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In academic writing, you will need to cite (or 'refer to') other people's work or ideas. In order to do this accurately, you will need to use reporting verbs to link your in-text citation to the information cited. This section looks at what reporting verbs are , then looks at the strength and grammar of reporting verbs. Finally, there is a table which lists some of the most common reporting verbs , giving meaning, strength and usage. At the end there are some exercises to help you practice.
For another look at the same content, check out YouTube or Youku , or the infographic . There is a worksheet (with answers and teacher's notes) for this video.
Reporting verbs, also known as referring verbs, are verbs which are used when you report or refer to another writer's work. They are needed to connect the in-text citation to the information which you are citing. See the following examples, in which the reporting verbs ( point out and state ) are shown in bold.
The most common reporting verb is state . However, while it is simpler to use the same verb over and over, this will not give your writing much variation. In addition, each reporting verb has a slightly different meaning, depending on what the writer you are citing is saying. It is therefore important for you to be aware of and try to use a range of reporting verbs, depending on the information you are citing.
Note that According to is another common way to refer to a writer's work. This is not a reporting verb, but is used in the same way. A common student mistake is to use this with a reporting verb such as state , which makes the sentence grammatically incorrect. See the following examples.
Check out the reporting verbs infographic »
Reporting verbs vary in terms of strength. Consider the following examples.
Although both verbs have the same general meaning, namely believe , the verb assume is quite weak, while the verb insist is much stronger. The second verb most closely matches the information above on this page, i.e. as a fact, and is therefore more accurate than the first one.
Reporting verbs are often followed by a that clause. However, not all verbs follow this pattern. It is important, when using reporting verbs, to check the grammar usage to make sure that your writing is accurate. Consider the following examples.
Note that it is usually acceptable to use reporting verbs in either the past or present tense. The present tense is more common as this brings the past research into the present and therefore makes it more current and important. There may, however, be special requirements for your course, so it is always useful to check the style guide for assignments.
Examples of usage for the most common reporting verbs are given in the table in the following section.
The table below lists some of the most common reporting verbs. They are listed according to their general meaning. Usage and strength are also given. Verbs which are in the same cell have the same general meaning, usage and strength (e.g. admit and concede both mean agree , are both followed by that clauses, and are both weak verbs).
To aid in studying reporting verbs, frequency data for the verbs have been added, for two academic corpora : the BAWE (British Academic Written English), a 6.5 million word corpus of written academic English, and the academic section of the BNC Baby, a 1 million word sub-corpus of the BNC (British National Corpus). The frequencies given are total counts for the verbs and corresponding forms. Click on the buttons to show the frequencies .
There is another version of the list, sorted by frequency , on another page.
General meaning | Reporting verb | Usage | Strength |
accuse | (197) (26) | sb of sth | strong |
(70) (36) | that | strong | |
(275) (31), (425) (56) | sb for sth | strong | |
add | (4034) (488) | weak | |
(1084) (96) | to sth | strong | |
agree | (396) (119), (66) (18) | that | weak |
(202) (15) | sth | neutral | |
(1446) (269), (535) (58), (636) (80), (1479) (245) | that | neutral | |
(69) (19), (3810) (476) | sth | strong | |
(929) (137) | that | strong | |
(59) (7) | with sb | strong | |
believe | (1601) (402) | that | weak |
(36) (4) | sth | neutral | |
(3065) (248), (2260) (509), (26) (4) | that | neutral | |
(3555) (480), (2837) (225), (2391) (379), (126) (29), (1827) (136) | that | strong | |
conclude | (735) (80), (7578) (1233), (222) (34), (48) (11) | that | neutral |
(1142) (102) | that | strong | |
disagree | (3664) (796), (10) (2) | sth | weak |
(557) (152) | sth | neutral | |
(27) (11) | of sth | strong | |
(1224) (100) | sb to do sth | strong | |
(16) (2), (196) (8), (242) (16), (240) (35), (73) (4), (287) (116), (687) (96), (118) (5), (690) (80), (1736) (120) | sth | strong | |
(457) (80) | that | strong | |
(167) (14) | with sb | strong | |
(360) (20) | strong | ||
discuss | (2044) (349) | sth | neutral |
emphasise | (1278) (53), (13) (3) | sth | strong |
(929) (139), (1514) (247) | that | strong | |
examine | (17) (8) | weak | |
(1821) (178), (895) (139), (743) (113), (1568) (272), (940) (90), (5566) (1105) | sth | neutral | |
(2937) (383) | sth to sth | neutral | |
(1208) (211) | sth with sth | neutral | |
(54) (3) | sth | strong | |
explain | (2643) (303), (1249) (198) | sth | neutral |
(2475) (354) | sth as sth | neutral | |
(101) (44), (194) (28), (2629) (312) | that | neutral | |
guess | (52) (8), (370) (161), (315) (37) | that | weak |
include | (153) (2) | weak | |
persuade | (155) (40) | that | strong |
(359) (44) | strong | ||
require | (42) (5) | that | strong |
see | (3915) (663) | sth as sth | weak |
(660) (99) | that | weak | |
(9515) (1480) | weak | ||
(1517) (166) | that | neutral | |
show | (1812) (166) | that | weak |
(2104) (295) | that | neutral | |
(1473) (187) | that/how | neutral | |
(1681) (187), (938) (100) | that | strong | |
(9860) (1205) | that/how | strong | |
(2752) (339) | strong | ||
state | (612) (123), (2351) (402), (229) (64) | that | weak |
(2659) (669), (1280) (264), (519) (96), (4514) (633) | sth | neutral | |
(2131) (290), (261) (47), (560) (57), (1384) (142), (792) (147), (179) (20), (2996) (462), (9264) (590) | that | neutral | |
(464) (50) | that | strong | |
suggest | (174) (37) | sth | weak |
(1046) (173), (79) (12), (4902) (695) | that | weak | |
(76) (6), (71) (6), (69) (12), (1195) (161), (75) (35) | that | neutral | |
(224) (31) | sb of sth/that | strong | |
(248) (24), (378) (42), (95) (5), (448) (84), (83) (15) | that | strong | |
think | (4723) (714) | sth | neutral |
(1491) (219) | that | neutral | |
(137) (22), (3658) (496) | that | strong |
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Bailey, S. (2000). Academic Writing. Abingdon: RoutledgeFalmer
EIT Online (n.d.). Reporting Verbs . Available at: http://www2.eit.ac.nz/library/ls_guides_reportingverbs.html (Access date: 17/6/16)
Hampton, M. (n.d.). Writing about others’ work: verbs for citations (Harvard APA style) . Available at: http://www.port.ac.uk/media/contacts-and-departments/student-support-services/ask/downloads/Verbs-for-citation.pdf (Access date: 17/6/16)
Sharpling, G. (2012). Reporting Verbs . Available at: https://www2.warwick.ac.uk/fac/soc/al/globalpad/openhouse/academicenglishskills/grammar/reportingverbs/ (Access date: 17/6/16)
University of Adelaide (2014). Verbs for Reporting . Available at: https://www.adelaide.edu.au/writingcentre/sites/default/files/docs/learningguide-verbsforreporting.pdf (Access date: 17/6/16)
Find out about avoiding plagiarism in the next section.
Go back to the previous section about reference sections .
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Author: Sheldon Smith ‖ Last modified: 25 February 2024.
Sheldon Smith is the founder and editor of EAPFoundation.com. He has been teaching English for Academic Purposes since 2004. Find out more about him in the about section and connect with him on Twitter , Facebook and LinkedIn .
Compare & contrast essays examine the similarities of two or more objects, and the differences.
Cause & effect essays consider the reasons (or causes) for something, then discuss the results (or effects).
Discussion essays require you to examine both sides of a situation and to conclude by saying which side you favour.
Problem-solution essays are a sub-type of SPSE essays (Situation, Problem, Solution, Evaluation).
Transition signals are useful in achieving good cohesion and coherence in your writing.
Reporting verbs are used to link your in-text citations to the information cited.
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Dr. Vivek Murthy said he would urge Congress to require a warning that social media use can harm teenagers’ mental health.
By Ellen Barry and Cecilia Kang
The U.S. surgeon general, Dr. Vivek Murthy, announced on Monday that he would push for a warning label on social media platforms advising parents that using the platforms might damage adolescents’ mental health.
Warning labels — like those that appear on tobacco and alcohol products — are one of the most powerful tools available to the nation’s top health official, but Dr. Murthy cannot unilaterally require them; the action requires approval by Congress.
The proposal builds on several years of escalating warnings from the surgeon general. In a May 2023 advisory, he recommended that parents immediately set limits on phone use, and urged Congress to swiftly develop health and safety standards for technology platforms.
He also called on tech companies to make changes: to share internal data on the health impact of their products; to allow independent safety audits; and restrict features like push notifications, autoplay and infinite scroll, which he says “prey on developing brains and contribute to excessive use.”
In an interview, Dr. Murthy said he had been deeply frustrated by the platforms’ reluctance to do so.
“I don’t think we can solely rely on the hope that the platforms can fix this problem on their own,” he said. “They’ve had 20 years.”
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When my first son was 3 years old, we moved from Los Angeles to the mountains of a small town in California. I was eight months pregnant with our second child and on a modified bedrest, but I did my best to entertain my son from the confines of a chair.
Our first night in the mountains, he looked up at the sunset in awe and asked why the sky was changing colors: red, purple, now orange. I told him that the sky was dancing, and he began dancing, too.
“Look, Mom!” he said. “I’m orange dancing!” He twirled and declared that he was “red dancing” and “purple dancing.”
I lifted my arms and danced along with him in my chair.
“Look, Mom,” he said. “We are all the colors!”
I sat there with one hand on my belly, the other hand waving in the air, amazed at how little difference my 3-year-old son saw between himself and the sky. He could feel the reality that he was majestic and vast. He wasn’t just one thing, black or white, good or bad, this or that. He was all the colors.
I thought of this moment again several years later, when I found my father’s kindergarten report card from 1959. A blue piece of cardstock folded in half indicated that Dad had performed well academically, with excellent marks in reading and math, but on the back of it, his teacher wrote: “Jeffrey is over-anxious to please his teacher and … often asks how to do things he already knows how to do. He would probably be a much happier child if he could learn to be a little less serious.”
I knew what his teacher was saying, behind her polite cursive. My father believed he needed to be perfect to be loved. He was ruthlessly hard on himself all the way until the end. Harsh self-talk covered up the reality of my father’s inherent worth, blinding him to the fact that he, too, was all the colors.
My first word was “Dada.” My father’s last word was “water.” He pointed to a jar of small pink swabs. I took one and dipped it into a cup of ice-cold water and placed it in his mouth and moved it from one side to the other and let it rest on the inside of his right cheek. He closed his eyes and never spoke again.
He was 69 years old when he died due to the consequences of addiction , and I was 39. Many years earlier, when I was a kid, he took our family to Hawaii on a business trip. He held the hands of my sister and me as he guided us to the resort lagoon where we swam with dolphins. At one point, a dolphin jumped over us and hundreds of sparkling droplets reflected in the sun like a million shards of gold, and suddenly she dove back into the water behind us and swam into deeper and darker blues.
When we came home, my father framed pictures of my sister and me swimming with the dolphins and placed them on his desk alongside the other pictures of us in beautiful places: Hawaii, Costa Rica, Marco Island, New York City. During my late teens, when his drinking began to wreak havoc on our family, the promise of his sobriety became like a place on his desk, tropical blue water, a dream we wanted to make real.
Until the final decade of his life, I stayed close to him. Dad visited a total of 23 different drug and alcohol treatment centers over the years, staying for weeks or sometimes months before checking himself out. My sister, mother and I visited him at most of the centers, where the voice of his self-criticism was 10 times louder than any words of love and forgiveness that we — or anyone — could ever say.
Two months after Dad died, I dropped my children off at school and returned home, where my dog, a Terrier mix named Bella, greeted me with her normal celebratory dance. Bella never tried to remove any of my struggles. Instead, she made it possible for me to struggle — madly struggle in ways I never would never let another person see or know about — because her love was so pure.
I held Bella under one arm and walked into the living room and to the bookshelf where we kept our family’s most precious items: three bullet casings from my father-in-law’s military funeral, books of poetry, photos of our children, and a small glass jar with a lock of my father’s hair inside. I sat in the corner of the room with Bella nestled into my lap and opened the wooden cap of the tiny glass jar and turned it upside down. My father’s lock of hair fell into my fingers. How soft it was! I thought it might be dry, like straw, but it was softer than a feather.
Then, I reached beside the bookshelf and pulled out the box of my father’s belongings mailed to me after he passed. All that he owned fit into a cardboard box no bigger than four shoeboxes. The top layer of the box was filled with clothes: black sweatpants I was almost positive he wore while homeless on the streets. There was a Discman and CDs I’d given him, and below that, an old Timex in a plastic Ziploc bag. The watch was broken in three pieces and had a camel-colored leather strap, the leather scraped up and fraying all over so that you could see a darker layer of brown underneath. The face of the clock and its stainless frame was still intact. The seconds hand still moved. I watched the hand tick and the time change.
I held this broken watch in one hand, his soft hair in the other, and sobbed so hard I couldn’t breathe. A part of me blamed myself for not having done more. Maybe the boundaries I set against his addiction were too rigid. Maybe we should have elected to do the feeding tube. Maybe …
Just then, I felt Bella’s tongue on my cheek. She licked my tears and leaned closer into me. I set down the watch and put the lock of hair back into the jar, but the sensation of its softness on my pinky finger remained.
A voice inside said that it was time to get up, time to go to work, time to get it together. But I didn’t move. I held Bella closer to my chest and lifted my gaze from my father’s things on the floor to outside the window. The sky was baby blue with wisps of clouds and sun. There was a thin layer of snow on top of the grass, white, glistening dust I imagined was the same texture as my father’s ashes.
Later that night, I wrote in my journal, “Gave myself space to grieve.” A few days later I wrote, “Made a mistake at work, told myself it was OK.” A few days after that I wrote, “Sent out an essay even though a voice said it wasn’t good enough.” I soon realized that I was tracking moments in which I was kind to myself or rebelling against an inner voice that told me I wasn’t good enough — the same harsh voice my father’s kindergarten teacher had noted back in 1959.
Perhaps I was jotting down these moments of self-compassion to heal my own heart, but also, certainly, for my children. Nothing seemed more important than teaching them to include themselves in the circle of kindness they extended, and that meant I needed to learn how to do so, too.
Nothing seemed more important than teaching them to include themselves in the circle of kindness they extended, and that meant I needed to learn how to do so, too.
One night at the dinner table when my husband was away on a work trip, my two sons and I played a game I’d seen on Instagram, “High, low, buffalo,” where we talked about the best, worst and silliest (buffalo) part of our day. I announced that my high was filling up an entire page of my journal with moments in which I was kind to myself.
“Wet us see it!” my youngest said, just 3 years old and still adorably pronouncing his L’s as W’s.
I grabbed my journal and showed them the list. My eldest son, the one who danced with the sky and said we were all the colors, was now 6. He studied the page like a treasure map, tracking the words with his fingers.
“Wow, Mom. You were really kind to yourself,” he said.
“Thanks, honey,” I said. “I’m learning to do it more and more.”
After writing this essay, Shannon Kopp teamed up with her sister to create The Kindness Scouts , children’s books and early emotional learning tools to empower self-compassion. She is also the author of " Pound for Pound: A Story of One Woman’s Recovery and the Shelter Dogs Who Loved Her Back to Life " (HarperCollins) and the Founder and CEO of SoulPaws Recovery Project .
San Antonians have a fresh incentive to put pen to paper—or fingers to keys—about the places they call home. As part of a move to diversify local storytelling, the San Antonio Report is now offering a $250 "Where I Live" stipend for residents willing to shine a spotlight on their neighborhoods. Funded through a partnership with the Know Your Neighbor initiative of the H. E. Butt Foundation, the series emphasizes local narratives, as if painting a literary mosaic of city life.
Submitting an essay to the San Antonio Report has typically been a labor of love for proud locals, volunteering their time to articulate their community's character and dreams for posterity. Dedicated authors who sought to capture the essence of their environment did so without financial compensation until now. According to the San Antonio Report , the essays "share what they love about their neighborhood—and what they envision for its future."
With this new stipend, the publication hopes to eliminate a key barrier that might have prevented some voices from joining the conversation: the cost of time. The aim, as stated by the San Antonio Report, is to "allow new voices to emerge by reducing the barriers to participation in this popular series." And for those who might not need the money, there's an option to "pay it forward" to future storytellers.
The initiative appears to be more than just compensation for words; it's an investment in community engagement. The "Where I Live" series has been influential in constructing an interactive map where readers can click through and learn about different neighborhoods. Recognizing that every person's perspective is a piece of the city's puzzle, the stipend is a clear message: every story holds value, every narrative deserves a platform.
For all the aspiring writers or community members who've been on the fence about sharing their experiences, this might be the push they need. The San Antonio Report is actively seeking submissions, encouraging participation by asking, "Which neighborhood on our map is missing? Which voices haven’t we heard from yet?" As this initiative unfolds, it stands to reason that the 'Where I Live' feature will become an even richer tapestry of San Antonio's diversity and identity, woven through the words of those who know it best.
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What to expect from the prospect of Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) in the next decade, according to a former OpenAI researcher.
Generative AI is a big deal in the tech landscape right now. We've seen artificial intelligence make companies like Microsoft the world's most valuable company with over $3 trillion in market valuation . Market analysts attribute the exponential growth to the Redmond giant's early lead and adoption of the technology . Even NVIDIA is on the verge of hitting its iPhone moment with AI after recently overtaking Apple and becoming the second-most valuable company in the world due to high GPU demand for AI advances.
Microsoft and OpenAI are arguably among the top tech firms that are heavily invested in AI. However, their partnership has stirred up controversies, with insiders indicating Microsoft has turned into " a glorified IT department for the hot startup ." In contrast, billionaire Elon Musk says OpenAI has seemingly transformed into a closed-source de facto subsidiary for Microsoft .
It's no secret that both tech companies have a complicated partnership and the latest controversies affecting OpenAI aren't helping the situation. After launching GPT-4o , a handful of high-level employees left OpenAI. While the explanation behind their departure remains slim at best, Jan Leike former super alignment lead indicated that he was worried about the trajectory AI advances were taking at the company. He further stated that the firm was seemingly prioritizing the development of shiny products as security and privacy took a backseat .
To this end, it's impossible to tell the trajectory AI will take in the next few years, though NVIDIA CEO Jensen Huang indicates that we might be on the brink of hitting the next AI wave . The CEO further states that robotics is the next big thing, with self-driving cars and humanoid robots dominating the category.
But as it now seems, we might have a bit of insight into what the future might hold for us, according to a former OpenAI researcher who recently published a 165-page report highlighting the rapid growth and adoption of AI, security, and more (via Business Insider ).
Leopold Aschenbrenner worked as a researcher for OpenAI's super alignment team but was fired for leaking critical information about the company's preparedness for general artificial intelligence. However, Aschenbrenner states that the information he shared was "totally normal" since it was based on publicly available information. He suspects the company was just looking for a way to get rid of him.
The researcher is among the OpenAI employees who refused to sign the letter asking for Sam Altman's reinstatement as CEO after he was fired by the board of directors last year. Aschenbrenner believes this contributed to his firing. This is in the wake of former board members alleging that two OpenAI staffers had reached out to the board with claims of psychological abuse from the CEO , which generally contributed to a toxic atmosphere at the company. The former board members also indicated that OpenAI staffers who didn't necessarily support Altman's imminent return as CEO signed the letter as the "feared" retaliation.
All the latest news, reviews, and guides for Windows and Xbox diehards.
According to Aschenbrenner's report, the AI progression will take an upward trajectory. It's no secret that Sam Altman has a soft spot for superintelligence based on how passionately he speaks about the topic during interviews. In January, the CEO admitted that OpenAI is actively exploring advances that could eventually help it unlock this incredible feat. However, he didn't disclose whether the company was taking a radical or incremental trajectory while chasing it down.
As you may know, superintelligence means having a system with cognitive abilities that surpass human reasoning. However, there's concern building around this benchmark and what it could mean for humanity. An AI researcher revealed that there's a 99.9% probability it could end humanity, according to p(doom) , and the only way to avoid this outcome is to stop building AI in the first place. Interestingly, Sam Altman admitted there's no big red button to stop the progression of AI .
With the emergence of new flagship AI models like GPT-4o with reasoning capabilities across text, audio, and more, it doesn't seem like the progression will stop soon. Computational power and algorithmic efficiency trends show AI will continue to experience rapid growth. However, there are critical concerns about power supply with OpenAI looking into nuclear fusion as a plausible alternative for the foreseeable future.
Aschenbrenner says AI development could scale to greater heights by 2027 and surpass the capabilities of human AI researchers and engineers. These predictions aren't entirely farfetched, with GPT-4 (referred to as mildly embarrassing at best) already surpassing professional analysts and advanced AI models in forecasting future earnings trends without access to qualitative data . Microsoft CTO Kevin Scott shared similar sentiments and foresees newer AI models capable of passing PhD qualifying examinations .
The report also indicates that more corporations will join the AI fray and invest trillions of dollars in developing systems to support AI advances, including data centers, GPUs, and more. This is amid reports of Microsoft and OpenAI investing over $100 billion in a project dubbed Stargate to free themselves from an overreliance on NVIDIA for GPUS.
By Joseph Tulloch
On Friday afternoon, Pope Francis addressed the G7 leaders’ summit in Puglia, Italy. He is the first Pope to ever address the forum, which brings together the leaders of the US, UK, Italy, France, Canada, Germany, and Japan.
The Pope dedicated his address to the G7 to the subject of artificial intelligence.
He began by saying that the birth of AI represents “a true cognitive-industrial revolution” which will lead to “complex epochal transformations”.
These transformations, the Pope said, have the potential to be both positive – for example, the “democratization of access to knowledge”, the “exponential advancement of scientific research”, and a reduction in “demanding and arduous work” – and negative – for instance, “greater injustice between advanced and developing nations or between dominant and oppressed social classes.”
Noting that AI is “above all a tool”, the Pope spoke of what he called the “techno-human condition”.
He explained that he was referring to the fact that humans’ relationship with the environment has always been mediated by the tools that they have produced. Some, the Pope said, see this as a weakness, or a deficiency; however, he argued, it is in fact something positive. It stems, he said, from the fact that we are beings “inclined to what lies outside of us”, beings “radically open to the beyond.” This openness, Pope Francis said, is both the root of our “techno-human condition” and the root of our openness to others and to God, as well as the root of our artistic and intellectual creativity.
The Pope then moved on to the subject of decision-making.
He said that AI is capable of making “algorithmic choices” – that is, “technical” choices “among several possibilities based either on well-defined criteria or on statistical inferences”.
Human beings, however, “not only choose, but in their hearts are capable of deciding.”
This is because, the Pope explained, they are capable of wisdom, of what the Ancient Greeks called phronesis (a type of intelligence concerned with practical action), and of listening to Sacred Scripture.
It is thus very important, the Pope stressed, that important decisions must “always be left to the human person.” As an example of this principle, the Pope pointed to the development of lethal autonomous weapons – which can take human life with no human input – and said that they must ultimately be banned.
The Pope also stressed that the algorithms used by artificial intelligence to arrive at choices are “neither objective nor neutral.”
He pointed to the algorithms designed to help judges in deciding whether to grant home-confinement to prison inmates. These programmes, he said, make a choice based on data such as the type of offence, behaviour in prison, psychological assessment, and the prisoner’s ethnic origin, educational attainment, and credit rating.
However, the Pope stressed, this is reductive: “human beings are always developing, and are capable of surprising us by their actions. This is something that a machine cannot take into account.”
A further problem, the Pope emphasised, is that algorithms “can only examine realities formalised in numerical terms:”
The Pope then turned to consider the fact that many students are increasingly relying on AI to help them with their studies, and in particular, with writing essays.
It is easy to forget, the Pope said, that “strictly speaking, so-called generative artificial intelligence is not really ‘generative’” – it does not “develop new analyses or concepts” but rather “repeats those that it finds, giving them an appealing form.” This, the Pope said, risks “undermining the educational process itself”.
Education, he emphasised, should offer the chance for “authentic reflection”, but instead “runs the risk of being reduced to a repetition of notions, which will increasingly be evaluated as unobjectionable, simply because of their constant repetition.”
Bringing his speech to a close, the Pope emphasised that AI is always shaped by “the worldview of those who invented and developed it.” A particular concern in this regard, he said, is that today it is “increasingly difficult to find agreement on the major issues concerning social life” - there is less and less consensus, that is, regarding the philosophy that should be shaping artificial intelligence.
What is necessary, therefore, the Pope said, is the development of an “algor-ethics”, a series of “global and pluralistic” principles which are “capable of finding support from cultures, religions, international organizations and major corporations.” “If we struggle to define a single set of global values,” the Pope said, we can at least “find shared principles with which to address and resolve dilemmas or conflicts regarding how to live.”
Faced with this challenge, the Pope said, “political action is urgently needed.” “Only a healthy politics, involving the most diverse sectors and skills”, the Pope stressed, is capable of dealing with the challenges and promises of artificial intelligence.
The goal, Pope Francis concluded, is not “stifling human creativity and its ideals of progress” but rather “directing that energy along new channels.”
You can find the full text of the Pope's address to the G7 here .
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COMMENTS
Emphasizing clarity and organization: Lastly, the purpose of a report essay is to emphasize clarity and organization. It should be well-structured, with a logical flow of ideas and information. The purpose is to ensure that readers can easily navigate through the essay, grasping the main points and arguments.
Title: You need a comprehensive but concise title to set the right tone and make a good impression. It should be reflective of the general themes in the report. Table of Contents: Your title page must be followed by a table of contents. We suggest writing an entire report first and creating a table of content later.
It should also state the aims and objectives of your report and give an overview of the methodology used to gather and analyze the data. Make sure you include a powerful topic sentence. Main body. The main body of the report should be divided into subsections, each dealing with a specific aspect of the topic.
Essays don't usually include tables, charts, or diagrams. Reports usually include descriptions of the methods used. Essays don't usually refer to the methods you used to arrive at your conclusions. The discussion in a report often comments on how the report research could be improved and extended, and may evaluate the methods and processes used.
Easy Steps to Write a Report. Choose an interesting topic and narrow it down to a specific idea. Take notes as you research your topic. Come up with a thesis, or main theme of your report, based on your research. Outline the main ideas you'll cover in your report. Then, write the first draft.
In an essay-style analytical report, you will likely express this main idea in a thesis statement of one or two sentences toward the end of the introduction. For example, if you found that the academic performance of student athletes was higher than that of non-athletes, you might write the following thesis statement: ...
You've just finished writing Part 1 - the essay, and now it's time to start Part 2. So you turn over the page to find three options: - A review you know - An article you've seen before ... Three steps to writing a report for Cambridge B2 First. Let's begin by taking a look at a typical question for the report. Step One: Make a plan.
Whereas an essay presents arguments and reasoning, a report concentrates on facts. Essentially, a report is a short, sharp, concise document which is written for a particular purpose and audience. It generally sets outs and analyses a situation or problem, often making recommendations for future action.
A report is a well-structured and researched document that informs a specific audience on a particular problem or topic. The purpose of a report is to inform, guide or influence decision making and/or the outcome of a course of action. Writing reports is common in many workplaces. Thus, you often find this form of writing set as an assessment ...
Unlike essays, reports have formal structures: When writing an essay, you need to place your information to make a strong argument; When writing a report, you need to place your information in the appropriate section; Consider the role each item will play in communicating information or ideas to the reader, and place it in the section where it will best perform that role.
Paragraphs are usually shorter in a report than in an essay. Both essays and reports are examples of academic writing. You are expected to use grammatically correct sentence structure, vocabulary and punctuation. Academic writing is formal so you should avoid using apostrophes and contractions such as "it's" and "couldn't". Instead, use ...
2. Follow the Right Report Writing Format: Adhere to a structured format, including a clear title, table of contents, summary, introduction, body, conclusion, recommendations, and appendices. This ensures clarity and coherence. Follow the format suggestions in this article to start off on the right foot. 3.
For a generalised audience. Meaning is conveyed through text. Meaning constructed through sentences. Students often ask the question, What is the difference between a report and an essay? Here we have a helpful summary of the main differences between essays and reports presented in a table and a video.
What you are going to be writing about and the keywords that you would use. As we know, writing a short report essay is the keywords that are the most important. To be able to get that, writing an outline or a draft is necessary before writing the actual report essay. 2. Do Your Research. Something you must do when you are writing a report essay.
Essay writing process. The writing process of preparation, writing, and revisions applies to every essay or paper, but the time and effort spent on each stage depends on the type of essay.. For example, if you've been assigned a five-paragraph expository essay for a high school class, you'll probably spend the most time on the writing stage; for a college-level argumentative essay, on the ...
Elements/What to Include in a Report Writing. 1. Title Page: Includes the report's title, the author's name, date, and other relevant information. 2. Abstract or Executive Summary: A concise overview summarizing the main points, findings, objectives, and conclusions of the report. 3.
An essay needs: an introduction, telling the reader what the essay is about; a main body, containing the 'meat' of the essay, where you outline your particular point of view, while demonstrating awareness of other perspectives or interpretation; a conclusion, summarising the content of the essay clearly and concisely.
Reporting Research Results in APA Style | Tips & Examples. Published on December 21, 2020 by Pritha Bhandari.Revised on January 17, 2024. The results section of a quantitative research paper is where you summarize your data and report the findings of any relevant statistical analyses.. The APA manual provides rigorous guidelines for what to report in quantitative research papers in the fields ...
An essay is written on the basis of subjective analysis of theories and past research, by other people and own ideas, on the concerned subject. As against, a report is objective and factual, which is based on past research, as well as present data and findings. An essay talks about general facts and events along with the writer's personal ...
Reporting verbs vary in terms of strength. Consider the following examples. Smith (2016) assumes that reporting verbs have different strengths. Smith (2016) insists that reporting verbs have different strengths. Although both verbs have the same general meaning, namely believe, the verb assume is quite weak, while the verb insist is much stronger. The second verb most closely matches the ...
Those overlaps reflect an all-in-the family approach to business and politicking that dates back a half-century to the president's first Senate bid, run primarily by his parents and siblings.
In an essay published in The New York Times opinion section on Monday, Dr. Murthy pointed to research showing that teens who spent more than three hours a day on social media faced a significantly ...
I thought of this moment again several years later, when I found my father's kindergarten report card from 1959. A blue piece of cardstock folded in half indicated that Dad had performed well ...
The San Antonio Report offers a $250 stipend for essays capturing the essence of local neighborhoods, encouraging diverse community storytelling.
The report also indicates that more corporations will join the AI fray and invest trillions of dollars in developing systems to support AI advances, including data centers, GPUs, and more.
In an address to the G7 summit, Pope Francis discusses the threat and promise of artificial intelligence, the 'techno-human condition', human vs algorithmic decision-making, AI-written essays, and the necessity of political collaboration on technology.