dna research project ideas

Top 100+ Interesting DNA Project Ideas

Post author By admin
February 5, 2024

Welcome to our DNA Project Ideas blog, where we dive into the world of DNA exploration! We’ve got cool projects that make learning about genes fun. Whether you’re curious about family history, into health, or just love science, our projects help you discover new things.

It doesn’t matter if you’re a science fan or just looking for a fun adventure; these ideas give you a sneak peek into the world of genetics. Join us as we uncover the secrets in your DNA, turning the journey of learning about genetics into a super enjoyable adventure.

Discover fun and exciting DNA projects for students and enthusiasts! Make candy DNA models and craft DNA helixes using everyday items. Dive into the amazing world of genetics creatively and educationally.

Table of Contents

What is DNA?

DNA, short for Deoxyribonucleic acid, is like a genetic instruction manual for living things. It’s shaped like a double spiral ladder made of tiny building blocks called nucleotides. Each nucleotide has sugars, phosphates, and four letters—A, T, C, and G.

These letters always pair up: A with T and C with G. Imagine them as puzzle pieces fitting together. The DNA lives in the cell’s nucleus and sometimes in the mitochondria. When the DNA splits, the two halves carry the same info, like a copy machine making more instruction manuals.

NOTE: Also read our blog “ Innovative 111+ Biotechnology Project Ideas – [2024 Updated] “

What Is the Importance of DNA?

In the heart of life’s complex story is DNA, a special molecule that acts like a master plan guiding how living things are put together.

Genetic Blueprint

DNA is a genetic blueprint containing the instructions to build and maintain an organism. It contains information determining an individual’s traits, characteristics, and functions.

Inheritance

DNA is passed from one generation to the next during reproduction. This inheritance process ensures the continuity of genetic information, allowing traits to be transferred from parents to offspring.

Protein Synthesis

The genetic instructions stored in DNA act as a template for the synthesis of proteins, which are essential for the structure and function of cells. Proteins perform critical functions in various biological processes, including metabolism, growth, and the repair of cells.

Cell Replication

When cells divide, copying DNA is really important. It ensures that every new cell gets an exact copy of the genetic material. This copying process is crucial for the growth, development, and upkeep of living things with many cells.

Evolutionary Adaptation

DNA is central to the process of evolution. Mutations in DNA can lead to genetic variation, providing the raw material for natural selection. Over time, this allows species to adapt and evolve in response to environmental changes.

Medical Insights

Understanding DNA has profound implications for medicine. Genetic information is used in diagnostics, personalized medicine, and the study of genetic disorders. It enables researchers and healthcare professionals to understand better, prevent, and treat various diseases.

Forensic Identification

Analyzing DNA is a potent tool in forensic science that helps identify people. It’s frequently used in criminal investigations to connect suspects with crime scenes or to determine victims’ identities.

Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering

DNA technology holds a central position in biotechnology and genetic engineering. Scientists can modify DNA to generate specific crop traits, engineer genetically modified organisms, and formulate novel disease treatments.

Species Identification

DNA barcoding finds application in various fields, such as ecology and conservation for identifying species. It enables researchers to recognize and investigate species by examining their distinctive genetic markers.

Understanding Life’s Diversity

Scientists gain insights into the evolutionary relationships between different species by studying DNA. This contributes to our understanding of the diversity of life on Earth and the interconnectedness of all living organisms.

In essence, the importance of DNA lies in its role as the fundamental code of life, governing the structure, function, and evolution of living organisms.

Interesting Facts About DNA

Explore these fascinating facts about DNA below:

Present in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells.
DNA comes in three varieties: A-DNA, B-DNA, and Z-DNA.
Stores genetic information within organisms.
The DNA helix measures 3.4 nm, with a 0.34 nm gap between two base pairs.
Chimpanzees and Gorillas share 96 percent of their DNA with humans.
DNA consists of four alphabet letters: A, T, C, and G.
Humans have an 85 percent DNA similarity with mice.
About 99.9 percent of DNA is comparable to someone else’s.

Top 101+ DNA Project Ideas in Genetic Analysis and Health

Genetic Risk Assessment: Analyzing DNA data to predict the risk of developing certain diseases.
Pharmacogenomics Study: Investigating how genetics influence response to medications.
Genetic Basis of Rare Diseases: Exploring the genetic underpinnings of rare disorders.
Cancer Genetic Profiling: Studying genetic markers associated with different types of cancer.
Inherited Cardiovascular Conditions: Investigating genetic factors contributing to cardiovascular diseases.
Nutrigenomics: Studying how genetics influence individual responses to diet and nutrition.
Genomic Medicine Implementation: Assessing the practicality of implementing genomic data in healthcare.
Epigenetic Modifications and Health: Exploring the role of epigenetics in health and disease.
Microbiome-Genome Interactions: Investigating the relationship between the human microbiome and DNA.
Genetic Basis of Mental Health Disorders: Studying the genetic factors behind mental illnesses.

Forensic Genetics

Forensic DNA Profiling: Developing techniques for forensic identification using DNA.
Ancestral Reconstruction: Tracing the genetic ancestry of unidentified individuals.
Cold Case Resolution: Using DNA to solve unresolved criminal cases.
Wildlife Forensics: Applying DNA analysis to combat illegal wildlife trade.
Mass Disaster Victim Identification: Developing methods for identifying victims in mass disasters.
Plant DNA Forensics: Investigating plant DNA to combat environmental crimes.
DNA Barcoding: Creating a DNA database for species identification.
Forensic Entomology with DNA: Studying insect DNA in forensic investigations.

Evolutionary Genetics

Human Evolutionary Genomics: Tracing the genetic changes in human evolution.
Comparative Genomics: Analyzing the genomes of various species to comprehend the process of evolution.
Molecular Clock Analysis: Estimating evolutionary timelines using genetic data.
Adaptive Evolution in Species: Identifying genes responsible for species adaptation.
Ancient DNA Analysis: Extracting and analyzing DNA from ancient remains.
Evolution of Antibiotic Resistance: Studying the genetic basis of antibiotic resistance in bacteria.
Domestication Genomics: Investigating the genetic changes associated with domestication.
Genomic Basis of Speciation: Exploring the genetic mechanisms driving the formation of new species.

Agricultural Genetics

Crop Improvement through Genetics: Enhancing crop traits using genetic modification.
Livestock Genomics: Improving livestock breeding through genetic analysis.
Disease Resistance in Crops: Identifying genetic factors for disease resistance in plants.
Genetic Diversity in Crop Plants: Studying and preserving genetic diversity in crop species.
GMO Detection: Developing methods to detect genetically modified organisms.
Climate-Resilient Crops: Investigating genes for climate resilience in crops.
Genetic Markers for Yield: Identifying genetic markers associated with high crop yield.
Precision Agriculture: Using genetic data for precise and sustainable farming practices.

Genetic Engineering and Synthetic Biology

CRISPR-Cas9 Applications: Exploring various applications of the CRISPR gene-editing technology.
Synthetic Life Creation: Designing and constructing synthetic organisms.
Gene Therapy Development: Investigating gene therapies for various diseases.
Designer Babies Ethical Considerations: Examining the ethical implications of genetic engineering in humans.
Bioluminescent Organisms: Creating organisms with genetically engineered bioluminescence.
Gene Drive Technology: Assessing the potential use of gene drives in controlling pests.
Genetic Modification in Bacteria: Modifying bacteria for industrial or medical purposes.
Engineering Plants for Environmental Cleanup: Developing plants with enhanced abilities to absorb pollutants.

Population Genetics and Diversity

Human Population Genomics: Studying genetic diversity in human populations.
Founder Effect in Populations: Investigating the genetic consequences of founder effects.
Genetic Drift in Small Populations: Analyzing the impact of genetic drift on small populations.
Migration Patterns through DNA: Tracing historical human migration patterns using DNA.
Genetic Basis of Ethnic Differences: Studying the genetic basis of variations among ethnic groups.
Conservation Genetics: Using DNA data to guide conservation efforts for endangered species.
Genomic Impact of Inbreeding: Investigating the genetic consequences of inbreeding in populations.
Genetic Factors in Longevity: Studying the genetics of lifespan and longevity.

Genealogy and Ancestry

Ancestry DNA Testing Accuracy: Evaluating the accuracy of commercial ancestry DNA testing.
Surname Project: Tracing the genetic markers associated with specific surnames.
Deep Ancestry Analysis: Investigating ancient ancestry beyond recent generations.
Genetic Genealogy and Adoption: Using DNA to reunite adopted individuals with biological relatives.
Phylogenetic Trees of Surnames: Creating genetic-based phylogenetic trees for surnames.
Y-Chromosome and Mitochondrial DNA Analysis: Focusing on paternal and maternal lineages.
Genetic Links to Historical Events: Exploring genetic connections to historical migrations or events.
Genetic Clusters and Migration Routes: Analyzing genetic clusters to trace migration routes.

Education and Outreach

DNA Extraction Kit Development: Creating accessible kits for DNA extraction in educational settings.
Genetics Education Game: Developing a game to teach genetics concepts engagingly.
Community DNA Projects: Involving communities in genetic research for educational purposes.
Genetic Literacy Campaign: Promoting awareness and understanding of genetics in the general public.
DIY Genetics Kit : Designing a do-it-yourself genetics kit for educational use.
Student Genetic Research Competition: Organizing competitions for student-led genetic research.
Genetic Counseling Simulation: Creating a simulation for genetic counseling training.
Science Fair Genetics Projects: Providing ideas for genetics projects for school science fairs.

Environmental DNA (eDNA)

Biodiversity Monitoring with eDNA: Using environmental DNA to monitor biodiversity.
Water Quality Assessment: Investigating the use of eDNA for assessing water quality.
Tracking Invasive Species: Detecting invasive species through environmental DNA analysis.
eDNA in Soil Analysis: Studying soil microbial diversity using environmental DNA.
Airborne DNA Analysis: Exploring the presence of DNA in the air for environmental monitoring.
eDNA for Monitoring Endangered Species: Tracking the presence of endangered species through eDNA.
eDNA and Ecosystem Health: Assessing the health of ecosystems through environmental DNA.
Forensic Environmental DNA: Applying eDNA in forensic investigations related to the environment.

Genetic Data Privacy and Ethics

DNA Data Privacy Measures: Developing methods to protect genetic data privacy.
Ethical Considerations in Genetic Research: Examining ethical issues in DNA research.
Informed Consent in Genetic Studies: Studying the importance of informed consent in genetic research.
Genetic Discrimination Awareness Campaign: Raising awareness about genetic discrimination issues.
Regulatory Framework for Genetic Testing: Analyzing regulations governing genetic testing.
Genetic Counseling Ethics: Exploring ethical considerations in genetic counseling.
DNA Ownership and Control: Discussing the ownership and control of genetic data.
Genetic Data Sharing Policies: Developing policies for responsible sharing of genetic data.

Computational Genetics

Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS): Conducting GWAS to identify genetic variants associated with traits.
Bioinformatics Pipeline Development: Creating pipelines for analyzing large-scale genetic data.
Machine Learning in Genetics: Applying machine learning algorithms for genetic data analysis.
Phylogenetic Tree Construction: Building phylogenetic trees using computational methods.
Structural Variant Analysis: Investigating structural variations in the genome.
Network Analysis of Gene Interactions: Studying gene interactions using network analysis.
Population Genetics Simulation: Simulating genetic processes to study population genetics.
Genome Editing Prediction Models: Developing models to predict outcomes of genome editing.

Personal Genomics and Lifestyle

Personalized Fitness Plans: Creating fitness plans based on genetic predispositions.
Personalized Diet Recommendations: Offering dietary recommendations based on genetic makeup.
Genetic Traits Analysis: Analyzing non-medical genetic traits like hair or eye color.
Genetic Compatibility Testing: Assessing genetic compatibility for relationships or reproduction.
Genetic Influence on Behavior: Investigating the genetic basis of certain behavioral traits.
Pharmacogenomics for Personalized Medicine: Tailoring medication prescriptions based on genetic factors.
Genetic Testing for Sports Performance: Assessing genetic predispositions for athletic performance.
Genetic Influence on Learning Styles: Studying how genetics may influence individual learning styles.

Technological Advancements in Genetics

Single-Cell DNA Sequencing: Advancing techniques for sequencing DNA from single cells.
Nanopore Sequencing Improvements: Enhancing nanopore sequencing technology for DNA analysis.
CRISPR-Based Diagnostics: Developing diagnostic tools based on CRISPR technology.
Optical Mapping of Genomes: Using optical mapping techniques for genome analysis.
Next-Generation Sequencing Applications: Exploring novel applications of next-generation sequencing.
Microfluidics for DNA Analysis: Utilizing microfluidic devices for DNA manipulation and analysis.
Genome Editing Delivery Systems: Developing efficient delivery systems for genome editing tools.
Genomic Data Compression: Creating algorithms for compressing large genomic datasets.

Ultimately, exploring DNA project ideas opens up a fascinating world of possibilities, blending science, technology, and creativity. Whether you are a student looking for a captivating science fair project or a curious individual eager to delve into genetics, these ideas provide a springboard for discovery.

From investigating gene expression to unraveling ancestral connections, the DNA projects discussed in this blog page offer a chance to deepen our understanding of life’s fundamental building blocks and engage with cutting-edge technologies shaping the future of genetic research.

As you start your DNA project, remember that every experiment and discovery helps us learn more together. It expands what we know about the complex code that forms all of us. So, get ready, gather your things, and enjoy exploring DNA. It’s like a journey that makes you curious and amazed by science!

How long do these DNA projects typically take to complete?

The duration required to accomplish a project is contingent upon its level of complexity. Projects with simplicity may be completed within a day, whereas those with greater intricacy demand extensive examination and research spanning several weeks.

Are there ethical considerations when working with DNA projects?

Yes, ethical considerations are crucial. Respect for privacy, proper disposal of materials, and adherence to ethical guidelines are emphasized in project instructions. Always ensure compliance with local regulations.

Can these projects be adapted for school assignments or science fairs?

Absolutely! Many suggested projects are designed for educational purposes and can be adapted for school assignments, science fairs, or other academic endeavors.

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20 DNA Model Project Ideas: Beginner To Advanced Level [Updated]

DNA, or Deoxyribonucleic Acid, is the molecule that holds the genetic instructions for all living things. It’s like a blueprint that determines our traits, such as eye color, height, and even susceptibility to certain diseases. So, without any delay, let’s check DNA model project ideas.

What is DNA?

Table of Contents

DNA is made up of two strands that coil around each other to form a double helix structure. It consists of four chemical bases: Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), and Guanine (G), which pair up in specific ways: A with T, and C with G.

What Makes DNA Important?

DNA holds the blueprint of life, determining our physical traits, susceptibility to diseases, and more. Studying DNA helps us understand evolution, genetic diversity, and even solve crimes through forensic science.

Why Study DNA?

Studying DNA helps us understand:

Genetic Inheritance: How traits are passed from parents to offspring.
Evolution: How species change over time.
Medical Research: Understanding diseases and finding treatments.

Why Do DNA Projects?

DNA projects are valuable educational tools that allow students to:

Explore Genetics: Understand inheritance patterns and genetic variation.
Hands-on Learning: Engage in practical experiments to grasp theoretical concepts better.
Real-World Applications: Apply knowledge to fields like medicine, agriculture, and forensic science.

20 DNA Model Project Ideas: Beginner To Advanced Level

Beginner level projects.

DNA Extraction from Fruit
Objective: Demonstrate basic DNA extraction techniques using household items.
Materials Needed
Strawberries
Dishwashing liquid
Rubbing alcohol
Coffee filter
Mash strawberries with salt, dishwashing liquid, and water.
Filter to obtain a liquid extract.
Add rubbing alcohol to precipitate DNA.
Learning Outcomes
Understand basic principles of DNA extraction.
Learn about genetic material in cells.
Genetic Traits Survey
Objective: Investigate inheritance patterns of specific traits within a group.
Survey questionnaire
Data analysis tools (e.g., Excel)
Design survey to collect trait data (e.g., eye color, blood type).
Analyze data for patterns of inheritance.
Apply Mendelian genetics principles.
Interpret data to understand genetic inheritance.
DNA Model Building
Objective: Construct a physical model of the DNA molecule.
Pipe cleaners (different colors)
Foam balls or styrofoam
Labels (A, T, C, G)

Build a double helix structure using pipe cleaners and balls.

Label nucleotide bases (A, T, C, G).

Visualize and understand DNA structure.
Identify components of DNA molecules.
DNA Bingo Game
Objective: Reinforce understanding of DNA structure and function through a game.
Bingo cards (pre-printed with DNA-related terms)
DNA structure reference sheet
Distribute bingo cards and markers.
Call out terms related to DNA structure.
Participants mark terms on their cards.
Recall DNA terminology.
Review and reinforce DNA structure knowledge.
DNA Origami
Objective: Create a paper model demonstrating DNA structure using origami techniques.
Colored paper
Follow the instructions to fold the paper into a DNA double helix shape.
Label and color-code nucleotide bases.
Understand DNA structure through hands-on folding.
Explore spatial arrangement of DNA components.

Intermediate Level Projects

DNA Replication Model
Objective: Illustrate the process of DNA replication in a simplified model.
Beads (representing nucleotides)
Enzyme models (optional)
Model unwinding of DNA helix.
Use beads to simulate pairing of nucleotides.
Demonstrate enzyme action in replication.
Explain DNA replication process step-by-step.
Understanding the role of enzymes in DNA synthesis.
Gel Electrophoresis Simulation
Objective: Simulate DNA separation technique used in forensic science and research.
Gel electrophoresis apparatus (simulated)
DNA samples (simulated)
DNA markers
Power source (e.g., batteries)
Prepare gel with wells for DNA samples.
Apply simulated DNA samples to gel.
Run electrophoresis and analyze results.
Understand principles of DNA separation.
Analyze and interpret electrophoresis results.
DNA Mutation Analysis
Objective: Investigate the impact of mutations on DNA structure and function.
DNA sequence data (simulated or real)
Bioinformatics software (optional)
Mutation reference materials
Analyze DNA sequence for mutations.
Compare mutated and normal sequences.
Predict potential effects of mutations.
Identify types of DNA mutations.
Understand consequences of mutations on genetic information.
DNA Barcoding Project
Objective: Identify and classify species using DNA barcoding technique.
PCR machine
DNA extraction kits
Barcode primers
Sequencing equipment (optional)
Extract DNA from samples (e.g., plants, insects).
Amplify specific DNA region using PCR.
Sequence and analyze barcode data.
Apply DNA barcoding technique for species identification.
Understand applications of DNA technology in biodiversity studies.
Forensic DNA Profiling
Objective: Simulate forensic DNA analysis to solve a fictional crime scenario.
Gel electrophoresis apparatus
Suspect DNA database (simulated)
Extract DNA from crime scene samples.
Amplify DNA using PCR.
Compare suspect DNA profiles using gel electrophoresis.
Apply forensic DNA analysis techniques.
Interpret and match DNA profiles to identify suspects.

Advanced Level Projects

CRISPR-Cas9 Gene Editing
Objective: Demonstrate CRISPR-Cas9 technology for targeted gene editing.
CRISPR-Cas9 kit (simulated)
Target DNA sequence
Design guide RNA to target specific gene sequence.
Perform CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing in simulated system.
Analyze results for successful editing.
Understand principles of CRISPR-Cas9 technology.
Discuss ethical implications of gene editing.
RNA Interference (RNAi) Experiment
Objective: Explore gene regulation using RNA interference technique.
RNAi kit (simulated)
Cell culture materials
Fluorescent markers (optional)
Introduce RNAi molecules targeting specific genes.
Observe changes in gene expression or phenotype.
Analyze results using microscopy or assays.
Understand RNAi mechanism in gene silencing.
Explore applications of RNAi in research and medicine.
Computational Analysis of Gene Sequences
Objective: Use bioinformatics tools to analyze and compare gene sequences.
Bioinformatics software (e.g., BLAST, GenBank)
Sequence data sets (simulated or real)
Retrieve gene sequences from databases.
Perform sequence alignment and comparison.
Interpret evolutionary relationships or mutations.
Apply bioinformatics techniques in genetic analysis.
Understand genomic diversity and evolution.
Metagenomics Study
Objective: Analyze microbial communities using metagenomics approach.
Environmental samples (soil, water)
Sequencing equipment
Extract DNA from environmental samples.
Sequence and analyze microbial DNA.
Identify and classify microbial species.
Apply metagenomics for environmental studies.
Understand microbial diversity and ecological roles.
Gene Expression Profiling
Objective: Investigate gene activity in response to environmental factors or treatments.
RNA extraction kits
Microarray or RNA sequencing technology
Treat cells with different stimuli or conditions.
Extract RNA and analyze gene expression profiles.
Interpret data to identify responsive genes.
Understand gene regulation mechanisms.
Analyze gene expression data for biological insights.
Synthetic Biology Project
Objective: Design and construct synthetic genetic circuits or pathways.
DNA synthesis services
Gene editing tools (e.g., CRISPR-Cas9 )
Design genetic constructs or pathways.
Synthesize or assemble DNA sequences.
Characterize and analyze synthetic systems.
Apply principles of synthetic biology.
Design and engineer biological systems for specific applications.
Pharmacogenomics Study
Objective: Investigate genetic factors influencing response to drugs.
DNA samples from patients
Drug information databases
Bioinformatics tools
Analyze DNA variants related to drug metabolism.
Correlate genetic data with drug response outcomes.
Discuss personalized medicine implications.
Understand pharmacogenomics principles.
Explore applications of genetics in healthcare.
Cancer Genomics Project
Objective: Study genetic mutations associated with cancer development.
Cancer cell lines
Whole genome sequencing technology
Bioinformatics pipelines
Sequence cancer genomes to identify mutations.
Analyze data for cancer-related genetic alterations.
Interpret findings in context of cancer biology.
Apply genomics in cancer research.
Investigate genetic basis of cancer progression.
Gene Regulatory Network Analysis
Objective: Construct and analyze gene regulatory networks.
Gene expression data sets
Network analysis software
Computational resources
Build gene regulatory models from expression data.
Analyze network structure and interactions.
Predict regulatory mechanisms and pathways.
Understand gene regulatory network dynamics.
Apply systems biology approaches in genetic studies.
Ethical Considerations in Genetic Research
Objective: Debate ethical dilemmas in genetic research and biotechnology.
Research articles on ethical issues
Debate format guidelines
Research ethical concerns (e.g., privacy, gene editing).
Organize debate with arguments for and against issues.
Discuss implications of genetic technologies.
Critically evaluate ethical issues in genetics.
Formulate informed opinions on biotechnological ethics.

List Of Top 5 Tools Used For DNA Model Projects

1. pcr machine (polymerase chain reaction), description.

A device used to amplify DNA sequences, making millions of copies of a specific DNA segment.

Essential for projects involving DNA replication, DNA barcoding, forensic DNA profiling, and mutation analysis.

Students can use a PCR machine to amplify DNA from a sample for further analysis or sequencing.

2. Gel Electrophoresis Apparatus

Equipment used to separate DNA fragments based on their size using an electric field.

Crucial for DNA fingerprinting simulations, analyzing PCR products, and studying genetic mutations.

Students can simulate forensic DNA profiling by separating and visualizing DNA fragments on a gel.

3. CRISPR-Cas9 Gene Editing Kit

A toolset for performing precise genetic modifications using CRISPR technology.

Suitable for advanced projects involving gene editing, synthetic biology, and studying gene functions.

Students can design and execute a CRISPR experiment to knock out a specific gene in a bacterial or plant cell.

4. Bioinformatics Software

Computational tools for analyzing DNA sequences, comparing genomes, and interpreting genetic data.

Important for computational analysis of gene sequences, gene regulatory network analysis, and metagenomics studies.

Students can use software like BLAST or GenBank to compare DNA sequences and identify genetic variations.

5. DNA Extraction Kits

Kits that provide the necessary reagents and tools to extract DNA from various biological samples.

Fundamental for projects involving DNA extraction from fruits, environmental samples, or forensic simulations.

Students can use a DNA extraction kit to isolate DNA from strawberries as part of a basic extraction experiment.

Engaging in DNA projects not only enhances understanding of genetics but also fosters critical thinking, problem-solving skills, and scientific curiosity among students.

These projects provide a hands-on approach to learning complex biological concepts and prepare students for future careers in fields like medicine, biotechnology, and research.

By exploring these DNA model project ideas, students can gain practical insights into the fascinating world of genetics and contribute to their scientific knowledge in a meaningful way.

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DNA Day Activity Ideas

Browse through a list of high-quality educational activities to engage students on DNA Day.

List of Activities

DNA Day Essay Contest from ASHG American Society of Human Genetics (ASHG) DNA Day essay contest is open to students in grades 9-12 worldwide and asks students to examine, question, and reflect on important concepts in genetics. The submission site is closed and winners will be announced on DNA Day ( Tuesday, April 25, 2024 ).

Genetics and Genomics Lesson Plans by NSTA and NHGRI Genome: Unlocking Life’s Code provides free lesson plans and storyline units to help guide your students as they explore various genetics and genomics concepts. Units will culminate in community-focused projects. High-quality professional learning experiences will also be developed to support teachers’ use of the instructional materials.

Microbiome Lesson Plans from NHGRI Short Course in Genomics Alumni The microbiome lesson plans were inspired by lectures and resources on the microbiome offered at the National Human Genome Research Institute’s (NHGRI) Short Course in Genomics. The four lesson plans focus on an introduction to the microbiome, inquiry-based and virtual labs, and the microbiome’s connection to Metabolic Syndrome.

Make A Candy DNA Model This tasty activity from the Science Buddies website helps you to explore the shape and structure of DNA. Four colors of gummy sweets represent the four bases that make up DNA. Using the tooth picks you can pair the bases correctly and make up the ladder-like shape of the DNA helix. And the best part of the activity - it's edible!

’15 for 15’ Resources Discover vetted resources highlighting advances in genomics created as part of the 15th anniversary celebration of the completion of the human genome project and the discovery of the double helix. These resources provide an explanation of the advance, videos highlighting various topics, and how anyone can engage in the science. Resources for the interested public, educators, and healthcare providers are also included.

Educational Videos from the National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) Five educational videos produced by 42 Degrees North for NHGRI, presenting genomics in a visually stunning and easily understandable manner. The videos present topics on lessons learned from the Human Genome Project, commentary from scientists and politicians on what the genome has revealed to us, what genetic testing can and cannot tell us about where we come from, the impact genomic medicine can have on patients, and finally, a wonderful presentation on the “dance” between the genome and the environment.

Strawberry DNA Extraction This video includes everything you need to know about getting DNA out of strawberries. Learn easy and fun ways to extract DNA from fresh or frozen strawberries as explained by Dr. Eric Green and Jenny Montooth. Instruction sheets of the activity are available in English and Spanish.

Modules for Classroom Outreach from NC DNA Day North Carolina DNA Day Ambassador Program has designed modules for outreach in the classroom, including presentation slides, activity protocols, presenter guides, and handouts. Module titles include "Epigenetics", "The Science behind E-Cigarettes", "Personalized Medicine", and "Forensics".

BLOSSOMS Lesson Video Library from MIT Video lessons created by teachers on a number of topics including lessons on DNA in the fields of human evolution, forensics, cancer biology, and the study of animals. Some videos are NGSS aligned.

Ask a Biologist from ASU Ask a Biologist by Arizona State University was created primarily for use by K-12 students and teachers and lifelong learners. The tools allows users to ask biology-related questions to professionals from the field who volunteer their time to answer.

Timeline of the Human Genome from Genome: Unlocking Life's Code Zip through landmark moments in genetic and genomic research. Beginning with Mendel's work with peas in the mid-1800s, the timeline includes major landmark events in genetics and genomics, and culminates with completion of the Human Genome Project.

Timeline of Ancient DNA from Genome: Unlocking Life's Code In the early 1980s, scientists began isolating ancient DNA from sources such as museum specimens, archaeological finds, fossil remains, fossilized feces, permafrost ice cores and other unusual sources of DNA. This timeline outlines the history of researchers in many fields, retrieving genetic information from ancient specimens and making ancient DNA research a fertile area of collaboration between research institutions and museums.

The Animated Genome from Genome: Unlocking Life's Code A beautiful, informative animated video about what a genome is and why it matters to each of us. This video clearly and simply explains DNA's triplet code, DNA replication, forensic and genealogical uses of DNA, and much more.

Genomics and Human Identity Lesson Plans from Genome: Unlocking Life's Code Genomics and Human Identity, an exciting new teaching resource for grades 7-12, was inspired by the NHGRI/Smithsonian Museum exhibit, Genome: Unlocking Life's Code, and developed with support from the Promega Corporation. Divided into two free lesson plans, the classroom resources include a teacher's manual, student handouts and supplementary PowerPoint slides. Lesson plan 1 introduces four easily observed human traits and their variations and identified differences between the DNA sequences of two individuals. Lesson plan 2 takes students further into the human genome than Lesson 1 - and into the dark world of shark attacks and forensic analysis.

Teaching Evolution through Human Examples from NMNH The "Teaching Evolution through Human Examples" project is produced by the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History (NMNH). These robust tools for teaching evolution were created especially for AP Biology classes but are also valuable in basic biology classes. Its four teaching units focus on: Adaptation to Altitude; Malaria; Evolution of Human Skin Color; and What Does It Mean to Be Human? The materials also include a Cultural and Religious Sensitivity resource.

In & Beyond Africa from Genome: Unlocking Life's Code "In & Beyond Africa" is an animated set of interactive learning resources freely accessible on the website for Genome: Unlocking Life's Code. Subtitled "follow our genomic journey," this interactive opens with an overview of human migrations throughout Africa and beyond, and contains five mini-games focused on topics of human development.

Resource Library from Genome: Unlocking Life's Code The Genome: Unlocking Life's Code multimedia database is composed of free, copyright-free, downloadable illustrations, animations, and mobile apps related to genetics, genomics, and topics discussed on the website and in the NHGRI/Smithsonian exhibitionGenome: Unlocking Life's Code.

Talking Glossary of Genetic Terms from NHGRI The "Talking Glossary of Genetic Terms," is a learning tool created by the National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) designed for use by teachers, students, and the general public to help explain the terms used in modern genetics and genomics. It features the voices of leading scientists in genetics explaining the definition of each term in their own words. The Talking Glossary is available in English and Spanish language versions online, and is available in English as a free downloadable iPhone or iPad app.

Visible Proofs: Forensic Views of the Body Lesson Plan from NLM The National Library of Medicine (NLM) has created this lesson titled "DNA - A Molecular Identity". In Lesson 1, students learn about what DNA is and several different DNA typing techniques. In Lesson 2, students examine three different situations where DNA typing was used to carry out justice. Students also identify and evaluate different uses of DNA typing techniques and its possible benefits and misuses.

Tour of Basic Genetics from GSLC The Tour of Basic Genetics by the Genetic Science Learning Center (GSLC) at the University of Utah walks through simple explanations of a number of key genetics terms, including "What is a gene?", "What is DNA?" and "What is Heredity?" These clear, plain language explanations are paired with helpful visuals allowing participants to fully grasp this important terminology.

Epigenetics Resources from GSLC This series of resources about epigenetics by the Genetic Science Learning Center (GSLC) at the University of Utah includes an introductory video called "The Epigenome at a Glance," a number of interactive tools demonstrating key epigenetics concepts, and other great resources exploring the relationship between epigenetics and nutrition, the brain, inheritance and more.

Informational Videos from Stated Clearly These engaging animated videos by Stated Clearly, accurately explain the basics of genetics and evolution. Together they act as an introductory course to these fields of study, with videos including "What Exactly Is a Gene?", "What is DNA and How Does It Work?" and "How Does New Genetic Information Evolve?"

Characteristics of Inheritance from GSLC This series of resources by the Genetic Science Learning Center (GSLC) at the University of Utah about characteristics of inheritance covers difficult questions like "What is Heredity?" and "What is a Trait?" with simple language. These resources also include information about specific inheritance of gene examples, and ten straightforward, printable activities to learn about traits with your family or class.

Coloring with Cell Science Coloring Book Pages Want to celebrate DNA Day with a younger crowd? Or just the young at heart? Enjoy Cell Press' Coloring with Cell: coloring book pages exploring the world of cellular biology. These color-in comics are graphical representations of a bioscientific process, left black and white for your coloring pleasure! Pages include a double helix, DNA replication and an RNA polymerase.

Molecules of Interitance from GSLC This collection of resources by the Genetic Science Learning Center (GSLC) at the University of Utah includes information about molecules involved in inheritance, including DNA and Genes, RNA, Proteins and The Central Dogma, which explains the relationship between these molecules. These resources for each molecue include interactive exploration tools, explanations of core topics, and applications and examples.

Lesson Plans from pgEd This lesson plan database from the Personal Genetics Education Project (pgEd) includes interactive lessons for high school and college educators to engage their students in discussions of ethics and personal genetics. The lessons are relevant to multiple subjects, including biology, health, social studies, law, physical education and psychology. All contain background reading for teachers and students, a selection of classroom activities, discussion points, in some cases a slide presentation or video clip, and an evaluation. Topics include "Introduction to personal genetics", "Direct-to-consumer genetic testing", "History, eugenics and genetics" and many more.

3D Animation Database from DNALC The DNA Learning Center (DNALC) at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory has a large database of 3D animations that can be viewed within your Web browser or downloaded to play from your computer. These animations can be helpful for visualizing complex biological concepts. Videos include: "Transcription & Translation: RNA Splicing", "DNA Molecule: How DNA is Packaged", "DNA Unzips" and many more.

Chromosomes & Inheritance from GSLC This group of resources from the Genetic Science Learning Center (GSLC) at the University of Utah cover the topic of chromosomes and inheritance. Resources discuss "What is a Chromosome", and "How Do Scientists Read Chromosomes" with a number of resources on karyotypes. Also, articipants can make their own karyotype in an interactive exploration activity.

'Your Genome and You' Infographic from NHGRI's PCOEG This infographic - Your Genome and You - from the National Human Genome Research Institute's (NHGRI) Partnership for Community Outreach and Engagement in Genomics (PCOEG) offers the general public an introduction into the basics of genetics and genomics.Your Genome and You gives information on how the science of genetics and genomics impacts what a person looks like (physical traits) and their health (risk for disease). The images and text highlight the progress being made in this rapidly growing field and its impact on the lives of us all.

Pigeon Breeding: Genetics At Work from GSLC This series of resources about inheritance by the Genetic Science Learning Center (GSLC) at the University of Utah uses the model of a pigeon to convey complex inheritance concepts, such as independent assortment, probability, epistatis, linkage and more. These resources include interactives, songs, games and a gallery of interited characteristics in pigeons.

Timeline: Organisms That Have Had Their Genomes Sequenced In this timeline from the Genome Research Limited and Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, you can follow the timeline of organisms that have been sequenced. Starting with the Bacteriophage MS2 in 1976 to the Zebrafish in 2013, we now have a large catalogue of genomes that have been sequenced that we can study and compare. Included for each organism is: "What is it?", "Why was it sequenced?", "Who sequenced it?", "How many bases?" and "How many chromosomes?"

Genetic Variation from GSLC These resources from the Genetic Science Learning Center (GSLC) at the University of Utah discuss "How Variation Comes About" and "What is Mutation?" Through a number of interactive exploration rools and informational resources, students can learn about sources of genetic variation and models for learning more about it.

Evolution: DNA and the Unity of Life from GSLC This collection of resources by the Genetic Science Learning Center (GSLC) at the University of Utah covers topics on genetic variation and selection, and their relationship to time. This includes a number of evolution interactive exploration tools, where you can learn about drivers of evolution, track traits through time or explore rapid evolutionary change through "rock pocket mice." Resources also discuss artificial vs. natural selection, models of evolution through corn, the eye and the stickleback fish.

Sequence Bracelets from the Wellcome Genome Campus In this activity from the Wellcome Genome Campus' "yourgenome" website, make a bracelet of DNA sequence from organisms including a human, chimpanzee, butterfly, carnivorous plant or flesh-eating bacteria. This activity is an enjoyable way of exploring the basics of DNA sequences and complementary base pairing. A DNA sequence is provided for a chosen organism. Make one strand of the bracelet and then create the other strand using the basic rules of base pairing.

Genetic Science and Society from GSLC This section of resources from the Genetic Science Learning Center (GSLC) at the University of Utah includes current topics of interest in genetics and how they relate to society. These topics include: "Transgenetic Mice", "Genetically Modified Foods", "Pharming for Farmaceuticals", forensics, conservational biology and more.

DNA Origami activity Create a paper DNA helix orgiami in this hands-on activity from the National Human Genome Research Institute. This activity brings to life the double helix structure of DNA in full colore. Download the instruction sheet and model, or watch the short step-by-step video on how to arrange the helix.

Last updated: March 5, 2024

60+ Astonishing DNA Model Project Ideas For Medical Students

Greetings, Science Explorers! Get ready to unravel the mysteries of life as we dive into the fascinating world of DNA Model Project Ideas. Whether you’re a biology buff, a student eager to ace that science fair, or simply curious about the building blocks of life, this guide is your passport to a hands-on journey through the intricate realms of DNA.

From double helix wonders to creative interpretations, join us in the exploration of captivating projects that bring the essence of genetics to life. Let’s turn your curiosity into a masterpiece of scientific creativity!

Table of Contents

DNA Model Project Ideas

Check out some of the best dna model project ideas:-

Simple DNA Models

Twisted Pipe Cleaner Model: Create a simple DNA double helix using colorful pipe cleaners.
Lego DNA Model: Construct a basic DNA structure using Lego bricks.
Straw DNA Model: Assemble a DNA model with drinking straws and adhesive materials.
Paper DNA Model: Craft a paper DNA helix with colored strips and glue.
Edible DNA Model: Build a DNA model using licorice and marshmallows for a tasty twist.
DNA Necklace: Design a DNA model necklace using beads.
Playdough DNA Model: Mold DNA strands with colorful playdough.
Yarn DNA Model: Create a simple DNA helix using different-colored yarn.
Pasta DNA Model: Use pasta pieces to form a DNA structure.
Balloon DNA Model: Craft a 3D DNA model with balloons and string.
Rubber Band DNA Model: Stretch and loop rubber bands to represent DNA.
Doodle DNA Model: Draw a DNA double helix with intricate patterns and designs.
Cardboard DNA Model: Use cardboard cutouts to build a simple DNA model.
Sticker DNA Model: Stick adhesive labels to form a DNA structure.
Recycled DNA Model: Create a DNA model using recycled materials from around your home.
Painted DNA Model: Paint a DNA double helix on canvas or paper.
Strand Bracelets: Make DNA-themed bracelets using colored strings.
Origami DNA Model: Craft a DNA model with origami techniques.
Candy DNA Model: Use various candies to represent base pairs in DNA.
Lacing Cards DNA Model: Create DNA lacing cards for a hands-on learning experience.

Intermediate DNA Models

3D Printed DNA Model: Design and 3D print a detailed DNA model.
Interactive DNA Model: Create a DNA model with rotating parts to demonstrate DNA replication.
Wire DNA Sculpture: Craft an artistic DNA model using wire and beads.
Pop Bead DNA Model: Use pop beads to assemble a hands-on DNA model.
Styrofoam Ball DNA Model: Build a 3D DNA structure with Styrofoam balls and paint.
Virtual Reality DNA Model: Develop a virtual reality experience for visualizing DNA structures.
Kinetic DNA Sculpture: Construct a moving DNA sculpture with dynamic elements.
Magnetic DNA Model: Build a DNA model with magnetic components.
Glow-in-the-Dark DNA Model: Create a DNA structure that glows in the dark.
Large-scale DNA Art Installation: Design and construct a large DNA-themed art installation.
Mixed Media DNA Model: Craft a DNA model using various art materials.
Laser-Cut DNA Model: Use laser cutting technology to create a precise DNA model.
Interactive DNA Projection: Create a digital projection of a dynamic DNA structure.
Claymation DNA Model: Animate a DNA structure using claymation techniques.
LED DNA Model: Incorporate LEDs into a DNA model for a unique lighting effect.
Glassblown DNA Model: Collaborate with a glassblower to create a glass DNA sculpture.
Holographic DNA Model: Develop a holographic representation of DNA.
Molecular Gastronomy DNA Model: Create a DNA model using food and molecular gastronomy techniques.
Geodesic Dome DNA Model: Construct a geodesic dome-shaped DNA model.
Augmented Reality DNA Model: Develop an augmented reality app for exploring DNA structures.

Advanced DNA Models

DNA Origami: Explore the art of origami to create intricate DNA models.
DNA Jewelry: Design DNA-themed jewelry pieces using beads and wire.
Intricate DNA Sculpture: Sculpt an intricately detailed DNA model from clay or resin.
Genomic Data Visualization: Create an interactive DNA data visualization project.
DNA Art Gallery Exhibition: Curate an art gallery exhibition featuring DNA-themed artworks.
Life-sized DNA Sculpture: Build a life-sized DNA model in a public space or science museum.
Genomic Mural: Create a DNA-themed mural on a building or wall.
Bioinformatics Software: Develop bioinformatics software for DNA analysis.
DNA Kinetic Art: Craft a kinetic art piece inspired by DNA structures.
DNA Music Composition: Compose music inspired by DNA sequences.
Bioluminescent DNA Model: Create a bioluminescent DNA model.
DNA Microscopy Art: Generate art using microscopy images of DNA.
Immersive DNA Experience: Design an immersive art installation related to DNA.
DNA-Encoded Poetry: Create poetry with DNA-encoded patterns and motifs.
DNA-themed Architecture: Incorporate DNA-inspired design into architectural projects.
3D Holographic DNA Sculpture: Build a 3D holographic sculpture of DNA.
Botanical DNA Art: Craft a botanical artwork featuring DNA motifs.
Circuit Board DNA Model: Design a functional circuit board with a DNA theme.
DNA-Embedded Jewelry: Embed DNA-themed designs into jewelry pieces.
Bioart DNA Sculpture: Create a bioart sculpture with living DNA components.

These project ideas cater to different skill levels and interests, offering a wide range of creative opportunities for exploring DNA modeling. Enjoy your DNA model projects!

What do you use for a DNA model project?

Hey Future Scientists! Ready to bring the magic of DNA to life? Let’s talk tools for your DNA model project – because learning about genetics should be as exciting as it sounds. Here’s your ultimate toolkit:

Your sugary heroes! These candies are not just for snacking; they’ll be the backbone of your DNA. Bonus points if they’re easy to twist!
The colorful stars of the show! Choose two vibrant colors to represent Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), and Guanine (G), the cool DNA bases.
The glue of your project! Toothpicks will connect the candy and create those all-important base pairs. It’s where the magic happens.
The stage for your DNA masterpiece! This provides stability and lets you show off your creation.

Optional Accessories

Fancy a bit of education? Label different parts of your model. It’s like adding nametags to your DNA party.
For those creative adjustments. Cut candy or trim toothpicks to fit your vision.
The secret sauce! Your unique touch will make your DNA model stand out.
Make some space for creativity! Having everything in reach makes crafting more fun.
Unwrap and straighten your candy – they’re the backbone. Attach marshmallows or gumdrops to toothpicks for your base pairs.
Connect the toothpick base pairs to the candy backbone, following the base-pairing dance (A-T, C-G).
Get ready for the twist! Gently twirl the candy and toothpick structure to create that iconic double helix shape.
Mold some modeling clay or playdough into a stand. Stick the base of your DNA structure into it – your DNA deserves a red-carpet entrance!
Feeling like a scientist on a labeling spree? Go ahead, add labels for that extra touch.

Now, you’re all set for your DNA adventure! Unleash your creativity, dive into the wonders of genetics, and enjoy crafting your one-of-a-kind DNA model. Let the DNA party begin!

How can I make a DNA model?

Hey Science Enthusiasts! Grab your crafting gear, and let’s get started on this scientific escapade!

What You’ll Need

Twistable Candy: Snag some twisted candies—Twizzlers or licorice are perfect. These will be the sugary building blocks of our DNA.
Colored Marshmallows or Gum Drops: Pick out two vibrant colors for each base—Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), and Guanine (G).
Toothpicks: A bunch of toothpicks to connect the sweet candies and form those crucial base pairs.

Modeling Clay or Playdough

Time to get creative! We’ll use this to craft a sturdy base for our DNA model.

Crafting Your DNA Marvel

Sugar-Phosphate Backbone: Line up those twistable candies like a sugary highway. This is the backbone of our DNA.
Base Pairing Fun: Stick those colorful marshmallows or gumdrops onto toothpicks. Remember, Adenine (A) buddies up with Thymine (T), and Cytosine (C) partners with Guanine (G). Connect them with toothpicks.
Assembling the DNA Dance: Now, it’s time to intertwine! Attach the toothpicks with base pairs to the candy backbone, creating a dance of colors and flavors.
Twist and Shout: Gently twist your candy and toothpick structure. Watch the magic happen as your DNA takes on that iconic double helix form.
Building a DNA Pedestal: Mold some modeling clay or playdough into a sturdy stand. Pop the base of your DNA structure into it, securing your masterpiece.
Bonus Points – Labeling Feeling extra sciency? Label the different parts of your model—because who said genetics can’t be fashionable?

There you have it! Your very own DNA model, and guess what? Learning about genetics has never been this sweet and fun. So, get creative, get hands-on, and let the science magic flow. Happy crafting, DNA explorers!

How do you explain a DNA project?

A DNA project, or “Deoxyribonucleic Acid” project, is like taking a fascinating journey into the blueprint of life itself. It’s all about unraveling the mysteries of DNA, that incredible molecule found in every living being.

DNA is like nature’s instruction manual, holding the secrets to how creatures big and small come to be, from us humans to the tiniest of microorganisms.

In a DNA project, you get to dive into this microscopic world, and it’s a lot of fun. Here’s a glimpse of what you might explore:

DNA Detective Work: Ever wondered how forensic scientists catch the bad guys on TV? They use DNA! In your DNA project, you can play detective and learn how DNA analysis helps solve real-life mysteries.
Clone Wars (of the Science Variety): Discover the magic behind DNA replication. It’s how cells make copies of themselves, and it’s a crucial part of genetics.
Superheroes of Genetic Engineering: Want to make glowing plants or bacteria that produce medicine? Genetic engineering in DNA projects can make you feel like a real-life superhero.
The Gene Genie: Genetic testing is all the rage. Find out how scientists use DNA to uncover your ancestry or predict genetic conditions.
Incredible DNA Models: Get crafty and build your very own DNA model. It’s like creating a work of art that shows off DNA’s famous double helix structure.
Evolution’s Tale in DNA: Ever wondered how scientists trace the family tree of species? DNA projects reveal the secrets of evolution.

What is the model of DNA?

Imagine you’re embarking on a molecular adventure, and the tour guide is none other than the incredible double helix structure of DNA. It’s like the architectural masterpiece of life itself.

Now, Imagine DNA as a super-tiny, microscopic ladder that’s been playfully twisted into a mesmerizing shape. This ladder has two side rails made of sugar and phosphate groups, and what connects them are the rungs of the ladder, formed by pairs of nitrogenous bases.

Here’s the real showstopper: the base pairs are like the puzzle pieces of life. Adenine (A) pairs up with thymine (T), and guanine (G) cozies up to cytosine (C). It’s like a never-ending love story that keeps the strands together.

But there’s more magic! These two twisted rails run in opposite directions, just like cars passing each other on a two-lane highway. That’s what scientists mean by “anti-parallel.” It’s like DNA has its own traffic rules!

This unique structure isn’t just for show. It’s the keeper of our genetic secrets. All the instructions for building and operating a living organism are written in the order of those nitrogenous bases. It’s like a tiny, elegant code that spells out life.

So, when you think of DNA, don’t picture a boring molecule. Imagine a beautifully twisted ladder of life, holding the keys to our existence, and you’ll start to appreciate the double helix model in all its natural splendor.

In conclusion, DNA model projects are an exciting way to delve into the captivating world of genetics and molecular biology . These hands-on creations allow you to explore the intricate structure of DNA, understand its importance in genetics, and showcase your scientific creativity.

Whether you’re crafting a double helix from everyday materials or utilizing advanced 3D printing techniques, DNA model projects offer a unique opportunity to learn, engage, and inspire.

They serve as a bridge between science and art, inviting you to express your understanding of life’s fundamental building blocks in a visually appealing and educational manner.

So, the next time you’re seeking an educational and enjoyable science project, consider the diverse DNA model ideas we’ve explored. From the classic double helix to dynamic representations, there’s a project for every level of expertise and interest.

As you embark on your DNA model journey, remember to infuse your personal flair, embrace the endless possibilities, and enjoy the thrilling adventure of unlocking the secrets of life’s code.

Frequently Asked Questions

What’s the educational value of a dna model project.

DNA model projects offer an engaging way to learn about DNA’s structure and its role in genetics. They provide hands-on experience, reinforce scientific concepts, and promote a deeper understanding of this fundamental molecule of life.

Are there any safety precautions I should take when working on a DNA model project?

When working with materials, especially if you’re using adhesives or small objects, be cautious and ensure you’re in a well-ventilated area. If you’re working with young children, provide appropriate supervision.

DNA Project Ideas for High School

How to Write a School Project Proposal

One way to teach high school biology classes about genetics is to do DNA project. Because the idea of DNA is difficult for many students to conceptualize, interactive activities are one route to take when planning a DNA project. In-depth studies of DNA usually take place after some direct instruction on the basic terms and concepts.

Perhaps the most common DNA project in high school, many biology classes require students to construct a model of a double helix using any material they desire. This activity is helpful because not only do students have to have an understanding of DNA to complete the assignment, they also have to apply their understanding. This project allows students to think creatively about how to construct their model. By allowing the class to choose their own materials to make the model, students must problem solve and use critical thinking skills to complete the task.

National Geographic Genographic Project

National Geographic's Genographic Project is constructing a global genetic database and, for a fee, will trace any person's mitochondrial DNA to "reveal direct maternal ancestry." The package includes a cheek-swab kit and a DVD of the National Geographic Channel/PBS production "The Journey of Man." For this project, discuss the process of tracing genetic information with students before announcing that you will trace your own maternal ancestral background through your DNA. After receiving your genetic background information, share it with the class and ask students to write about how our new capabilities of DNA analysis help people. If you are not comfortable conducting the DNA analysis on yourself, find a co-worker who would like to volunteer.

Biotechnology Partnerships

Many state universities offer biotechnology partnerships to public schools. Canvas local schools to find out if there is a similar program in your state. Some programs go so far as to provide molecular genetics (DNA science) experiments, equipment, activities and workshops to biology teachers. If there is not a specific program in your area, ask a college biology professor to be a guest speaker in your class. Using this resource may pique your students' interest in continuing education and may offer access to equipment that is not available in most high school science labs.

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University of Arizona: Biotech Project: About
National Geographic: The Genographic Project

Julia Klaus has been a writer and copy editor for three years. She has edited books including "Top Dollar Plumber" by Sid Southerland and is contributer to eHow. Klaus has experience writing web copy and training manuals and has a Bachelor of Arts in English as well as a Master of Arts in teaching from the University of Portland.

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Science Fair Project Ideas for Kids, Middle & High School Students ⋅

What Are Some Good DNA Science Projects?

Extract Your Own DNA and More With These Awesome Science Kits

Deoxyribonucleic acid is an instruction or how-to manual for any genetic individual, including the human body. A complete set of these instructions for any organism is known as the genome, and DNA is not just found in humans. All living things including plants and bacteria contain DNA. Whether a student chooses to examine various aspects of human or animal examples of this material or discover more about plant and food DNA, the subject of deoxyribonucleic acid has enough variety and complexity to make it great for science projects.

What Makes a DNA Fingerprint Unique?

Human DNA is about 99.9 percent identical between any two people. It is also nearly identical to the DNA of chimpanzees. Even though the differences in human DNA are small, they are enough to give each person unique fingerprints. Testing unique DNA sequences to determine if they can make unique, individual fingerprints can be a good science project for fourth- to sixth-graders. Using an online random sequence generator, students can make or simulate DNA. They will use another online program to make fingerprints for each piece of DNA they have created. From these pieces of created DNA, students will be able to determine if DNA sequences are the same or unique.

Science Buddies http://www.sciencebuddies.org/science-fair-projects/project_ideas/BioChem_p016.shtml?fave=no&isb=c2lkOjEsaWE6QmlvQ2hlbSxwOjEscmlkOjU1ODkxODA&from=TSW

Extracting Onion DNA

DNA is not found in humans or animals only, but in all organic tissue. Foods, like onions, have DNA as well. Getting DNA from an onion is a science project that has a difficulty level appropriate for fifth-graders. The procedure is relatively simple, making use of many items already in the house such as a blender, alcohol and a kitchen timer. Students will place chopped onion in a solution of table salt, distilled water, alcohol and dish-washing liquid or shampoo. Put this solution into hot water followed by cold water to reveal onion DNA. Because onions contain very little starch, the student will be able to clearly see the DNA they have extracted.

Science Buddies http://www.sciencebuddies.org/science-fair-projects/project_ideas/BioChem_p001.shtml?fave=no&isb=c2lkOjEsaWE6QmlvQ2hlbSxwOjEscmlkOjU1ODkxODA&from=TSW

Build a DNA-Identifying Tool

Building a tool to identify DNA is a science project more attuned to seventh- through ninth-grade level study. The project involves building a gel electrophoresis chamber to compare molecules in food-coloring dye. Electrophoresis is the method scientists use to separate and see macromolecules such as DNA. Students will need stainless steel wire, nine-volt batteries, plastic foam and other supplies to build the chamber. Baking soda, food coloring, Agarose gel and other supplies will be needed to conduct the experiment. Students will place gel and food coloring in the chamber to determine how many macromolecules are in the dye and which dye goes through the gel fastest.

Science Buddies http://www.sciencebuddies.org/science-fair-projects/project_ideas/BioChem_p028.shtml?fave=no&isb=c2lkOjEsaWE6QmlvQ2hlbSxwOjEscmlkOjU1ODkxODA&from=TSW

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Serena Brown graduated from the University of South Alabama with a bachelor's degree in communication. She has more than 15 years of experience in newspaper, radio and television reporting. Brown has also authored educational, medical and fitness material.

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122 The Best Genetics Research Topics For Projects

The study of genetics takes place across different levels of the education system in academic facilities all around the world. It is an academic discipline that seeks to explain the mechanism of heredity and genes in living organisms. First discovered back in the 1850s, the study of genetics has come a pretty long way, and it plays such an immense role in our everyday lives. Therefore, when you are assigned a genetics research paper, you should pick a topic that is not only interesting to you but one that you understand well.

Choosing Research Topics in Genetics

Even for the most knowledgeable person in the room, choosing a genetics topic for research papers can be, at times, a hectic experience. So we put together a list of some of the most exciting top in genetics to make the endeavor easier for you. However, note, while all the topics we’ve listed below will enable you to write a unique genetic project, remember what you choose can make or break your paper. So again, select a topic that you are both interested and knowledgeable on, and that has plenty of research materials to use. Without further ado, check out the topics below.

Interesting Genetics Topics for your Next Research Paper

Genes and DNA: write a beginners’ guide to genetics and its applications
Factors that contribute or/and cause genetic mutations
Genetics and obesity, what do you need to know?
Describe RNA information
Is there a possibility of the genetic code being confidential?
Are there any living cells present in the gene?
Cancer and genetics
Describe the role of genetics in the fight against Alzheimer’s disease
What is the gene
Is there a link between genetics and Parkinson’s disease? Explain your answer.
Replacement of genes and artificial chromosomes
Explain genetic grounds for obesity
Development and disease; how can genetics dissect the developing process
Analyzing gene expression – RNA
Gene interaction; eye development
Advances and developments in nanotechnology to enable therapeutic methods for the treatment of HIV and AIDS.
Isolating and identifying the cancer treatment activity of special organic metal compounds.
Analyzing the characteristics in certain human genes that can withstand heavy metals.
A detailed analysis of genotypes that is both sensitive and able to endure heavy metals.
Isolating special growth-inducing bacteria that can assist crops during heavy metal damage and identifying lipid directing molecules for escalating heavy metal endurance in plants.

Hot and Controversial Topics in Genetics

Is there a link between genetics and homosexuality? Explain your answer
Is it ethical and morally upright to grow human organs
Can DNA changes beat aging
The history and development of human cloning science
How addictive substances alter our genes
Are genetically modified foods safe for human and animal consumption?
Is depression a genetically based condition?
Genetic diagnosis of the fetus
Genetic analysis of the DNA structure
What impact does cloning have on future generations?
What is the link between genetics and autism?
Can artificial insemination have any sort of genetic impact on a person?
The advancements in genetic research and the bioethics that come with them.
Is human organ farming a possibility today?
Can genetics allow us to design and build a human to our specifications?
Is it ethical to try and tamper with human genetics in any way?

Molecular Genetics Topics

Molecular techniques: How to analyze DNA(including genomes), RNA as well as proteins
Stem cells describe their potential and shortcomings
Describe molecular and genome evolution
Describe DNA as the agent of heredity
Explain the power of targeted mutagenesis
Bacteria as a genetic system
Explain how genetic factors increase cancer susceptibility
Outline and describe recent advances in molecular cancer genetics
Does our DNA sequencing have space for more?
Terminal illness and DNA.
Does our DNA determine our body structure?
What more can we possibly discover about DNA?

Genetic Engineering Topics

Define gene editing, and outline key gene-editing technologies, explaining their impact on genetic engineering
The essential role the human microbiome plays in preventing diseases
The principles of genetic engineering
Project on different types of cloning
What is whole genome sequencing
Explain existing studies on DNA-modified organisms
How cloning can impact medicine
Does our genetics hold the key to disease prevention?
Can our genetics make us resistant to certain bacteria and viruses?
Why our genetics plays a role in chronic degenerative diseases.
Is it possible to create an organism in a controlled environment with genetic engineering?
Would cloning lead to new advancements in genetic research?
Is there a possibility to enhance human DNA?
Why do we share DNA with so many other animals on the planet?
Is our DNA still evolving or have reached our biological limit?
Can human DNA be manipulated on a molecular or atomic level?
Do we know everything there is to know about our DNA, or is there more?

Controversial Human Genetic Topics

Who owns the rights to the human genome
Is it legal for parents to order genetically perfect children
is genetic testing necessary
What is your stand on artificial insemination vs. ordinary pregnancy
Do biotech companies have the right to patent human genes
Define the scope of the accuracy of genetic testing
Perks of human genetic engineering
Write about gene replacement and its relationship to artificial chromosomes.
Analyzing DNA and cloning
DNA isolation and nanotechnology methods to achieve it.
Genotyping of African citizens.
Greatly mutating Y-STRs and the isolated study of their genetic variation.
The analytical finding of indels and their genetic diversity.

DNA Research Paper Topics

The role and research of DNA are so impactful today that it has a significant effect on our daily lives today. From health care to medication and ethics, over the last few decades, our knowledge of DNA has experienced a lot of growth. A lot has been discovered from the research of DNA and genetics.

Therefore, writing a good research paper on DNA is quite the task today. Choosing the right topic can make things a lot easier and interesting for writing your paper. Also, make sure that you have reliable resources before you begin with your paper.

Can we possibly identify and extract dinosaur DNA?
Is the possibility of cloning just around the corner?
Is there a connection between the way we behave and our genetic sequence?
DNA research and the environment we live in.
Does our DNA sequencing have something to do with our allergies?
The connection between hereditary diseases and our DNA.
The new perspectives and complications that DNA can give us.
Is DNA the reason all don’t have similar looks?
How complex human DNA is.
Is there any sort of connection between our DNA and cancer susceptibility and resistance?
What components of our DNA affect our decision-making and personality?
Is it possible to create DNA from scratch under the right conditions?
Why is carbon such a big factor in DNA composition?
Why is RNA something to consider in viral research and its impact on human DNA?
Can we detect defects in a person’s DNA before they are born?

Genetics Topics For Presentation

The subject of genetics can be quite broad and complex. However, choosing a topic that you are familiar with and is unique can be beneficial to your presentation. Genetics plays an important part in biology and has an effect on everyone, from our personal lives to our professional careers.

Below are some topics you can use to set up a great genetics presentation. It helps to pick a topic that you find engaging and have a good understanding of. This helps by making your presentation clear and concise.

Can we create an artificial gene that’s made up of synthetic chromosomes?
Is cloning the next step in genetic research and engineering?
The complexity and significance of genetic mutation.
The unlimited potential and advantages of human genetics.
What can the analysis of an individual’s DNA tell us about their genetics?
Is it necessary to conduct any form of genetic testing?
Is it ethical to possibly own a patent to patent genes?
How accurate are the results of a genetics test?
Can hereditary conditions be isolated and eliminated with genetic research?
Can genetically modified food have an impact on our genetics?
Can genetics have a role to play in an individual’s sexuality?
The advantages of further genetic research.
The pros and cons of genetic engineering.
The genetic impact of terminal and neurological diseases.

Biotechnology Topics For Research Papers

As we all know, the combination of biology and technology is a great subject. Biotechnology still offers many opportunities for eager minds to make innovations. Biotechnology has a significant role in the development of modern technology.

Below you can find some interesting topics to use in your next biotechnology research paper. Make sure that your sources are reliable and engage both you and the reader.

Settlements that promote sustainable energy technology maintenance.
Producing ethanol through molasses emission treatment.
Evapotranspiration and its different processes.
Circular biotechnology and its widespread framework.
Understanding the genes responsible for flora response to harsh conditions.
Molecule signaling in plants responding to dehydration and increased sodium.
The genetic improvement of plant capabilities in major crop yielding.
Pharmacogenomics on cancer treatment medication.
Pharmacogenomics on hypertension treating medication.
The uses of nanotechnology in genotyping.
How we can quickly detect and identify food-connected pathogens using molecular-based technology.
The impact of processing technology both new and traditional on bacteria cultures linked to Aspalathus linearis.
A detailed analysis of adequate and renewable sorghum sources for bioethanol manufacturing in South Africa.
A detailed analysis of cancer treatment agents represented as special quinone compounds.
Understanding the targeted administering of embelin to cancerous cells.

Tips for Writing an Interesting Genetics Research Paper

All the genetics research topics above are excellent, and if utilized well, could help you come up with a killer research paper. However, a good genetics research paper goes beyond the topic. Therefore, besides choosing a topic, you are most interested in, and one with sufficient research materials ensure you

Fully Understand the Research Paper Format

You may write on the most interesting genetics topics and have a well-thought-out set of ideas, but if your work is not arranged in an engaging and readable manner, your professor is likely to dismiss it, without looking at what you’ve written. That is the last thing you need as a person seeking to score excellent grades. Therefore, before you even put pen to paper, understand what research format is required.

Keep in mind that part of understanding the paper’s format is knowing what words to use and not to use. You can contact our trustful masters to get qualified assistance.

Research Thoroughly and Create an Outline

Whichever genetics research paper topics you decide to go with, the key to having excellent results is appropriately researching it. Therefore, embark on a journey to understand your genetics research paper topic by thoroughly studying it using resources from your school’s library and the internet.

Ensure you create an outline so that you can note all the useful genetic project ideas down. A research paper outline will help ensure that you don’t forget even one important point. It also enables you to organize your thoughts. That way, writing them down in the actual genetics research paper becomes smooth sailing. In other words, a genetics project outline is more like a sketch of the paper.

Other than the outline, it pays to have an excellent research strategy. In other words, instead of looking for information on any random source you come across, it would be wise to have a step-by-step process of looking for the research information.

For instance, you could start by reading your notes to see what they have to say about the topic you’ve chosen. Next, visit your school’s library, go through any books related to your genetics research paper topic to see whether the information on your notes is correct and for additional information on the topic. Note, you can visit the library either physically or via your school’s website. Lastly, browse educational sites such as Google Scholar, for additional information. This way, you’ll start your work with a bunch of excellent genetics project ideas, and at the same time, you’ll have enjoyed every step of the research process.

Get Down to Work

Now turn the genetics project ideas on your outline into a genetics research paper full of useful and factual information.

There is no denying writing a genetics research paper is one of the hardest parts of your studies. But with the above genetics topics and writing tips to guide you, it should be a tad easier. Good luck!

Type and hit Enter to search

8 bioinformatics projects for students: ultimate step by step guide.

Bioinformatics is a multidisciplinary field that combines biology, computer science, and data analysis to understand biological data. Working on bioinformatics projects for students helps them gain practical skills and knowledge.

Bioinformatics Projects for Students

Here are 8 detailed bioinformatics projects for students, complete with step-by-step instructions and resources.

1. DNA Sequence Alignment

DNA sequence alignment arranges DNA sequences to identify regions of similarity, indicating functional, structural, or evolutionary relationships. This is a fundamental bioinformatics project for students.

Step 1: Choose Sequences

Resource : NCBI GenBank

Action : Search for DNA sequences of interest.

Step 2: Select Tools

Resource : BLAST , Clustal Omega

Action : Choose an appropriate tool based on your needs.

Step 3: Input Data

Action : Enter the DNA sequences into the selected tool.

Step 4: Run Alignment

Action : Execute the alignment process by clicking the relevant button.

Step 5: Analyze Results

Action : Review the alignment results to identify conserved regions and differences.

Clustal Omega

How to Become a Data Scientist with a Biology Degree

2. Protein Structure Prediction

Predicting protein structure from its amino acid sequence is crucial for understanding its function and interactions. This is another essential bioinformatics project for students.

Step 1: Select a Protein

Resource : UniProt

Action: Choose a protein whose structure is unknown or not well-studied.

Step 2: Gather Sequence Data

Action : Obtain the amino acid sequence from UniProt.

Step 3: Choose Prediction Tool

Resource : SWISS-MODEL, Phyre2

Action : Select a tool for structure prediction.

Step 4: Submit Sequence

Action : Input the amino acid sequence into the tool.

Step 5: Analyze Structure

Action : Review the predicted 3D structure. Compare it with known structures to understand functional sites.

SWISS-MODEL

3. Gene Expression Analysis

Gene expression analysis examines the levels at which genes are expressed to understand their function and regulation. This bioinformatics project for students helps them delve into functional genomics.

Step 1: Obtain Expression Data

Resource : GEO

Action : Download gene expression datasets for your study organism or condition.

Step 2: Preprocess Data

Resource : R/Bioconductor

Action : Use R scripts to clean and normalize the data.

Step 3: Choose Analysis Tool

Resource : DESeq2, edgeR

Action : Install the chosen tool in R/Bioconductor.

Step 4: Perform Analysis

Action : Use the tool to conduct differential expression analysis. Input your normalized data and follow the tool’s guidelines.

Step 5: Interpret Results

Action : Examine the list of significantly differentially expressed genes. Use functional annotation tools like DAVID to understand their biological roles.

How to Calculate Standard Deviation in R

4. Phylogenetic Tree Construction

Phylogenetic trees depict the evolutionary relationships among species or genes. Constructing phylogenetic trees is a classic bioinformatics project for students.

Step 1: Select Sequences

Resource : NCBI

Action : Choose sequences for the study, such as 16S rRNA genes from different bacterial species.

Step 2: Multiple Sequence Alignment

Resource : MUSCLE, ClustalW

Action : Align the sequences using MUSCLE or ClustalW.

Step 3: Choose Phylogenetic Tool

Resource : MEGA , PhyML

Action : Install and set up the chosen tool.

Step 4: Construct Tree

Action : Use the aligned sequences to build the phylogenetic tree. Select appropriate models and methods as per the tool’s instructions.

Step 5: Analyze Tree

Action : Interpret the tree to understand the evolutionary relationships. Look for common ancestors and divergence points.

5. Metagenomics Analysis

Metagenomics analyzes genetic material from environmental samples to study microbial communities. This bioinformatics project for students is perfect for exploring environmental microbiology.

Step 1: Collect Samples

Action : Gather environmental samples, such as soil or water.

Step 2: Extract DNA

Resource : DNA extraction kits (e.g., Qiagen DNeasy)

Action : Use the kits to isolate DNA from the samples following the manufacturer’s instructions.

Step 3: Sequence DNA

Resource : Illumina sequencing services

Action : Send the DNA samples to a sequencing facility or use a sequencer if available.

Step 4: Preprocess Data

Resource : FastQC

Action : Clean and assemble the sequencing reads. Use FastQC to check the quality and software like SPAdes for assembly.

Step 5: Analyze Data

Resource : QIIME , MG-RAST

Action : Use QIIME or MG-RAST to analyze microbial diversity and abundance. Upload your data and follow the platform’s instructions for analysis.

6. Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) Analysis

SNP analysis identifies genetic variations and their associations with traits or diseases. This is a vital bioinformatics project for students interested in genetics.

Step 1: Select Dataset

Resource : dbSNP

Action : Obtain SNP data related to your study organism or trait.

Resource : VCFtools

Action : Use VCFtools to filter and format the SNP data.

Resource : PLINK , GATK

Action : Install the chosen tool and set up your working environment.

Action : Use PLINK or GATK to conduct association studies. Input your SNP data and follow the tool’s guidelines to identify SNPs linked to traits.

Action : Analyze the significant SNPs to understand their implications for genetic diversity and disease association.

7. Protein-Protein Interaction Networks

Studying protein-protein interactions (PPIs) helps in understanding cellular functions and identifying potential drug targets. This bioinformatics project for students provides insights into systems biology

Step 1: Select Proteins

Resource : STRING , BioGRID

Action : Choose proteins of interest from databases.

Step 2: Gather Interaction Data

Action : Download PPI data for the selected proteins.

Resource : Cytoscape

Action : Install Cytoscape and relevant plugins.

Step 4: Import Data

Action : Load the PPI data into Cytoscape.

Step 5: Analyze Network

Action : Visualize and analyze the interaction network. Identify key proteins and interaction hubs.

8. Genome Annotation

Genome annotation identifies functional elements within a genome, such as genes, regulatory regions, and non-coding RNAs. This bioinformatics project for students contributes to understanding genomic biology.

Step 1: Obtain Genome Sequence

Resource : Ensembl , NCBI Genome

Action : Download the genome sequence of the organism of interest.

Step 2: Choose Annotation Tool

Resource : MAKER, Augustus

Action : Select and install an annotation tool.

Action : Provide the genome sequence to the tool.

Step 4: Run Annotation

Action : Execute the annotation pipeline. This might involve several steps including repeat masking, gene prediction, and functional annotation.

Step 5: Review Results

Action : Analyze the annotated genome to identify genes and other functional elements.

NCBI Genome

These bioinformatics projects for students provide valuable hands-on experience in analyzing biological data. By following these steps and utilizing the provided resources, students can enhance their understanding of bioinformatics and contribute to advancements in the field.

Tanzeela Arshad

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One comment.

Great. This is a good article for a bioinformatic student.

DNA articles from across Nature Portfolio

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the nucleic acid polymer that forms the genetic code for a cell or virus. Most DNA molecules consist of two polymers (double-stranded) of four nucleotides that each consist of a nucleobase, the carbohydrate deoxyribose and a phosphate group, where the carbohydrate and phosphate make up the backbone of the polymer.

Latest Research and Reviews

Mechanism of BRCA1–BARD1 function in DNA end resection and DNA protection

BRCA1–BARD1 directly promotes double-strand break repair by stimulating long-range DNA end resection pathways.

Ilaria Ceppi
Maria Rosaria Dello Stritto

Human Smc5/6 recognises transcription-generated positive DNA supercoils

The study reveals a novel relationship between the human Smc5/6 complex and DNA topology during transcription and emphasizes the importance of DNA topology sensing in the defense against extrachromosomal genetic threats.

Aurélie Diman
Michel Strubin

PROTAC-mediated conditional degradation of the WRN helicase as a potential strategy for selective killing of cancer cells with microsatellite instability

Vikram Tejwani
Thomas Carroll

Unveiling the solution structure of a DNA duplex with continuous silver-modified Watson-Crick base pairs

The challenge of transforming organized DNA structures into their metallized counterparts persists in the scientific field. Herein, the authors report the solution structure of a silver-metallized DNA duplex containing 7-deazapurines, demonstrating a methodology to create Ag-DNA systems with silver-modified Watson-Crick base pairs that retain their original organization.

Uroš Javornik
Antonio Pérez-Romero
Miguel A. Galindo

Examining the clinical and genetic spectrum of maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) in Iran

Sara Asgarian
Hossein Lanjanian
Maryam S. Daneshpour

MCM2-7 loading-dependent ORC release ensures genome-wide origin licensing

Correct loading of the MCM2-7 helicase is crucial for DNA replication and cell cycle progression. Here, the authors used high-resolution genomics to demonstrate how ORC is displaced from origins, which serves as a mechanism for distributive MCM loading onto DNA.

L. Maximilian Reuter
Sanjay P. Khadayate
Christian Speck

News and Comment

The realization of CRISPR gene therapy

The inaugural CRISPR-based drug Casgevy has been approved by several medical agencies, with other CRISPR-based therapies currently in clinical trials. Although there are technological hurdles to overcome, chemical biology has a vital role in developing recent breakthroughs in base editing, prime editing and epigenetic editing into future treatments.

Forced rewiring of RTK signaling

Reprogramming intercellular mechanotransduction and signaling pathways is still challenging. A recent advance uses a plug-and-play DNA nanodevice to allow non-mechanosensitive receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) to transmit force-induced cellular signals.

Ahsan Ausaf Ali
Mahmoud Amouzadeh Tabrizi

LiMCA: Hi-C gets an RNA twist

A multiomics method measures both the cellular three-dimensional genome and transcriptome at the single-cell level.

Jane Kawaoka
Stavros Lomvardas

Guiding DNA repair at the nuclear periphery

The nuclear envelope participates in the spatial regulation of DNA repair, but the mechanisms behind this are unclear. A study now reports that a nuclear envelope-localized nuclease, NUMEN/ENDOD1, guides the choice of DNA-repair pathway by inhibiting the resection of DNA ends and aberrant recombination, ensuring genome stability.

Sylvain Audibert
Evi Soutoglou

Regional imaging

Smc5/6 caught in the act of loop extrusion.

Katarzyna Ciazynska

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Your Health
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Public Health

'all of us' research project diversifies the storehouse of genetic knowledge.

Rob Stein, photographed for NPR, 22 January 2020, in Washington DC.

Results from a DNA sequencer used in the Human Genome Project. National Human Genome Research Institute hide caption

Results from a DNA sequencer used in the Human Genome Project.

A big federal research project aimed at reducing racial disparities in genetic research has unveiled the program's first major trove of results.

"This is a huge deal," says Dr. Joshua Denny , who runs the All of Us program at the National Institutes of Health. "The sheer quantify of genetic data in a really diverse population for the first time creates a powerful foundation for researchers to make discoveries that will be relevant to everyone."

The goal of the $3.1 billion program is to solve a long-standing problem in genetic research: Most of the people who donate their DNA to help find better genetic tests and precision drugs are white.

"Most research has not been representative of our country or the world," Denny says. "Most research has focused on people of European genetic ancestry or would be self-identified as white. And that means there's a real inequity in past research."

For example, researchers "don't understand how drugs work well in certain populations. We don't understand the causes of disease for many people," Denny says. "Our project is to really correct some of those past inequities so we can really understand how we can improve health for everyone."

But the project has also stirred up debate about whether the program is perpetuating misconceptions about the importance of genetics in health and the validity of race as a biological category.

New genetic variations discovered

Ultimately, the project aims to collect detailed health information from more than 1 million people in the U.S., including samples of their DNA.

In a series of papers published in February in the journals Nature , Nature Medicine , and Communications Biology , the program released the genetic sequences from 245,000 volunteers and some analysis of those data.

"What's really exciting about this is that nearly half of those participants are of diverse race or ethnicity," Denny says, adding that researchers found a wealth of genetic diversity.

"We found more than a billion genetic points of variation in those genomes; 275 million variants that we found have never been seen before," Denny says.

"Most of that variation won't have an impact on health. But some of it will. And we will have the power to start uncovering those differences about health that will be relevant really maybe for the first time to all populations," he says, including new genetic variations that play a role in the risk for diabetes .

Shots - Health News

Researchers gather health data for 'all of us'.

But one concern is that this kind of research may contribute to a misleading idea that genetics is a major factor — maybe even the most important factor — in health, critics say.

"Any effort to combat inequality and health disparities in society, I think, is a good one," says James Tabery , a bioethicist at the University of Utah. "But when we're talking about health disparities — whether it's black babies at two or more times the risk of infant mortality than white babies, or sky-high rates of diabetes in indigenous communities, higher rates of asthma in Hispanic communities — we know where the causes of those problem are. And those are in our environment, not in our genomes."

Race is a social construct, not a genetic one

Some also worry that instead of helping alleviate racial and ethnic disparities, the project could backfire — by inadvertently reinforcing the false idea that racial differences are based on genetics. In fact, race is a social category, not a biological one.

"If you put forward the idea that different racial groups need their own genetics projects in order to understand their biology you've basically accepted one of the tenants of scientific racism — that races are sufficiently genetically distinct from each other as to be distinct biological entities," says Michael Eisen , a professor of molecular and cell biology at the University of California, Berkeley. "The project itself is, I think, unintentionally but nonetheless really bolstering one of the false tenants of scientific racism."

While Nathaniel Comfort, a medical historian at Johns Hopkins, supports the All of Us program, he also worries it could give misconceptions about genetic differences between races "the cultural authority of science."

Denny disputes those criticisms. He notes the program is collecting detailed non-genetic data too.

"It really is about lifestyle, the environment, and behaviors, as well as genetics," Denny says. "It's about ZIP code and genetic code — and all the factors that go in between."

And while genes don't explain all health problems, genetic variations associated with a person's race can play an important role worth exploring equally, he says.

"Having diverse population is really important because genetic variations do differ by population," Denny says. "If we don't look at everyone, we won't understand how to treat well any individual in front of us."

genetic research
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119 Genetics Research Topics You Must Know About

Put simply, Genetics is the study of genes and hereditary traits in living organisms. Knowledge in this field has gone up over time, and this is proportional to the amount of research.

Right from the DNA structure discovery, a lot more has come out into the open. There are so many genetics research topics to choose from because of the wide scope of research done in recent years.

Genetics is so dear to us since it helps us understand our genes and hereditary traits. In this guide, you will get to understand this subject more and get several topic suggestions that you can consider when looking for interesting genetics topics.

Writing a paper on genetics is quite intriguing nowadays. Remember that because there are so many topics in genetics, choosing the right one is crucial. It will help you cut down on research time and the technicality of selecting content for the topic. Thus, it would matter a lot if you confirmed whether or not the topic you’re choosing has relevant sources in plenty.

What Is Genetics?

Before we even go deeper into genetics topics for research papers, it is essential to have a basic understanding of what the subject entails.

Genetics is a branch of Biology to start with. It is mainly focused on the study of genetic variation, hereditary traits, and genes.

Genetics has relations with several other subjects, including biotechnology, medicine, and agriculture. In Genetics, we study how genes act on the cell and how they’re transmitted from a parent to the offspring. In modern Genetics, the emphasis is more on DNA, which is the chemical substance found in genes. Remember that Genetics cut across animals, insects, and plants – basically any living organism there is.

Tips On How To Write A Decent Research Paper On Genetics

When planning to choose genetics topics, you should also make time and learn how to research. After all, this is the only way you can gather the information that will help you come up with the content for the paper. Here are some tips that can bail you out whenever you feel stuck:

Choosing the topic, nonetheless, is not an easy thing for many students. There are just so many options present, and often, you get spoilt for choice. But note that this is an integral stage/process that you have to complete. Do proper research on the topic and choose the kind of information that you’d like to apply.

Choose a topic that has enough sources academically. Also, choosing interesting topics in genetics is a flex that can help you during the writing process.

On the web, there’s a myriad of information that often can become deceiving. Amateurs try their luck to put together several pieces of information in a bid to try and convince you that they are the authority on the subject. Many students become gullible to such tricks and end up writing poorly in Genetics.

Resist the temptation to look for an easy way of gaining sources/information. You have to take your time and dig up information from credible resources. Otherwise, you’ll look like a clown in front of your professor with laughable Genetics content.

Also, it is quite important that you check when your sources were updated or published. It is preferred and advised that you use recent sources that have gone under satisfactory research and assessment.

Also, add a few words to each on what you’re planning to discuss.Now, here are some of the top genetics paper topics that can provide ideas on what to write about.

Good Ideas For Genetics Topics

Here are some brilliant ideas that you can use as research paper topics in the Genetics field:

Is the knowledge of Genetics ahead of replication and research?
What would superman’s genetics be like?
DNA molecules and 3D printing – How does it work?
How come people living in mountainous regions can withstand high altitudes?
How to cross genes in distinct animals.
Does gene-crossing really help to improve breeds or animals?
The human body’s biggest intriguing genetic contradictions
Are we still far away from achieving clones?
How close are we to fully cloning human beings?
Can genetics really help scientists to secure various treatments?
Gene’s regulation – more details on how they can be regulated.
Genetic engineering and its functioning.
What are some of the most fascinating facts in the field of Genetics?
Can you decipher genetic code?
Cancer vaccines and whether or not they really work.
Revealing the genetic pathways that control how proteins are made in a bacterial cell.
How food affects the human body’s response to and connection with certain plants’ and animals’ DNA.

Hot Topics In Genetics

In this list are some of the topics that raise a lot of attention and interest from the masses. Choose the one that you’d be interested in:

The question of death: Why do men die before women?
Has human DNA changed since the evolution process?
How much can DNA really change?
How much percentage of genes from the father goes to the child?
Does the mother have a higher percentage of genes transferred to the child?
Is every person unique in terms of their genes?
How does genetics make some of us alike?
Is there a relationship between diets and genetics?
Does human DNA resemble any other animal’s DNA?
Sleep and how long you will live on earth: Are they really related?
Does genetics or a healthy lifestyle dictate how long you’ll live?
Is genetics the secret to long life on earth?
How much does genetics affect your life’s quality?
The question on ageing: Does genetics have a role to play?
Can one push away certain diseases just by passing a genetic test?
Is mental illness continuous through genes?
The relationship between Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s and the DNA.

Molecular Genetics Topics

Here is a list of topics to help you get a better understanding of Molecular genetics:

Mutation of genes and constancy.
What can we learn more about viruses, bacteria, and multicellular organisms?
A study on molecular genetics: What does it involve?
The changing of genetics in bacteria.
What is the elucidation of the chemical nature of a gene?
Prokaryotes genetics: Why does this take a centre stage in the genetics of microorganisms?
Cell study: How this complex assessment has progressed.
What tools can scientists wield in cell study?
A look into the DNA of viruses.
What can the COVID-19 virus help us to understand about genetics?
Examining molecular genetics through chemical properties.
Examining molecular genetics through physical properties.
Is there a way you can store genetic information?
Is there any distinction between molecular levels and subcellular levels?
Variability and inheritance: What you need to note about living things at the molecular level.
The research and study on molecular genetics: Key takeaways.
What scientists can do within the confines of molecular genetics?
Molecular genetics research and experiments: What you need to know.
What is molecular genetics, and how can you learn about it?

Human Genetics Research Topics

Human genetics is an interesting field that has in-depth content. Some topics here will jog your brain and invoke curiosity in you. However, if you have difficulty writing a scientific thesis , you can always contact us for help.

Can you extend your life by up to 100% just by gaining more understanding of the structure of DNA?
What programming can you do with the help of DNA?
Production of neurotransmitters and hormones through DNA.
Is there something that you can change in the human body?
What is already predetermined in the human body?
Do genes capture and secure information on someone’s mentality?
Vaccines and their effect on the DNA.
What’s the likelihood that a majority of people on earth have similar DNA?
Breaking of the myostatin gene: What impact does it have on the human body?
Is obesity passed genetically?
What are the odds of someone being overweight when the rest of his lineage is obese?
A better understanding of the relationship between genetics and human metabolism.
The truths and myths engulfing human metabolism and genetics.
Genetic tests on sports performance: What you need to know.
An insight on human genetics.
Is there any way that you can prevent diseases that are transmitted genetically?
What are some of the diseases that can be passed from one generation to the next through genetics?
Genetic tests conducted on a person’s country of origin: Are they really accurate?
Is it possible to confirm someone’s country of origin just by analyzing their genes?

Current Topics in Genetics

A list to help you choose from all the most relevant topics:

DNA-altering experiments: How are scientists conducting them?
How important is it to educate kids about genetics while they’re still in early learning institutions?
A look into the genetics of men and women: What are the variations?
Successes and failures in the study of genetics so far.
What does the future of genetics compare to the current state?
Are there any TV series or science fiction films that showcase the future of genetics?
Some of the most famous myths today are about genetics.
Is there a relationship between genetics and homosexuality?
Does intelligence pass through generations?
What impact does genetics hold on human intelligence?
Do saliva and hair contain any genetic data?
What impact does genetics have on criminality?
Is it possible that most criminals inherit the trait through genetics?
Drug addiction and alcohol use: How close can you relate it to genetics?
DNA changes in animals, humans, and plants: What is the trigger?
Can you extend life through medication?
Are there any available remedies that extend a person’s life genetically?
Who can study genetics?
Is genetics only relevant to scientists?
The current approach to genetics study: How has it changed since ancient times?

Controversial Genetics Topics

Last, but definitely not least, are some controversial topics in genetics. These are topics that have gone through debate and have faced criticism all around. Here are some you can write a research paper about:

Gene therapy: Some of the ethical issues surrounding it.
The genetic engineering of animals: What questions have people raised about it?
The controversy around epigenetics.
The human evolution process and how it relates to genetics.
Gene editing and the numerous controversies around it.
The question on same-sex relations and genetics.
The use of personal genetic information in tackling forensic cases.
Gene doping in sports: What you need to know.
Gene patenting: Is it even possible?
Should gene testing be compulsory?
Genetic-based therapies and the cloud of controversy around them.
The dangers and opportunities that lie in genetic engineering.
GMOs and their impact on the health and welfare of humans.
At what stage in the control of human genetics do we stop to be human?
Food science and GMO.
The fight against GMOs: Why is it such a hot topic?
The pros and cons of genetic testing.
The debates around eugenics and genetics.
Labelling of foods with GMO: Should it be mandatory?
What really are the concerns around the use of GMOs?
The Supreme Court decision on the patent placed on gene discoveries.
The ethical issues surrounding nurses and genomic healthcare.
Cloning controversial issues.
Religion and genetics.
Behavior learning theories are pegged on genetics.
Countries’ war on GMOs.
Studies on genetic disorders.

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The Genetics Department offers the choice of “wet” or “dry” projects, which are undertaken in the Lent Term.

Examples of project titles from previous years

The role of CTCF in imprinted domains.
Imprinted gene products in lactation and postnatal resource control.
Maintenance and establishment of DNA methylation at variably methylated regions in early embryos.
A combined phylogenetic and epigenetic approach to understand domestication of transposable elements in the human genome.
Control of terminal differentiation in the Drosophila germline.
Exploring the role of mechanical signals in the specification of the gastrula organizer.
Connectomics approach to study the role of an unusual pair of neurons in Drosophila learning circuitry.
Quantitative patterning roles of Prd and Ftz in the Drosophila pair-rule gene network.
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the axon degeneration disease, hereditary spastic paraplegia.
Solving the mystery of microtubule organisation in epithelial cell.
Mechanisms at the interface between cell polarity and the cell cycle.
TOPBP1 in mitosis.
Molecular dynamics simulations of protein binding to supercoiled DNA.
Estimation of mutation rates in Malawi cichlids and small ermine moths.
Characterising respiratory adenovirus diversity with a novel Nanopore sequencing method.
The genetic basis of virus resistance in Drosophila.
Dengue virus evolution.
Inferring stem cell dynamics from the shape of a single-cell genealogy.
The long-term consequences of hybridization, or When can we fix heterosis?
Biofilm Formation in E. coli: Investigating the Tryptophanase-Related Mechanisms.
Activity of urinary extracellular vesicles against E. coli biofilms.
Understanding the evolution of flower patterning using transcriptomic approaches.
Role of flavonols during petal development.

Examples of BBS dissertation titles from previous years

Past topics have included:

Can we assign a function to 80% of the DNA in the human genome?
The biology of CRISPR/CAS systems and their uses in eukaryotic genome engineering.
How can genomic data be used to understand cancer evolution and to assist with cancer therapy?
How does a cell make a decision to divide – or stop dividing?
How have bdelloid rotifers avoided sex for so long?
Discuss the concepts presented in C H Waddington’s 1942 paper in Nature ‘Canalisation of development and the inheritance of acquired characteristics’.
Transgenerational epigenetic inheritance in mammals - fact or fiction?
Many human cancers are aneuploid. Yet aneuploidy has detrimental effects on human development and has been shown to reduce cellular fitness : Consider this conundrum.
Why do endosymbiotic bacteria have small genomes?
Cell and gene therapy – the future of human monogenic disorders.
Have regulatory changes been more important for the evolution and divergence of species than changes in protein coding sequence?
Discuss recent developments in the mechanistic understanding of cell size control.
Transposable elements and their impact on human health - new opportunities in the era of large scale human genome sequencing.
Can the bacterial endosymbiont Wolbachia eliminate vector-borne disease?
Safeguarding genome integrity: DNA damage and repair in heterochromatic domains of eukaryotic genomes.
Genetic Mechanisms of pattern formation on the surface of plants and animals.
What can single cell 'omics approaches really tell us about biology?
Understanding the ability for chikungunya virus to persist endemically in populations .
How important was the impact of archaic admixture on the human genome?
How are important are mutations of large effect for adaptation by natural selection?
What has experimental evolution taught us about how new species arise?

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FOCUSED RESEARCH TOPICS

Twin and family studies

Measured genetic variants

Quasi-experimental designs

Genetic influences on behaviour

Nature of environmental influence

Nature of genetic influence

Psychiatric genetics

Karyotyping

Banding technique

Comparative genome hybridization

FISH (fluorescent in situ hybridization)

Molecular basis

DNA damage

Techniques used to study epigenetics

ChIP-on-chip and ChIP-Seq)

Fluorescent in situ hybridization

Methylation-sensitive restriction enzymes

DNA adenine methyltransferase identification (DamID)

Bisulfite sequencing

Mechanisms

Covalent modifications

RNA transcripts

MicroRNAs

mRNA

sRNAs

Prions

Structural inheritance

Nucleosome positioning

Functions and consequences

Development

Transgenerational

Epigenetics and epigenetic drugs

Neurodegenerative diseases of motor neurons

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)

Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA)

Neurodegenerative Diseases of the Central Nervous System

Alzheimer's Disease (AD)

Huntington's Disease (HD)

Parkinson's Disease (PD)

Molecular basis for inheritance

DNA and chromosomes

Reproduction

Recombination and genetic linkage

Gene expression

Genetic code

Gene regulation

Genetic change

Mutations

Natural selection and evolution

Medicine

Research methods

DNA sequencing and genomics

Genetic testing:

Cell-free fetal DNA

Newborn screening

Diagnostic testing

Carrier testing:

Preimplantation genetic diagnosis

Prenatal diagnosis

Predictive and presymptomatic testing

Pharmacogenomics

Non-diagnostic testing:

Forensic testing

Paternity testing

Genealogical DNA test

Research testing

Genome analysis

Sequencing

Shotgun sequencing

High-throughput sequencing

Assembly

Assembly approaches

Finishing

Annotation

Sequencing pipelines and databases

Functional genomics

Structural genomics

Epigenomics

Metagenomics

Pharmacogenomics

Drug-metabolizing enzymes

Predictive prescribing

Polypharmacy

Drug labeling

Mitochondrial genes

Replication, repair, transcription and translation

Mitochondrial disease

Types of genetic disorder:

Single-gene

Autosomal dominant

Autosomal recessive

X-linked dominant

X-linked recessive

Y-linked

Mitochondrial

Causes of genetic disorder

Diagnosis

Treatment / gene therapy

List of genetic disorder:

1p36 deletion syndrome

18p deletion syndrome

21-hydroxylase deficiency

Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency

AAA syndrome (achalasia-addisonianism-alacrima)

Aarskog– Scott syndrome

ABCD syndrome

Aceruloplasminemia

Acheiropodia

Achondrogenesis type II

Achondroplasia

Acute intermittent porphyria

Adenylosuccinate lyase deficiency

Adrenoleukodystrophy

Alagille syndrome

Adult syndrome

Albinism

Alexander disease

Alkaptonuria

Alport syndrome

Alternating hemiplegia of childhood

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Alström syndrome

Alzheimer's disease

Amelogenesis imperfecta

Aminolevulinic acid dehydratase deficiency porphyria

Androgen insensitivity syndrome

Angelman syndrome

Apert Syndrome

Arthrogryposis–renal dysfunction–cholestasis syndrome

Ataxia telangiectasia

Axenfeld syndrome

Beare-Stevenson cutis gyrata syndrome

Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome

Benjamin syndrome

Biotinidase deficiency

Björnstad syndrome

Bloom syndrome

Birt–Hogg–Dubé syndrome

Brody myopathy

Cadasil syndrome

Carasil syndrome

Chronic granulomatous disorder

Campomelic dysplasia

Canavan disease

Carpenter Syndrome

Cerebral dysgenesis–neuropathy–ichthyosis–keratoderma syndrome (SEDNIK)

Cystic fibrosis

Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease

CHARGE syndrome

Chédiak–Higashi syndrome

Cleidocranial dysostosis

Cockayne syndrome

Coffin–Lowry syndrome

Cohen syndrome

Collagenopathy, types II and XI

Congenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis (CIPA)

Cowden syndrome

CPO deficiency (coproporphyria)

Cranio–lenticulo–sutural dysplasia

Cri du chat

Crohn's disease

Crouzon syndrome

Crouzonodermoskeletal syndrome (Crouzon syndrome with acanthosis nigricans)

Darier's disease

Dent's disease (Genetic hypercalciuria)

Denys–Drash syndrome

De Grouchy syndrome

Di George's syndrome

Distal hereditary motor neuropathies, multiple types

Ehlers–Danlos syndrome

Emery–Dreifuss syndrome

Erythropoietic protoporphyria

Fanconi anemia (FA)

Fabry disease

Factor V Leiden thrombophilia

Familial adenomatous polyposis

Familial dysautonomia

Feingold syndrome

FG syndrome

Friedreich's ataxia

G6PD deficiency

Galactosemia

Gaucher disease

Gillespie syndrome

Griscelli syndrome

Hailey-Hailey disease

Harlequin type ichthyosis

Hemochromatosis, hereditary

Hemophilia

Hepatoerythropoietic porphyria UROD

Hereditary coproporphyria

Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (Osler–Weber–Rendu syndrome)

Hereditary Inclusion Body Myopathy

Hereditary multiple exostoses

Hereditary spastic paraplegia (infantile-onset ascending hereditary spastic paralysis)

Hermansky–Pudlak syndrome

Hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies (HNPP)

Homocystinuria

Huntington's disease

Hunter syndrome

Hurler syndrome

Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome

Hyperoxaluria, primary

Hyperphenylalaninemia

Hypoalphalipoproteinemia (Tangier disease)

Hypochondrogenesis

Hypochondroplasia

Immunodeficiency, centromere instability and facial anomalies syndrome (ICF syndrome)

Incontinentia pigmenti

Isodicentric 15

Jackson– Weiss syndrome

Joubert syndrome

Juvenile Primary Lateral Sclerosis (JPLS)

Keloid disorder

Kniest dysplasia

Kosaki overgrowth syndrome

Krabbe disease

Kufor–Rakeb syndrome

LCAT deficiency

Lesch-Nyhan syndrome)

Li-Fraumeni syndrome

Lynch Syndrome

Lipoprotein lipase deficiency, familial

Marfan syndrome

Maroteaux–Lamy syndrome

McCune–Albright syndrome

McLeod syndrome

MEDNIK syndrome

Mediterranean fever, familial

Menkes disease

Methemoglobinemia

methylmalonic acidemia

Micro syndrome

Microcephaly

Morquio syndrome

Mowat-Wilson syndrome

Muenke syndrome

Multiple endocrine neoplasia (type 1 and type 2)

Muscular dystrophy

Muscular dystrophy, Duchenne and Becker type

Myostatin-related muscle hypertrophy

myotonic dystrophy

Natowicz syndrome

Neurofibromatosis type I

Neurofibromatosis type II

Niemann–Pick disease

Nonketotic hyperglycinemia

nonsyndromic deafness

Noonan syndrome

Ogden syndrome

osteogenesis imperfecta

Pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration

Patau Syndrome (Trisomy 13)

PCC deficiency (propionic acidemia)

Porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT)

Pendred syndrome

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome

Pfeiffer syndrome

phenylketonuria

Pitt–Hopkins syndrome

Polycystic kidney disease

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)

porphyria

Prader-Willi syndrome

Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD)

primary pulmonary hypertension

protein C deficiency

protein S deficiency

Pseudo-Gaucher disease

Pseudoxanthoma elasticum

Retinitis pigmentosa

Rett syndrome

Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RSTS)

Sandhoff disease

Sanfilippo syndrome

Schwartz–Jampel syndrome

spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia congenita (SED)

Shprintzen–Goldberg syndrome FBN1

sickle cell anemia

Siderius X-linked mental retardation syndrome

Sideroblastic anemia

Sly syndrome

Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome

Smith Magenis Syndrome

Spinal muscular atrophy

Spinocerebellar ataxia (types 1-29)

SSB syndrome (SADDAN)

Stargardt disease (macular degeneration)

Stickler syndrome

Strudwick syndrome (spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia, Strudwick type)

Tay-Sachs disease

tetrahydrobiopterin deficiency

thanatophoric dysplasia

Treacher Collins syndrome

Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC)

Turner syndrome

Usher syndrome

Variegate porphyria

von Hippel-Lindau disease

Waardenburg syndrome

Weissenbacher-Zweymüller syndrome

Williams Syndrome

Wilson disease

Woodhouse–Sakati syndrome

Wolf–Hirschhorn syndrome

Xeroderma pigmentosum

X-linked mental retardation and macroorchidism (fragile X syndrome)

X-linked spinal-bulbar muscle atrophy (spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy)

Xp11.22 deletion

X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency (X-SCID)

X-linked sideroblastic anemia (XLSA)

47,XXX (triple X syndrome)

XXXX syndrome (48, XXXX)

XXXXX syndrome (49, XXXXX)

XYY syndrome (47,XYY)

Modern synthesis

Four processes

Selection

Dominance

Epistasis

Mutation

Genetic drift

Gene flow

Horizontal gene transfer

Linkage

Applications

Explaining levels of genetic variation

Detecting selection

Demographic inference

Evolution of genetic systems

Quantitative genetics

Genetic epidemiology

Statistical genetics

Research Topics

The Center for Genetic Medicine’s faculty members represent 33 departments or programs across three Northwestern University schools and three Feinberg-affiliated healthcare institutions. Faculty use genetics and molecular genetic approaches to understand biological processes for a diverse range of practical and clinical applications.

Select a topic below to learn more and see a list of faculty associated with that type of research. For a full list of Center for Genetic Medicine members, visit our Members section .

Animal Models of Human Disease

Using genetic approaches with model organisms to investigate cellular and physiological processes can lead to improved approaches for detection, prevention and treatment of human diseases.

VIEW MEMBERS

Bioinformatics & Statistics

Bioinformatics, a discipline that unites biology, computer science, statistical methods, and information technology, helps researchers understand how genes or parts of genes relate to other genes, and how genes interact to form networks. These studies provide insight to normal cellular functions and how these functions are disturbed by disease. Statistics is central to genetic approaches, providing quantitative support for biological observations, and statistical genetics is heavily used by laboratories performing gene and trait mapping, sequencing and genotyping, epidemiology, population genetics and risk analysis.

Cancer Genetics and Genomics

Cancer begins with genetic changes, or mutations, that disrupt normal regulation of cell proliferation, survival and death. Inherited genetic changes contribute to the most common cancers, like breast and colon cancer, and genetic testing can help identify risks for disease. Tumors also develop additional genetic changes, or somatic mutations, that promote cancer growth and tumor metastases. These genetic changes can be readily defined through DNA and RNA sequencing. Genetic changes within a tumor can be used to develop and guide treatment options.

Cardiovascular Genetics

Cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of death in the US, and the risk of cardiovascular disease is highly dependent inherited genetic changes. The most common forms of heart disease including heart failure, arrhythmias, and vascular disease are under heritable genetic changes. We work to identify and understand the functions of genes that affect the risk of developing cardiovascular disease, as well as to understand the function of genes involved in the normal and pathological development of the heart.

Clinical and Therapeutics

Using genetic data identifies pathways for developing new therapies and applying existing therapies. DNA sequencing and epigenetic profiling of tumors helps define the precise defects responsible for cancer progression. We use genetic signals to validate pathways for therapy development. We are using gene editing methods to correct genetic defects. These novel strategies are used to treat patients at Northwestern Memorial Hospital and the Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago.

Development

The genomic blueprint of a single fertilized egg directs the formation of the entire organism. To understand the cellular processes that allow cells to create organs and whole animals from this blueprint, we use genetic approaches to investigate the development of model organisms and humans. Induced pluripotent stem cells can be readily generated from skin, blood or urine cells and used to mirror human developmental processes. These studies help us define how genes coordinate normal human development and the changes that occur in diseases, with the goal of improving detection, prevention and treatment of human disease.

Epigenetics/Chromatin Structure/Gene Expression

Abnormal gene expression underlies many diseases, including cancer and cardiovascular diseases. We investigate how gene expression is regulated by chromatin structure and other regulators to understand abnormal gene expression in disease, and to learn how to manipulate gene expression for therapeutic purposes.

Gene Editing/Gene Therapy

Gene editing tools like CRISPR/Cas can be used to directly alter the DNA code. This tool is being used to generate cell and animal models of human diseases and disease processes. Gene therapy is being used to treat human disease conditions.

Genetic Counseling

As part of training in genetic counseling, each student completes a thesis project. These projects examine all aspects of genetic counseling ranging from family-based studies to mechanisms of genetic action. With the expansion of genetic testing, genetic counselors are now conducting research on outcomes, cost effectiveness, and quality improvement.

Genetic Determinants of Cellular Biology

Genetic mutations ultimately change the functionality of the cells in which they are found. Mutations in genes encoding nuclear, cytoplasmic and extracellular matrix protein lead to many different human diseases, ranging from neurological and developmental disorders to cancer and heart disease. Using induced pluripotent stem cell and gene-editing technologies, it is now possible to generate and study nearly every human genetic disorder. Having cellular models of disease is necessary to develop new treatments.

Immunology

Many immunological diseases, such as Rheumatoid arthritis, Lupus, scleroderma, and others have a genetic basis. We work to understand how genetic changes and misregulation contribute to immunological diseases, and use genetic approaches to investigate how the immune system functions.

Infectious Disease/Microbiome

The susceptibility and/or pathological consequences of many infectious diseases have a genetic basis. We investigate how human genes interact with infectious diseases, and use genetic approaches to determine the interactions between pathogens and the host. Genetic tools, including deep sequencing, are most commonly used to define the microbiome as it undergoes adaptation and maladaptation to its host environment.

Neuroscience

We work to understand how genes contribute to neurological diseases, and use genetic approaches to investigate how the nervous system functions. Epilepsy, movement disorders, and dementia are heritable and under genetic influence. Neuromuscular diseases including muscular dystrophies and myopathies arise from primary mutations and research in genetic correction is moving into human trials and drug approvals.

Population Genetics/Epidemiology

Genetic data is increasingly available from large human populations and is advancing the population-level understanding of genetic risk. Northwestern participates in All-Of-US, which aims to build a cohort of one million citizens to expand genetic knowledge of human diseases. Race and ancestry have genetic determinants and genetic polymorphisms can help mark disease risks better than other markers of race/ancestry. We use epidemiology and population genetics to investigate the genetic basis of disease, and to assess how genetic diseases affect subgroups within broader populations.

Reproduction

Research is examining how germ cells are specified. We study the broad range of biology required to transmit genetic information from one generation to another, and how to facilitate the process of reproduction when difficulties arise or to avoid passing on mutant genes.

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September 10, 2024

This article has been reviewed according to Science X's editorial process and policies . Editors have highlighted the following attributes while ensuring the content's credibility:

fact-checked

peer-reviewed publication

trusted source

Researchers bend DNA strands with light, revealing a new way to study the genome

by Wright Seneres, Princeton University

With the flick of a light, researchers have found a way to rearrange life's basic tapestry, bending DNA strands back on themselves to reveal the material nature of the genome.

Scientists have long debated about the physics of chromosomes—structures at the deepest interior of a cell that are made of long DNA strands tightly coiled around millions of proteins. Do they behave more like a liquid, a solid, or something in between?

Much progress in understanding and treating disease depends on the answer.

A Princeton team has now developed a way to probe chromosomes and quantify their mechanical properties : how much force is required to move parts of it around and how well it snaps back to its original position.

The answer to the material question, according to their findings, is that in some ways the chromosome acts like an elastic material and in other ways it acts like a fluid. By leveraging that insight in exacting detail, the team was able to physically manipulate DNA in new and precisely controlled ways.

They published their findings in the journal Cell on August 20.

"What's happening here is truly incredible," said Cliff Brangwynne, the June K. Wu '92 Professor of Chemical and Biological Engineering, director of Princeton's Omenn-Darling Bioengineering Institute and principal investigator of the study. "Basically we've turned droplets into little fingers that pluck on the genomic strings within living cells."

The key to the new method lies in the researchers' ability to generate tiny liquid-like droplets within a cell's nucleus. The droplets form like oil in water and grow larger when exposed to a specific wavelength of blue light.

Because the droplets are initiated at a programmable protein—a modified version of the protein used in the gene editing tool known as CRISPR—they can also attach the droplet to DNA in precise locations, targeting genes of interest.

With their ability to control this process using light, the team found a way to grow two droplets stuck to different sequences, merge the two droplets together, and finally shrink the resulting droplet, pulling the genes together as the droplet recedes. The entire process takes about 10 minutes.

Established theory predicts this could lead to greater control over gene expression or gene regulation—life's most fundamental processes.

The material science of our genome

If uncoiled and stretched end-to-end, all of a person's chromosomes would measure about six-and-a-half feet long. Human cells must fit 23 pairs of these chromosomes, collectively called the genome, into each cell's nucleus. Hence the need for tight coiling.

Since DNA is both a carrier of information and a physical molecule, the cell needs to unfurl the tightly coiled parts of the DNA to copy its information and make proteins. The areas along the genome that are more likely to be expressed are less rigid physically and easier to open up. The areas that are silenced are physically more coiled and compact and therefore harder for the cell to open up and read. Like an instruction manual that opens more easily to some pages than others.

The research team, including postdoctoral scholar Amy R. Strom and recently graduated Ph.D. student Yoonji Kim, turned to blobs of liquid known as condensates to do the work of bending the DNA strands and moving them around.

While some cellular components known to science are like soap bubbles, with a distinct membrane keeping the insides separated from the outside, condensates are liquid-like droplets that fuse together more like raindrops, with no membrane holding them together. After forming and carrying out a cellular function, they can break apart and disperse again.

In this new work, they utilized an additional component that attaches the condensate to specific locations on the DNA strands and directs their movement quickly and precisely via surface tension-mediated forces also known as capillary forces, which Princeton researchers had suggested could be ubiquitous in living cells.

Previously, moving DNA like this relied on random interactions over a period of hours or even days.

"We haven't been able to have this precise control over nuclear organization on such quick timescales before," said Brangwynne.

Like CRISPR but different

Now that they can move the strands around in this controlled way, they can start to look at whether the genes in their new positions are expressed differently. This is potentially important for furthering our understanding of the physical mechanisms and material science of gene expression.

Strom said that scientists have looked at the stiffness of the nucleus by poking at it from the outside, and taking a measurement of the whole nucleus. Scientists can also look at one gene and see if it is turned on or off. But the space in between is not well understood.

"We can use this technology to build a map of what's going on in there and better understand when things are disorganized like in cancer," said Strom.

This new tool is poised to help researchers understand gene expression better, but it is not intended to edit the DNA. "Our tool does not actually cleave the DNA sequences like CRISPR does," said Kim.

"CRISPR is really good for diseases that are related to the need to cut and actually change the DNA sequence," said Strom. This technology could work for a different class of diseases, especially those related to protein imbalances such as cancer.

"If we can control the amount of expression by repositioning the gene," said Strom, "there is a potential future for something like our tool."

Journal information: Cell

Provided by Princeton University

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Beyond DNA: How scientists are learning to control gene function

NSF Emerging Frontiers in Research and Innovation program funds advancements in tissue regeneration, gene therapy, DNA mobility and epigenetic editing

Nearly every cell in your body contains the exact same DNA, from your skin cells to your brain cells. But how does a cell know how and when to turn into skin, muscle or brain?

Imagine that the DNA in cells is a long, twisted ladder made of billions of tiny building blocks. This DNA ladder carries all the instructions that tell your body how to grow, function and repair itself. When stretched out, the ladder in each human cell is 2 meters long, and it is difficult to imagine how it fits inside. Chromatin is how life solves this problem. Think of chromatin as a way of organizing DNA to fit within the nucleus (the control center of a cell). Chromatin is made of DNA wrapped around special proteins called histones to form a structure that looks like beads on a string, which is then looped and tightly compacted into chromosomes. This way DNA can be packed into a small space and unpacked whenever the cell needs access to genetic information.

DNA contains both coding and non-coding sequences. Proteins, which are essential cellular building blocks and mediators, are built using instructions contained in specific segments of coding DNA known as genes. Non-coding DNA plays a crucial supporting role by controlling when and how these genes are turned on or off for expression into proteins. Many non-coding regions enable chromatin interactions that regulate its structure and dynamics. For cells to become distinct tissues, many genes must be turned on and off across different DNA regions and over time. Chromatin organization can control this process — tightly packed chromatin restricts access to genes, keeping them off, whereas loosely packed chromatin allows genes to be turned on and expressed. Chromatin organization is influenced by chemical modifications of DNA and histone proteins, which thereby affect gene expression.

Thus, chromatin not only solves the problem of fitting DNA into a cell, it also provides a mechanism for regulating how the information in DNA is used.

Even though people inherit a fixed set of genes, their expression can be influenced by many factors throughout their lives, including environmental factors such as diet, stress and exposure to pollution. This phenomenon, called epigenetics, controls the identity and function of cells, in addition to the genetic sequence in DNA. To fully understand and potentially manipulate a cell's destiny, researchers must understand both its genetics and epigenetics.

EFMA and EFRI

Every two years, the Office of Emerging Frontiers and Multidisciplinary Activities (EFMA) in the Directorate for Engineering at the U.S. National Science Foundation identifies out-of-the-box research topics for the NSF Emerging Frontiers in Research and Innovation (EFRI) program. Under four-year grants, interdisciplinary teams work on transformative, high-risk, high-reward projects and to tackle the biggest challenges facing the nation.

In 2018 and 2019, EFRI focused on chromatin and epigenetic engineering to find new ways to control how genes are turned on and off. Through deeper knowledge and novel tools, researchers can engineer gene expression for many applications, including combatting disease, boosting crop plant performance or developing organisms that can remediate environmental damage.

Turning cancer cells off

Vadim Backman focuses on understanding and controlling chromatin organization. His team developed a high-resolution genome imaging platform to visualize chromatin in 3D, enabling more accurate predictions for genome engineering outcomes.

Backman’s interdisciplinary team combines genome biology with physics to model genome functions. They classify cellular features, like DNA structure and accessibility to predict the likelihood of gene activity from chromatin edits. This precise manipulation has applications in cancer treatment, organ regeneration, injury prevention, and reversing aging.

The team is developing drugs and interventions targeting cells affected by cancer or oxygen loss from strokes or heart attacks. For example, they developed an electromagnetic simulation technique that alters chromatin and gene expression, enabling heart cells to quickly repair damaged tissue.

Revealing how DNA gets rearranged inside the cell

Megan King 's goal was to understand the relationship between chromatin structure and its functions and to engineer a device to measure changes in chromatin mobility.

King and her team discovered that a special protein complex called INO80 is an important driver of chromatin movements inside the nucleus and are engineering a device to watch chromatin interactions happening in real time inside living cells. Previous methods analyzed millions of cells in aggregate at a single time. The new device can look at what is happening in a single cell over many time points. This is crucial for understanding the complexity of tissues of many different cell types, like the brain or immune system.

Folding genetic information

Carlos Castro has made important advances with his team in delivering DNA into cells using nanostructures . Using principles from origami paper folding to create intricate designs, researchers can package genetic information very tightly within these nanostructures, enabling the delivery of even the longest genes into the nucleus. This new technology offers a safer, more cost-efficient alternative to traditional viral gene therapy, with potential applications in treating diseases and improving live cell imaging.

Additionally, DNA origami structures can control how gene products interact with cell components , enabling the manipulation of cell properties and functions. This capability could be used in tissue engineering to create artificial tissues and organs.

Epigenetic editing to control gene expression and combat disease

Charles Gersbach's project uses the cancer-associated gene called MYC as a case study to test how changes in chromatin architecture lead to changes in gene expression and tumor characteristics. The team developed new genome-editing technologies to specifically target the non-coding regulatory regions of DNA that turn genes on or off.

This approach can add or remove chemical modifications (epigenetic marks), mimicking changes that might occur in nature in response to the environment. This epigenome engineering approach, which addresses variations in the non-coding genome linked to disease susceptibilities, can improve disease interventions. An epigenetic editing company, Tune Therapeutics , was founded to develop new therapies based on this research.

Empowering Future Innovators

Many EFRI teams leverage the NSF Research Experience and Mentoring program to provide paid research experiences and mentoring to broaden participation and include more diverse talents in engineering. Backman's team offers an opportunity for high school students and undergraduates to participate in research. King supports undergraduates from underrepresented minority groups and/or first-generation, low-income college students to begin their careers. Castro enables undergraduates to experience research merged with technology development and entrepreneurship.

The EFRI projects have yielded groundbreaking advancements in the understanding and manipulation of gene expression. Supported by interdisciplinary research and mentoring programs, these collaborative efforts have advanced scientific knowledge and fostered a new generation of scientists equipped to tackle complex challenges in genetic and epigenetic engineering.

About the Author

NSF 101: EPSCoR Graduate Fellowship Program

Researchers study Lahaina wildfires effects on coral reef health

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How ai can reveal new understandings of the past — and the future.

Dura-Europos archeological site and an image of a forest fire

The ancient city of Dura-Europos in present-day Syria has long fascinated archaeologists and historians with its wealth of cultural and linguistic diversity. But much of the valuable information about the city, which was founded in 300 B.C.E. and abandoned in the third century C.E., has been lost.

With the use of artificial intelligence (AI), though, Holly Rushmeier, the John C. Malone Professor of Computer Science at the Yale School of Engineering & Applied Science, is “reconstructing” city buildings as 3D models based on surviving evidence as well as helping to build an easily accessible body of knowledge about the ancient city.

In a completely different application, her lab is also using AI to better assess the state of land that has been damaged by Algerian forest fires — work that could benefit governments around the world in land recovery efforts.

In an interview, Rushmeier discusses her work on these two far-ranging projects. It is the latest in a series of conversations about AI with Yale researchers.

How is AI helping with your Dura-Europos research?

Holly Rushmeier: We’ve been experimenting with training networks to extract key contours from historic photos to use as a starting point for geometric modeling. There’s also a major undertaking of gathering facts about all of the artifacts at Dura-Europos and putting them into “linked open data” [a virtual data cloud] to be part of a knowledge graph to form something that can be efficiently used for question-answering in the future through Wikidata.

I think it’s really important to lay a foundation for future, better methods [of information gathering] that rely on specific, reliable data rather than just roaming around the Internet learning who knows what. So those are the two places I would say that AI, and in particular machine learning, intersect with that project.

Because right now, the information about Dura-Europos that’s available is all very scattered?

Rushmeier: Well, it’s in things like excavation reports and traditional books. But then the collections are fragmented. We have a certain number of artifacts here about Dura-Europos [at the Yale University Art Gallery ]. Other museums have their data. The idea of putting everything into this linked open data — and Wikidata is one instance of linked open data — is a way that they can all be connected from across different sources.

Moving forward a couple millennia, in a separate project you’re also working on present-day forest fires.

Rushmeier: In northern Algeria and many other places, information about forest fires is difficult to get. But you can get satellite information from the European and U.S. satellites that cover the whole world.

Nadia Zikiou, a Ph.D. student from Algeria, is working on this to assess damage to natural resources. It’s very difficult to get a lot of on-the-ground information, but you can get hyperspectral data from satellites over time to track how things have been damaged, for example, by wildfires. In a project she’s looking at the best way to use that satellite data — which wavelength bands and what methods work best. You can take values that are detected at each pixel in a satellite image and combine them in a certain way to compute, for example, an index for the type of vegetation.

So the work she is doing compares convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and support vector machines (SVMs) — two kinds of machine learning — in how they predict the kind of damage from wildfires that you can get. It’s looking at what the damage is and how things are recovering .

And that could give the Algerian government a better way to plan the future of that land?

Rushmeier: Yes — to understand how to manage their resources.

How does machine learning figure into all of this?

Rushmeier: Say you’re using it to identify crops in a remote sensing image: you need lots and lots of examples of the things that might appear in these images labeled — “this is a certain kind of grass” and “this is a certain kind of tree,” for instance. If you have loads and loads of those labeled images, you can train the machine learning model so that when you get a new image, you can assign the labels with the model. It’s a great tool if you have enough and appropriate training data. So what this system will do, among other things, is enable people to train machine-learning models to understand this data.

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Researchers bend dna strands with light, revealing a new way to study the genome.

By Wright Seneres

September 9, 2024

false color microscope image of a cell nucleus with chromosomes highlighted.

Researchers have developed a tool that can bend DNA strands using light. The work represents a new way to probe the genome. Shown here, from an unrelated study, are chromosomes (blue) inside a human cell nucleus. Image by Steve Mabon and Tom Misteli, NCI Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health

With the flick of a light, researchers have found a way to rearrange life’s basic tapestry, bending DNA strands back on themselves to reveal the material nature of the genome.

Scientists have long debated about the physics of chromosomes — structures at the deepest interior of a cell that are made of long DNA strands tightly coiled around millions of proteins. Do they behave more like a liquid, a solid, or something in between?

Much progress in understanding and treating disease depends on the answer.

A Princeton team has now developed a way to probe chromosomes and quantify their mechanical properties: how much force is required to move parts of a chromosome around and how well it snaps back to its original position. The answer to the material question, according to their findings, is that in some ways the chromosome acts like an elastic material and in other ways it acts like a fluid. By leveraging that insight in exacting detail, the team was able to physically manipulate DNA in new and precisely controlled ways.

They published their findings in the journal Cell on August 20.

“What’s happening here is truly incredible,” said Cliff Brangwynne , the June K. Wu ’92 Professor of Chemical and Biological Engineering, director of Princeton’s Omenn-Darling Bioengineering Institute and principal investigator of the study. “Basically we’ve turned droplets into little fingers that pluck on the genomic strings within living cells.”

The key to the new method lies in the researchers’ ability to generate tiny liquid-like droplets within a cell’s nucleus. The droplets form like oil in water and grow larger when exposed to a specific wavelength of blue light. Because the droplets are initiated at a programmable protein — a modified version of the protein used in the gene-editing tool known as CRISPR — they can also attach the droplet to DNA in precise locations, targeting genes of interest.

Process of pulling two DNA strands together using condensate

Physically repositioning DNA in this way represents a completely new direction for engineering cells to improve health and could lead to new treatments for disease, according to the researchers. For example, they showed that they could pull two distant genes toward each other until the genes touch. Established theory predicts this could lead to greater control over gene expression or gene regulation — life’s most fundamental processes.

The material science of our genome

A DNA molecule is structured like a long double strand. In living cells, this long strand is wrapped around specialized proteins to form a material called chromatin, which in turn coils on itself to form the structures we know as chromosomes. If uncoiled and stretched end-to-end, all of a person’s chromosomes would measure about six-and-a-half feet long. Human cells must fit 23 pairs of these chromosomes, collectively called the genome, into each cell’s nucleus. Hence the need for tight coiling.

To study chromatin in more detail, Strom and Kim built upon previous research from the Brangwynne lab that engineered condensates from biological molecules in the cell using laser light to create and fuse droplets together. In this new work, they utilized an additional component that attaches the condensate to specific locations on the DNA strands and directs their movement quickly and precisely via surface tension-mediated forces also known as capillary forces, which Princeton researchers had suggested could be ubiquitous in living cells. Previously, moving DNA like this relied on random interactions over a period of hours or even days.

“We haven’t been able to have this precise control over nuclear organization on such quick timescales before,” said Brangwynne.

Like CRISPR but different

“We can use this technology to build a map of what’s going on in there and better understand when things are disorganized like in cancer,” said Strom.

This new tool is poised to help researchers understand gene expression better, but it is not intended to edit the DNA. “Our tool does not actually cleave the DNA sequences like CRISPR does,” said Kim.

“CRISPR is really good for diseases that are related to the need to cut and actually change the DNA sequence,” said Strom. This technology could work for a different class of diseases, especially those related to protein imbalances such as cancer.

“If we can control the amount of expression by repositioning the gene,” said Strom, “there is a potential future for something like our tool.”

The paper “ Condensate interfacial forces reposition DNA loci and probe chromatin viscoelasticity ” was published with support from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, the Princeton Biomolecular Condensate Program, the Princeton Center for Complex Materials, a MRSEC (NSF DMR-2011750), the St. Jude Collaborative on Membraneless Organelles, and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research Multidisciplinary Research Program of the University Research Initiative (AFOSR MURI) (FA9550-20-1-0241). In addition to Brangwynne, Strom and Kim, contributing authors include Cornelis Storm of Eindhoven University of Technology, and Hongbo Zhao, Yi-Che Chang, Natalia D. Orlovsky and Andrej Košmrlj, all from Princeton University.

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