business plan for garri production

Garri Processing Business Plan [Sample Template]

By: Author Tony Martins Ajaero

Home » Business Plans » Agriculture Sector » Agro Processing

Are you about starting a garri processing company? If YES, here is a complete sample garri processing business plan template & feasibility report you can use for FREE .

Okay, so we have considered all the requirements for starting a garri processing business. We also took it further by analyzing and drafting a sample garri processing marketing plan template backed up by actionable guerrilla marketing ideas for garri processing businesses. So let’s proceed to the business planning section.

Garri is one of the most staple Nigerian diets because not only is it cheap, but it is easy to make and can be taken in majorly two ways that are fast to prepare. Those in the garri business know that this is the fastest way to make money especially in the agro processing industry.

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While the business is one guaranteed to bring a lot of money for any entrepreneur, it is however not an easy business and is highly capital and labor intensive. To start this business, you would require previous experience in the field or simply carry out a thorough research that will enable you know what is needed in the course of starting and running the business.

If you do not have an inkling of how a business plan is written. That is fine because you can use an existing template to start working on yours. Below is a sample garri processing business plan that should aid you in writing your own business plan;

A Sample Garri Processing Business Plan Template

1. industry overview.

Cassava, the raw material used to make garri is a source of food to nearly three quarter of the world population. The crop is regarded as a staple diet in most developing countries in the world, and is ranked the third after rice and maize. Cassava is popular because it can grow even the poorest conditions (poor soil and inadequate rainfall).

Nigeria is the largest producer of Cassava in Africa; producing over 41 million metric tons per annum, followed closely by the Democratic Republic of Congo. Most Cassava used in Nigeria are grown in the Southern parts of the country (South West, South- south, and South East) and in the Middle Belt and are mostly used to meet domestic demands within the country.

Globally however, Thailand is the largest producer of this crop as they produce and export cassava products worth over $20 billion annually.

This therefore makes Garri one of the major products from processed cassava the staple food for almost all Nigerians, as about 75% of Cassava is processed into Garri. According to statistics, about 130 million people – both in rural and urban areas – consume 12 million tons of garri annually.

This is the reason why most entrepreneurs are going into the garri processing business especially as this product is recession proof. The recent economic downturn in the country has seen more and more people turning to Garri.

According to reports, any entrepreneur going into this business will make immense profit, as the reports show that demand for this product is not only stable but increasing even though there are few close alternatives to Garri.

Garri can be consumed in two ways – the cold process and the hot process, and while there is no substitute for the garri consumed via the cold process method, the few substitutes available for garri taken during the hot process are expensive, which leaves consumers with no alternative than to stick to garri.

Also, another factor in favor of the garri demand is the growth the population which has pushed the demand for garri and has also caused more garri processing businesses to crop up to be able to meet the growing demand.

2. Executive Summary

Koko Quality Garri Processing Ventures is a business that has been registered under the Corporate Affairs Commission (CAC) and also legally licensed by the National Agency for Food Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC) here in Ogun State. We have also acquired the necessary licenses needed to run a plant without running afoul of the law here in Ogun State.

Our aim of starting this business is to ensure that our clients both domestic and international get processed garri of the finest quality. We intend to process for sale white garri (Ijebu and normal) and yellow garri so as to be able to cater to our teeming customers.

We know how vital it is to be located in a place that is convenient for both our customers and employees. Our garri processing plant therefore is located in a conspicuous area and close to the road, which makes the location very strategic for our suppliers and distributors as well as our customers.

This fact alone we know is enough to make us become the leading brand that we hope to become in the industry. Due to our desire to attain and retain the leadership position amongst our peers in the industry, we intend to pursue excellence both in the processing and delivery of our processed garri to customers.

Due to this fact we intend to hire and train only the best employees who will be able to deliver our vision and communicate our brand to our existing and potential customers.

We also know how valuable our customers are to us and so we intend to treat them right by offering them excellent customer service of a standard never seen before in this industry. Our clients will be able to reach us physically and even online as we will be available through all avenues to be able to attend to their inquiries, orders, suggestions and complaints.

Koko Quality Garri Processing Venture is owned and managed by Alhaji Taofeek Lateef with input from several member of his extended family. Alhaji Taofeek Lateef will be involved in the day to day operation of the garri processing plant.

Alhaji Taofeek Lateef has a B. Sc in Agric Economics from the University of Ilorin and is presently running an MBA from the University of Ibadan. He has vast experience in the agro processing industry and will therefore bring his knowledge to bear in this business.

3. Our Products and Services

Koko Quality Garri Ventures is a business that has been licensed by the National Agency for Food Drug Administration and Control to process garri that will be used in households as well as in commercial places.

We have also registered with the Corporate Affairs Commission and have fulfilled all other necessary obligations that will enable us make profit and grow as a business. Some of the products and services we intend to indulge in as a business includes;

• White garri (Ijebu and normal)
• Yellow garri
• Consultancy Services
• Training and Coaching

4. Our Mission and Vision Statement

• Our vision is to be the preferable garri for customers in Ijebu, Ogun and the whole of Nigeria as well.
• Our mission is to ensure we process garri of the highest quality using the best machines and resources. We also intend to ensure that our processed garri does not only meet the needs of our household clients but become a profitable business for our partners and distributors.

Our Business Structure

Knowing how our vision is to be the most preferable garri for our customers, we have decided to ensure that we draft a business structure that will allow us not only achieve all our intended goals and objectives but also enable us build a solid business foundation as well.

One of our top priorities is to ensure that we hire the best professional hands that have the required necessary experience, are dedicated and that will ensure that the business runs smoothly. We intend to ensure that our employees get the best training obtainable in this industry and also have welfare packages that will place our companies as one of the best places to work in.

We also intend to provide excellent customer service by hiring those with the experience of handling customer orders and complaints efficiently. We know how important it is to get the right fit for this task as they will be communicating and representing the brand to our various customers.

Those we intend to employ to handle various tasks with assigned roles and responsibilities for the growth of Koko Quality Garri Ventures include;

Managing Director

Admin Manager

Marketing and Sales Executive

Purchasing Manager

Accountant/Cashier

Store Manager

Front Desk Officer

Security Guard

5. Job Roles and Responsibilities

• Makes strategic decision on behalf of the company and ensure its implementation
• Represents the company especially in areas of contracts and negotiation with high level clients
•  Controls overall resources and expenditures
• Ensure that the business is financially secured
• See to the day-to-day running of the business
• Handles the sourcing and recruitment of able hands to run the business
• Communicates the vision and corporate culture of the business to employees
• Sees to the welfare and promotion of employees
• Create a workable marketing strategy and plan for Koko garri business
• Develop a workable budget in collaboration with the Managing Director and Accountant
• Responsible for using conventional and non-conventional means to attract clients
• Carry out market research so as to have a better understanding of the target market
• Sources for reliable vendors and suppliers for the business
• Prepare purchase orders and requisitions on behalf of the company to suppliers and vendors
• Maintain accurate report of goods ordered for and those received
• Develop a workable budget for the purchasing department in collaboration with the Managing Director and Accountant
• Carry out a thorough analysis of the income and expenditure of the business
• Works with the Managing Director to prepare a workable budget for the business
• Resolve discrepancies that have occurred by reconciling bank statement with cash statement
• Work with the purchasing manager and offer advices and suggestions where necessary
• In charge of store and inventory by keeping an accurate logbook detailing stock levels
• Ensures that the store is conducive and well maintained
• Ensures that the racks and shelves are stocked properly so that products do not fall off unnecessarily
• Ensures that the store is well secured to prevent theft
• Promptly answers phone calls of customers either for orders or inquiries
• Responsible for scheduling necessary appointments
• Ensures that guests sign in and out so as to verify their identity
• Acts as a liaison between management staffs and clients
• Responsible for securing the premises and properties of Koko quality garri processing venture
• Prevent any security related incident from occurring especially within official premises
• Report any suspicious activity to the relevant department
• Be alert at all times especially at entry and exit points within the premises
• Ensure that the premises is kept clean at all times
• Ensure that the restrooms are clean for staff and customers
• Replenish restroom with necessary facilities
• Report broken or spoilt facilities to management
• Ensure that the products are transported and delivered to its proper destination
• Keep detailed records by maintaining a log book recording distance traveled and fuel consumed
• Ensure that van is in good shape to take the journey
• Carry out regular maintenance and light repairs on the delivery van

6. SWOT Analysis

Even though garri might be a very popular food taken by almost anyone, starting the business and becoming profitable is another ball game altogether, as this is a business that is both capital and labor intensive. Since we have the required cash in starting and operating the business, we also intend to hire the best hands that will help run the business profitably.

However, just like any business out there, we know that we have certain strengths that will ensure we become industry leaders, and several weaknesses that we would need to work on if we intend to become successful.

To this end, we hired a reputable business consultancy firm to carry out a critical examination and help us identify these traits (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats) so that we might avoid certain pitfalls as a young business. Below is a of the critical SWOT analysis that was done on behalf of Koko Quality Garri Processing Ventures;

Our location in Ijebu, Ogun State is one of our greatest strengths as it means we are close to mega cities like Lagos State which is a thriving market, as well as other important states.

While most garri processing businesses focus on producing only Ijebu garri or plain white garri, we are going a step further to ensure we produce yellow garri as well, this action alone has attracted more customers to our business and give us leverage over our competitors in the same industry.

Also, in addition to our products, we offer training and consultancy services for small scale start-ups. Our other strengths lie in the fact that we have employed the best hands in the industry, who not only understand the garri business perfectly but also understand our vision and working towards it as well.

Our perceived weakness stems from the fact that we are operating in just one location which will seriously limit our vision of supplying to our target markets all over Nigeria. However, we are determined not to see this as a business, as we intend to expand as soon as we have begun making profit and are stable enough.

• Opportunities

Due to the fact that we are amongst the first garri processing businesses to offer more than white garri, this has cemented our role in front and has led to many start-ups requiring trainings from us, which will help boost our revenue base, especially as most of them are not close competitors.

This has also led us to consider the benefits franchising might bring to us in the near future, should we continue getting requests such as these.

Our threats are not really that significant, as there are really no government policies or economic downturn to worry about, but like every business, we take all threats seriously, and intend to act proactively to reduce or eliminate the threat.

The threat facing our business will be from having a strong competitor operating same products from around the same location.

7. MARKET ANALYSIS

• Market Trends

Garri is one of Nigeria’s staple diets and is taken in every home. If you intend starting your own garri processing business, then you will need a land where you will not only install your facility, but it must also be near as possible to your source of raw materials – which for this instance is the cassava farm.

This will help decrease the costs that will be spent on transporting your necessary raw materials from a very far location. Also, you would need to ensure that your facility is hygienic as well as conducive enough for your employees as well as the clients that would want to visit for business purposes.

A trend in the business is having several storage facilities in strategic locations all around Ogun State and Nigeria in general; this is so as to be close to customers, increase awareness about the brand and also increase patronage for the business, thereby boosting revenue.

8. Our Target Market

The target market for garri is very huge as almost every home and everyone takes this product. However, more people are likely to take one color of garri than the other depending on their location. We intend to carry out a thorough market survey that will allow us determine the quantity that would be needed to be processed for each color of garri.

Even though almost everyone takes garri in one form or the other, we are still required to market our product so as to become a preferable brand to our customers, either existing or potential. Our target market includes; households, schools, restaurants, hotels, caterers, students, single males and females.

Our Competitive Advantage

Every business that is established with the intention of making profit and intends to compete favorably with others in the industry knows that it needs to draft competitive advantage strategies that will enable it to have an upper hand over other businesses in the same industry.

Having a competitive advantage means knowing what aspects of our business are our strengths and would give us the needed advantage we would need.

One of our major competitive advantages is in our hiring or the best professionals in the industry who understands the garri processing business and has keyed into our vision of becoming the best in the agro processing industry. Our professionals will work in the best environment and have enviable welfare packages.

Also, we intend to constantly train our professionals so that their skills can be enhanced which will invariably lead to higher productivity that will be beneficial to the company in the long run. Our excellent customer service is one of our primary strength that will ensure we have competitive advantage over our competitors.

It is a well known fact that most Nigerian businesses do not invest in their customer service. However, we at Koko quality garri processing ventures know that a good customer service will increase the retention rate for our company by over 80%.

Our customer service executives are the best in the field and have a vast knowledge of garri and so will be able to inform customers, attend to requests, orders and complaints promptly and efficiently.

We intend to participate in community programs and school events as a way of getting close to our customers. We know that once customers identify with our efforts at integrating into the community through social participations, then patronage towards our business will increase.

Lastly, we intend to effectively deploy the use of the internet by using our websites and social media platforms to give customers tips and engage our customers in discourse that will further better our industry and even our customers as well.

9. SALES AND MARKETING STRATEGY

• Sources of Income

Koko Quality Garri Ventures like any other business is established with the aim of making profit. However, our profit generation will not only come from one source as we intend to exploit other different means so as to increase the revenue base of our company.

Our main focus while diversifying will still be garri processing. Koko Quality Garri Ventures intends to generate income from the following sources;

• Sale of processed white garri (Ijebu and normal)
• Sale of processed yellow garri

10. Sales Forecast

While garri might be a staple diet taken by almost everyone, we are however aware of the fact that everyone cannot buy from one source, this does not mean that there aren’t garri processing businesses that have a large share of the market than others.

These businesses have certain factors going for them, chief of which is location. We therefore after having carried out various feasibility studies, have seen that our location is favorably suited to increase our sales.

Another factor in our favor is the fact that most garri processing businesses in Ogun State and around process only white garri (Ijebu and normal) which limits them to just certain segments of the market. However, our additional product (yellow garri) is guaranteed to not only enlarge our revenue base but also ensure we make enough profit to run our business without external injection of funds in the first three months.

Our sales forecast was carried out critically by a reputable business consultant that was hired for this purpose. The sales forecast is based on information gathered from other already established business and start-ups both in the garri processing industry in Ijebu, Ogun State.

Based on location, the sales projection for Koko Quality Garri Processing Ventures is stated below:

• First Fiscal Year-: N5,500,000
• Second Fiscal Year-: N9,000,000
• Third Fiscal Year-: N16, 000,000

N.B: The above sales projection is totally in line with what is obtainable in the industry. The projections are also based on the fact that all factors that were considered during the analysis remain constant – such as the economy, lack of strong substitutes, and the arrival of no major competitors. Also, it is worthy to note that at any given point in time, the above projections might be higher or lower.

• Marketing Strategy and Sales Strategy

Marketing is a very important aspect of any business, for without marketing a business can fail. Marketing has a double advantage as it not only generates revenue for the company but also ensures that awareness is created for the company directly or indirectly.

It is therefore important that marketing strategies be drafted before a business becomes operational. During the course of running the business, these strategies would need to be constantly monitored and reviewed, with the less effective strategies being dropped or modified by the Managing Director in collaboration with the marketing and sales team for the growth of the business.

At Koko Quality Garri Ventures, we intend to ensure that we adopt several marketing strategies towards ensuring that our existing customers are aware of our drive towards success. Also, our sales strategies will be done in such a way as to ensure we penetrate the market, therefore creating a wider reach.

To achieve this, we intend to ensure that we develop just the right strategies that will not only keep our loyal customers glued to us but also attract new customers as well. Some of the marketing sales strategies that we intend to use are:

• Place adverts in local newspapers as well as in local radio stations about our garri
• Visit markets and introduce Koko quality garri to garri traders (wholesalers and retailers)
• Throw a unique opening launch party that will attract interest
• Use our official website to vigorously promote our garri processing business
• Empower our marketing and sales team to positively push and better communicate our brand to customers
• Create unique and engaging handbills and distribute them in strategic locations
• Engage in one on one marketing
• Encourage our loyal customers to refer us to others
• Mae use of our social media platforms to promote our products and services

11. Publicity and Advertising Strategy

Due to the fact that almost everyone takes garri, there have sprung up many garri processing businesses all striving to get a share of the market.

Even though we believe that our products and services are uniquely different from that of our competitors, we still believe that we would need an intense publicity so as to ensure increased customer awareness and also increase our earnings therefore solidifying our spot amongst the leading brands in this industry.

We know how important it is however for us to ensure that we are well known in Ijebu, Ogun State before spreading our wings and expanding to other states and invariably, the whole of Nigeria.

Therefore, most of our publicity and advertising strategies would first be focused on Ogun State where we not only intend to increase awareness about our products and services to existing and potential customers but also ensure that our activities leave our business etched in the mind of the public.

Some of the platforms we intend to use in publicizing and advertising our garri processing business include;

• Using our van in road shows to tell people in targeted areas about our products and services
• Placing adverts in local newspapers and on radio stations
• Distributing fliers and legally posting same in strategic points
• Sponsoring school and community relevant activities
• Creating a website and using the platform to increase awareness of our existence
• Using social media platforms such as Facebook to promote our products and services as well as engage our audience
• Use recognized holidays to organize socially relevant programs
• Ensure that all our staff wear customized tee shirts that will allow customers know of our business
• Create a unique logo and slogan that can be easily remembered by existing and even potential clients

12. Our Pricing Strategy

Setting the right price for a product is very important as this can either draw more customers to one’s business or make them go to over to competition instead.

Garri is priced depending on the quantity that is bought by the customer. We intend to have different pricing options for our bulk buyers and our normal buyers. We do not intend to charge higher than what our competitors are currently offering neither do we intend to charge too low so as not to cause an unnecessary price war.

Our pricing will also be done in such a way that all our costs – overhead and running expenses – are adequately covered, so that we do not run at a loss. We would however consider selling a bit lower than current market price in our first few months of operation, so as to attract more customers to our business.

• Payment Options

At Koko Quality Garri Venture, we intend to ensure that we have a payment policy that caters to all our different customers regardless of the category. Our payment options are in line with the financial regulations of the Ogun State government and that of Nigeria as a whole.

The payment options that we intend to make available to our teeming customers include;

• Payment via Point of Sale (POS) Machine
• Payment via Cheques
• Payment via Cash
• Payment via Bank Transfer
• Payment via Bank Draft

Because we always have the convenience of our customers in mind, we have carefully chosen platforms with our ban which has a great reputation that will ensure that our products and services are paid for without stress to either us or our customers.

13. Startup Expenditure (Budget)

Setting a budget before a business becomes operational is very vital. The budget allows an entrepreneur know what exactly would be required for the business to become successful and where to allocate resources to.

While it might be in one’s favor to find out what the general start-up budget is for this kind of businesses, it is also pertinent to note that our own budget might eventually be lower or higher depending on several factors such as location, existing government policies and economic conditions.

However, since our intention is to start on with low costs when necessary, we intend to ensure that some of the equipment we would need to use are gotten at fairly used. We do not intend to get the main processor as fairly used as we want something that would last us for a very long time.

Some of the requirements we would need to fulfill in order to successfully start our garri processing business are;

• Fees for incorporation and other legal requirements – N100,000
• Obtaining of licenses and permits as well as accounting software – N150,000
• Insurance coverage (general liability, property insurance and workers’ compensation) – N50,000
• Facility rent for a year and renovation – N350,000
• Operational cost for at least three months (employees’ salary, bills payments) – N250,000
• Cost of purchasing and installing garri processing equipment – N3,000,000
• Cost for start-up inventory (Cassava, Palm Oil) – N800,000
• Cost of storage facilities (racks, ventilation) – N100,000
• Cost of hiring business consultant – N50,000
• Cost of fairly used distribution van – N800,000
• Other start-up expenses (furniture, phone, computer, printers, stationeries) – N200,000
• Marketing budget (for promoting launch activities and the business generally for at least a year) – N150,000
• Cost of launching a website – N30,000
• Cost of garri processing plant launch – N50,000
• Miscellaneous – N50,000

Based on the above estimate, we would require at least N3.2 million in order to successfully start and run a standard garri processing plant in Ijebu, Ogun State. The amount accounts for all expenses for at least three months to a year, which includes employee’s salaries and other operating expenses.

Generating Funding/Startup Capital for Koko Quality Garri Processing Business

Having the required start-up capital for any business you intend starting is very essential. Any entrepreneur who does not have the capital necessary to start a business might see his business idea remaining just a dream and not becoming a reality.

The necessity of having finance is also necessary so that the business can run smoothly, and generate enough money to fully run itself.

Koko Quality Garri Ventures is a business owned by the Lateef family, an entrepreneurial family with businesses in various industries. This has always been regarded as one family business that do not intend to source for external investors. However, due to growth and expansion plans, we intend sourcing for capital from just two sources.

The areas which we intend to source for start-up capital for our business includes;

• Sourcing for loans from family members
• Sourcing for loans from Micro-finance bank

N.B: Having been able to generate N3.2 million from family members, we were able to get approval for the sum of N3,000,00 from a reputable micro-finance bank with a good interest rate and repayment option that will not stifle the growth or our business.

14. Sustainability and Expansion Strategy

Every established business’ aim is to make enough profit that will sustain the company and also ensure that growth and expansion takes place. However, before we can make this profit, we know that certain factors need to be in place to ensure that we have a chance at sustainability.

The reason why most businesses exist is because of its customers, as without having any customers, one’s business might not only remain stagnant but fail in the end, because customers inject money into the business that will keep it running.

Due to this fact, we intend to ensure that we treat our customers right by ensuring we promptly attend to their requests, orders and complaints. We also intend to ensure that our loyal customers and those who refer us are given discounts on certain quantity of garri they buy from us.

Having customers isn’t enough, but hiring the right people into the right positions is also paramount to us. Our employees will not only be professionals with vast experience, we also intend to ensure that they have the best welfare package necessary to improve their productivity, and also the best training to enhance their skills and make them better than their peers in the same industry.

Aside having the required start-up capital necessary to start the business, we know that if the above factors are correctly done, we will be successful at not only sustaining the business and also expanding the business in the long run as well.

Check List/Milestone

• Business Name Availability Check:>Completed
• Business Registration: Completed
• Opening of Corporate Bank Accounts: Completed
• Securing Point of Sales (POS) Machines: Completed
• Opening Mobile Money Accounts: Completed
• Opening Online Payment Platforms: Completed
• Application and Obtaining Tax Payer’s ID: In Progress
• Application for business license and permit: Completed
• Purchase of Insurance for the Business: Completed
• Conducting Feasibility Studies: Completed
• Generating capital from family members: Completed
• Applications for Loan from the bank: In Progress
• writing of business plan: Completed
• Drafting of Employee’s Handbook: Completed
• Drafting of Contract Documents and other relevant Legal Documents: In Progress
• Design of The Company’s Logo: Completed
• Graphic Designs and Printing of Packaging Marketing / Promotional Materials: In Progress
• Recruitment of employees: In Progress
• Creating Official Website for the Company: In Progress
• Creating Awareness for the business both online and around the community: In Progress
• Health and Safety and Fire Safety Arrangement (License): Secured
• Opening party / launching party planning: In Progress
• Establishing business relationship with vendors – wholesale suppliers / merchants: In Progress
• Purchase of trucks: Completed

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Cassava is a very important food crop that is capable of providing food security. However, a lot of problems prevent the development and use of modern equipment for its production. Most of the cassava produced still comes from peasant farmers who depend on manual tools for their field operations and these farmers have made Nigeria the world's largest producer of the crop. An increase in production of cassava to sustain the world food security needs improved machinery to allow its continuous cultivation and processing. Reasons for the low success recorded in the mechanization of cassava harvesting and processing were traced, and the attempts that have been made in the recent past by various engineers in Nigeria researching towards achieving mechanized harvesting and processing of cassava are well explained. The machinery required for cassava production in Africa, the development of new machines, and the need for more research and development in harvesting and processing machineries, which can reduce poverty worldwide and make food available and accessible for all, are also discussed. Research efforts made and the challenges facing the engineers, farmers, scientists and food processors towards achieving mechanical harvesting and processing of cassava are presented. Breeding a cassava variety with a regular shape for easy mechanization is one solution that could help the engineers worldwide.

Abstract Improper management of solid wastes and problems of pollution have been the bane of life of many urban community residents in Nigeria. Waste generation is an inevitable fact of living. With increase in population and industrial activities come the increase in waste generation. One of such industries is the agro-food processing industries. In Nigeria, cassava is a food item predominantly processed, being a starchy staple food crop which can be converted into myriads of edible and industrial raw materials. Recognising the importance of cassava food crop and its growing production rate in Ibadan, south-western Nigeria, this study focused on evaluating the cassava production activities in six selected cassava processing sites in the city. The cassava roots delivery rates, the waste generation rates, waste composition, cassava processing energy needs and the attitudes of the people towards cassava waste management were some of the issues investigated. Results showed that the percentage and composition of solid waste (Peels and bagasse) and liquid waste generated during cassava processing depends on the nature of the final product and this varied also according to market demand of products. Fufu (cooked cassava paste after fermentation) produced more liquid waste and baggase than cassava starch and garri (toasted cassava granules). Fufu was produced more frequently than other products due to its much-reduced production cost and high market demand as compared to other products. It was found out that all of the solid wastes produced were organic in nature and can be recycled, recovered and reused. Between 25 – 30% of the cassava peels and bagasse were utilized as feedstock for livestock (goat and pigs) while the remaining 70 – 75% of cassava peels, bagasse and waste effluent were discharged indiscriminately into nearby bushes and water bodies. The only source of energy for processing fufu and garri is firewood which is usually obtained from cutting down forest trees. The study came up with a low-cost, sustainable strategy to provide an alternative renewable energy source to firewood which will also ensure a proper solid waste management for the cassava processing industries. Keywords: Cassava waste, rural regions, sustainable development, renewable energy, Nigeria

Proceedings of 50 th AnnuallConferenceeoffAgriculturallSocietyoffNigeria(ASN) " Abia " NRCRI U m u d i k e | 3 r d – 7 t h O c t o b e r 2 0 1 6 | ABSTRACT Economic of garri processing in Ivo Local Government Area of Ebonyi was studied using 100 garri processors selected using multi-stage random sampling technique. Structured questionnaire were used to collect data bothering on the objectives of the study. The results showed that garri processing is profitable in the study area with average profit value of N23,914. Furthermore, among the constraints to garri processing were inadequate rawmaterials,highhlabourrcostanddpoorraccessstoocredit.Policiesthatwilllenhanceeprocessors'accessstoocredits and raw materials should be formulated. INTRODUCTION Cassava is a major root crop grown for food, cash and raw materials for agro allied firms in form of starch, alcohol and among others. It is the second most important staple crop after maize in terms of calories consumed (Nweke, 2004). Nigeria is the highest producer of cassava in the world with annual production of 38.179 million metric tons (IITA, 2005; Onwumere, 2010). Post-harvest deterioration is a major problem with the crop and tackling this problem will open the crop potentials in fighting poverty. FAO (2004) reported that amongst the ways to overcome the aforesaid problem is through processing. Processing has the capability of reducing the bulkiness of the crop, reduction in transportation costs, extends shelf life as well as adding value to the products (Anyaegbulam, 2010). In Nigeria among the major staples, cassava can be processed into, garri is the most popular and indispensable staple food (Mensa, 2002). The reasons include it is ready to eat, storable and easily processed to conform to the organoleptic preference of the consumers (FAO, 2004). Statistics on garri consumption according to Anyaegbulam (2010) reported that approximately 28.41 million people and 31% of Nigerian community consume garri once, twice and thrice daily respectively. Cassava is processed into garri at village levels by variety of small scale methods using graters, millers and pressers. Nevertheless, these processors are beset with problems bothering on climatic factors, inadequate raw materials, high cost of labour, firewood problems, especially during rainy season, high energy costs. Others are poor access to credit, high cost of machine spare parts and competition among processors (Ezedinma and Otti, 2001; FAO, 2004). The study tends to examine the profitability of the enterprise and the constraints confronting garri processors.

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African Journal of Food Science, 2011

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Garri processing business in Nigeria: Everything you need to know

Who would have thought that garri processing will become one of the lucrative business in Nigeria before, it was just a food business left in the hand of old men and women in the village, until recently when some entrepreneur saw the profitability of garri processing, though many people are now into it the increase in demand of garri still dwarf the supply perhaps because of increase in the price of other staple food.

Garri business will always be profitable because it is a food common to both rich and poor, mention garri in any home and they will tell you deferent way of preparing it.

To start the business is not a herculean task though it require 7 figures capital nonetheless it is not hard to start once you get the basics, which is the main purpose of this article.

Before we go into the steps of creating garri business, I will like you to take note of the following

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Types of Garri

There are no agreed garri types, but the most common varieties are

White Garri If you reside in south west of Nigeria you will know much about this garri as it is mainly produce in that region. As the name imply, white garri is white in color and made up of small particle. Depending on the state where it is been produce it might taste sour, sweet and normal.

This garri is reserve for drinking outside in other region of Nigeria , but can be drink and swallow as Eba in south west of Nigeria. Some of the common varieties of white Garri are

Garri Ijebu Garri Iwo Garri Egba

Yellow Garri It has a yellow color and it is native to South South and South East region of Nigeria. The yellow color is formed when palm oil is added to it and it is added so that it can look appetizing. It is majorly used for making Eba common swallow food in southern region and also in the middle belt.

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Operation of garri processing

To turn cassava into garri, it require four process which are:

1) Peel, wash, grate and ferment cassava by adding large amount of water to it for five to seven days.

2) Using hydraulic press, dewater the soft cassava and grate it again to form slur.

3) Filter the slur to remove undissolved part 4) Then fry it into garri using fryer.

Equipment needed to start garri processing business

Below are the equipment you will need to start garri processing buisness

A hydraulic press Sieving machine Sealer Nylon bags Buckets Frying machine Weighing machine Generator Filter

Niches in Garri processing business

Cassava farming Cassava is the second most lucrative of all the niches of garri business, if you chose this niche your job is to plant cassava, harvest it and sell to processor. This niche require low capital but large expanse of land.

Garri production This is the most capital intensive of all the niches and the most profitable, if you chose this niche your job is to process raw cassava into garri.

Garri distribution This also requires low capital but its profitability depend on how many kg of garri you could sell per day.

The job here is to act as middle between garri processor and consumer; you will buy processed garri from processor and sell to wholesaler or final consumer.

If you have enough money, you can take all the niches at the same time but if not grow from one niche to another, it does not matter where you start from just make sure you grow to have more profit.

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Steps to starting Garri processing business in Nigeria

Feasibility study The first thing you need to do to have a profitable garri business is to conduct a feasibility study, to see if the business will be profitable and how profitable it will be in your proposed location.

Answer the following question in your feasibility study:

How easy to get your raw material (cassava)? How are you going to sell the garri?

What is the purchasing power of your consumer?

Does your proposed location have access to road?

Business plan Bad plan is better than no plan, write down your vision for the business and how you will get there from year to year at least your projection should not be less down two years and maximum of three year for the sake of clarity.

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Though there is high chance that you will sway from your business plan before you reach your second year.

Then why should I write it?

You never can tell you might want to expand your business in the future which certainly will require capital from bank or investor, the first thing they will ask for is your business plan.

Register your business If you are operating small scale garri business you might not border yourself about business registration but if it is medium or large scale please do well to register your business with Corporate Affairs Commission (CAC), it will save you from future confrontation with the authority.

Building your processing plant Depend on your scale of production 1 plot to 3 acres should be enough for your plant and it should be situated in well drain land, please avoid water log area. Your garri pant should be partition into the following section.

Wet section As the name imply, this is where you will carry out cassava peeling, washing, grating, pressing and fermenting.

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Dry section This where you will fry and sieve your garri. It compose of two room one for the operation and the other for packaging and storing.

Source for your raw material There are two way to get cassava which is your raw material; either you plant cassava yourself or buy from farm the major difference between the two is that, your cassava farm can be attacked by disease or pest which might affect your processing.

When sourcing from farmer note the following

To buy at low price buy by acre not bag of cassava, what I mean is that buy yet-to-be uprooted cassava.

Avoid middle men

Take random sample of the cassava and check the inside and outside.

Wherever you buy from make sure it is accessible by road.

When sourcing from your farm note the following

Make sure you plant the stem well; usually it should be 45 degree to the ground.

Weed regularly

To have bountiful harvest, use fertilizer.

Packaging your garri

Common way of packaging garri is to pack it inside 50kg sack containing 20 to 22 paint rubber. Then it will be sealed. To avoid dampness put the garri in an open place and it should be put out of reach of pest.

Marketing I’ve heard about people lamenting that they could not sell their garri, the problem of this people is that they refuse to do their feasibility study, if they do it they will know their target customer and how to reach them.

To avoid this make sure you do your feasibility study and before processing garri get a buying promise form wholesaler or consumer and write down the quantity they promise to buy, please do not exceed this quantity, in fact produce lower than the quantity.

Profit and cost analysis of garri business

Note: the price might have go up or reduce Cost of heavy equipment

Grater – #300,000 Presser – # 150,000 Fryer – # 150,000 Sieving machine – #100,000 Weigh machine – # 50,000 Total = #750,000

Profitability of garri processing business

Let say you will be producing 30 bags of cassava, you will need: 6 tons of cassava = #150,000 Peeling (machine + hand) = # 10,000 Pressing + Frying (labour) = 15,000 Firewood for frying = #10,000 Miscellaneous = #10,000 Total cost = #195,000 1 bag of garri = #15,000 30 bags of garri = #450,000 Profit = #450,000 – #195,000 =#245,000

Challenges of garri processing business

Up and down of garri price Garri price is not regulated it can go up and down at any moment which can affect your business.

Solution Note the season garri price normally go down and when it normarly comes up so as to prepare for such season.

Pest Pest especially rodent are enemy of garri, they can finish 50kg bag in a night. Solution Store your garri well and deal with the rodents by using rat catcher, you can use anything apart from poising.

Spoilage If garri stay long in storage it can get spoil. Solution Process gari you can sell at least in a week.

Question and answer

Is garri business profitable? Very profitable, though it require large capital.

How do I process garri locally It is the same process used in mechanical processing just that instead of using machine you use hand.

The processing steps are:

Peel, wash and soak cassava inside water

Packed the soaked cassava inside thick bag

Tie the bag mouth and place a stone on it to press out the water

Leave it for three to seven days to ferment

After the water is out, separate the undissolved cassava

Grate the dissolved ones (slur) inside large pot.

How profitable is garri processing in Nigeria Garri is very profitable; you can make as much as #1,000,000 profits with operating cost of #450,000

Startuppreneur

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Gari and Cassava production – A small business that can change your life!

Gari and cassava production in Africa is an impressive business opportunity for the continent, especially West and Central Africa.

Cassava is one of the most popular and widely consumed food crops in Africa.

Because it is such an important food in the region and an extremely versatile crop, it is commonly referred to as cornerstone of food security in Africa.

The competing needs for cassava cut across both human and animal consumption. It is fast becoming a popular raw material in industrial production and is now a preferred material for making biofuels.

As Africa’s population and economy continues to grow rapidly, the demand for food staples like cassava has increased. This high demand for various forms of processed cassava is pushing prices to the ceiling.

Several small scale cassava farmers are making a fortune and changing their lives through this business.

Let’s explore the opportunities in cassava production and possible areas you can exploit…

First, an impressive cassava success story from Ghana

Faustina Sakyi , is a very successful Ghanian cassava farmer and Gari producer. Her story (in the video below) is a shining example of the transformational power of this business.

From her small cassava farm in a remote village, she has grown a business that sells gari beyond her country’s borders; to Mali, Niger, Togo and Nigeria.

A brief documentary of Faustina’s inspiring success story

Why is cassava an important food crop for Africa?

Cassava is highly adaptable to the African tropical climate and soils, and remains very popular for producing excellent harvests even when other crops fail. It is also the most widely available source of carbohydrates and dietary energy in Africa.

Processed forms of cassava, especially gari (or garri ), fufu and tapioca, are very common throughout West Africa. Gari is hugely popular in the region as it has traditionally remained cheaper than other carbohydrate sources, especially rice and maize .

This has aptly earned it the nickname “the common man’s food”.

Gari (also Garri or tapioca) is the most widely traded processed cassava product. It is estimated that more than 75 percent of the cassava produced in Africa is processed into gari.

As a result, gari prices are often a reliable indication of the demand and supply of cassava.

However, the price of cassava and its derivatives have increased sharply in the past few years. The population explosion in Africa has made it difficult to produce enough cassava to feed many ‘common’ Africans.

In addition, the raging economic growth of China has made it the largest buyer of African cassava, which it uses as a major ingredient for animal feed for livestock (cattle, pigs etc.).  China is currently responsible for more than 60 percent of global cassava consumption, and is still buying more from Africa (especially Nigeria)!

Combine the growing profile and demand for cassava as a source of biofuels and it becomes very evident that the future demand and prices for cassava is headed for the skies.

The estimated value of the global cassava trade is in excess of US$2 billion annually. However, Thailand, Brazil and Indonesia dominate the international trade in cassava.

Despite its favourable climate, fertile soils and cheap manpower, Africa is yet to fully exploit the huge returns from the global cassava trade.

Due to the very short shelf life (2-3 days) of harvested cassava tubers, inadequate road and power infrastructure, most of the cassava produced in Africa is consumed locally, where it is still unable to address the growing consumption.

As a result, a lot of the cassava harvested every year in Africa become spoilt and never make it to the market. This wastage is estimated to be worth millions of dollars every year.

Market Opportunities for Gari and Cassava production in Africa

Even for small scale entrepreneurs who are unable to participate in the international cassava export market, feeding the local African population with this most basic food stuff remains an interesting and highly lucrative prospect.

What is more interesting is that as humans, animals, industries and biofuels compete for the valuable cassava crop, the prevailing local market prices will continue to explode!

The annual consumption of gari in West Africa is valued at several million dollars (annually) and is expected to grow with the population explosion in the region. For as long as a large proportion of the population in the region remains predominantly poor, gari will continue to be the preferred food product for many years to come.

Gari has several applications in African cuisine and is prepared in very many ways across cultures and countries. It’s really well enjoyed and consumed by both rich and poor.

Gari can be consumed in a variety of ways. The gallery shows different forms of cooked and raw gari creatively expressed for every belly’s pleasure.

Of all the forms of cassava that can generate income, garri is the cheapest and easiest way for entrepreneurs to enter and exploit the processed cassava market. Gari production is a low-cost and largely traditional process and can be done on a small scale.

To produce garri, fresh cassava tubers are washed, peeled, mashed, fermented and fried to produce the coarse-grained product.

A kilogram of Garri fetches up to five times the price of an equal weight of fresh cassava. By adding value to the cassava crop and processing it into a ready-to-eat staple like gari, entrepreneurs can earn a very healthy profit on the open retail market.

In addition to the large local market for gari, there is a huge opportunity, with a much higher profit potential, in exporting this product to the increasing number of Africans living abroad in the US and Europe.

However, there are strict guidelines concerning food exported to these countries. Our article on exporting dried and smoked fish contains some helpful information if you’re interested in exporting gari to foreign markets where the demand of Africans abroad is equally huge.

Success tips for aspiring Gari and Cassava producers…

For any entrepreneur to favourably exploit the opportunities in this market, he/she may have to invest in cultivating the cassava crop on a farm. If you are sure of a steady and very cheap supply of the fresh cassava tubers, you are likely to succeed without your own cassava farm.

However, due to the high perishability of fresh cassava tubers, it may be very challenging to get the tubers to a processing centre or facility fast enough before spoilage starts.

It is also important to note that processed cassava (especially gari) is available in several different varieties. Be sure that your finished gari product appeals to the taste and tradition of your target market.

Gari in Ghana may look and taste different from Nigerian or Togo gari. Even within our different countries, there are still many different types, shades and flavours of gari.

Additives such as palm oil and soya bean are sometimes used to enrich the look, feel, taste and protein content of the product. Understanding the ‘Gari’ needs of your market (quality, packaging etc) is very important so you don’t end up with the right product in the wrong market.

Gari that is not properly processed (especially by manual methods), may not last long in storage due to its high moisture (water) content. You may choose to sell the finished product as soon as it is bagged and ready.

On the contrary, if moisture content in the finished product can be kept very low (using machine production), gari is known to last up to a year in storage and will command premium prices in the market during non-harvest periods.

Some things you should consider before you start a gari and cassava production business

A key success factor in this business is the nearness of a gari processing location to the source of your cassava tubers. Remember, if the tubers are not processed within 48 to 72 hours, cassava may start to spoil.

If your source is far from your processing area, you may have to decide on a very reliable means of transportation to get your tubers to site as soon as possible.

Second, gari production can be a very manual process but the required labour is largely available and cheap. Using labour with previous experience of gari production from the interior villages (where the practice is prevalent) will be very helpful.

However, this traditional manual production of garri is considered to be crude, uneconomic and unhygienic. Investment in cassava processing machinery may help to save a lot of costs and improve the quality of your gari.

Several machines including Cassava graters, Fermentation racks, Hydraulic presses, Automatic Garri Fryers and Vibrating Sieves are available and can make the production process hygienic and economical.

The video below shows the full range of gari processing equipment in action at a plant in the Western region of Nigeria. It shows the processes from the time the cassava tubers arrive at the plant until they are processed into market-ready gari.

This is obviously the type of facility you should look out for in your area. It’ll surely take a lot of manual labour off your hands!

 A quick video showing the different stages of processing cassava into gari  

Interesting resources for the gari and cassava production business in Africa

If your curiousity permits, the following resources will prove to be very useful if you would like to get more market information about the cassava and gari market.

These links are to external websites and we sincerely apologise if they are by any means dead.

• Opportunities in the Industrial Cassava Market in Nigeria : This resource is a study by the International Institute for Tropical Agriculture (IITA). It broadly outlines the various opportunities in cassava production in Nigeria and Africa as a whole. It’s quite eye opening!
• Cassava:  International market profile – This study by the Trade and Market Division of the Food and Agricultural Organisation (FAO), a United Nations agency, provides a very interesting insight into the global cassava trade. Should you need a reason to dream big for your cassava farming business, this is it!

If you have any experience in this area, we’re sure a lot of people reading this would love to learn from you. Please leave a comment in the section below or share this opportunity with a friend.

Remember, you can find more interesting  success stories and business opportunities like this one in the  Business ideas section of Smallstarter.

To your success!

And by the way, if you enjoyed reading this article and you’re thinking of raising capital to start or grow your business, you’ll love my amazing and life-changing FREE course.

Click the course banner below or click here to get started with the course.

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About the author: john-paul iwuoha.

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63 comments.

Standing ovation! You really make gari sound and look like the gold it truly is. Wise entrepreneurs should all be looking gari’s way. The world has barely scratched the surface of what cassava is capable of.

wow! nice one. but my question is how can i started the exporting of this called gari? am from ijebu where this gari been made most in Nigeria. am really interesting in export gari business. and the country(ies) to export it. i will like to hear from you soon

Hello Yemi,

The largest markets for exported gari are the USA and UK (due to the large population of West Africans living in these countries).

While the opportunities for gari export are huge, there are very strict guidelines on exporting food products to these countries that make it tough for small-scale exporters. As a result, most small-scale gari producers have to sell to middlemen who already have licenses and meet many of the stringent import requirements of the US and UK Border Agencies.

We advise that you start with supplying Ijebu gari to the local markets first. As you already know, the demand for gari locally is huge and its prices have been rising.

We’re currently working on an article that fully explains exporting in detail. It’ll surely be useful to you.

Make sure you stick around.

Thanks for dropping a comment!

A pleasant day to all.. I am from Philippines and I lived where there’s a large of amount of cassava was planted by the farmers. We planted cassava but we don’t have any proper idea how to make the real market. I am very interested to concentrate in this business. Please help me how can I make this business started and if it’s possible to know how much money I will invest for the start up of the business.I really appreciate of your reply. Thanks in advance..

Thanks for stopping by.

That’s very true. The Philippines is one of the big producers of cassava in Asia after Indonesia, Thailand, China and Malaysia.

There are various ways you can get more money from your cassava. Because cassava can spoil very fast after it is harvested, most farmers are unable to process it into forms that have a higher market value.

Are there cassava processing plants around you? If you can process your cassava into pellets then you stand a better chance of making better returns.

Cassava pellets are used in the production of animal feed, starch and beer.

As for the startup capital you need, we advise that you visit the Export Promotion Agency in your country (or any Cassava Farmers support group) to find out who the big buyers are and how they want the cassava products processed. That way, you can plan the size of your business.

We hope this helps.

Thanks again for leaving a comment!

I need import dried cassava chips 3000-5000 MT every month, spec such as starch 70% min, if some farmer can supply us the cassava chips, pls feel free to contact us. my email is [email protected]

pls what is likely cost implication of garri processing machine,and where can i get them on time

Hello Olaleye,

There are two options you have to purchase gari processing machinery.

The first is to import from abroad – preferably Asia which has a lot of cassava processing going on and offers these machines at cheap prices. China appears to be the popular destination for buyers. You could check out the results of potential suppliers we found on Alibaba.com – http://www.alibaba.com/trade/search?fsb=y&IndexArea=product_en&CatId=43&SearchText=garri+processing+machinery

The second option is to buy a locally fabricated version which is likely to have built-in features for processing the popular varieties of garri in your area. This option will likely be cheaper and should save you the hassle and time spent on importing.

You could approach a garri processor around you to recommend a local manufacturer.

We hope you find this information useful. And should you need more info, just let us know.

Thanks for visiting and see you around soon! 😉

Dear Olaleye,

Our company specialize in researching and developing, manufacturing and selling garri processing machinery. We have more than 20 years’ successful experience and we have very professional engineers team because we cooperate with our agricultural government to test the processing of garri. If you are interested in our machine, please contact me through email, I will send you all details about our machine then. Hope we can do business in future.

Regards, Michael Tel: +86 371 66738663 Mobile: +86 15138936197 +86 18625529771 Email: [email protected] bizoe-machinery.com.cn

[quote name=”Michael”]Dear Olaleye,

Regards, Michael Tel: +86 371 66738663 Mobile: +86 15138936197 +86 18625529771 Email: [email protected] bizoe-machinery.com.cn[/quote]

You can see that valuable information is being provided here. Do not ruin it by this aggressive marketing of your HIGHLY OVERPRICED equipment. It is either you contribute some useful information here or you stay away please. How many small scale businesses in Nigeria can afford to cough out $145,000?

Seems that you know our price. I guess you have seen our web before and sent an inquiry or maybe more. I should have sent you detailed information about our machine, please pay attention to check. Relative better quality and reasonable price is our core competitiveness. I know Europe machine are more expensive than us and our machine is better than Nigeria local that is why many Nigeria clients came to us in the past one year. I know not all people can afford our price, but we are the lead manufacturer in China for this industry and we can design different machines based on your budget. If you just stare at our price then go away without learning more information from us, so who can you blame, sir?

We have a saying here: if you have a sick man who goes to the doctor, and he is given a drug which is too costly for him, the doctor has not helped that man.

Many business people in Nigeria are finding it hard to access credit from banks because of the 28 – 30% interest rate. In a country where the minimum wage is $100, how can your target market afford equipment that cost $145,000? How many of these “many” Nigerian clients have patronized you? Nigeria has more than 3 million farmers. How many patronized you in the last year?

My line of work entails a lot of research and so I talk with facts.

I have to agree with you Eno. It’s almost impossible to argue with the facts you have raised.

I’m loving the open debate about the affordability of Michael’s machines.

[b]John-Paul[/b] 8)

Good to you all, I am a young and energetic Nigerian ready to work with my hands to achieve my desired aim in life. The Gari processing plant is something i have been nursing in my mind but how to go about it is the problem. Having read this article,i am enlightened and ready to use the available opportunity to start the business. how much do think it will cost to start a manual gari processing plant for now?

Dear Doyin,

Why you want to start a manual garri processing plant? Why not a automatic one? Our company specialize in researching and developing, manufacturing and selling garri processing machinery. We have more than 20 years’ successful experience and we have very professional engineers team because we cooperate with our agricultural government to test the processing of garri. I can help you with a small sized one at the beginning, then add some machines if you want to expand your capacity in future. 200-300kg/h is OK for your start. If you are interested in, please let me know.

Regards, Michael

And you know our machine is not expensive, for a automatic type of 200-300kg/h garri processing machine, you just need to pay 145,000 usd to own it.

Hello Doyin,

We appreciate your feedback and thank you for your interesting question. Here are our comments:

As explained in the article, manual gari processing requires more of human labour/skill than expensive machines. However, because cassava spoils really fast, it’s advisable that you have your own farm. Most people who plant the crop intend to process it into gari and sell. If you can find an arrangement that allows you to buy harvests from farmers and then process it, that’s fine.

When you’re sure of a reliable source for your raw materials (cassava), you can invest in locally made gari processing equipment like graters and friers. Apart from the equipment, you should know how to make the variety of gari that your market wants. For example, gari eaten in Western Nigeria (like Ijebu gari) may not sell well in the East or North of the country. Knowing how to make gari that has the right qualities for your market (taste, colour, flavour etc.) is VERY important. You should also know that when gari is not well processed and contains more moisture than it should, it can spoil very fast. This all shows you why skill and knowledge in processing gari can be more important than equipment.

If you find that garri processing doesn’t work for you, why not try selling the finished product. Buying processed gari is likely to be very cheap in the rural areas where they are available in abundance. You could buy from the local processors and then sell in the cities. However, before you do this, you need to make sure that the demand and price you’ll sell it for in the city can turn you a profit that makes business sense. Look for new and developing parts of the city or town where demand for gari is growing and competition is low.

I hope this response answers your questions? Of course you can always ask more questions if you feel the need to.

I wish you all the luck you need to succeed.

[b]John-Paul[/b] 🙂

NICE ARTICLE, I AM INTERESTED IN SETTING UP A GARRI PROCESSING PLANT SOMEWHERE CLOSE TO LAGOS CITY, I HAVE TRUCKS AND MINI TRUCK THAT I THINK WILL BE HELPFUL TO ME BECAUSE I WILL BE BUYING CASSAVA FROM VILLAGES NOT TOO FAR FROM MY MILL FOR A START THOUGH I DON’T HAVE AN IDEA OF THE PRICE, BUT MY DOUBT IS THE AVAILABILITY OF STEADY MARKET FOR THE ALREADY PROCESSED GARRI BECAUSE I AM THINKING OF PROCESSING 30 TONS OF CASSAVA IN TO GARRI WEEKLY, I DON’T HAVE A FARM, BUT I HOPE TO START FARMING IMMEDIATELY I START THE PROJECT BY JANUARY 2014 BY GOD’S GRACE, BUT CAN YOU TELL ME HOW MANY KILOGRAMMS OF GARRI COME OUT OF 30 TONS OF CASSAVA WHEN PROCESSED? WHERE CAN I GET GOOD LOCALY MADE CASSAVA PEELING AND DE-WATERING MACHINES IN NIGERIA?

Hello Owen,

Thank you for your very detailed comments and questions.

It’s a great idea that you want to start a gari processing plant close to Lagos, Africa’s largest city market. Your plan to buy raw cassava from the rural villages looks workable as most farmers now prefer to sell off their cassava harvest rather than go through a very labour-intensive manual gari processing. For example, cassava peeling machines can peel up to 2,500kg of cassava per hour whereas manual peeling can only accomplish about 20kg in one hour. Due to this low efficiency, more farmers who cannot afford cassava/gari processing machines and equipment find that it pays them more to sell off their raw cassava. We believe you will get good deals if you can promise to buy off their cassava harvests in time before any spoilage sets in.

Having trucks to move raw cassava from its source to your processing facility is a brilliant idea. Cassava has a very short shelf life and will start to spoil just about 2-3 days after harvest. Having your own trucks will save you time (which is critical for raw cassava) and money (you won’t have to depend on other people’s trucks which can be expensive).

About steady market for processed gari, we don’t think that will be a problem. Nigeria alone consumes up to 8 million tons of gari every year processed from nearly 40 million tons of cassava (about 4 tons of cassava yields one ton of garri). Remember, because the demand for gari is so huge, more than 75 percent of all cassava harvested in West Africa is processed into gari. However, we strongly recommend that you start with a much smaller quantity, say 1 ton (instead of your proposed 30 tons). Starting on a much smaller scale allows you to understand the market and how your gari will sell. What if you process all 30 tons (like you are planning) but cannot sell all of it? Remember, gari can also spoil if it’s not handled well or comes in contact with moisture. Try to avoid the temptation to start big. Unless you already have some experience in the gari market and how it works, we advise that you start small and grow your output as the demand for your gari grows.

For gari processing equipment, we came across some information about a company based in Lagos which can help you with gari processing and milling equipment. We advise that whatever equipment you decide to buy should have surfaces protected by Stainless steel. Any other material is likely to rust and may contaminate your gari.

The company’s details are as follows: [b]Cassava Millers Limited[/b] 45 Charity Road, New – Oko Oba, Agege, Lagos, Nigeria. Email: [email protected] , [email protected] Mobile : +234 08037209102, +234 08058840778, +234 08184330598, +234 08078775210

You should contact them and maybe pay a visit to their office to confirm that they have the machines you want to buy. It would be nice of you to share with us the prices and types of equipment they have in stock so other readers can benefit from the information.

We also found another very interesting guide/manual for small-scale gari processors which will be [b]very useful[/b] to you as you start up your processing facility. It’s a colourful book from the Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) and you can download it at: http://www.iita.org/c/document_library/get_file?uuid=757cf59b-e17a-41c5-ba2a-a5322af5e031&groupId=25357

I hope we have fully answered your questions. If you have any more, don’t hesitate to ask and we’ll do the best we can to get you the answers you need.

Good luck with your brilliant idea. We look forward to sharing your success story here on smallstarter.com!

I stumbled on your detailed write-up at a needed period when i’m thinking of starting a casava farm in ogun state. It was my research on cassava farming that prompted me to open this site. My concern is getting a market for the sales of havested tubers. Please Sir, how do i locate market for the products? keep up the good work. Many Thanks.

Hello Adebayo,

Thank you for your interesting question. The facts on the ground show that farmers do not benefit enough in the cassava business. The real winners who make all the money are processors; people who add value to cassava by converting it to more stable and consumable products like gari, chips or flour.

Because raw cassava cannot last long after harvest (about three days), farmers are usually under a lot of pressure to sell off their harvests before it gets rotten. Because farmers cannot store harvested cassava (like yams, maize etc) until a time when prices are more favourable, many cassava farmers end up making pennies for all their hardwork.

Unless you can find an exclusive buyer who will give you a good price for your cassava harvest, you must start to think beyond just owning and operating a farm. You need to get involved in processing your cassava into a form that will fetch much more money than raw cassava. Gari, dry cassava chips and flour are processed forms of cassava that are more stable and allow you to make more money from your farm.

If you’re only interested in running a cassava farm and finding buyers for your raw harvest, I can almost guarantee you that the buyers you find will offer you very low and annoying prices. You shouldn’t blame them. Raw cassava is very cheap because everyone who owns it is under pressure to sell before it goes rotten. Add some value to your cassava by processing it into one of the forms mentioned above so you can fetch higher prices.

If you don’t have money to buy your own cassava processing equipment, you can always take your harvested cassava to a processing plant around you and have them process it for you for a fee.

Have we answered your question well enough? Please let us know if you’d like to know anything else.

Thanks for asking these questions. We’re sure more readers will benefit from this reply.

Great information and innovative machines. Please how much is your peeler, greater and the frier? How long will it take you to fabricate and deliver the machines after making payment within Southwest Nigeria? Do you support sale of the machines with free training?

Hi Odunayo,

Thank you for your questions. We don’t sell anything on smallstarter.com but we share a lot of information that will help you to start and succeed in any small business you choose.

Don’t be disappointed though. It won’t be long before somebody who has the information you’re looking for will post it here. That’s what we do here; we share. 🙂

Just in case you find the information somewhere else, please share it here so that other readers can benefit too.

Thanks again for taking the time and effort to ask your questions. We really appreciate it!

[b]John-Paul[/b] 😉

Hello Odunayo,

We have found an experienced local specialist in gari processing equipment who fabricates and installs the full range of machines needed to convert raw cassava into gari.

We have visited the equipment fabrication facility in Ibadan (South West Nigeria) and are impressed with the scale, capacity and pricing of the equipment. The quotes are as follows:

1. [b]Grater[/b]: [u]N160,000 (about $1,000)[/u]. This machine, which grinds the peeled and washed cassava into a pulp or mash, can process up to 4 tons of raw cassava in one day.

2. [b]Presser[/b]: [u]N150,000 (about $930)[/u]. This machine comes with a 30-ton hydraulic jack and does an easy job of squeezing all the water out of the mashed cassava.

3. [b]Sieving machine[/b]: [u]N160,000 ($1,000)[/u] can process up to 4 tons of grated and pressed cassava mash. This is the machine that separates the fibre/lumps before frying.

4. [b]Fryers[/b]: There are basically two types of fryers – mechanical and metal trays. The mechanical fryer sells for [u]N450,000 (about $2,800)[/u] while the metal trays sell for [u]N75,000 (about $470 each)[/u]. While the mechanical fryer is much more expensive, it can process more gari in a shorter time than the metal trays which require human labour. However, both still get the frying job done.

5. [b]Peeler:[/b] While the traditional method of hand-peeling cassava is still useful, the peeling machine reduces waste, saves time and labour, and does more work in a short time. Like we stated in a previous comment, it can peel up to 2,500kg of cassava in an hour while manual peeling can only process 20kg. The peeler is the most expensive machine of the whole range as it sells for [u]N650,000 (about $4,000)[/u].

[b]For those on a tight budget..[/b] A small scale processing plant with the full range of machines can produce up to [u]1 ton of gari (about twenty 50kg bags) in a day[/u]. [b]If you are on a tight budget[/b], you could remove the mechanical fryer and peeling machine from your list since they are the two most expensive options. However, you will require more labour and produce below the max capacity as a result.

[b]Payment terms:[/b] 80% upfront to place the order and 20% upon installation and completion of work. The average duration between the time you place an order and when the equipment is installed is [u]4 weeks.[/u]

The quoted prices do not include the cost of transportation to your facility. All equipment will be shipped from the fabrication facility in Ibadan. Depending on your location in Nigeria or West Africa, the cost of shipping will vary.

[b]Installation[/b] To install the equipment, a space of about 30ft by 60 ft will be required. A shed with a dwarf (window level) wall may be suitable. Water supply and electricity should be in place to support the processing equipment.

The cost of installation is FREE. However, you may have to provide any necessary materials needed to mount/install the equipment such as wood, cement blocks etc.

After the training, a trial run of the processing equipment will be carried out to confirm that everything works.

[b]Training[/b] A FREE training session will be given to your personnel who will operate the equipment. The training course will cover gari processing techniques, equipment handling and workshop safety.

[b]Guarantee[/b] Our partner guarantees six months of machine performance but this does not cover wear and tear parts such as belts, crushing shafts and bearings.

[b]Further information[/b] If you would like to book an appointment to inspect the equipment or would like to make additional enquiries, you could email us at [b]mail[at]smallstarter.com[/b]

[b]John-Paul[/b]

I’m interested in the machine you explained above.

How do i contact you. I already sent an enquiry mail to [email protected] .

Hello Stephen,

I trust you have received a response to your email. Cheers.

Can u gimme the company name so i caan include it with the quotation in m proposal… Thanks

We make a hammer-mill, hand press, and toasting pan for processing cassava into gari here in the U.S. We ship thru Missionary Expediters. We have a unit operating in Sierra Leone. Package price is around $3200 USD depending on the equipment you want. See this link http://harvestchapelmission.org/page/1b-hammermill-sierra-leone

Thank you for this elaborate Gari gallery of products. Cassava has the potential to combat hunger and with the dishes you have displayed malnutrition can be eradicated too. More Mrenda, ewadu (jute) vegetable can make a big nutrition and food security difference. Africa embrace cassava Gari. We have started in Busia Kenya with nutrient enhanced from palm oil and soya beans. Mothers simply reconstitute with warm water and pack it for children’s lunch.

Thanks for your kind feedback and for sharing your interesting work with palm oil and soya beans in Busia, Kenya. We look forward to reading more comments from you.

Good Article It as been my dream to go into cassava business, since I read an article about it online. But I don’t no anything about it. But after going through your article I discovered that you kind of discouraged going into cassava production instead of garri processing. Pls, advice me on which one to go for which I can also start small.

Hello Opaleye,

Thank you for taking the time and effort to leave a comment. I’m sure other readers will benefit from the knowledge and insights we’ll share.

It’s OK if you don’t know anything about the cassava/gari business. We’ll summarise the whole thing for you.

To process gari, the important things you need are [b]raw cassava[/b], the [b]skill[/b] to make gari and [b]machines[/b] to process it.

[b]Raw materials[/b] – there are only two ways to get the cassava raw material you need. It’s either you have your own farm from which you harvest raw cassava, or you buy from farmers who already farm and harvest their own.

It’s a good option if you can find sufficient land and cheap labour to plant, look after and harvest the cassava. Most Cassava species are ready for harvest after six months and can stay in the ground for up to two years without spoiling. Within this period you can harvest and sell to buyers or you can use the harvest to process your own gari.

If you don’t plan to have a farm and intend to buy raw cassava from farmers, it saves you the stress of farming. However, the cost of cassava may be unprofitable for your gari business depending on your location.

[b]Skill[/b] – You can learn to process gari yourself and then hire workers whom you will teach or you can just go ahead and employ skilled gari makers in the rural areas to produce the gari for you.

An easy way to learn would be to pay a visit to your village (I’m sure there’s a lot of gari frying going on there). Visit the local people who process gari and beg (or pay) them to teach you. The techniques are very easy and you should know everything you need within one day.

If you’re not interested in knowing the process, you can just take your raw cassava to a gari processing plant and pay them to process your cassava into the gari end product. Simple and easy but it will cost you.

[b]Machines[/b] – There are some parts of the gari making process (especially grating) which require machines. All the other processes can be done by hand but the volume of gari you can produce using these manual methods are much smaller than a fully-mechanized process.

You can either invest capital and buy your own machines, or like we stated earlier, you can take your raw cassava to a processing plant and pay them to do it for you.

This, my friend is the whole story of the cassava/gari business!

I hope we have given you enough information to act on?? If you need to know anything else, just ask and we’ll share our knowledge with you right away.

Thanks again for leaving a comment and don’t forget to share your progress in the business with us.

Thanks so much for the info on the prices of the different basic machines needed. Kindly help confirm if they all require electricity or are fuel ( petrol n diesel) driven.

Our equipment is primarily designed for diesel power. However be can also supply electrical drive if preferred. Our hammer-mill for mashing the cassava is available without an engine for $990 USD if you already have one. The hand press is $535 USD and the toasting pan is $150 USD. All are available in stainless steel or nickel plated for an additional fee. The hammer-mill comes with 5 different size screens to make corn meal and process other crops when not processing cassava. It can also be used to process the gari into flour after toasting. See this link for equipment available. http://harvestchapelmission.org/view/sustainable

Monin Pls can u give me d prices of those machine in Naira. I am interested in fufu machine, gari, starch and flour. Pls I need accurate price in Nigeria naira. Thank u

[quote name=”BEN”]Thanks so much for the info on the prices of the different basic machines needed. Kindly help confirm if they all require electricity or are fuel ( petrol n diesel) driven.

Thank you.[/quote]

All the machines we quoted in the list are powered by an electricity-powered motor. Of course the source of this electricity can be a diesel or petrol powered generator or directly from the grid of any power company.

We strongly recommend electric-powered machines to reduce the possibility of contamination of the processed gari by diesel, petrol, engine oil or smoke. These substances can physically change the colour of your gari or affect its taste or smell.

Let us know if you have any further questions about these machines and we’ll provide the answers.

Cheers and thanks for taking the time to ask this insightful question.

A real problem here would be that of power. From my estimation, it seems one needs a 25KVA generator to be able to power all the machinery that run on electricity.

Is it more cost-effective to use a diesel gen or an LPG-powered generator?

[quote name=”Eno”]A real problem here would be that of power. From my estimation, it seems one needs a 25KVA generator to be able to power all the machinery that run on electricity.

Is it more cost-effective to use a diesel gen or an LPG-powered generator?[/quote]

Thanks for the interesting observation. Power is indeed a serious problem for many businesses (especially in manufacturing and processing industries) across Africa.

You’re right. A 15 to 25KVA generator should suffice to power all the machines in the range we recommend. As for the cost effectiveness of diesel or LPG, it all really depends on the price and availability of these fuels in your area. In some countries, diesel may be more expensive, but it is more widely available and accessible. Although LPG is a much cleaner and cheaper alternative, its use in the present and future will depend on how easily ordinary business people can access it.

Thanks again for your insightful questions. I’m sure many readers will benefit from our conversation.

Equipment from HCM: The problem with diesel exhaust can be solved with a long exhaust pipe. We also have a hydraulic pump tank that can be run by the Power Cart to power the equipment with hydraulic motors. We are currently testing a hammer-mill running on hydraulics using vegetable oil as the hydraulic fluid. While the hydraulic system is versatile and eliminates the need for grid electric or a generator, it is more expensive. See our website for more details: http://harvestchapelmission.org/view/sustainable

For more details and pricing on HCM equipment please e-mail [email protected]

the machines for gari production pls were can i buy them

Hi Queenslyn,

Thanks for asking. You can contact the local equipment maker we talked about earlier using the contact details below:

[b]Mr. Olumakinde Oni Nucleus Ventures (Nigeria) Limited Makoni Plaza, Off Eleyele Roundabout (Next building after Kappan Petrol Filling Station) Eleyele-Eruwa Road, Ibadan, Oyo State – Nigeria Mobile: 08023058045, 08033660177[/b]

Tell him John-Paul referred you.

Cheers. [b] John-Paul[/b] 🙂

Nice piece of info !

Monin. I v seen d various prices posted but I want it in naira and accurate. I am interested in fufu powder machine, starch,garri and flour at which capacity of production. Also the specific company I can buy them cheaper. I based in abuja. And pls a price of a mini truck. Does it means d flash drier will be imported if d amount is given in dollars. Thank u.

Hi Gregterx,

Thanks for your questions.

Our recommended local fabricator is able to make the machines you need to produce fufu powder, starch and garri. I suggest you contact the company using the details provided in this earlier comment: https://www.smallstarter.com/browse-ideas/agribusiness-and-food/gari-and-cassava-production#comment-374

Depending on the condition of the mini truck (brand new, imported fairly used or locally used), you should find one that costs between N500k and N3 million.

The figures for the machines above are given in dollars for the sake of our readers who are not Nigerian.

I hope this answers your questions.

Thank you for d info. But the prices are not complete, I don’t understand what you mean hammer mill without engine? Is only few d equipment u gave. To be specific, I need those machines, locally or imported. Price and advice on them pls. Flash dryer Wet mixer comp with water tank,spindle,paddle. Mash stirer Hydraulic press Granulator Hammer mill with cyclone electric starter panel etc Stainless milling machine, pulverizer with storage silo etc Cage mill with electric motor starter Cabinet dryer complete with burner,heat exchange blower Fermentation tank with standmish pump etc Packaging machine Weighing machine Those are the equipment I need for my starch, gari,fufu powder and flour production. Can I get them, what’s the price of each imported or locally fabricators. Thank you.

I think I now understand the problem. If you go through the comments under this article, you will notice that we never listed the machines you have mentioned. It’s likely that you are quoting information from a site recommended by another commenter.

Our recommended equipment supplier is a local fabricator based in Ibadan and we have listed the range of equipment and the applicable prices. You can import foreign-made equipment through eCommerce sites like http://www.alibaba.com

John Paul, I’ll like to commend you for the awareness on the vast opportunities that abounds in cassava cultivation and processing. I’m as well into the processing of cassava tubers into Fufu powder. (though I’m still producing on a small scale) I can attest to it that cassava cultivation is a good business, judging from my experience with cassava farmers that I patronise in my neighbourhood. I’m into the production of Prime instant Fufu powder (1.) It’s now odourless after preparation. The complaint of offensive odour has been eliminated. (2.) The preparation time is just within 5mins, against the average 20-30mins that it will take to prepare a wet fufu. Methods of preparation are: It is prepared like you want to make Eba, or like the ibos will say, (gaari); allow water to boil, bring down boiled water pour in a bowl, start pouring PIFP, until it thickens to your desired texture and that’s it. (3) It has a shelf-life of 8months, still retaining the same quality as freshly produced when properly stored. YOU CAN READ MORE ON THE BLOG http://www.chopandquench.com/?p=422 I’ll like to add that I’m quite open to partnership/investment opportunities. My email contact ([email protected])

Toyin I congratulate you on your success about FUFU POWDER. this idea of making fufu powder came to my mind some months ago and i started working on it. even as writing this comment now, i still have the one i have dried but i have not get to the last stage. but to my great surprise i saw your comment today about the same idea. now i know that if God gives someone an idea to work on, and the person hesitated to take action, the idea will surely being given to somebody else. God never play with idea, He values it so much.

but i thank God that the idea is now out for the world to it

Very correct Nathaniel. Ideas belong to those entrepreneurs who take action and not the few who lock them up in their heads and do nothing.

Now you have evidence that the fufu idea works, you can start taking action.

Thanks for leaving a comment.

[b]John-Paul[/b]. 🙂

“IDEAS BELONG TO THOSE ENTREPRENEURS WHO TAKE ACTION AND NOT THE FEW WHO LOCK THEM UP IN THEIR HEADS AND DO NOTHING”…. John-Paul

this is a great motivational words to and i will make it ringing in my head all the time THANKS, I APPRECIATE IT A LOT

Yes! seen somebody already succeed with the my type of idea make me feel so good and it gives more strength courage to take full action.

Thank God for this site. God you John

Nathaniel, your comments are heart warming and very encouraging.

And if i may ask! can you help me to get the process and some of the techniques

Hello Toyin,

Thank you for your kind feedback. It feels good that an entrepreneur in the field can verify the lucrativeness of the cassava business.

I followed the link to the blog and must say that your product is well put together. Attractive packaging, good labeling (including production and best before dates).

It really looks like a great product for Nigerians and other Africans in diaspora looking for a taste of home-made fufu. Have you tried your hands at exporting this interesting product?

Odourless, quick and easy to prepare and a longer shelf life. You have a great value proposition here and I believe it’s only a matter of time before you hit big time success (that’s if you already haven’t).

Thanks for sharing your experience and product. We look forward to more contributions from you as you progress in the business.

Thanks for the info

pls, my name is philip as can see, pls am into garri business and am also a student, pls, how can i get the contact of garri exporter, and how to get my money ontime after supplying.

I was thinkin of ownin a cassava farm and goin into production of garri,starch,chips and whateva the end products are but after readin all the comments I feel strenghten and I will make sure I succed by God’s grace.I reside in Makurdi Benue state I pray and hope the Biz is lucrative

bro paul ur wonderful…i think what u have taught worths more than giving someone dollars he can eat off without innovation..be bless because u may think ur encouraging people but i see it as adding life…ur inspiration is not far fetch to everybody but we dont see it the way u saw it…infact i dont know what to say as am going into pig business…but coming to cassava i have a lot of land in ikorodu but my mind never go to such business…bro paul how can one contact u,,,petters from japan…email [email protected] …phone 085694964484.

Hello Petters,

I’m deeply encouraged by your comment. Thank you very much. You can contact me by leaving your comments and questions here. Or you could send me emails at mail{at}smallstarter.com

I wish you all the best as you make up your mind to take action on a business idea. Taking action is all that really matters.

I look forward to hearing from you!

We are glad that you found strength and inspiration in this article. We wish you all the very best as you plan to take action on this business idea.

Don’t forget to share your experience with us as you make progress.

I want to thank u for your beautiful piece on cassava production. I read it and I was inspired. I would love if the following questions can be answered:

1) Estimate how many tons of cassava can be harvested from 1 hectare and also,how many bags of processed garri would that give you.

2) Mechanical or Manual which give you a good profit maximization.

3) Lastly, ain’t they relevant bodies that control cassava farmers in which one needs to register with? Can you inform me on that.

Thank you for your responses and hoping I can contact you for the assistance to purchase the mechanical equipment.

God bless you.

Hello Nosa,

Thank you for your kind feedback and questions. I’ll answer them accordingly.

1. The amount of cassava that can be harvested from a hectare depends on the quality of the soil, the variety you planted and the way you planted them (crowded or well-spaced). If the soil is fertile, and you cultivated a high-yield variety, it is possible to harvest between 15 to 25 tons of cassava per hectare. This is a good estimate for planning because yields of 40 to 50 tons per hectare are often achievable.

The industry standard is that 4 tons (4,000kg) of cassava will produce one ton (1,000kg) of garri. If you plan to package the processed gari into 50kg bags, it means that every ton of garri will yield twenty 50kg bags. For example, if you harvest 20 tons of cassava from one hectare, that would give you 5 tons of gari (20 tons divided by 4). Five tons (5,000kg) of gari packaged in 50kg bags will give you 100 bags. At the current Lagos (wholesale) rate of N5,000 per bag of garri, that’s a revenue of N500,000.

2. Mechanical production will yield more gari in a shorter time. Manual methods are cheaper but slower. If you plan to produce large volumes of gari and can afford the machines, mechanical may just be the way to go!

3. Yes, there are a number of associations for cassava farmers in Nigeria. The most prominent however is the Nigeria Cassava Growers Association (NCGA). I shall definitely let you know the registration requirements as soon as I find out.

I hope you are satisfied with the answers. Let me know if you need any more info.

John-Paul 🙂

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How To Start A Lucrative Garri Processing Business In Nigeria and Africa: The Complete Guide

Garri processing is a thriving business in Nigeria and other African countries due to the high demand for the product. Garri is a popular food staple made from cassava, a root crop that is widely grown in Nigeria and other African countries. Nigeria is the largest producer of cassava in the world, and as a result, garri processing is a lucrative business in the country.

According to statistics, cassava production in Nigeria stands at about 54 million metric tonnes per annum, with garri production accounting for a significant percentage of the total cassava output. The global demand for garri is also on the rise, with the product being exported to various countries in Europe, Asia, and America.

Garri processing business is a viable option for entrepreneurs in Nigeria and Africa due to its profitability and low start-up costs. The business provides employment opportunities for both skilled and unskilled labor, contributing significantly to the economic development of the region.

In addition to the economic benefits, garri also has several health benefits as it is a good source of dietary fiber, which aids digestion, and contains essential minerals such as potassium and calcium.

Overall, the garri processing business is an excellent investment opportunity in Nigeria and Africa, with high potential for growth and profitability.

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What Is Garri?

Garri is a popular staple food in Nigeria and other West African countries, made from cassava tubers. Its scientific name is Manihot esculenta. The cassava is peeled, grated, fermented, and then sieved to remove excess water before being roasted to produce garri. Garri can be consumed as a meal on its own or used as an ingredient in other dishes.

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What Is The Garri Processing Business In Nigeria and Africa  About?

Garri processing is a business that involves the conversion of cassava tubers into garri, a popular food product in Nigeria and Africa. The scientific name of cassava is Manihot esculenta. The business involves several stages, starting with the cultivation of cassava tubers, harvesting, peeling, washing, grating, fermenting, pressing, and finally, frying. Through these stages, the cassava tubers are transformed into a dry, granular form known as garri.

To start a garri processing business, it is important to conduct research on the best methods of cultivation, harvesting, processing, and packaging. The production yield of garri depends on several factors, including the variety of cassava, the soil type, and the climate. However, with good farming practices and efficient processing methods, it is possible to achieve high yields of garri.

Garri processing is a profitable business in Nigeria and Africa due to the high demand for the product. According to statistics, Nigeria is the largest producer of cassava in the world, with an annual production of over 50 million metric tons. Garri is a staple food in Nigeria, and the country consumes over 2.5 million metric tons of the product annually. Additionally, there is a growing demand for garri in other African countries, as well as in the international market, presenting export opportunities for garri processing businesses in Nigeria.

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Benefits of The Garri Processing Business In Nigeria  and Africa

• High demand: Garri is a staple food in Nigeria and Africa, and its demand is ever-increasing. This guarantees a ready market for garri processors.
• High profitability: The profit margin in garri processing is high, which means investors can make a lot of money from the business.
• Low capital requirement: Garri processing does not require a lot of capital to start, making it an accessible business for small-scale entrepreneurs.
• Minimal waste: Garri processing involves minimal waste, which means a higher yield and more profits.
• Employment opportunities: Garri processing creates job opportunities for people, especially in rural areas where employment is scarce.
• Diversification of the economy: Garri processing contributes to the diversification of the Nigerian and African economies, as it is a non-oil export.
• Improved food security: Garri processing helps to improve food security in Nigeria and Africa, as it provides a readily available and affordable food source.
• Preservation of cassava: Garri processing helps to preserve cassava, a staple crop in Nigeria and Africa, which is highly perishable.
• Promotes agricultural development: Garri processing promotes agricultural development, as it encourages the cultivation of cassava.
• Reduced importation: Garri processing reduces the importation of foreign foods, which saves foreign exchange for the country.
• Source of income for farmers: Garri processing provides an additional source of income for cassava farmers, as they can sell their produce to garri processors.
• Promotes rural development: Garri processing promotes rural development, as it creates employment opportunities and brings development to rural areas.
• Opportunity for export: Garri processing presents an opportunity for export to other countries, which can earn foreign exchange for the country.
• Health benefits: Garri is a good source of carbohydrates and vitamins, and its consumption provides energy and aids digestion.
• Versatility: Garri can be used in the preparation of various dishes, such as eba, fufu, and garri cake, which makes it a versatile food product.

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Health Benefits of Garri 

• Source of carbohydrates: Garri is a rich source of carbohydrates which is an important macronutrient for the human body. It is easily digestible and can provide energy to the body quickly.
• Good for digestion: Garri is a fermented food product, which means it contains good bacteria that can help with digestion and promote gut health.
• Low in fat: Garri is a low-fat food, which makes it a healthier option compared to many other food products.
• Rich in vitamins and minerals: Garri contains vitamins and minerals such as Vitamin C, iron, and potassium which are important for maintaining good health.
• Helps in weight management: Garri can help in weight management as it is low in fat and rich in fiber, which can make you feel full for longer periods.
• Gluten-free: Garri is naturally gluten-free, which makes it a safe food option for people with gluten intolerance or celiac disease.
• Boosts immune system: Garri is rich in Vitamin C which is known to boost the immune system and protect the body against infections.
• Promotes bone health: Garri contains calcium, which is important for bone health and can help prevent osteoporosis.
• Promotes healthy skin: Garri contains Vitamin C which is essential for healthy skin as it helps in collagen synthesis.
• Helps regulate blood sugar: Garri has a low glycemic index, which means it can help regulate blood sugar levels.
• Helps in anemia treatment: Garri is a good source of iron which can help in the treatment of anemia.
• Reduces cholesterol levels: Garri is low in fat and rich in fiber, which can help reduce cholesterol levels in the body.
• Helps in the prevention of heart disease: Garri contains potassium which can help in the prevention of heart disease.
• Good source of antioxidants: Garri contains antioxidants which can help prevent oxidative damage in the body.
• May have anti-inflammatory properties: Garri contains antioxidants that may have anti-inflammatory properties, which can help reduce inflammation in the body.

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Business opportunities in the garri processing business in nigeria and africa.

• Employment Generation: The garri processing business in Nigeria and Africa provides job opportunities for various individuals, from farmers to processors, marketers, and sellers.
• Export Opportunities: The increasing demand for garri in international markets presents a lucrative opportunity for garri processors to export their products.
• Food Security: Garri processing business plays an essential role in ensuring food security in Nigeria and Africa, providing a stable source of food for the population.
• Income Generation: Garri processing business can generate significant income for processors and sellers, contributing to poverty reduction and economic growth.
• Value Addition: The garri processing business adds value to cassava, a primary crop in Nigeria and Africa, making it more marketable and profitable.
• Rural Development: Garri processing business can promote rural development by encouraging cassava cultivation in rural areas, creating job opportunities and improving livelihoods.
• Diversification of Income Sources: Garri processing business provides an opportunity for farmers to diversify their income sources by processing and selling their cassava products.
• Entrepreneurship: The garri processing business can serve as a platform for entrepreneurship, providing individuals with the opportunity to start and run their own businesses.
• Promotion of Local Industries: The garri processing business can promote local industries, contributing to the growth of the economy.
• Access to Credit Facilities: Garri processing business can provide access to credit facilities for processors and farmers, enabling them to expand their operations and increase their income.
• Innovation: The garri processing business can encourage innovation in product development, packaging, and marketing, leading to the creation of new products and markets.
• Promotion of Gender Equality: The garri processing business can promote gender equality by providing equal opportunities for men and women to participate in the business.
• Improved Nutrition: Garri processing business can promote improved nutrition by producing fortified garri, which is rich in essential vitamins and minerals.
• Environmental Sustainability: The garri processing business can promote environmental sustainability by encouraging sustainable farming practices.

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Facts About The Garri Processing Business In Nigeria and Africa

• Garri processing is a lucrative business in Nigeria and Africa, with high demand due to its widespread consumption as a staple food.
• The scientific name for cassava, the main raw material for garri processing, is Manihot esculenta.
• Nigeria is the largest producer of cassava in the world, with an annual output of over 50 million tonnes.
• Garri is the most popular cassava-based product in Nigeria and accounts for about 70% of cassava utilization.
• Garri processing requires minimal investment and can be done on a small or large scale.
• The processing of garri involves peeling, washing, grating, fermentation, pressing, and frying.
• Garri is highly nutritious and rich in carbohydrates, fiber, and some essential minerals such as iron and potassium.
• Garri is gluten-free, making it suitable for people with gluten intolerance or celiac disease.
• Garri is also a good source of energy and can help to prevent malnutrition.
• The demand for garri is high not only in Nigeria but also in other African countries such as Ghana, Togo, and Benin Republic.
• Garri can be processed into different forms such as yellow and white garri, depending on the degree of fermentation and frying.
• Garri can be used to make a variety of dishes such as eba, fufu, and pudding.
• Garri can be stored for a long time without spoiling, making it a popular food item during times of scarcity or emergency.
• Garri processing can create employment opportunities in rural areas where cassava is cultivated.
• Garri processing can also contribute to the economic development of Nigeria and Africa through exports to other countries.
• Garri is great for bodyweight management
• Garri is high in fibre and helps aid digestion
• Garri contain vitamin B17 which helps prevent cancer
• Garri helps soothe diarrhoea
• Garri contains vitamin A which helps improves eyesight
• A cup of garri contains 15% of your daily folate requirement and 47% of the daily calcium requirement.
• Garri helps strengthen your immune system.
• Garri is high in carbohydrates which provides energy.
• Garri is gluten-free
• Garri is gotten from cassava tubers

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Types Of Garri Processing Businesses In Nigeria and Africa

There are various types of garri processing businesses in Nigeria and Africa, including:

• Manual garri processing: This is the traditional method of garri processing, which involves manual peeling, washing, grating, fermenting, and roasting of cassava.
• Mechanized garri processing: This involves the use of machines for peeling, washing, grating, and pressing cassava mash to extract water before roasting.
• Semi-mechanized garri processing: This combines manual and mechanized processes in garri production, with the use of machines for some of the tasks, while others are done manually.
• Small-scale garri processing: This involves processing garri in small quantities for personal consumption or sale in local markets.
• Large-scale garri processing: This is a commercial venture that involves the processing of garri in large quantities for distribution and sale in regional and national markets.
• Export-oriented garri processing: This involves processing high-quality garri for export to international markets.
• Specialty garri processing: This involves the production of garri with added flavors or specialized for specific dietary needs.
• Garri flour production: This involves the production of garri flour, which is used as a raw material for the production of various food products.
• Garri flakes production: This involves the production of garri flakes, which are popular as snacks.
• Garri powder production: This involves the production of garri powder, which is used as a thickening agent in soups, stews, and other dishes.
• Organic garri processing: This involves the production of garri without the use of chemical fertilizers, pesticides, or other harmful chemicals.
• Value-added garri processing: This involves adding value to garri by processing it into products such as biscuits.

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Types Of Garri In Nigeria and Africa

Garri is a popular staple food in Nigeria and Africa. There are different types of garri, which are classified based on their processing methods, texture, and colors. Here are some types of garri commonly found in Nigeria and Africa:

• White Garri: This is the most common type of garri, and it is produced by peeling, washing, grinding, and fermenting cassava tubers.
• Yellow Garri: This type of garri is produced by peeling, washing, and grating cassava tubers, then sieving and frying the grated cassava to produce a yellowish color.
• Ijebu Garri: This type of garri is produced by peeling, washing, grinding, and fermenting cassava tubers, then sieving and frying the fermented cassava. It is known for its fine texture and sour taste.
• Yellow Ijebu Garri: This type of garri is similar to Ijebu Garri, but it is fried with palm oil, which gives it a yellow color.
• Cassava Flour: This is a type of garri produced by drying and grinding cassava chips. It is used as a substitute for wheat flour in baking.
• Garri Flour: This type of garri is produced by grinding dried garri into a fine powder. It is used to thicken soups and stews.
• Kokonte: This is a type of garri produced in Ghana by peeling, washing, and grinding cassava tubers, then boiling the cassava mash to produce a dough-like substance, which is dried and ground into a powder.

The type of garri produced depends on the region, culture, and preferences of the people.

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The Production Season For Garri Processing Business In Nigeria and Africa

Garri processing is a year-round activity in Nigeria and Africa, as cassava, the primary raw material for garri production, is available throughout the year. However, the peak season for garri processing is during the dry season, which lasts from November to March, as the cassava tubers are at their peak maturity and starch content during this period.

During the dry season, there is an abundance of cassava tubers, and the weather conditions are ideal for the drying process, which is an essential step in garri processing. Farmers and garri processors can take advantage of the high availability of raw materials and optimal drying conditions to increase their production capacity and supply to meet the demand from consumers.

However, garri processing can also be carried out during the rainy season, albeit with some challenges such as difficulty in drying due to the high moisture content in the air. Therefore, garri processors often take measures such as using mechanical dryers and covering the garri during the drying process to mitigate these challenges. Overall, garri processing is a year-round business in Nigeria and Africa, with the peak season during the dry season.

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How To Start The Garri Processing Business In Nigeria and Africa: Step-By-Step Guide

• Conduct Market Research: Before starting a garri processing business, conduct market research to identify potential customers and competitors.
• Acquire Land: Acquire land in a rural area with access to cassava farms and good road networks for easy transportation.
• Source for Cassava: Source for high-quality cassava tubers from farmers in the area or neighboring villages.
• Peel and Wash Cassava: Peel and wash the cassava tubers to remove the outer skin and dirt.
• Grate the Cassava: Grate the cassava tubers using a grating machine or hire manual laborers to help in the process.
• Fermentation: Ferment the grated cassava in sacks or barrels for at least two to three days to allow for proper fermentation.
• Pressing: Press the fermented cassava using a hydraulic press or manual press to remove the excess water.
• Sieving: Sieve the pressed cassava to remove lumps and obtain a fine-grained product.
• Roasting: Roast the sieved cassava granules in a pan or over an open fire to obtain the final product, garri.
• Packaging: Package the garri in different sizes according to customers’ preferences.
• Obtain Necessary Licenses: Obtain necessary licenses and permits from the relevant authorities, such as the National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC) and the Standards Organization of Nigeria (SON).
• Advertise Your Business: Advertise your business through word of mouth, social media, and other advertising channels.
• Employ Staff: Employ staff, such as production workers, packaging staff, and administrative staff, to assist in running the business.
• Ensure Quality Control: Ensure that the garri produced meets high-quality standards and adhere to food safety regulations.
• Expand Your Business: Consider expanding your business by investing in modern equipment, expanding production capacity, and exploring export opportunities.

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How To Process & Package Garri In Nigeria or Africa

Processing and packaging of garri in Nigeria and Africa involve several steps to ensure the production of high-quality garri that meets the standard requirement. Here are the step-by-step guides on how to process and package garri:

• Harvesting and peeling: The cassava roots are harvested, peeled, and washed thoroughly to remove dirt and sand.
• Grating: The peeled cassava is then grated using a mechanical grater or traditional grinding stone to obtain the pulp.
• Fermentation: The grated cassava pulp is then fermented for about 3-4 days to reduce the cyanide content and improve the taste.
• Dewatering: After fermentation, the cassava pulp is dewatered using a hydraulic press or manually using a sieve and sack to remove excess water.
• Sieving: The dewatered cassava is then sieved to obtain the fine grains that are used in making garri.
• Roasting: The sieved cassava grains are roasted on a hot griddle until they are dry and crispy.
• Cooling: The roasted garri is allowed to cool before it is packaged.
• Packaging: The garri is then packaged in airtight bags or containers to preserve its freshness and prevent moisture.

It is essential to follow all these steps to ensure the production of high-quality garri that meets the standard requirement and appeals to customers.

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Types Of Equipment Used To Processing, Package & Supply Garri In Nigeria or Africa

• Cassava peeling machine: This machine is used to remove the outer skin of cassava before it is grated.
• Cassava grater: This equipment is used to grate the cassava into small pieces for further processing.
• Hydraulic press: It is used to extract excess water from the grated cassava mash. It is used to form the cassava mash into cakes.
• Garri fryer: This equipment is used for frying the cassava mash into garri. The frying process is done to dry the cassava mash, which will be ground into fine granules.
• Granulator machine: This machine is used to grind the fried cassava mash into fine granules.
• Sieving machine: This equipment is used to separate the fine granules from the lumps.
• Packaging machine: This equipment is used for packaging the processed garri into different sizes and quantities.
• Weighing scale: This equipment is used to measure the weight of the garri before packaging.
• Sealing machine: This equipment is used for sealing the packaged garri.
• Delivery truck: This is used to transport the packaged garri to various locations for distribution.
• Storage silos: These are used to store the raw cassava and processed garri to prevent spoilage.
• Metal drums: These are used for the storage of garri.
• Gas cooker: This equipment is used for cooking the cassava mash before it is fried.
• Industrial generator: This equipment provides a reliable source of power in the absence of electricity.
• Industrial washing machine: This equipment is used to wash the cassava before peeling.

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Target Market For The Garri Processing Business In Nigeria or Africa

• Domestic Consumers: Domestic consumers are the primary target market for garri processing businesses in Nigeria and Africa. Garri is a staple food in Nigeria and other African countries, and it is consumed by people of all ages and social classes. Garri is a versatile food that can be prepared in different ways and used as a base for various dishes. Garri processing businesses can target different segments of the domestic market, including households, small food vendors, and restaurants.
• Export Market: Garri processing businesses can also target the export market, particularly in countries with large African populations or where garri is becoming popular as a health food. There is a growing demand for garri in the United States, the United Kingdom, and other parts of the world, and garri processing businesses can take advantage of this trend by producing high-quality garri for export.
• Food Processing Companies: Food processing companies that use garri as an ingredient in their products can be a target market for garri processing businesses. These companies use garri as a base for different food products such as biscuits, cakes, and snacks. Garri processing businesses can establish partnerships with these companies to supply them with high-quality garri.
• Raw Material Suppliers: The raw material suppliers can also be a target market for garri processing businesses. These suppliers provide cassava tubers, the raw material for garri production. Garri processing businesses can establish partnerships with these suppliers to ensure a steady supply of cassava tubers at a reasonable price.

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How To Sell or Market Garri In Nigeria or Africa

• Local markets: Sell your garri in local markets, where you can find a steady demand for your product.
• Online marketplaces: Use online marketplaces like Jumia, Konga, and Amazon to sell your garri to customers across Nigeria and Africa.
• Supermarkets: Partner with supermarkets to sell your garri in their stores.
• Export markets: Target export markets to sell your garri to customers outside Nigeria and Africa.
• Direct sales: Sell your garri directly to consumers by setting up a stall in high-traffic areas.
• Social media: Use social media platforms like Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter to promote your garri and reach potential customers.
• Word of mouth: Encourage your satisfied customers to spread the word about your garri to their friends and family.
• Distributors: Work with distributors who can help you sell your garri to a wider range of customers.
• Food fairs: Participate in food fairs and exhibitions to showcase your garri and attract potential customers.
• Bulk sales: Offer discounts on bulk purchases to attract customers who want to buy in large quantities.
• Food bloggers and influencers: Partner with food bloggers and influencers to promote your garri to their followers.
• Catering services: Supply your garri to catering services that offer local cuisine.
• Restaurants: Partner with restaurants to supply them with your garri as a staple food item.
• Food trucks: Sell your garri from a food truck in high-traffic areas like universities and industrial parks.
• Cooperative societies: Partner with cooperative societies to supply them with your garri for their members.
• Corporate gifts: Offer your garri as a corporate gift to businesses and organizations.
• Mobile apps: Use mobile apps like WhatsApp, Telegram, and Viber to sell your garri to customers who prefer to buy online.
• Referral programs: Implement a referral program that rewards customers for bringing in new business.
• Loyalty programs: Implement a loyalty program that rewards customers for repeat purchases.
• Billboards and signage: Use billboards and signage to promote your garri in high-traffic areas.
• Radio and TV commercials: Use radio and TV commercials to reach potential customers.
• Print ads: Use print ads in newspapers and magazines to promote your garri.
• Sponsored events: Sponsor local events like cultural festivals and concerts to promote your garri.
• Bulk exports: Export your garri in bulk to buyers outside Nigeria and Africa.
• E-commerce platforms: Use e-commerce platforms like Shopify and WooCommerce to sell your garri online.

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Challenges Of The Garri Processing Business In Nigeria and Africa

• Inadequate funding: Garri processing business requires capital investment, and many entrepreneurs may not have the resources to acquire the necessary equipment.
• Inconsistent power supply: In Nigeria and Africa, power supply is often unreliable, which can lead to delays in processing and packaging garri.
• Lack of modern equipment: Many garri processing businesses still use outdated methods and equipment, which can lead to low production efficiency and poor product quality.
• Difficulty in sourcing raw materials: The availability of cassava, the primary raw material used in garri processing, can be affected by factors such as weather and pests.
• Competition: The garri processing business in Nigeria and Africa is highly competitive, with many established players.
• Inadequate market information: Lack of information on market trends and consumer preferences can hinder the success of garri processing businesses.
• Poor transportation infrastructure: Bad roads and inadequate transportation systems can lead to delays in the transportation of finished products to market.
• Inadequate storage facilities: Garri processing businesses need proper storage facilities to preserve the product and prevent spoilage.
• Lack of technical expertise: Many garri processing businesses lack skilled personnel to operate and maintain the equipment.
• Difficulty in accessing credit: Access to credit can be a challenge for small and medium-sized garri processing businesses, which can limit their growth.
• Inadequate regulatory framework: The lack of a strong regulatory framework can lead to low-quality products in the market.
• Seasonal production: Garri processing is a seasonal business, with production typically peaking during the harvest season, and reducing during other times of the year.
• Limited export opportunities: Despite the potential for export, many garri processing businesses in Nigeria and Africa have not been able to explore export markets due to regulatory barriers and logistical challenges.
• Inadequate packaging materials: Garri processing businesses need proper packaging materials to preserve the product and attract customers.
• Price fluctuations: The price of cassava, the primary raw material used in garri processing, can be affected by various factors, leading to fluctuations in the price of garri.
• High transportation costs: The high cost of transportation can eat into the profits of garri processing businesses.
• Lack of access to modern technology: The lack of access to modern technology can limit the efficiency and productivity of garri processing businesses.
• Environmental challenges: Climate change and other environmental factors can affect the growth and yield of cassava, leading to supply challenges for garri processing businesses.
• Inadequate infrastructure: Inadequate infrastructure such as water supply and drainage systems can hinder the success of garri processing businesses.
• Inadequate market access: Limited access to markets can limit the growth potential of garri processing businesses.
• Difficulty in accessing inputs: Garri processing businesses need access to quality inputs such as fertilizers and pesticides to ensure the production of high-quality garri.
• Lack of government support: Many garri processing businesses in Nigeria and Africa operate without adequate government support, which can hinder their growth potential.
• Inadequate power supply: Inadequate power supply can limit the productivity of garri processing businesses.
• Limited access to finance: Many garri processing businesses struggle to access financing to support their operations and growth.
• Lack of standardization: The lack of standardization in the garri processing industry can lead to low-quality products in the market.

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To Sum It Up

Garri processing business has been a vital source of livelihood for many people in Nigeria and Africa. With its numerous health benefits, economic opportunities, and diverse market potential, the garri processing industry is a profitable venture worth investing in. The production process of garri involves several steps such as harvesting, peeling, washing, grating, fermenting, pressing, and packaging. To start a successful garri processing business, one needs to have adequate knowledge of the production process, obtain the necessary equipment, and comply with regulatory requirements.

However, the garri processing business also poses some challenges, such as low yields, pest infestation, inadequate storage facilities, lack of access to finance, and competition from imported substitutes. Nonetheless, with the increasing demand for garri in local and international markets, and the various business opportunities available in the industry, there is no doubt that the garri processing business can contribute to the economic growth of Nigeria and Africa at large. Therefore, entrepreneurs should take advantage of the opportunities in the industry and invest in the garri processing business.

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What are your thoughts on how to start a garri processing business in Nigeria and Africa? Let me know by leaving a comment below.

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Hello Stan,

Having read through your blog post, I will admit that you pretty good at what you do. I am impressed by your in-depth knowledge about agricultural business development and management in Africa.

I have a project in mind: A Cassava seed farm and Garri processing plant. It will be located Cross River State, Nigeria. I will like you to help me with the development of a comprehensive feasibility analysis for this project.

Expecting your response.

Thank you, Julian

Thank you for the kind words, Julian.

Please send an email about your project to [email protected] and I’ll follow up with some questions.

I look forward to hearing from you.

Do have a great time.

Comments are closed.

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