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What is the purpose of Action Research methodology?
To understand how and why educational theories and practices are developed.
To describe, analyze, and interpret the culture of a group over time.
To interpret and understand social interactions.
To solve a problem or to obtain information in order to inform local practice.
Action research is most appropriate when teachers....
learn the participant views rather than imposing their own view of the situation.
try to correct something that is not working.
control for possible rival hypothesis for extraneous variables
learn how things were done in the past and apply them to current or future events.
What are three types of data to consider in Action Research?
Analysis of documents, questionnaires, and records.
Checklists, observations, and surveys.
Observations, interviews, and analysis of documents.
Anecdotal data, surveys, and interviews.
Which is not an appropriate tool for identifying the problem for research?
Gap Analysis
Critical Thinking
The last stage of action research includes:
Draw inferences, analyze the assumption, and evaluate the project.
Analyze the data, draw inferences, and evaluate the project.
Evaluate the problem, implement the data, and draw inferences.
Formulate the problem, analyze the assumption, and draw inferences.
Which of the following statements is true about Action Research?
AR is a systematic inquiry conducted by teacher researchers, principals, and other stakeholders.
A four-step process of AR is identifying an area of focus, collecting data, analyzing data, and transforming data.
The two main theories of AR are critical and typical.
Critical AR emphasizes the importance of teachers' autonomy.
Action Research is related to bring out change.
Select three advantages of Action Research.
Researchers can develop more effective ways to practice their work.
It can improve educational practice to become more competent professionals.
Identifying problems with existing designs.
It can help teachers identify problems and issues systematically.
Which step is taken after we identify a problem to study?
Analyze the data
Locate resources
Conduct data collection
Develop an action plan
Action Research usually takes place in single setting because...
it is difficult to get permission from different settings.
it is designed to answer issues to improve practice in a particular setting.
researchers do not have the skills to conduct research.
data collection methods are only for single settings.
Which of the following is a characteristic of action research?
Variables are tightly controlled
Results are generalizable
Results can show cause-effect relationships
Only qualitative data is used
"The problems which are identified and evaluated by researchers needs to be restricted to a particular class."
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Student resources, multiple choice quiz.
Take the quiz to test your understanding of the key concepts covered in the chapter. Try testing yourself before you read the chapter to see where your strengths and weaknesses are, then test yourself again once you’ve read the chapter to see how well you’ve understood.
Tip: Click on each link to expand and view the content. Click again to collapse.
PART A: PRINCIPLES AND PLANNING FOR RESEARCH
1. Which of the following should not be a criterion for a good research project?
b. Is dependent on the completion of other projects
2. Which form of reasoning is the process of drawing a specific conclusion from a set of premises?
d: Deductive reasoning
3. Research that seeks to examine the findings of a study by using the same design but a different sample is which of the following?
b: A replication study
4. A researcher designs an experiment to test how variables interact to influence job-seeking behaviours. The main purpose of the study was:
d: Explanation
5. Cyber bullying at work is a growing threat to employee job satisfaction. Researchers want to find out why people do this and how they feel about it. The primary purpose of the study is:
c: Exploration
6. A theory:
a: Is an accumulated body of knowledge
7. Which research method is a bottom-up approach to research?
c: Inductive method
8. How much confidence should you place in a single research study?
a: You should trust research findings after different researchers have replicated the findings
9. A qualitative research problem statement:
d: Conveys a sense of emerging design
10. Which of the following is a good research question?
d: Do students with high levels of self-efficacy demonstrate more active job searching behaviours?
11. A review of the literature prior to formulating research questions allows the researcher to :
d: All of the above
12. Sometimes a comprehensive review of the literature prior to data collection is not recommended by:
b: Grounded theory
13. The feasibility of a research study should be considered in light of:
14. Research that uses qualitative methods for one phase and quantitative methods for the next phase is known as:
b: Mixed-method research
15. Research hypotheses are:
c: B but not A
16. Which research approach is based on the epistemological viewpoint of pragmatism?
c: Mixed-methods research
17. Adopting ethical principles in research means:
a: Avoiding harm to participants
18. A radical perspective on ethics suggests that:
d: Ethics should be based on self-reflexivity
19. Ethical problems can arise when researching the Internet because:
b: Respondents may fake their identities
20. The Kappa statistic:
b: Compares the level of agreement between two judges against what might have been predicted by chance
PART B: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
1. Which research paradigm is most concerned about generalizing its findings?
a: Quantitative research
2. A variable that is presumed to cause a change in another variable is called:
c: An independent variable
3. A study of teaching professionals posits that their performance-related pay increases their motivation which in turn leads to an increase in their job satisfaction. What kind of variable is ‘motivation”’ in this study?
c: Intervening
4. Which correlation is the strongest?
5. When interpreting a correlation coefficient expressing the relationship between two variables, it is important not to:
a: Assume causality
6. Which of the following can be described as a nominal variable?
d: Geographical location of a firm
7. A positive correlation occurs when:
b: Two variables move in the same direction
8. The key defining characteristic of experimental research is that:
a: The independent variable is manipulated
9. Qualitative research is used in all the following circumstances, EXCEPT:
d: It is typically used when a great deal is already known about the topic of interest
10. In an experiment, the group that does not receive the intervention is called:
c: The control group
11. Which generally cannot be guaranteed in conducting qualitative studies in the field?
c: Assuring anonymity rather than just confidentiality
12. Which of the following is not ethical practice in research with humans?
d: Requiring participants to continue until the study has been completed
13. What do we call data that are used for a new study but which were collected by an earlier researcher for a different set of research questions?
a: Secondary data
14. When each member of a population has an equal chance of being selected, this is called:
c: A random probability sample
15. Which of the following techniques yields a simple random sample of hospitals?
b: Numbering all the elements of a hospital sampling frame and then using a random number generator to pick hospitals from the table
16. Which of the following statements are true?
b: The smaller the sample size, the greater the sampling error
17. Which of the following will produce the least sampling error?
d: A large sample based on random sampling
18. When people are readily available, volunteer, or are easily recruited to the sample, this is called:
b: Convenience sampling
19. In qualitative research, sampling that involves selecting diverse cases is referred to as:
d: Maximum variation sampling
20. A test accurately indicates an employee’s scores on a future criterion (e.g., conscientiousness). What kind of validity is this?
a: Predictive
PART C: DATA COLLECTION METHODS
1. When designing a questionnaire it is important to do each of the following EXCEPT
d: Use leading questions
2. One advantage of using a questionnaire is that:
c: Interview bias can be avoided
3. Which of the following is true of observations?
b: It is often not possible to determine exactly why people behave as they do
4. A researcher secretly becomes an active member of a group in order to observe their behaviour. This researcher is acting as:
c: A covert participant observer
5. All of the following are advantages of structured observation, EXCEPT:
b: The coding schedule might impose a framework on what is being observed
6. When conducting an interview, asking questions such as: "What else? or ‘Could you expand on that?’ are all forms of:
7. Secondary data can include which of the following?
8. An ordinal scale is:
c: A rank-order scale of measurement
9. Which term measures the extent to which scores from a test can be used to infer or predict performance in some activity?
c: Criterion-related validity
10. The ‘reliability’of a measure refers to the researcher asking:
a: Does it give consistent results?
11. Interviewing is the favoured approach EXCEPT when:
c: High numbers of respondents are needed
12. Validity in interviews is strengthened by the following EXCEPT:
b: Multiple questions cover the same theme
13. Interview questions should:
c: Be delivered in a neutral tone
14. Active listening skills means:
d: Attentive listening
15. All the following are strengths of focus groups EXCEPT:
d: They help maintain confidentiality
16. Which of the following is not always true about focus groups?
c: Participants should come from diverse backgrounds
17. A disadvantage of using secondary data is that:
a: The data may have been collected with reference to research questions that are not those of the researcher
18. All of the following are sources of secondary data EXCEPT:
c: The researcher’s research diary
19. Which of the following is not true about visual methods?
b: The have low resource requirements
20. Avoiding naïve empiricism in the interpretation of visual data means:
a: Understanding the context in which they were produced
PART D: ANALYSIS AND REPORT WRITING
1. Which of the following is incorrect when naming a variable in SPSS?
b: Must end in a full stop
2. Which of the following is not an SPSS Type variable?
3. A graph that uses vertical bars to represent data is called:
a: A bar chart
4. The purpose of descriptive statistics is to:
a: Summarize the characteristics of a data set
5. The measure of the extent to which responses vary from the mean is called:
c: The standard deviation
6. To compare the performance of a group at time T1 and then at T2, we would use:
d: A paired t-test
7. A Type 1 error occurs in a situation where:
c: The null hypothesis is rejected when it is in fact true
8. The significance level
d: Measures the probability of rejecting a true null hypothesis
9. To predict the value of the dependent variable for a new case based on the knowledge of one or more independent variables, we would use
a: Regression analysis
10. In conducting secondary data analysis, researchers should ask themselves all of the following EXCEPT:
c: How can respondents be re-interviewed?
11. Which of the following are not true of reflexivity?
c: It is part of a post-positivist tradition
12. Validity in qualitative research can be strengthened by all of the following EXCEPT:
b: Transcribing interviews to improve accuracy of data
13. Qualitative data analysis programs are useful for each of the following EXCEPT:
d: Generating codes
14. Which part of a research report contains details of how the research was planned and conducted?
b: Design
15. Which of the following is a form of research typically conducted by managers and other professionals to address issues in their organizations and/or professional practice?
a: Action research
16. Plagiarism can be avoided by:
b: Paraphrasing the author’s text in your own words
17. In preparing for a presentation, you should do all of the following EXCEPT:
b: Ignore your nerves
18. You can create interest in your presentation by:
d: Using metaphors
19. In preparing for a viva or similar oral examination, it is best if you have:
c: Published and referenced your own article(s)
20. Grounded theory coding:
d: Stops when theoretical saturation has been reached
Who does what, when a chart showing what is to occur during the study..
Note: This Question is unanswered, help us to find answer for this one
Theory in use explains what we actually do, systemwide action research study in which all organization members work to produce system wide change., ”fixing” a small problem to get the immediately desired result is ______ learning, which forces resisting change and supporting the status quo, a step in the action research cycle in which one thinks about the results, considers strategies for improvement, and begins future planning is called, articulation of the action research project plan is called, studies in which team members and participants jointly frame and conduct research, producing knowledge about a shared problem is participatory action research, a step in the action research cycle in which one collects data and obtains evidence about the success of actions is called, a theory of change that includes a three-step process for producing change in human settings is ______ change theory, in which organization the members work together and grow over time, continually improving the organization as a whole, action research is individual action research planned, designed, and conducted by one primary person, such as a teacher, explanation of action and inaction as resulting from driving and restraining forces is known as ______ theory, identifying and understanding the driving and restraining forces present in a situation is called, studies that provide a feminist lens to help eliminate various forms of sexism and empower women in society is known as feminist action research, the theory or explanation we provide for our in actions is called espoused theory, forces pushing for changes from the current state is called, learning how a problem relates to the system it resides in so that a more satisfying solution can be found is known as ______, problem solving that relies on reflection, observation , and experimentation is known as ______, a person whom you trust to be open, honest, and constructively critical of your work is called, an openly transparent form of ideology-driven research designed to emancipate and reduce oppression of disadvantaged groups in society is called, an action research study in which a team designs and enacts research on one part of an organization is called collaborative action research, finding the best in organization members and working with them to achieve a jointly constructed and shared purpose, vision, and goal is called appreciative inquiry., the science of practice, with the aims of making theories in use explicit and producing a learning organization is called, a place where one records ______ is called action research journal., valuing and thinking like a practitioner and researcher in your job and life is known as action research attitude, applied research focused on solving practitioners’ local problems is called, a synonym for the research proposal that is used by action researchers is called, a step in the action research cycle in which one conducts an exploratory-descriptive study or an ______ invention study is called action phase., there are definite starting and ending points in the action research cycle., action research can be focused on an individual classroom or a large system or school district., action research is an example of a top-down approach to research., according to the book, the field of educational research can benefit from the results of basic and applied research., action research methods include exploratory/descriptive and experimental/intervention methods., in the action research cycle, the phase that involves interpreting results, drawing conclusions, and planning the next project is the ______., which of the following is a weakness of action research, which of the following is a strength of action research, in action research, research questions are created from the researcher’s thoughts about what needs to be improved in which phase of the research cycle, the type of action research that involves using the members of an organization to work together and developing a shared purpose, vision, and goal is called ______., action research is characterized by ______., the phases in the action research cycle are ______., action science is a form of action research that is focused on ______., the type of action research that engages many stakeholders in all aspects of the action research project is ______., action research ______..
1. | |
A. | Wilkinson |
B. | CR Kothari |
C. | Kerlinger |
D. | Goode and Halt |
Answer» D. Goode and Halt |
2. | |
A. | Marshall |
B. | P.V. Young |
C. | Emory |
D. | Kerlinger |
Answer» C. Emory |
3. | |
A. | Young |
B. | Kerlinger |
C. | Kothari |
D. | Emory |
Answer» A. Young |
4. | |
A. | Experiment |
B. | Observation |
C. | Deduction |
D. | Scientific method |
Answer» D. Scientific method |
5. | |
A. | Deduction |
B. | Scientific method |
C. | Observation |
D. | experience |
Answer» B. Scientific method |
6. | |
A. | Objectivity |
B. | Ethics |
C. | Proposition |
D. | Neutrality |
Answer» A. Objectivity |
7. | |
A. | Induction |
B. | Deduction |
C. | Research |
D. | Experiment |
Answer» A. Induction |
8. | |
A. | Belief |
B. | Value |
C. | Objectivity |
D. | Subjectivity |
Answer» C. Objectivity |
9. | |
A. | Induction |
B. | deduction |
C. | Observation |
D. | experience |
Answer» B. deduction |
10. | |
A. | Caroline |
B. | P.V.Young |
C. | Dewey John |
D. | Emory |
Answer» B. P.V.Young |
11. | |
A. | Facts |
B. | Values |
C. | Theory |
D. | Generalization |
Answer» C. Theory |
12. | |
A. | Jack Gibbs |
B. | PV Young |
C. | Black |
D. | Rose Arnold |
Answer» B. PV Young |
13. | |
A. | Black James and Champion |
B. | P.V. Young |
C. | Emory |
D. | Gibbes |
Answer» A. Black James and Champion |
14. | |
A. | Theory |
B. | Value |
C. | Fact |
D. | Statement |
Answer» C. Fact |
15. | |
A. | Good and Hatt |
B. | Emory |
C. | P.V. Young |
D. | Claver |
Answer» A. Good and Hatt |
16. | |
A. | Concept |
B. | Variable |
C. | Model |
D. | Facts |
Answer» C. Model |
17. | |
A. | Objects |
B. | Human beings |
C. | Living things |
D. | Non living things |
Answer» B. Human beings |
18. | |
A. | Natural and Social |
B. | Natural and Physical |
C. | Physical and Mental |
D. | Social and Physical |
Answer» A. Natural and Social |
19. | |
A. | Causal Connection |
B. | reason |
C. | Interaction |
D. | Objectives |
Answer» A. Causal Connection |
20. | |
A. | Explain |
B. | diagnosis |
C. | Recommend |
D. | Formulate |
Answer» B. diagnosis |
21. | |
A. | Integration |
B. | Social Harmony |
C. | National Integration |
D. | Social Equality |
Answer» A. Integration |
22. | |
A. | Unit |
B. | design |
C. | Random |
D. | Census |
Answer» B. design |
23. | |
A. | Objectivity |
B. | Specificity |
C. | Values |
D. | Facts |
Answer» A. Objectivity |
24. | |
A. | Purpose |
B. | Intent |
C. | Methodology |
D. | Techniques |
Answer» B. Intent |
25. | |
A. | Pure Research |
B. | Action Research |
C. | Pilot study |
D. | Survey |
Answer» A. Pure Research |
26. | |
A. | Pure Research |
B. | Survey |
C. | Action Research |
D. | Long term Research |
Answer» B. Survey |
27. | |
A. | Survey |
B. | Action research |
C. | Analytical research |
D. | Pilot study |
Answer» C. Analytical research |
28. | |
A. | Fundamental Research |
B. | Analytical Research |
C. | Survey |
D. | Action Research |
Answer» D. Action Research |
29. | |
A. | Action Research |
B. | Survey |
C. | Pilot study |
D. | Pure Research |
Answer» D. Pure Research |
30. | |
A. | Quantitative |
B. | Qualitative |
C. | Pure |
D. | applied |
Answer» B. Qualitative |
31. | |
A. | Empirical research |
B. | Conceptual Research |
C. | Quantitative research |
D. | Qualitative research |
Answer» B. Conceptual Research |
32. | |
A. | Clinical or diagnostic |
B. | Causal |
C. | Analytical |
D. | Qualitative |
Answer» A. Clinical or diagnostic |
33. | |
A. | Field study |
B. | Survey |
C. | Laboratory Research |
D. | Empirical Research |
Answer» C. Laboratory Research |
34. | |
A. | Clinical Research |
B. | Experimental Research |
C. | Laboratory Research |
D. | Empirical Research |
Answer» D. Empirical Research |
35. | |
A. | Survey |
B. | Empirical |
C. | Clinical |
D. | Diagnostic |
Answer» A. Survey |
36. | |
A. | Ostle |
B. | Richard |
C. | Karl Pearson |
D. | Kerlinger |
Answer» C. Karl Pearson |
37. | |
A. | Redmen and Mory |
B. | P.V.Young |
C. | Robert C meir |
D. | Harold Dazier |
Answer» A. Redmen and Mory |
38. | |
A. | Technique |
B. | Operations |
C. | Research methodology |
D. | Research Process |
Answer» C. Research methodology |
39. | |
A. | Slow |
B. | Fast |
C. | Narrow |
D. | Systematic |
Answer» D. Systematic |
40. | |
A. | Logical |
B. | Non logical |
C. | Narrow |
D. | Systematic |
Answer» A. Logical |
41. | |
A. | Delta Kappan |
B. | James Harold Fox |
C. | P.V.Young |
D. | Karl Popper |
Answer» B. James Harold Fox |
42. | |
A. | Problem |
B. | Experiment |
C. | Research Techniques |
D. | Research methodology |
Answer» D. Research methodology |
43. | |
A. | Field Study |
B. | diagnosis tic study |
C. | Action study |
D. | Pilot study |
Answer» B. diagnosis tic study |
44. | |
A. | Social Science Research |
B. | Experience Survey |
C. | Problem formulation |
D. | diagnostic study |
Answer» A. Social Science Research |
45. | |
A. | P.V. Young |
B. | Kerlinger |
C. | Emory |
D. | Clover Vernon |
Answer» B. Kerlinger |
46. | |
A. | Black James and Champions |
B. | P.V. Young |
C. | Mortan Kaplan |
D. | William Emory |
Answer» A. Black James and Champions |
47. | |
A. | Best John |
B. | Emory |
C. | Clover |
D. | P.V. Young |
Answer» D. P.V. Young |
48. | |
A. | Belief |
B. | Value |
C. | Confidence |
D. | Overconfidence |
Answer» D. Overconfidence |
49. | |
A. | Velocity |
B. | Momentum |
C. | Frequency |
D. | gravity |
Answer» C. Frequency |
50. | |
A. | Research degree |
B. | Research Academy |
C. | Research Labs |
D. | Research Problems |
Answer» A. Research degree |
51. | |
A. | Book |
B. | Journal |
C. | News Paper |
D. | Census Report |
Answer» C. News Paper |
52. | |
A. | Lack of sufficient number of Universities |
B. | Lack of sufficient research guides |
C. | Lack of sufficient Fund |
D. | Lack of scientific training in research |
Answer» D. Lack of scientific training in research |
53. | |
A. | Indian Council for Survey and Research |
B. | Indian Council for strategic Research |
C. | Indian Council for Social Science Research |
D. | Inter National Council for Social Science Research |
Answer» C. Indian Council for Social Science Research |
54. | |
A. | University Grants Commission |
B. | Union Government Commission |
C. | University Governance Council |
D. | Union government Council |
Answer» A. University Grants Commission |
55. | |
A. | Junior Research Functions |
B. | Junior Research Fellowship |
C. | Junior Fellowship |
D. | None of the above |
Answer» B. Junior Research Fellowship |
56. | |
A. | Formulation of a problem |
B. | Collection of Data |
C. | Editing and Coding |
D. | Selection of a problem |
Answer» D. Selection of a problem |
57. | |
A. | Fully solved |
B. | Not solved |
C. | Cannot be solved |
D. | half- solved |
Answer» D. half- solved |
58. | |
A. | Schools and Colleges |
B. | Class Room Lectures |
C. | Play grounds |
D. | Infra structures |
Answer» B. Class Room Lectures |
59. | |
A. | Observation |
B. | Problem |
C. | Data |
D. | Experiment |
Answer» B. Problem |
60. | |
A. | Solution |
B. | Examination |
C. | Problem formulation |
D. | Problem Solving |
Answer» C. Problem formulation |
61. | |
A. | Very Common |
B. | Overdone |
C. | Easy one |
D. | rare |
Answer» B. Overdone |
62. | |
A. | Statement of the problem |
B. | Gathering of Data |
C. | Measurement |
D. | Survey |
Answer» A. Statement of the problem |
63. | |
A. | Professor |
B. | Tutor |
C. | HOD |
D. | Guide |
Answer» D. Guide |
64. | |
A. | Statement of the problem |
B. | Understanding the nature of the problem |
C. | Survey |
D. | Discussions |
Answer» B. Understanding the nature of the problem |
65. | |
A. | Statement of the problem |
B. | Understanding the nature of the problem |
C. | Survey the available literature |
D. | Discussion |
Answer» C. Survey the available literature |
66. | |
A. | Survey |
B. | Discussion |
C. | Literature survey |
D. | Re Phrasing the Research problem |
Answer» D. Re Phrasing the Research problem |
67. | |
A. | Title |
B. | Index |
C. | Bibliography |
D. | Concepts |
Answer» A. Title |
68. | |
A. | Questions to be answered |
B. | methods |
C. | Techniques |
D. | methodology |
Answer» A. Questions to be answered |
69. | |
A. | Speed |
B. | Facts |
C. | Values |
D. | Novelty |
Answer» D. Novelty |
70. | |
A. | Originality |
B. | Values |
C. | Coherence |
D. | Facts |
Answer» A. Originality |
71. | |
A. | Academic and Non academic |
B. | Cultivation |
C. | Academic |
D. | Utilitarian |
Answer» B. Cultivation |
72. | |
A. | Information |
B. | firsthand knowledge |
C. | Knowledge and information |
D. | models |
Answer» C. Knowledge and information |
73. | |
A. | Alienation |
B. | Cohesion |
C. | mobility |
D. | Integration |
Answer» B. Cohesion |
74. | |
A. | Scientific temper |
B. | Age |
C. | Money |
D. | time |
Answer» A. Scientific temper |
75. | |
A. | Secular |
B. | Totalitarian |
C. | democratic |
D. | welfare |
Answer» D. welfare |
76. | |
A. | Hypothesis |
B. | Variable |
C. | Concept |
D. | facts |
Answer» C. Concept |
77. | |
A. | Abstract and Coherent |
B. | Concrete and Coherent |
C. | Abstract and concrete |
D. | None of the above |
Answer» C. Abstract and concrete |
78. | |
A. | 4 |
B. | 6 |
C. | 10 |
D. | 2 |
Answer» D. 2 |
79. | |
A. | Observation |
B. | formulation |
C. | Theory |
D. | Postulation |
Answer» D. Postulation |
80. | |
A. | Formulation |
B. | Postulation |
C. | Intuition |
D. | Observation |
Answer» C. Intuition |
81. | |
A. | guide |
B. | tools |
C. | methods |
D. | Variables |
Answer» B. tools |
82. | |
A. | Metaphor |
B. | Simile |
C. | Symbols |
D. | Models |
Answer» C. Symbols |
83. | |
A. | Formulation |
B. | Calculation |
C. | Abstraction |
D. | Specification |
Answer» C. Abstraction |
84. | |
A. | Verbal |
B. | Oral |
C. | Hypothetical |
D. | Operational |
Answer» C. Hypothetical |
85. | |
A. | Kerlinger |
B. | P.V. Young |
C. | Aurthur |
D. | Kaplan |
Answer» B. P.V. Young |
86. | |
A. | Same and different |
B. | Same |
C. | different |
D. | None of the above |
Answer» C. different |
87. | |
A. | Greek |
B. | English |
C. | Latin |
D. | Many languages |
Answer» D. Many languages |
88. | |
A. | Variable |
B. | Hypothesis |
C. | Data |
D. | Concept |
Answer» B. Hypothesis |
89. | |
A. | Data |
B. | Concept |
C. | Research |
D. | Hypothesis |
Answer» D. Hypothesis |
90. | |
A. | Lund berg |
B. | Emory |
C. | Johnson |
D. | Good and Hatt |
Answer» D. Good and Hatt |
91. | |
A. | Good and Hatt |
B. | Lund berg |
C. | Emory |
D. | Orwell |
Answer» B. Lund berg |
92. | |
A. | Descriptive |
B. | Imaginative |
C. | Relational |
D. | Variable |
Answer» A. Descriptive |
93. | |
A. | Null Hypothesis |
B. | Working Hypothesis |
C. | Relational Hypothesis |
D. | Descriptive Hypothesis |
Answer» B. Working Hypothesis |
94. | |
A. | Relational Hypothesis |
B. | Situational Hypothesis |
C. | Null Hypothesis |
D. | Casual Hypothesis |
Answer» C. Null Hypothesis |
95. | |
A. | Abstract |
B. | Dependent |
C. | Independent |
D. | Separate |
Answer» C. Independent |
96. | |
A. | Independent |
B. | Dependent |
C. | Separate |
D. | Abstract |
Answer» B. Dependent |
97. | |
A. | Causal |
B. | Relational |
C. | Descriptive |
D. | Tentative |
Answer» B. Relational |
98. | |
A. | One |
B. | Many |
C. | Zero |
D. | None of these |
Answer» C. Zero |
99. | |
A. | Statistical Hypothesis |
B. | Complex Hypothesis |
C. | Common sense Hypothesis |
D. | Analytical Hypothesis |
Answer» C. Common sense Hypothesis |
100. | |
A. | Null Hypothesis |
B. | Casual Hypothesis |
C. | Barren Hypothesis |
D. | Analytical Hypothesis |
Answer» D. Analytical Hypothesis |
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The best way to get things accomplished is to do it yourself. This statement is utilized in corporations, community projects, and national governments. These organizations are relying on action research to cope with their continuously changing and unstable environments as they function in a more interdependent world.
In practical educational contexts, this involves using systematic inquiry and reflective practice to address real-world challenges, improve teaching and learning, enhance student engagement, and drive positive changes within the educational system.
This post outlines the definition of action research, its stages, and some examples.
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Stages of action research, the steps to conducting action research, examples of action research, advantages and disadvantages of action research.
Action research is a strategy that tries to find realistic solutions to organizations’ difficulties and issues. It is similar to applied research.
Action research refers basically learning by doing. First, a problem is identified, then some actions are taken to address it, then how well the efforts worked are measured, and if the results are not satisfactory, the steps are applied again.
It can be put into three different groups:
All research is about learning new things. Collaborative action research contributes knowledge based on investigations in particular and frequently useful circumstances. It starts with identifying a problem. After that, the research process is followed by the below stages:
For an action research project to go well, the researcher needs to plan it well. After coming up with an educational research topic or question after a research study, the first step is to develop an action plan to guide the research process. The research design aims to address the study’s question. The research strategy outlines what to undertake, when, and how.
The next step is implementing the plan and gathering data. At this point, the researcher must select how to collect and organize research data . The researcher also needs to examine all tools and equipment before collecting data to ensure they are relevant, valid, and comprehensive.
Data observation is vital to any investigation. The action researcher needs to review the project’s goals and expectations before data observation. This is the final step before drawing conclusions and taking action.
Different kinds of graphs, charts, and networks can be used to represent the data. It assists in making judgments or progressing to the next stage of observing.
This step involves applying a prospective solution and observing the results. It’s essential to see if the possible solution found through research can really solve the problem being studied.
The researcher must explore alternative ideas when the action research project’s solutions fail to solve the problem.
Action research is a systematic approach researchers, educators, and practitioners use to identify and address problems or challenges within a specific context. It involves a cyclical process of planning, implementing, reflecting, and adjusting actions based on the data collected. Here are the general steps involved in conducting an action research process:
Clearly define the issue or problem you want to address through your research. It should be specific, actionable, and relevant to your working context.
Conduct a literature review to understand what research has already been done on the topic. This will help you gain insights, identify gaps, and inform your research design.
Develop a research plan outlining your study’s objectives, methods, data collection tools, and timeline. Determine the scope of your research and the participants or stakeholders involved.
Implement your research plan by collecting relevant data. This can involve various methods such as surveys, interviews, observations, document analysis, or focus groups. Ensure that your data collection methods align with your research objectives and allow you to gather the necessary information.
Once you have collected the data, analyze it using appropriate qualitative or quantitative techniques. Look for patterns, themes, or trends in the data that can help you understand the problem better.
Reflect on the analyzed data and interpret the results in the context of your research question. Consider the implications and possible solutions that emerge from the data analysis. This reflection phase is crucial for generating insights and understanding the underlying factors contributing to the problem.
Based on your analysis and reflection, develop an action plan that outlines the steps you will take to address the identified problem. The plan should be specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound (SMART goals). Consider involving relevant stakeholders in planning to ensure their buy-in and support.
Put your action plan into practice by implementing the identified strategies or interventions. This may involve making changes to existing practices, introducing new approaches, or testing alternative solutions. Document the implementation process and any modifications made along the way.
Continuously monitor and evaluate the impact of your actions. Collect additional data, assess the effectiveness of the interventions, and measure progress towards your goals. This evaluation will help you determine if your actions have the desired effects and inform any necessary adjustments.
Reflect on the outcomes of your actions and the evaluation results. Consider what worked well, what did not, and why. Use this information to refine your approach, make necessary adjustments, and plan for the next cycle of action research if needed.
Remember that participatory action research is an iterative process, and multiple cycles may be required to achieve significant improvements or solutions to the identified problem. Each cycle builds on the insights gained from the previous one, fostering continuous learning and improvement.
Explore Insightfully Contextual Inquiry in Qualitative Research
Here are two real-life examples of action research.
Action research initiatives are frequently situation-specific. Still, other researchers can adapt the techniques. The example is from a researcher’s (Franklin, 1994) report about a project encouraging nature tourism in the Caribbean.
In 1991, this was launched to study how nature tourism may be implemented on the four Windward Islands in the Caribbean: St. Lucia, Grenada, Dominica, and St. Vincent.
For environmental protection, a government-led action study determined that the consultation process needs to involve numerous stakeholders, including commercial enterprises.
First, two researchers undertook the study and held search conferences on each island. The search conferences resulted in suggestions and action plans for local community nature tourism sub-projects.
Several islands formed advisory groups and launched national awareness and community projects. Regional project meetings were held to discuss experiences, self-evaluations, and strategies. Creating a documentary about a local initiative helped build community. And the study was a success, leading to a number of changes in the area.
Lau and Hayward (1997) employed action research to analyze Internet-based collaborative work groups.
Over two years, the researchers facilitated three action research problem -solving cycles with 15 teachers, project personnel, and 25 health practitioners from diverse areas. The goal was to see how Internet-based communications might affect their virtual workgroup.
First, expectations were defined, technology was provided, and a bespoke workgroup system was developed. Participants suggested shorter, more dispersed training sessions with project-specific instructions.
The second phase saw the system’s complete deployment. The final cycle witnessed system stability and virtual group formation. The key lesson was that the learning curve was poorly misjudged, with frustrations only marginally met by phone-based technical help. According to the researchers, the absence of high-quality online material about community healthcare was harmful.
Role clarity, connection building, knowledge sharing, resource assistance, and experiential learning are vital for virtual group growth. More study is required on how group support systems might assist groups in engaging with their external environment and boost group members’ learning.
Action research has both good and bad points.
LEARN ABOUT: Self-Selection Bias
This post discusses how action research generates knowledge, its steps, and real-life examples. It is very applicable to the field of research and has a high level of relevance. We can only state that the purpose of this research is to comprehend an issue and find a solution to it.
At QuestionPro, we give researchers tools for collecting data, like our survey software, and a library of insights for any long-term study. Go to the Insight Hub if you want to see a demo or learn more about it.
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Action research is a systematic approach to inquiry that involves identifying a problem or challenge in a practical context, implementing interventions or changes, collecting and analyzing data, and using the findings to inform decision-making and drive positive change.
Action research can be conducted by various individuals or groups, including teachers, administrators, researchers, and educational practitioners. It is often carried out by those directly involved in the educational setting where the research takes place.
The steps of action research typically include identifying a problem, reviewing relevant literature, designing interventions or changes, collecting and analyzing data, reflecting on findings, and implementing improvements based on the results.
Jun 17, 2024
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A. An applied research
B. A research carried out to solve immediate problems
C. A longitudinal research
D. All the above
Answer: Option B
This Question Belongs to General Knowledge >> Teaching And Research
Related Questions on Teaching and Research
Most important work of teacher is
A. To organize teaching work
B. To deliver lecture in class
C. To take care of children
D. To evaluate the students
A teacher should be
B. Diligent
D. Punctual
Environmental education should be taught in schools because
A. It will affect environmental pollution
B. It is important part of life
C. It will provide job to teachers
D. We cannot escape from environment
At primary level, it is better to teach in mother language because
A. It develops self-confidence in children
B. It makes learning easy
C. It is helpful in intellectual development
D. It helps children in learning in natural atmosphere
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Action Research Question 6 Detailed Solution. Download Solution PDF. Action Research is research intended to solve practical problems of an individual or a group or an institution through planned intervention in day-to-day working. Here, the emphasis lies on solving problems through the adoption of alternative practices.
27: Your role as a researcher and the power you may have over your research participants will not affect how you collect data for an action research study. A. True. B. False. Check Answer. Learn and test your knowledge with our Action Research Method MCQs. These Free Action Research Method multiple-choice questions and answers are presented in ...
18: Kemmis, McTaggart, and Nixon (2014) describe seven features of participatory action research from social spheres that include ______. A. School, educator, and student input. B. Cultural, economic, and political contexts. C. School and community engagement. D. Student to student interactions. Check Answer.
Action research is a process especially adopted for improving the teaching-learning situation. It is a deliberate, solution-oriented investigation that is done in a group or personally. Key Points The main objective of action research - Diagnostic - It helps in finding solutions to the problems most suited to the situation.; It helps in developing better communication between the teacher and ...
40 MCQ on Research Methodology. Boost your research methodology knowledge with this comprehensive set of 40 multiple-choice questions (MCQs). Test your understanding of key concepts, study designs, data analysis, and ethical considerations in research. ... Action-research is: (A) An applied research (B) A research carried out to solve immediate ...
Action Research MCQ. In _____, there is a personal relationship with the participants, as they are known to the participants and should set clear boundaries. Practitioner action research. The reporting phase. The reflection phase. Semi-structured interviews. Answer.
To learn more about this kind of research, review the accompanying lesson called Action Research in Education: Methods, Examples & Quiz. This lesson covers the following objectives: Define action ...
100 Questions (and Answers) About Action Research identifies and answers the essential questions on the process of systematically approaching your practice from an inquiry-oriented perspective, with a focus on improving that practice. This unique text offers progressive instructors an alternative to the research status quo and serves as a ...
Get Types of Research Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ Quiz) with answers and detailed solutions. Download these Free Types of Research MCQ Quiz Pdf and prepare for your upcoming exams Like Banking, SSC, Railway, UPSC, State PSC. ... Action research is a participatory, democratic, and empowering form of research that aims to bring about immediate ...
Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Action researchers build up an action research attitude when bearing in mind areas of possible enhancement, potential consequences, and _____., An action researcher develops an action research attitude when they consider areas of possible improvement, unique tactics to attempt, and _____., The phrase "Doing that would mean . . ."
1. Action research is. Research which involves participants in some sort of physical activity; Conducted by participants rather than being about them; No different from everyday activities involved in improving professional practice; Not bound by ethical principles because it is part of the normal quality improvement cycle
10 seconds. 1 pt. According to Nunan, which of the following is NOT a major characteristic in the definition of action research? It is carried out by practitioners (eg: classroom teacher). It is aimed at changing things. It is carried out by using of oral interviews. It is collaborative. 2. Multiple Choice.
Check Answer. When you engage research participants in the process of identifying, investigating, and implementing interventions for a problem of practice, this is called ___________________. Participatory action research. Qualitative research. Quantitative research. Grounded theory research. Check Answer.
Action research MCQ - Multiple Choice questions mock exam. Multiple Choice questions mock exam. Course. Research Methodology (BNV4131) 34 Documents. Students shared 34 documents in this course. University Nelson Mandela University. Academic year: 2023/2024. Uploaded by: Reaoboka Mathibedi. Nelson Mandela University. 0 followers.
Action research is a research method that aims to simultaneously investigate and solve an issue. In other words, as its name suggests, action research conducts research and takes action at the same time. It was first coined as a term in 1944 by MIT professor Kurt Lewin.A highly interactive method, action research is often used in the social sciences, particularly in educational settings.
Research Methodology MCQ (Multiple Choice Questions) with Multiple Choice Questions, Questions and Answers, Java MCQ, C++ MCQ, Python MCQ, C MCQ, GK MCQ, MCQ Preparation, General Science MCQ, etc. ... Explanation: Participatory action research is a kind of research that stresses participation and action. 12) Which one among the following ...
1. Multiple Choice. 30 seconds. 1 pt. What is the purpose of Action Research methodology? To understand how and why educational theories and practices are developed. To describe, analyze, and interpret the culture of a group over time. To interpret and understand social interactions.
Multiple Choice Quiz. Take the quiz to test your understanding of the key concepts covered in the chapter. Try testing yourself before you read the chapter to see where your strengths and weaknesses are, then test yourself again once you've read the chapter to see how well you've understood. Tip: Click on each link to expand and view the ...
Research Aptitude - MCQs with Answers - Part 2 1.Dramaturgical interviewing is carried out through _____ a) Case study b) Debating c) Role playing ... 5.Action research is a type of _____ a) Applied research b) Quantity research c) Survey research d) Population research View Answer / Hide Answer.
Action Research for Lifelong MCQs: Learn Educational Research and Methods Chapterwise. Quizack made these Action Research for Lifelong multiple choice questions to enhance your Educational Research and Methods knowledge.
Action research: C. Analytical research: D. Pilot study: Answer» C. Analytical research discuss. 28. ... (RM) multiple choice questions and answers, Research Methodology (RM) Important MCQs, Solved MCQs for Research Methodology (RM) , Research Methodology (RM) MCQs with ...
Stage 1: Plan. For an action research project to go well, the researcher needs to plan it well. After coming up with an educational research topic or question after a research study, the first step is to develop an action plan to guide the research process. The research design aims to address the study's question.
Action-research is : a) An applied research b) A research carried out to solve immediate problems c) A longitudinal research d) All the above ... Read More: MCQ Type Questions and Answers. Arithmetic Ability; Competitive Reasoning; Competitive English; Data Interpretation; General Knowledge; State GK; History; Geography