research papers on behavioural finance

Review of Behavioral Finance

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Before you start

For queries relating to the status of your paper pre decision, please contact the Editor or Journal Editorial Office. For queries post acceptance, please contact the Supplier Project Manager. These details can be found in the Editorial Team section.

Author responsibilities

Our goal is to provide you with a professional and courteous experience at each stage of the review and publication process. There are also some responsibilities that sit with you as the author. Our expectation is that you will:

• Respond swiftly to any queries during the publication process.
• Be accountable for all aspects of your work. This includes investigating and resolving any questions about accuracy or research integrity .
• Treat communications between you and the journal editor as confidential until an editorial decision has been made.
• Include anyone who has made a substantial and meaningful contribution to the submission (anyone else involved in the paper should be listed in the acknowledgements).
• Exclude anyone who hasn’t contributed to the paper, or who has chosen not to be associated with the research.
• In accordance with COPE’s position statement on AI tools , Large Language Models cannot be credited with authorship as they are incapable of conceptualising a research design without human direction and cannot be accountable for the integrity, originality, and validity of the published work. The author(s) must describe the content created or modified as well as appropriately cite the name and version of the AI tool used; any additional works drawn on by the AI tool should also be appropriately cited and referenced. Standard tools that are used to improve spelling and grammar are not included within the parameters of this guidance. The Editor and Publisher reserve the right to determine whether the use of an AI tool is permissible.
• If your article involves human participants, you must ensure you have considered whether or not you require ethical approval for your research, and include this information as part of your submission. Find out more about informed consent .

Generative AI usage key principles

• Copywriting any part of an article using a generative AI tool/LLM would not be permissible, including the generation of the abstract or the literature review, for as per Emerald’s authorship criteria, the author(s) must be responsible for the work and accountable for its accuracy, integrity, and validity.
• The generation or reporting of results using a generative AI tool/LLM is not permissible, for as per Emerald’s authorship criteria, the author(s) must be responsible for the creation and interpretation of their work and accountable for its accuracy, integrity, and validity.
• The in-text reporting of statistics using a generative AI tool/LLM is not permissible due to concerns over the authenticity, integrity, and validity of the data produced, although the use of such a tool to aid in the analysis of the work would be permissible.
• Copy-editing an article using a generative AI tool/LLM in order to improve its language and readability would be permissible as this mirrors standard tools already employed to improve spelling and grammar, and uses existing author-created material, rather than generating wholly new content, while the author(s) remains responsible for the original work.
• The submission and publication of images created by AI tools or large-scale generative models is not permitted.

Research and publishing ethics

Our editors and employees work hard to ensure the content we publish is ethically sound. To help us achieve that goal, we closely follow the advice laid out in the guidelines and flowcharts on the COPE (Committee on Publication Ethics) website .

We have also developed our research and publishing ethics guidelines . If you haven’t already read these, we urge you to do so – they will help you avoid the most common publishing ethics issues.

A few key points:

• Any manuscript you submit to this journal should be original. That means it should not have been published before in its current, or similar, form. Exceptions to this rule are outlined in our pre-print and conference paper policies .  If any substantial element of your paper has been previously published, you need to declare this to the journal editor upon submission. Please note, the journal editor may use  Crossref Similarity Check  to check on the originality of submissions received. This service compares submissions against a database of 49 million works from 800 scholarly publishers.
• Your work should not have been submitted elsewhere and should not be under consideration by any other publication.
• If you have a conflict of interest, you must declare it upon submission; this allows the editor to decide how they would like to proceed. Read about conflict of interest in our research and publishing ethics guidelines .
• By submitting your work to Emerald, you are guaranteeing that the work is not in infringement of any existing copyright.

Third party copyright permissions

Prior to article submission, you need to ensure you’ve applied for, and received, written permission to use any material in your manuscript that has been created by a third party. Please note, we are unable to publish any article that still has permissions pending. The rights we require are:

• Non-exclusive rights to reproduce the material in the article or book chapter.
• Print and electronic rights.
• Worldwide English-language rights.
• To use the material for the life of the work. That means there should be no time restrictions on its re-use e.g. a one-year licence.

We are a member of the International Association of Scientific, Technical, and Medical Publishers (STM) and participate in the STM permissions guidelines , a reciprocal free exchange of material with other STM publishers.  In some cases, this may mean that you don’t need permission to re-use content. If so, please highlight this at the submission stage.

Please take a few moments to read our guide to publishing permissions  to ensure you have met all the requirements, so that we can process your submission without delay.

Open access submissions and information

All our journals currently offer two open access (OA) publishing paths; gold open access and green open access.

If you would like to, or are required to, make the branded publisher PDF (also known as the version of record) freely available immediately upon publication, you can select the gold open access route once your paper is accepted. 

If you’ve chosen to publish gold open access, this is the point you will be asked to pay the APC (article processing charge) . This varies per journal and can be found on our APC price list or on the editorial system at the point of submission. Your article will be published with a Creative Commons CC BY 4.0 user licence , which outlines how readers can reuse your work.

Alternatively, if you would like to, or are required to, publish open access but your funding doesn’t cover the cost of the APC, you can choose the green open access, or self-archiving, route. As soon as your article is published, you can make the author accepted manuscript (the version accepted for publication) openly available, free from payment and embargo periods.

You can find out more about our open access routes, our APCs and waivers and read our FAQs on our open research page. 

Find out about open

Transparency and Openness Promotion (TOP) Guidelines

We are a signatory of the Transparency and Openness Promotion (TOP) Guidelines , a framework that supports the reproducibility of research through the adoption of transparent research practices. That means we encourage you to:

• Cite and fully reference all data, program code, and other methods in your article.
• Include persistent identifiers, such as a Digital Object Identifier (DOI), in references for datasets and program codes. Persistent identifiers ensure future access to unique published digital objects, such as a piece of text or datasets. Persistent identifiers are assigned to datasets by digital archives, such as institutional repositories and partners in the Data Preservation Alliance for the Social Sciences (Data-PASS).
• Follow appropriate international and national procedures with respect to data protection, rights to privacy and other ethical considerations, whenever you cite data. For further guidance please refer to our  research and publishing ethics guidelines . For an example on how to cite datasets, please refer to the references section below.

Prepare your submission

Manuscript support services.

We are pleased to partner with Editage, a platform that connects you with relevant experts in language support, translation, editing, visuals, consulting, and more. After you’ve agreed a fee, they will work with you to enhance your manuscript and get it submission-ready.

This is an optional service for authors who feel they need a little extra support. It does not guarantee your work will be accepted for review or publication.

Visit Editage

Manuscript requirements

Before you submit your manuscript, it’s important you read and follow the guidelines below. You will also find some useful tips in our structure your journal submission how-to guide.

Submit your manuscript

There are a number of key steps you should follow to ensure a smooth and trouble-free submission.

Double check your manuscript

Before submitting your work, it is your responsibility to check that the manuscript is complete, grammatically correct, and without spelling or typographical errors. A few other important points:

• Give the journal aims and scope a final read. Is your manuscript definitely a good fit? If it isn’t, the editor may decline it without peer review.
• Does your manuscript comply with our research and publishing ethics guidelines ?
• Have you cleared any necessary publishing permissions ?
• Have you followed all the formatting requirements laid out in these author guidelines?
• If you need to refer to your own work, use wording such as ‘previous research has demonstrated’ not ‘our previous research has demonstrated’.
• If you need to refer to your own, currently unpublished work, don’t include this work in the reference list.
• Any acknowledgments or author biographies should be uploaded as separate files.
• Carry out a final check to ensure that no author names appear anywhere in the manuscript. This includes in figures or captions.

You will find a helpful submission checklist on the website Think.Check.Submit .

The submission process

All manuscripts should be submitted through our editorial system by the corresponding author.

The only way to submit to the journal is through the journal’s ScholarOne site as accessed via the Emerald website, and not by email or through any third-party agent/company, journal representative, or website. Submissions should be done directly by the author(s) through the ScholarOne site and not via a third-party proxy on their behalf.

A separate author account is required for each journal you submit to. If this is your first time submitting to this journal, please choose the Create an account or Register now option in the editorial system. If you already have an Emerald login, you are welcome to reuse the existing username and password here.

Please note, the next time you log into the system, you will be asked for your username. This will be the email address you entered when you set up your account.

Don't forget to add your  ORCiD ID during the submission process. It will be embedded in your published article, along with a link to the ORCiD registry allowing others to easily match you with your work.

Don’t have one yet? It only takes a few moments to register for a free ORCiD identifier .

Visit the ScholarOne support centre  for further help and guidance.

What you can expect next

You will receive an automated email from the journal editor, confirming your successful submission. It will provide you with a manuscript number, which will be used in all future correspondence about your submission. If you have any reason to suspect the confirmation email you receive might be fraudulent, please contact the journal editor in the first instance.

Post submission

Review and decision process.

Each submission is checked by the editor. At this stage, they may choose to decline or unsubmit your manuscript if it doesn’t fit the journal aims and scope, or they feel the language/manuscript quality is too low.

If they think it might be suitable for the publication, they will send it to at least two independent referees for double anonymous peer review.  Once these reviewers have provided their feedback, the editor may decide to accept your manuscript, request minor or major revisions, or decline your work.

While all journals work to different timescales, the goal is that the editor will inform you of their first decision within 60 days.

During this period, we will send you automated updates on the progress of your manuscript via our submission system, or you can log in to check on the current status of your paper.  Each time we contact you, we will quote the manuscript number you were given at the point of submission. If you receive an email that does not match these criteria, it could be fraudulent and we recommend you contact the journal editor in the first instance.

Manuscript transfer service

Emerald’s manuscript transfer service takes the pain out of the submission process if your manuscript doesn’t fit your initial journal choice. Our team of expert Editors from participating journals work together to identify alternative journals that better align with your research, ensuring your work finds the ideal publication home it deserves. Our dedicated team is committed to supporting authors like you in finding the right home for your research.

If a journal is participating in the manuscript transfer program, the Editor has the option to recommend your paper for transfer. If a transfer decision is made by the Editor, you will receive an email with the details of the recommended journal and the option to accept or reject the transfer. It’s always down to you as the author to decide if you’d like to accept. If you do accept, your paper and any reviewer reports will automatically be transferred to the recommended journals. Authors will then confirm resubmissions in the new journal’s ScholarOne system.

Our Manuscript Transfer Service page has more information on the process.

If your submission is accepted

Open access.

Once your paper is accepted, you will have the opportunity to indicate whether you would like to publish your paper via the gold open access route.

If you’ve chosen to publish gold open access, this is the point you will be asked to pay the APC (article processing charge).  This varies per journal and can be found on our APC price list or on the editorial system at the point of submission. Your article will be published with a Creative Commons CC BY 4.0 user licence , which outlines how readers can reuse your work.

For UK journal article authors - if you wish to submit your work accepted by Emerald to REF 2021, you must make a ‘closed deposit’ of your accepted manuscript to your respective institutional repository upon acceptance of your article. Articles accepted for publication after 1st April 2018 should be deposited as soon as possible, but no later than three months after the acceptance date. For further information and guidance, please refer to the REF 2021 website.

All accepted authors are sent an email with a link to a licence form.  This should be checked for accuracy, for example whether contact and affiliation details are up to date and your name is spelled correctly, and then returned to us electronically. If there is a reason why you can’t assign copyright to us, you should discuss this with your journal content editor. You will find their contact details on the editorial team section above.

Proofing and typesetting

Once we have received your completed licence form, the article will pass directly into the production process. We will carry out editorial checks, copyediting, and typesetting and then return proofs to you (if you are the corresponding author) for your review. This is your opportunity to correct any typographical errors, grammatical errors or incorrect author details. We can’t accept requests to rewrite texts at this stage.

When the page proofs are finalised, the fully typeset and proofed version of record is published online. This is referred to as the EarlyCite version. While an EarlyCite article has yet to be assigned to a volume or issue, it does have a digital object identifier (DOI) and is fully citable. It will be compiled into an issue according to the journal’s issue schedule, with papers being added by chronological date of publication.

How to share your paper

Visit our author rights page  to find out how you can reuse and share your work.

To find tips on increasing the visibility of your published paper, read about  how to promote your work .

Correcting inaccuracies in your published paper

Sometimes errors are made during the research, writing and publishing processes. When these issues arise, we have the option of withdrawing the paper or introducing a correction notice. Find out more about our  article withdrawal and correction policies .

Need to make a change to the author list? See our frequently asked questions (FAQs) below.

Frequently asked questions

Editor-in-Chief

• Gulnur Muradoglu Queen Mary University of London - UK [email protected]

Associate Editors

• Ylva Baeckstrom King’s Business School, King’s College London - UK [email protected]
• Deven Bathia Queen Mary University of London - UK [email protected]
• Darren Duxbury Newcastle University - UK [email protected]
• Kristina Vasileva University of Westminster - UK [email protected]

Advisory Editor

• Werner DeBondt DePaul University - USA
• John Doukas Old Dominion University - USA
• David Hillier University of Strathclyde - UK
• Alok Kumar University of Miami - USA
• Hersh Shefrin Santa Clara University - USA
• Meir Statman Santa Clara University - USA
• Avanidhar Subrahmanyam UCLA Anderson School of Management - USA

Commissioning Editor

• Sophie Reckless Emerald Publishing - UK [email protected]

Journal Editorial Office (For queries related to pre-acceptance)

• Nikita Singh Emerald Publishing [email protected]

Supplier Project Manager (For queries related to post-acceptance)

• Suryalakshmi Balakrishnan Emerald Publishing [email protected]

Editorial Board

• Panagiotis Andrikopoulos Coventry University - UK
• Stelios Bekiros European University Institute, Italy and IPAG Business School - France
• Marie-Hélène Broihanne Strasbourg University - France
• Chris Brooks University of Reading - UK
• Stephen Y. L. Cheung Hong Kong Baptist University - People's Republic of China
• Jerry Coakley University of Essex - UK
• Mike Dempsey RMIT University - Australia
• Robert Durand Curtin University - Australia
• Catherine D’Hondt UCLouvain - Belgium
• Fotini Economou Centre of Planning and Economic Research (KEPE) - Greece
• Manapol Ekkayokkaya Chulalongkorn University - Thailand
• Robert Faff Bond University - Australia
• Emilios Galariotis Audencia Nantes School of Management - France
• M. Kabir Hassan University of New Orleans - USA
• Juergen Huber University of Innsbruck - Austria
• Robert Hudson University of Hull - UK
• David L. Ikenberry University of Colorado at Boulder - USA
• Vasileios Kallinterakis University of Liverpool - UK
• Mercy Kano Strathmore University - Kenya
• Brian Kluger University of Cincinnati - USA
• Gregory Koutmos Fairfield University - USA
• Brian Lucey Trinity College Dublin - Ireland
• Shafaq Malik Aston University - UK
• Viktor Manahov University of York - UK
• Nguyen Thi My Linh RMIT University - Vietnam
• John R. Nofsinger University of Alaska Anchorage - USA
• Ozlem Onder Ege Universitesi - Turkey
• Belma Ozturkkal Kadir Has University - Turkey
• Julio Pindado Universidad de Salamanca - Spain
• Sunil S. Poshakwale Cranfield School of Management, Cranfield University - UK
• Raghavendra Rau University of Cambridge - UK
• Dehua Shen Tianjin University, College of Management and Economics (COME) - People's Republic of China
• Eric Shi Dongbei University of Finance and Economics - People's Republic of China
• Tyler Shumway University of Michigan - USA
• Sheeja Sivaprasad University of Westminster - UK
• Daphne Sobolev UCL School of Management - UK
• Silvana Stefani Catholic University - Italy
• Livio Stracca European Central Bank - Germany
• Sudi Sudarsanam Cranfield School of Management - UK
• Richard Taffler The University of Warwick - UK
• Erik Theissen Universität Mannheim - Germany
• Kristina Vasileva Westminster Business School, University of Westminster - UK
• Martin Weber University of Mannheim - Germany
• Russell Wermers University of Maryland - USA
• Alain Wouassom Coventry University - UK
• Rukaiyat Yusuf University of Huddersfield - UK

CiteScore 2023

Further information

CiteScore is a simple way of measuring the citation impact of sources, such as journals.

Calculating the CiteScore is based on the number of citations to documents (articles, reviews, conference papers, book chapters, and data papers) by a journal over four years, divided by the number of the same document types indexed in Scopus and published in those same four years.

For more information and methodology visit the Scopus definition

CiteScore Tracker 2024

(updated monthly)

CiteScore Tracker is calculated in the same way as CiteScore, but for the current year rather than previous, complete years.

The CiteScore Tracker calculation is updated every month, as a current indication of a title's performance.

2023 Impact Factor

The Journal Impact Factor is published each year by Clarivate Analytics. It is a measure of the number of times an average paper in a particular journal is cited during the preceding two years.

For more information and methodology see Clarivate Analytics

5-year Impact Factor (2023)

A base of five years may be more appropriate for journals in certain fields because the body of citations may not be large enough to make reasonable comparisons, or it may take longer than two years to publish and distribute leading to a longer period before others cite the work.

Actual value is intentionally only displayed for the most recent year. Earlier values are available in the Journal Citation Reports from Clarivate Analytics .

Time to first decision

Time to first decision , expressed in days, the "first decision" occurs when the journal’s editorial team reviews the peer reviewers’ comments and recommendations. Based on this feedback, they decide whether to accept, reject, or request revisions for the manuscript.

Data is taken from submissions between 1st June 2023 and 31st May 2024

Acceptance rate

The acceptance rate is a measurement of how many manuscripts a journal accepts for publication compared to the total number of manuscripts submitted expressed as a percentage %

Data is taken from submissions between 1st June 2023 and 31st May 2024 .

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Reviewer information

Peer review process.

This journal engages in a double-anonymous peer review process, which strives to match the expertise of a reviewer with the submitted manuscript. Reviews are completed with evidence of thoughtful engagement with the manuscript, provide constructive feedback, and add value to the overall knowledge and information presented in the manuscript.

The mission of the peer review process is to achieve excellence and rigour in scholarly publications and research.

Our vision is to give voice to professionals in the subject area who contribute unique and diverse scholarly perspectives to the field.

The journal values diverse perspectives from the field and reviewers who provide critical, constructive, and respectful feedback to authors. Reviewers come from a variety of organizations, careers, and backgrounds from around the world.

All invitations to review, abstracts, manuscripts, and reviews should be kept confidential. Reviewers must not share their review or information about the review process with anyone without the agreement of the editors and authors involved, even after publication. This also applies to other reviewers’ “comments to author” which are shared with you on decision.

Resources to guide you through the review process

Discover practical tips and guidance on all aspects of peer review in our reviewers' section. See how being a reviewer could benefit your career, and discover what's involved in shaping a review.

More reviewer information

Thank you to the 2022 Reviewers

The publishing and editorial teams would like to thank the following, for their invaluable service as 2022 reviewers for this journal. We are very grateful for the contributions made. With their help, the journal has been able to publish such high...

Thank you to the 2021 Reviewers

The publishing and editorial teams would like to thank the following, for their invaluable service as 2021 reviewers for this journal. We are very grateful for the contributions made. With their help, the journal has been able to publish such high...

Thaler’s Nobel prize and the evolution of behavioral finance - special issue now available

The Special Issue ‘Thaler’s Nobel prize: the evolution of behavioral finance’ is now available online. Professor Richard Thaler’s Nobel Prize recognised his work in the field of behavioral f...

Literati awards

Review of Behavioural Finance  - Literati Award Winners 2023

We are pleased to announce our 2023 Literati Award winners. Outstanding Paper The impact of heuristic and herding bias...

Review of Behavioural Finance  - Literati Award Winners 2022 

We are pleased to announce our 2022 Literati Award winners. Outstanding Paper A test of the association betw...

Review of Behavioural Finance - Literati Award Winners 2021

We are pleased to announce our 2021 Literati Award winners. Outstanding Papers My way to the second generati...

Review of Behavioral Finance - Literati Award Winners 2020

We are pleased to announce our 2020 Literati Award winners. Outstanding Papers Do overconfident CEOs stay out of trouble? Evidence f...

Review of Behavioral Finance covers not only theoretical and empirical approaches to financial decision making, but also the way the behavioral attributes of the decision makers influence the financial structure of a company, investors’ portfolio, and the functioning of financial markets.

Aims and scope

Review of Behavioral Finance (RBF) welcomes high-quality empirical, experimental and theoretical research articles from the finance field as well as finance applications from psychology, sociology and decision sciences disciplines and is open to a wide spectrum of methodologies including those from finance, market accounting, economics, psychology, sociology and maths.

The journal’s coverage includes but is not limited to:

• Investment behaviour of individual and institutional investors
• Financial decision processes of listed or unlisted firms
• Risk measurement and asset pricing
• Trading strategies in financial (spot/derivative) markets
• The behaviour of financial markets
• Behavioral corporate finance
• Behavioral issues relating to market accounting
• Mutual and hedge funds
• Influence of financial regulation on behavior
• Behavioral approaches to household financial decision-making

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Please note you do not have access to teaching notes, behavioural finance: the role of psychological factors in financial decisions.

Review of Behavioral Finance

ISSN : 1940-5979

Article publication date: 16 November 2012

The purpose of this paper is to introduce the special issue of Review of Behavioural Finance entitled “Behavioural finance: the role of psychological factors in financial decisions”.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors present a brief outline of the origins of behavioural economics; discuss the role that experimental and survey methods play in the study of financial behaviour; summarise the contributions made by the papers in the issue and consider their implications; and assess why research in behavioural finance is important for finance researchers and practitioners.

The primary input to behavioural finance has been from experimental psychology. Methods developed within sociology such as surveys, interviews, participant observation, focus groups have not had the same degree of influence. Typically, these methods are even more expensive than experimental ones and so costs of using them may be one reason for their lack of impact. However, it is also possible that the training of finance academics leads them to prefer methodologies that permit greater control and a clearer causal interpretation.

Originality/value

The paper shows that interdisciplinary research is becoming more widespread and it is likely that greater collaboration between finance and sociology will develop in the future.

• Decision making
• Behavioural finance
• Research work

Muradoglu, G. and Harvey, N. (2012), "Behavioural finance: the role of psychological factors in financial decisions", Review of Behavioral Finance , Vol. 4 No. 2, pp. 68-80. https://doi.org/10.1108/19405971211284862

Emerald Group Publishing Limited

Copyright © 2012, Emerald Group Publishing Limited

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Behavioral Finance

Johnson School Research Paper No. 38-06

16 Pages Posted: 1 Nov 2006

Robert J. Bloomfield

Cornell University - Samuel Curtis Johnson Graduate School of Management

Date Written: October 2006

Behavioral finance began as an attempt to understand why financial markets react inefficiently to public information. One stream of behavioral finance examines how psychological forces induce traders and managers to make suboptimal decisions, and how these decisions affect market behavior. Another stream examines how economic forces might keep rational traders from exploiting apparent opportunities for profit. Behavioral finance remains controversial, but will become more widely accepted if it can predict deviations from traditional financial models without relying on too many "ad hoc" assumptions.

Suggested Citation: Suggested Citation

Robert J. Bloomfield (Contact Author)

Cornell university - samuel curtis johnson graduate school of management ( email ).

450 Sage Hall Ithaca, NY 14853 United States 607-255-9407 (Phone) 607-254-4590 (Fax)

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STUDY ON BEHAVIORAL FINANCE, BEHAVIORAL BIASES, AND INVESTMENT DECISIONS

Behavioral finance is an open-minded finance which includes the study of psychology, sociology, and finance. Behavioral finance micro examines behavior or biases of investors and behavioral finance macro describe anomalies in the efficient market. Nowadays, behavioral finance is not a new concept, the existence, and impact of behavioral biases in investor's behavior and human judgment are huge. In this paper, we will review various studies in this area so as to have a clear understanding of the behavioral finance and its significance in the financial decision making of investors. JEL CLASSIFICATION: G11, G14

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Fitry Andry

Raja Asad Azad

Traditional finance theory is based on the principle of maximization of utility and explains how choices are made by rational people. Although the theory provides numerous insights, observation of actual behavior of people was seen to be different from what the theory predicted. The homo economicus is in reality a homo sapien who has emotions and beliefs that help to filter the content from his or her environment. These beliefs and preferences that arise due to cogni-tive limitations, presence of emotions, and various psychological motives guide or bias his or her decisions. Much literature states that the biases should be corrected as they negatively impact financial behaviour and individual's well‐being. However, evolutionary psychology considers biases as design features of human mind. Thus, biases are not always bad, as at times, these biases can help the individual investor to choose the best course of action from the multiple possibilities and enable committing the less costly mistakes, thereby helping the individual to achieve satisficing behaviour. This paper aims to explore the investor biases and see whether they are related to the financial satisfaction of the individuals. Financial satisfaction is the measure of satisfaction with one's financial situation. The results showed that overconfidence bias, reliance on expert bias, and self‐control bias have a positive and significant association with financial satisfaction levels. Association of a few other biases with financial satisfaction was also observed under certain control conditions. This study provides further insights on investor behavior and paves the way for various possibilities for future research.

IJAR Indexing

Research has proved that investors in the equity market are not consistently rational. Emotions influence their decision making process in the complex environment of equity market, in the form of behavioral biases. This paper reviews five important behavioral biases exhibited by investors in the equity market. The behavioral biases reviewed include, representativeness, anchoring, gambler?s fallacy, availability and optimism. The literature available for each of the biases is reviewed and hence this paper draws attention to a new dimension in finance.

AARF Publications Journals

Asian Journal of Economics, Business and Accounting

This study investigates the existence of heuristics biases in Colombo Stock Exchange and their effect on investment performance from individual investor's point of view. In specific, the effects of anchoring, availability bias, gamblers fallacy, overconfidence and representativeness are investigated. Further, the study inspects whether the heuristics biases differ between younger and older investors. The primary data were collected by survey from 425 individual investors. The data were analyzed using multivariate analysis such as Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Structure Equation Modeling (SEM). The results show that there is a statistically significant effect of anchoring, availability bias, overconfidence and representativeness bias on investment performance. However, gamblers fallacy not significantly affects investment performance. Furthermore, statistically significant differences are found between the answers of younger and older investors. This study, hopefully, will help investors to be aware of the impact of their own heuristics bias on their decision making in the stock market, thus increasing the rationality of investment decisions for enhanced market efficiency.

IJREAM EDITOR

Finance is the system that includes the granting of money and credit, making of investments and provision of banking facilities. Behavioral finance is a new academic discipline which seeks to apply the insights of the psychologists to understand the behavior of both investors and financial markets. This study analyse the Investors behavior through 600 respondents using Factor analysis test. The results of the study show that the 16 variables selected for the study had been reduced to 5 factor models using the principle component analysis such as Market Dynamics, Logical Analysis , Herding Bias, Regret Aversion and Heuristic Bias. Thus, Behavioral finance is becoming a primary part of the decision making process, since it influences investors' behavior greatly.

Nada Ibrahim

This study investigates the existence of behavioral biases in Amman Stock Exchange and their effect on investment performance from investor's point of view. In specific, the effects of overconfidence bias, familiarity bias, loss aversion bias, disposition bias, availability bias, representativeness bias, confirmation bias and herding bias are investigated. Moreover, the study inspects whether the behavioral biases differ between males and females. The results show that there is a statistically significant effect of overconfidence bias, familiarity bias, availability bias, representativeness bias and herding bias on investment performance (p≤5%). Moreover, disposition bias, confirmation bias and loss aversion bias significantly affect investment performance but at a critical level of (p≤10%). No statistically significant differences are found between the answers of males and females.

Rohit Kumar

Finance has been studied around the globe from ages but the dimensions of behavioral science have been related with finance only a few decades before. This led to evolution of behavioral finance, where effect of human emotions, cognitive errors and psychology on investment decision is studied. The main objective of this study was to explore the individual investors’ investment preference i.e., utilitarian or value-expressive. Moreover, the extent to which their investment decision is dominated by their investment preference has been studied. The relationship between demographic factors and investment preference of an individual has also been examined. The results show that the individual investors at Indian stock exchange, in general, are more value-expressive than utilitarian. Their investment decisions are affected by many behavioral biases as well as with certain demographic factors.

Metamorphosis- A Journal of Management Research

Ansted I Joseph , Anu Antony

Investors exhibit irrational behaviour in their decision-making. The decision-making process itself is considered to be a cognitive process as the investors have to make a decision based on various alternatives available to them. The researchers have found that the investors’ decision-making was adversely affected by the various psychological/behavioural factors. The current study was carried forward to identify the effect of the behavioural factors affecting the investment decision of the investors. Five behavioural factors, namely overconfidence bias, representative bias, regret aversion, mental accounting, and herd behaviour, were considered to study the behavioural biases of the investors. The study sample was taken from investors of Kerala, and the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) method was used to analyse the intensity of behavioural factors affecting the investment decision. Based on the priority vector, it was found that the investors of Kerala were highly influenced with overconfidence bias and regret aversion. Herd behaviour had less effect on their decision-making.

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The Price of Housing in the United States, 1890-2006

We construct the first consistent market rent and home sales price series for American cities across the 20th century using millions of newspaper real estate listings. Our findings revise several stylized facts about U.S. housing markets. Real market rents did not fall during the 20th century for most cities. Instead, real rental price levels increased by about 20% from 1890 to 2006. There was also greater growth in real housing sales prices from 1965 to 1995 than is commonly understood. Using these series we document several new facts about housing markets. The return to homeownership has varied considerably across cities and over time, but rental returns were historically much more important than capital gains in every city. We discuss the implications of our indices for the business cycle and the consumer price index. Finally, we provide evidence that housing prices increased unevenly across cities over time in response to natural building and regulatory constraints.

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the National Science Foundation (SES-1918554), the Lincoln Institute of Land Policy, and Trinity College Dublin. Many excellent postdoctoral, graduate, undergraduate and professional research assistants contributed to this project; see Appendix A for complete acknowledgements. We thank seminar audiences at Trinity College Dublin, Bonn, UIUC, UC Davis, UC Irvine, Caltech, NBER (DAE), NYU, Paris School of Economics, Philadelphia Fed, Stanford (Cities, Housing, and Society Workshop), Wharton, Wisconsin, and Yale. We benefited from conversations with Morris Davis, Rebecca Diamond, Gilles Duranton, Barry Eichengreen, Fernando Ferreira, Daniel Fetter, Price Fishback, Ed Glaeser, Adam Guren, Jessie Handbury, Walker Hanlon, Philip Lane, Jeffrey Lin, Bob Margo, Tim McQuade, Thomas Piketty, Jonathan Rose, Moritz Schularick, Bryan Stuart, Alan Taylor, James Vickery, and Maisy Wong. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Bureau of Economic Research.

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