ppe kit presentation

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) in Healthcare Settings

Personal Protective Equipment Definition

“specialized clothing or equipment worn by an employee for protection against infectious materials” (OSHA)

PPE Use in Healthcare Settings

Types of PPE Used in Healthcare Settings

• Gloves – protect hands
• Gowns/aprons – protect skin and/or clothing
• Masks and respirators– protect mouth/nose
• Respirators – protect respiratory tract from airborne infectious agents
• Goggles – protect eyes
• Face shields – protect face, mouth, nose, and eyes

Different Situations Require Different PPE

Factors Influencing PPE Selection:

• Type of exposure anticipated
• Durability and appropriateness for the task

PPE for Standard Precautions (1)

• Gloves – Use when touching blood, body fluids, secretions, excretions, contaminated items; for touching mucus membranes and nonintact skin
• Gowns – Use during procedures and patient care activities when contact of clothing/ exposed skin with blood/body fluids, secretions, or excretions is anticipated

PPE for Standard Precautions (2)

• Mask and goggles or a face shield – Use during patient care activities likely to generate splashes or sprays of blood, body fluids, secretions, or excretions

How to Don Gloves

• Don gloves last
• Select correct type and size
• Insert hands into gloves

How to Safely Use Gloves

• Keep gloved hands away from face
• Avoid touching or adjusting other PPE
• Remove gloves if they become torn; perform hand hygiene before donning new gloves
• Limit surfaces and items touched

How to Remove Gloves (1)

• Grasp outside edge near wrist
• Peel away from hand, turning glove inside-out
• Hold in opposite gloved hand

How to Remove Gloves (2)

• Slide ungloved finger under the wrist of the remaining glove
• Peel off from inside, creating a bag for both gloves

Hand Hygiene

• Wash hands immediately after removing PPE.
• Use soap and water or use an alcohol-based hand rub

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The Basics Of Personal Protective Equipment (ppe)

Slides # 10, 15, 19, 25, 29, 33, 39, And 42 Must Be Filled In By You Prior To Training Your Employees

Powerpoint Presentation

Training And Administrative Controls; Engineering Controls; Work Practice Controls; Personal Protective Equipment. Ppe Use In Healthcare Settings.

Personal Protective Equipment Training

Select Appropriate Ppe & Assure Use; Training. Hazard Assessment. Conduct A Walk-through Survey Of The Areas In Question

PPE for Infection Control

• PPE Components
• Guidelines and Resources
• Obtaining a Disposable Kit

Contact Info

Personal protective equipment (ppe) for infection control.

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is specialized clothing or equipment worn by an employee for protection against infectious materials.

PPE prevents contact with an infectious agent or body fluid that may contain an infectious agent, by creating a barrier between the potential infectious material and the health care worker.

• Components of Personal Protective Equipment Additional information on specific components of PPE. Including gloves, gowns, shoe covers, head covers, masks, respirators, eye protection, face shields, and goggles. Gloves | Gowns | Shoe and Head Covers | Masks and Respirators | Face and Eye Protection
• Guidelines and Resources for Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) in Healthcare Settings Links to guidelines and resources for ppe in health care settings.  
• Making Disposable PPE Kit Information on compiling materials for a disposable PPE kit.  
• Webex Recording: How Well Are You Protected (57 minutes)

see also>> Infection Control Precautions

• patient safety

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Face shields, masks, gloves… everybody knows what they’re for these days, there was even a time when they used to be our go-to fashion accessories! No, we don’t want to relive that time either, but some refresher info on personal protective equipment and its uses never goes amiss! Use this intriguing pre-designed slide deck in gradient blues and grays to share everything important about PPE and keep your audience’s attention fixed firmly on you. Go ahead and download this fully editable template!

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Personal Protective Equipment PPE

Sep 25, 2014

1.91k likes | 3.78k Views

Personal Protective Equipment PPE. SUBPART. PPE. E. 1. Training Objectives. After completing this unit, you will be able to: Recognize hazards and understand controls, including Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). Understand PPE & the standards it must meet.

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• respirator program
• supplied air
• air purifying respirators
• work related hearing loss

Presentation Transcript

SUBPART PPE E 1 Training Objectives • After completing this unit, you will be able to: • Recognize hazards and understand controls, including Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). • Understand PPE & the standards it must meet. • Identify requirements for a respirator program and its components. • Define air-purifying & supplied-air respirators. • Perform negative & positive respirator fit checks.

SUBPART PPE E 2 References • 29 CFR 1926.95-107; Subpart E, PPE • American National Standards Institute (ANSI) (Various) • National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH); Respirator Approval. • Mine Safety and Heath Administration (MSHA); Respirator Approval.

SUBPART PPE E 3 The Hazards of Construction • The tools, materials, and processes of construction create hazards. • Those can affect your safety or health. • Hazards can hurt you if they are not eliminated or controlled. • Your employer must eliminate or control the hazards you are exposed to!

Safety-Related Electrocution Falls Falling objects Flying objects Lifting Hot objects Crushing Health-Related Noise Chemical Vapors Gases Lack of oxygen Asbestos dust Vibration SUBPART PPE E 4 Construction Hazards

SUBPART PPE E 5 How Hazardous is Construction? • There are more lost-time injuries in construction than in any other industry. • Each year, one in seven workers will miss work because of an injury (most will not be wearing safety gear). • Nearly one in five construction deaths are because of exposure to harmful chemicals.

SUBPART PPE E 7 Why is PPE Often the Choice? • Construction work is full of hazards. • Safer methods or products don’t exist. • Engineering or administrative controls may not be practical. • PPE is the last line of defense, but common in construction.

Most Common Head Protection Foot and Leg Hearing Eye and Face Respiratory Torso Protection Other Types Reflective clothes Life vests Safety nets Lifelines Safety harnesses Lanyards SUBPART PPE E 8 Types of Personal Protective Equipment

SUBPART PPE E 9 Who Approves PPE? • OSHA does not approve PPE. • OSHA-acceptable PPE will be approved by one of the following agencies: • NIOSH (National Institute for Occupational Safety & Health). • ANSI (American National Standards Institute). • MSHA (Mine Safety & Health Administration).

SUBPART PPE E 10 Protecting Your Head • Each year construction workers have thousands of head injuries. • Hard hats are required in areas where injury from impact, falling objects, or from flying objects is possible. • Hard hats must meet ANSI Z89.1(1969). • Hard hats should be inspected often. • Don’t paint, cover with stickers or wear backwards.

SUBPART PPE E 11 Use PPE As Intended What does the manufacturer say?

SUBPART PPE E 12 Types of Hard Hats • Class A: General service • Most construction workers wear this type. • Class B: Electrical service • These protect from high voltage. • Class C: Bump Caps, usually aluminum • These are not acceptable for construction.

SUBPART PPE E 13 How do Hard Hats Work? • Very well, if worn correctly! • The suspension absorbs shocks and keeps the shell away from your skull. • Make sure you have at least one inch clearance between the suspension and the outer shell. Meets ANSI Z89.1-1997; tested to withstand a 16 ounce hammer dropped 40 feet.

Noise increases your blood pressure and wears you out. You are naturally going to lose some hearing with age. Work-related hearing loss plus natural loss will make it hard for you to enjoy retirement. Hearing loss is sneaky because you can be hurting yourself without pain. SUBPART PPE E 14 Noisy Facts

SUBPART PPE E 18 Protecting Your Hearing • Use plugs or muffs. • Follow the manufacturer’s instructions. • They must fit properly and be maintained. • Remember, they only work if used. • Do not use cotton or other home-made protection.

SUBPART PPE E 19 When Do You Need Protection? • OSHA requires protection whenever noise is 90dBA or above for an 8-hour day. • Louder noises for shorter periods and impact noise also require protection. • Remember the 3 foot rule: • If you have to raise your voice to talk to someone 3 feet away, you need hearing protection! • See Table D-2 at 1926.52

SUBPART PPE E 21 Protecting Your Eyes and Face • Each day 1,000 workers injure their eyes. • Protection is required when machines or tasks present potential eye or face injury. • Hazards can be physical, chemical, or radiation-related. • Protection must meet ANSI Z87.1 • Sunglasses with plastic lens don’t meet the requirements unless Z87.1.

SUBPART PPE E 22 Types of Eye & Face Protection • Safety Glasses- • Protect eyes from front and side hazards as well as flying particles. • Regular Vented Goggles- • Protect your eyes from dust, sparks, and flying particles. • Hood Vented Goggles- • Protect your eyes from chemicals & dust. • Full Face Shield- • Protects face from splashes, and flying particles. • Must be used with safety glasses or goggles.

SUBPART PPE E 23 Protecting Your Lungs • A respirator is a device which maintains a supply of breathable air. • There are two types of respirators. • Air-Purifying: filters the air. • Supplied-Air: gives you clean air from another source. • Either must be NIOSH- or MSHA-approved.

SUBPART PPE E 24 Air-Purifying Respirators • Use filters which either absorb the chemical or filter out the particulate. • Reusable Type • has a filter, cartridge, or canister • filter, cartridge, or canisters are labeled with the type of contaminant they protect you from. • Disposable Respirator • single or multiple use, usually for dust only.

SUBPART PPE E 25 Supplied-Air Respirators • The breathing air comes through a hose from a compressor, or from a tank. • Connections must be tight and the hose must be protected from damage. • Breathing is easier & inward leakage is less than when using the air-purifying type. • Must be used in high concentrations or where O2 level is reduced.

SUBPART PPE E 26 An Effective Respirator • To protect you, a respirator must: • Be the correct one for the hazard to which you are exposed. • The “workplace protection factor” must be high enough for the concentration encountered. • Example: Half-mask protection factor = 10 Provides protection up to 10X the PEL • Fit you properly. (Fit testing) • Be inspected and maintained, and • Be used according to the manufacturer.

SUBPART PPE E 27 Facemask Types • There are several styles of facemasks. • Half-mask • Covers the nose and mouth. • Full Face-mask • Covers nose, mouth, and eyes. • Air-Fed Helmet • Covers the entire head.

SUBPART PPE E 28 The Employer’s Responsibility • OSHA requires your employer to have a respiratory protection program. • Your employer must: • Provide a medical evaluation to ensure you are okay to use a respirator. • Choose the proper respirator for the hazard. • Train you in the proper use, limitations, and care of the respirator. • Fit test you to find a model that fits your face & has a good face seal.

Respirator Program (cont’d)Where Respirator Use is Not Required • Employer may provide respirators at employee’s request or permit employees to use their own respirators, if employer determines that such use in itself will not create a hazard • If voluntary use is permissible, employer must provide users with the information contained in Appendix D • Must establish and implement those elements of a written program necessary to ensure that employee is medically able to use the respirator and that it is cleaned, stored, and maintained so it does not present a health hazard to the userException: Employers are not required to include in a written program employees whose only use of respirators involves voluntary use of filtering facepieces (dust masks).

SUBPART PPE E 29 Fit is Important • Your respirator must seal tightly against your face. • Things which can prevent a good seal: • beards and sideburns • eyeglasses • the shape of your face; remember; respirators do come in different sizes.

SUBPART PPE E 30 Fit-Check Your Respirator • Perform both types of fit checks every time you put your respirator on. • There are two ways to make sure your respirator fits properly. • Positive fit check • Exhale to check for leaks. • Negative fit check • Inhale to check for leaks.

SUBPART PPE E 31 Positive Pressure Check • Place palm over exhalation valve. • Gently exhale. • If face piece balloons out slightly & you can’t feel leakage, you have a good seal.

SUBPART PPE E 32 Negative Pressure Check • Block ends of cartridges with hands. • Gently inhale. • If face piece pulls in and you don’t feel a leak, then you have a good seal.

SUBPART PPE E 33 Respirator Care • Follow the manufacturer’s directions. • Inspect it before each use. • Repair or discard it if necessary. • Clean it after each use. • Store it in a clean plastic bag. • Replace cartridges/filters if it’s hard to breathe or you can taste/smell the chemical.

SUBPART PPE E 34 Protecting Your Feet and Legs • Every year nearly 200,000 workers injure their feet. • OSHA requires you to wear foot protection where there is a possibility of material falling, crushing or rolling over. • Safety shoes must meet the requirements of ANSI Z41.1

SUBPART PPE E 35 Choosing Foot Protection Wear sturdy shoes with thick soles, steel toes & steel shanks. Look for the ANSI label on the tongue.

SUBPART PPE E 36 Protecting Your Hands & Body • OSHA has no specific requirements for PPE for hands & body. • Hand/body injury hazards must still be evaluated. • Handling caustics, acids, solvents, adhesives, rough and hot materials without protection is unsafe.

SUBPART PPE E 37 Working Over or Near Water • Workers near or over water must wear a U.S. Coast Guard-approved life jacket or buoyant work vest. • Life jackets must be inspected before each shift and not used if defective. • Ring buoys must be installed with at least 90 feet of line & no more than 200 feet apart. • A skiff must be available.

SUBPART PPE E 38 Case Study: What went wrong? A contract employee was assigned to sandblast the inside of a reactor vessel during turnaround activities at a petrochemical refinery. Instead of relying on the contract company's own air compressors in accordance with the contractor's policy, the contract foreman connected the employee's supplied air respirator to a hose containing what he thought was plant air. It was nitrogen. The employee died.

SUBPART PPE E 39 Is This Adequate Protection?

SUBPART PPE E 40 Subpart E - Personal Protective and Life Saving Equipment(1926.95 - 107) Head protection required Eye and face protection PPE - Provided, used and maintained Safety nets for falls over 25 feet Life jackets/vests

Always Inspect Before Use!!!

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Are you selecting the right PPE for your electrical system maintenance?

Not all electrical equipment is created equal when it comes to production objectives versus safety objectives in an electrical power system. Certain devices should be tested and maintained to ensure uptime; others should be tested and inspected to ensure they perform properly to protect workers in case of an arc flash event. 

When considering arc flash safety and selecting the appropriate PPE, the condition of maintenance for protective devices or circuit breakers is certainly much more critical than for a conductor or load device. This article outlines why evaluating each piece of an electrical power system’s equipment for its impact on productivity and safety is important to improving both reliability and worker safety.

Condition of maintenance can have an impact on PPE selection

PPE selection is based on a value for the expected incident energy exposure, whether using an incident energy analysis (arc flash study), the table method, or another process to determine arc flash values. 

Incident energy values are largely based on a combination of circuit clearing time, distance from the source, and the amount of arcing current in amperes (among other factors). Since clearing time is one of the direct critical factors, PPE selection is based on the equipment operating (opening) speed. In an arc flash study or other calculation method, this speed is based on the equipment’s time-current operating characteristics to be in like-new condition. Even equipment that operates a fraction of a second slower can cause arc flash values to be substantially higher than anticipated or indicated on a label. 

What does this mean? In one example, a worker can believe the incident energy is single-digit calorie exposure and dress accordingly; however, the actual clearing time of an unmaintained upstream device can potentially cause this value to be hundreds of calories! Not verifying clearing times essentially makes the arc flash label or table method of PPE selection invalid.

Condition of maintenance is now a key consideration in the overall risk assessment process. But how does this affect worker safety and PPE selection? We looked at this several years ago and published a paper highlighting our findings. A 2008 paper at the IEEE Electrical Safety Workshop (IEEE ESW-2008-21) by Ron Widup and Kerry Heid used survey data from NETA accredited companies with survey results from over 340,000 protective devices. With service-aged equipment, we found that approximately 22% of circuit breakers had an issue with the protective trip unit. Experience tells us that trip units usually operate slower, not faster, so the arc flash energy values downstream of these devices would be higher than expected. 

Even more alarming: 10.5% of circuit breakers would not trip at all, and 42.8% of these problems were mechanical. A circuit breaker that has not operated in years may not operate at all when called upon during an arc flash event. An inoperable protective device will create a high probability of extreme values of incident energy. It’s a scary scenario when selecting PPE.

The difference that asset class can make on choice of PPE

Table 1 lists six asset classes in an electrical power system that must be considered differently when it comes to maintenance on that system, based on production versus safety objectives.

Items such as cables, rotating equipment, and transformers can have a huge negative effect on productivity and uptime, but typically aren’t as likely to create a major safety risk (see Figure 1). Failure of these devices can cause power outages or lost production for days and even weeks depending upon the ability to replace or repair them. This will have a major financial impact on the organization, but typically a limited impact to personnel safety. (Note that the devices above in the Safety column can also affect production/uptime.)

In contrast, power systems apparatus such as circuit breakers, protective relays, and DC tripping power can directly affect overall electrical arc flash values and PPE selection (see Figure 2). These items can fail without anyone knowing they failed and thus won’t operate to clear a fault, but production continues on as normal. Failure of these devices to trip and limit the energy during an arc flash event creates a huge increase in the risk to the worker. These failures are normally only found during maintenance or when a fault occurs. For example, a transformer fire could be dangerous to workers. But what is the likelihood that a transformer would fail with someone standing directly beside it? In addition, for a transformer to catch fire or to catastrophically fail would mean that the protection failed, so the risk is associated with the protection, not the actual transformer failure.

The Canadian standard CSA Z463, Maintenance of Electrical Systems states that these critical safety devices must be included in the electrical maintenance program. The type and interval of maintenance is left up to each individual user based on their installation and operating environment. Production devices can be maintained at a different level based on the business decision by the organization, but devices that negatively affect electrical safety cannot be ignored.

Electrical safety heat map

Annex C of Standard CSA Z463 features a safety heat map that plots the likelihood of an occurrence versus the impact the device would have on worker safety should it become inoperable. Maintenance for safety objectives can be completely different than those for production objectives, and this is exactly what the safety heat map establishes for separate asset classes.

This system establishes unmaintained equipment in the green (low risk), yellow (moderate risk), and red (high risk) zones for their effect on the electrical safety program (see Figure 3). 

• Likelihood is the chance the equipment would not work as intended (mis-operate) if it was completely ignored over a lengthy in-service period.
• Impact is the potential exposure to a worker should the equipment not work as intended.

Each piece of apparatus has a different risk factor for production and for safety, and it’s typically a business decision for production or uptime versus a safety decision for equipment that poses a risk to personal safety. The values in the tables are subjective and need to be aligned with the installed equipment vintage, loading, fault interruptions, operating environment, and apparatus manufacturer to rate the likelihood and impact of failure.

Low-voltage air circuit breaker: High risk

The on-board protection system in a low-voltage air circuit breaker (LVACB) includes a series trip unit or an electronic trip unit consisting of current transformers, wiring harness, protective relay, and some type of mechanical actuator. Maintenance staff must operate it on a regular basis to create an electrically safe working condition. When not exercised on a regular basis, these devices can become inoperable without any warning. Because they are rackable, frequently operated, and include a complete on-board protection system, the likelihood and impact variables on these devices are some of the highest in the electrical power system. As noted earlier, the NETA survey and associated IEEE paper showed that 22% of these breakers did not follow their time current characteristics, and 10.5% did not operate at all when service-aged maintenance was undertaken.

Power fuse: Moderate risk

Power fuses are protective devices that have no movable parts and are generally very reliable. However, they can create extended clearing time above expectation if not applied properly following a replacement-in-kind process. Electrical workers commonly replace a fuse with one that is adequate for the loading level but is not the correct size or rating as designed in the power system study or arc flash hazard analysis. This can create a much higher arc flash value than anticipated.

Buried underground cable: Low risk

Buried underground cable has limited arc flash risk and associated PPE level because the likelihood of failure and impact to personal safety are both very low. These devices have no moving parts and are highly reliable if installed correctly. The likelihood of a failure is typically very low, and the impact this device could have on safety during a failure is quite low. 

As seen in these three examples, the attention paid to maintenance depends on the likelihood the equipment will fail and the impact that it will have on worker safety. Power systems equipment that is more likely to fail and have a higher impact MUST be included in the electrical maintenance program due to the serious safety concerns it can bring.

In conclusion

Certain apparatus in an electrical power system can have a drastic negative impact on incident energy evaluations and the associated level of required PPE when not maintained properly. Field test data shows that a lack of maintenance can severely affect the operation of protective devices. Any item that can directly extend the tripping time of a protection system needs consistent maintenance and testing to ensure it operates according to its specified time-current characteristics. PPE selection and personnel protection is dependent on this equipment working properly, and an electrical maintenance program is critical to this expected operation.

An arc flash hazard analysis will usually indicate that protective setting changes can reduce the incident energy values and thus lower the level of PPE required. However, if these protective devices do not function as designed due to a lack of maintenance, the new energy levels are invalid and render the PPE assessment as inadequate. Arc flash studies should always indicate that any setting changes made to lower incident energy require testing of the devices to ensure they follow their time current characteristics.

This article was provided by the InterNational Electrical Testing Association (NETA), www.NETAworld.org. NETA was formed in 1972 to establish uniform testing procedures for electrical equipment and systems. Today the association accredits electrical testing companies; certifies electrical testing technicians; publishes the ANSI/NETA Standards for Acceptance Testing, Maintenance Testing, Commissioning, and the Certification of Electrical Test Technicians; and provides training through its annual PowerTest Conference and library of educational resources.

Kerry Heid is an Executive Consultant at Shermco Industrie s, a leader in electrical power systems reliability, engineering, and field services. After beginning his career with Westinghouse Service, Kerry founded the Magna Electric Corporation (MEC) office in Regina, Saskatchewan and then served as CEO of Shermco Industries Canada until 2019. Kerry is a NETA Certified Level IV test technician and is active in Canadian standards development. He has served as Chair of the CSA Z463, Maintenance of Electrical Systems technical committee since 2010, served on NETA’s Board of Directors from 2003–2014, is a past-President, and received NETA’s Outstanding Achievement Award in 2010.

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