they’re uneven or can’t fit into the jar.
• Tie the string to one end of the “snowflake.” Tie the other end of the string to a pencil.
• Fill the jar with boiling water.
• Add three tablespoons of borax one at a time, making sure each spoonful dissolves before adding the next.
• Add food coloring if you want.
• Place the pencil across the jar’s mouth so the snowflake hangs inside the jar. It should be completely covered by liquid but not touch the bottom. (If it does, adjust the length of the string.)
• Leave overnight.

Ta-da! In the morning, your child will wake up to find a crystallized snowflake! Explain that crystals are formed when identical molecules join together and create repeating shapes that grow larger. In the case of this snowflake, the molecules are the compounds in Borax; in real snowflakes, the molecules are water. Talk about other types of crystals — diamonds, table salt. After your discussion, take your snowflake and hang it up on the tree (or wrap it up for the next holiday season)!

FROZEN BUBBLES

• Bubble-blowing solution
• Bubble wand
• Temperatures below 32°F (the colder, the better)
• Magnifying glass

What kids will learn: Why ice crystals form

• Bundle up and head outdoors.
• Have your child slowly blow a bubble, then catch it with his wand.
• Wait a few minutes for its soapy sheen to crystallize as the bubble begins to freeze — this will take anywhere from a few seconds to a few minutes, depending on the bubble’s size and how cold it is outside.
• As your child examines the crystal patterns with a magnifying glass, explain that water molecules move constantly, but when temps fall below freezing, they stick together and form ice crystals.
• Shatter your icy creation and blow some more bubbles. Blow some high into the air and see if they freeze before landing on the ground. Blow a bunch at once, then take turns guessing which bubble will freeze first.

PLUS: EASY, MESS-FREE SCIENCE EXPERIMENTS

SNOW PREDICTION

• 12-inch (or higher) clear container
• 12-inch ruler

What kids learn: Why liquid water is denser than ice

• Ask children to guess how much water is in a foot of snow and write their predictions on a piece of paper.
• After everyone’s made a guess, bundle up, grab the container, and head outdoors.
• Have your child place the ruler in the container; fill to the 1-foot mark with snow.
• Bring the container indoors and cover the top with foil to prevent melting snow from evaporating.
• Once snow melts, remove foil and measure the water with the ruler. If kids are baffled by how little remains, point out that as water freezes, the molecules form crystals, which expand and take up more space. When they melt, the space between them shrinks back down.

PLUS: COOL SCIENCE EXPERIMENT KITS

MITTEN MAGIC

• Weather app
• Thermometer

What kids learn: An understanding of how our body heat and insulators keep us warm

• Find out how cold it is outside with a weather app or outdoor thermometer.
• Have your child place an easy-to-read thermometer inside a mitten.
• Leave the mitten (with the thermometer inside) outdoors. Set a timer for five minutes.
• After a few minutes, have kids predict whether the mitten will “warm” it up. Surprise! The thermometer will read the same temperature as the air outside. Next, discuss how mittens are insulators; they keep hands toasty because they trap heat generated by our bodies.

PLUS: CREATIVE SCIENCE EXPERIMENTS

BLUBBER GLOVE

• Bucket or large plastic bowl
• 4 plastic zip-lock bags (large enough to cover your kid’s hand)
• Butter or shortening
• Rubber bands

What kids learn: How blubber (the layer of fat between an animal's skin and muscles) helps whales and other marine mammals survive frigid waters

• Fill a big bucket halfway with cold water and ice.
• Coat the inside of a plastic zip-lock bag with four spoonfuls of butter.
• Have your child put a plastic bag on each hand, then stick one of his hands into the butter-filled pouch. Put the remaining empty bag over your child’s other hand.
• Secure the edges of both bags onto your child’s wrist (so no butter escapes) with rubber bands.
• Have your child dip both hands into the bowl, being careful to make sure no water gets inside. Which hand can they keep in the icy water longest? Explain how blubber acts as insulation, trapping body heat, and other ways animals (and people) can stay warm during the winter.

Source: Sean Musselman, K–5 science specialist for the Burlington, MA, public schools

Photo Credit: KidStock /Blend Images/Corbis Images

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Winter Science Experiments and STEM Challenges for Kids

January 2, 2019 By Emma Vanstone 11 Comments

Now that Christmas is over, it’s time to embrace winter and all the exciting science activity opportunities the cold weather opens up. I’ve assembled an exciting collection of winter science experiments and STEM challenges perfect for cheering up a dreary January.

Don’t forget I’ve also got 100s more easy science experiments to do at home and not just for winter!

Easy Winter STEM Challenges for Kids

Ice experiments.

All my children love playing with ice. There’s something about it being cold and slippy that really appeals to them. There are endless different ways to explore ice and melting, and all make a great winter science experiment.

Firstly, try a super simple melting activity to learn about changes of state .

Ice fishing

Discover whether ice melts faster in hot or cold water with my ice fishing activity. This is one of my favourite winter science experiments, but it is also great for summertime too. All you need to do is freeze a plastic fish or small object in a cube of ice along with a piece of string. Tie the other end of the string to a stick, and you have your very own ice fishing rod!

Painting on ice

Try some painting on ice . This is another very simple science activity. Just freeze a sheet of ice and paint over the top. Children can paint, wipe the ice clean and paint again!

Ice decorations

We love these pretty ice decorations , when it’s very cold outside I leave a water-filled ice cube tray outside, and we check to see whether the water freezes overnight.

Little Bins for Little Hands has some lovely frozen hands . These are very appealing to young children and great fun to melt!

Make some seasonal ice. Try adding pinecones and leaves in autumn, colourful petals and flowers in summer and perhaps some wildflower petals in spring.

How about this sparkly ice version ? One simple activity is to find ways to make it melt faster. Try using warm water or salt to speed up the melting process.

Baking soda and vinegar ice

We had lots of fun with our baking soda ice cubes  and love this frozen vinegar idea from Inspiration Laboratories.

Wire through ice

Move wire through ice . A grown-up might have to help with this, and you don’t have to use a large piece as we did.

Make frost on a can

Try to  make frost with ice and salt . This activity is always very popular in our house. Frost appears on the side of the can as you watch! For some extra fun, try decorating the can to look like a snowman or Santa!

More ice experiments and investigations

Do you know you can make hot ice ?

The Artful Parent has a gorgeous melting ice, salt and  watercolour experiment .

Finally, and this is my favourite. Investigate how to help a toy car move across a sheet of ice . Try to find ways to stop the car slipping on the surface.

Snow STEM Challenges for Kids

If you’re lucky enough to have snow, a snow volcano is a brilliant outdoor activity. You’ll need snow, red food colouring, a small bottle or container, baking soda and vinegar.

Snowman Science Experiments

Find out how simple circuits work with this easy playdough light up snowman .

If you don’t have snow, try to make your own snow with one of my three easy snow recipes.

Winter STEM Challenges for Kids

Learn about forces with a simple snowman catapult ! Children can experiment with ping pong balls, pom poms and other small items.

We love this snowman stretch challenge from Feel Good Teaching.

Make a raft for a reindeer , or try one of my other festive STEM Challenges .

Winter STEM Challenge Printable

Finally, download my FREE winter STEM Challenges printable .

Ice Cube Shelter

The idea behind this activity is to build a structure that will slow down the speed at which an ice cube melts. This is a good activity for thinking about insulating materials.

Melting Marshmallows

Warm up with a hot chocolate STEM challenge . Make one drink warm and one hot to find out where the marshmallows melt the fastest.

Freeze a small toy figure or object in ice and rescue it using warm and cold water and salt!

Do you have any other winter or icy science ideas for us?

Which is your favourite winter science experiment ?

Last Updated on January 19, 2024 by Emma Vanstone

Safety Notice

Science Sparks ( Wild Sparks Enterprises Ltd ) are not liable for the actions of activity of any person who uses the information in this resource or in any of the suggested further resources. Science Sparks assume no liability with regard to injuries or damage to property that may occur as a result of using the information and carrying out the practical activities contained in this resource or in any of the suggested further resources.

These activities are designed to be carried out by children working with a parent, guardian or other appropriate adult. The adult involved is fully responsible for ensuring that the activities are carried out safely.

Reader Interactions

December 31, 2012 at 3:42 am

These are some fantastic and original ideas for playing with ice. I especially like the ice in a balloon and seasonal ice activities. I look forward to trying some of these out with my kids!

January 08, 2013 at 10:30 pm

Let us know how you get on. x

December 31, 2012 at 3:21 pm

Great ideas to keep kids busy during winter months. Thank you

January 08, 2013 at 10:31 pm

Glad you like them.

January 04, 2013 at 10:28 pm

Brilliant, thank you!

January 07, 2013 at 1:12 pm

Thank you. xxx

January 08, 2013 at 4:43 pm

Wow I just found your post through Coombemill! We had great fun with dino ice this week!

ooooh dino ice sounds good. x

January 17, 2013 at 6:55 pm

Love this! We just played with ice for a sensory activity the other day!! We’ll have to try these ideas sometime! http://teachingmama.org/winter-sensory-play-day-3/

January 18, 2013 at 3:02 pm

Great fun! we’ll be giving some of these a try for sure. We msde ice paints last week which were great fun!

January 21, 2013 at 11:47 am

We make ice boats! 1. Grab a not-too-deep, plastic container of any shape 2. Grab a mast – we like to use large wooden popsicle sticks as they are not so harmful to the environment, but some people use a drinking straw 3. Make a sail to fit your mast – as simple or elaborate as you like. We use paper or cardboard and tape it to the mast 4. Pop a small ball of modelling clay or blutac into the base and secure the mast upright 5. Fill the container two thirds with water – we often add some food dye, this looks amazing as the boats melt, especially if you can convince your small people to let the water alone so it stays very still and flat (in this case, you get another science lesson as you observe currents and eddies) 6. Freeze then sail in a bathtub or splashpool or even a baby bath

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