The Eight Parts of Speech in English (PDF)
In this article, we will provide a clear overview of the eight essential parts of speech: noun, pronoun, verb, adjective, adverb, preposition, conjunction, and interjection.
What are the eight parts of speech?
Think of parts of speech as roles within a sentence. Just as individuals can hold various job titles—such as soldier, teacher, or baker—words can serve different purposes based on their functions. Whether a word acts as a noun, pronoun, verb, or any other part of speech determines its role in conveying meaning.
- Preposition
- Conjunction
- Interjection
At the end of this article, you’ll find a downloadable PDF that includes examples of each part of speech, making it easier to apply your knowledge.
Parts of Speech Grammar Table
Parts of Speech | Definition | Examples |
---|---|---|
A word used to identify any of a class of people, places, or things, or to name a particular one of these | dog, city, love | |
A word that is used in place of a noun | I, you, he, she, it, we, they | |
A word used to describe an action, occurrence, or state of being | run, be, have, do, take | |
A word that describes a noun or pronoun | blue, happy, tall, friendly | |
A word used to describe a verb, adjective, or other adverb | quickly, well, very, here | |
A word used to connect clauses or sentences or to coordinate words in the same clause | and, but, or, yet, so | |
A word used to show the relationship between a noun or pronoun and other words in a sentence | in, on, at, with, by | |
A word or phrase used to express strong emotion | oh, wow, ouch, hurray |
The 8 Parts of Speech
Nouns are separated into common nouns and proper nouns .
What is a common noun?
Common nouns are used for people, animals, places, or things.
Example: granny, mother, river, mountain, hotel, taxi, fox, camel.
He is an artist . Tom hates bananas . I love my mother . Her father is a doctor .
What is a proper noun?
Proper nouns are names for particular people, places or things. They always begin with a capital letter.
Example: Ali Baba, Harry Potter, Beethoven, Turkish, British, Malay, Hong Kong, India, The United Kingdom,the Pacific Ocean, the Eiffel Tower, Father’s Day, Ramadan, Halloween.
☛ The days of the week and months of the year are also proper nouns.
December is the last month of the year. Sunday is the last day of the week.
What is singular and plural noun?
When you are talking about one person, animal, place, or thing, use a singular noun .
Example: a ship, a teacher, a river, an apple, an umbrella.
When you are talking about two or more people, animals, places, or things, use plural nouns . Most nouns are made plural by adding -s at the end.
Example: ships, teachers, rivers, apples, umbrellas
Some exceptions: bus-buses. glass-glasses. watch-watches. brush-brushes. butterfly-butterflies. baby-babies. lady-ladies. story-stories.
☛ Nouns show possession by adding ‘s.
☛ Tom’s car. ☛ Car’s key.
What is concrete and abstract noun?
Concrete nouns are things you can experience (see, hear, smell, touch, or taste) with your senses. Here are some examples: tree, music, flowers, and chocolate.
Abstract nouns represent ideas, qualities, or states that cannot be perceived through the senses. Examples include love, honesty, joy, and freedom.
Here’s a table with examples of different types of nouns in English:
Noun Type | Examples |
---|---|
book, table, city, person | |
Muhammad, London, Mary, Toyota, Amazon | |
tree, music, flowers, chocolate | |
love, honesty, joy, freedom | |
team, family, herd, flock | |
cat, dog, chair, student | |
water, air, happiness, information | |
toothbrush, software, basketball | |
John’s, cat’s, company’s, children’s | |
books, tables, cities, people | |
swimming, reading, writing |
Check Also: Common and Proper Nouns Explained (Exercise and Examples) Masculine and Feminine Nouns in English 100 Most Common English Nouns A-Z List (PDF)
Personal Pronouns: The words I , you , he , she , it , we and they are called personal pronouns. He is a nice guy. You are welcome.
Possessive Pronouns: The words mine , yours , hers , his , its , theirs , ours , yours , theirs are called possessive pronouns. This car is mine . Time is yours .
Reflexive Pronouns: The words myself , yourself , himself , herself , itself , ourselves , yourselves and themselves are called reflexive pronouns. Maryam has hurt herself . Don’t cut yourself .
Demonstrative Pronouns: The words this , these , that and those are called demonstrative pronouns. This is my car. These are my flowers.
Interrogative Pronouns: The words who , whom , whose , what and which are called interrogative pronouns. We ask questions by using these pronouns. Who is she talking to? Which do you prefer?
Here’s a table with examples of different types of pronouns in English:
Pronoun Type | Examples |
---|---|
I, you, he, she, it, we, they | |
mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs | |
myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves | |
this, that, these, those | |
who, whom, whose, which, what | |
who, whom, whose, which, that | |
all, another, any, anybody, anyone, anything, both, each, either, everybody, everyone, everything, few, many, neither, nobody, none, no one, nothing, one, other, several, some, somebody, someone, something, both, few, many, several | |
each other, one another |
Check Also: Personal & Possessive Pronouns for English Learners Nobody, No one, None Difference & Examples Difference Between Who and Whom
Most verbs are action words. Verbs shows you what people, animals or things are doing.
Verbs can show actions or they can show states or situations.Those are the two types of verbs in English.
☛ I am eating. – verb (eat) shows an action. ☛ I am a student. verb (to be) shows a state.
☛ Verbs also change and take different forms to show tenses.
I drink a lot of water ☛ I drank a lot of water yesterday.
Here’s a table with examples of different types of verbs in English:
Verb Type | Examples |
---|---|
run, jump, eat, write, sing | |
am, is, are, was, were, appear, seem, become, feel, look, sound, taste, smell | |
can, could, will, would, shall, should, may, might, must, have, has, had, do, does, did | |
can, could, will, would, shall, should, may, might, must | |
carry, build, eat, write, teach | |
arrive, exist, sleep, laugh | |
walk, talk, play, watch | |
go, have, be, see, swim, eat | |
look up, give in, turn off | |
to run, to eat, to study | |
running, eating, studying |
Check Also: 500+ English Verbs List (V1 V2 V3 Verb Forms) + PDF Most Common English Verbs & Synonyms List (PDF) All forms of the verb TO BE and Its Usage
4. ADJECTIVE
The red carpet. Deep thoughts. A busy street. She is beautiful today.
Here’s a table with examples of different types of adjectives in English:
Adjective Type | Examples |
---|---|
tall, blue, happy, delicious | |
many, few, some, several, all | |
this, that, these, those | |
my, your, his, her, its, our, their | |
which, what, whose | |
some, any, many, few, several, all | |
taller, bluer, happier, more delicious | |
tallest, bluest, happiest, most delicious |
Check Also: List of Opposite Adjectives in English (PDF) Positive Adjectives to Describe a Person (PDF) Comparative and Superlative Adjectives List + PDF
☛ A lot of adverbs end in -ly.
We are happily married. Tom calls me regularly . Suddenly , she knows. It’s love!
Here’s a table with examples of different types of adverbs in English:
Adverb Type | Examples |
---|---|
quickly, slowly, happily, carefully | |
here, there, everywhere, nowhere | |
now, later, yesterday, soon | |
always, often, sometimes, rarely, never | |
very, too, quite, almost, absolutely | |
how, when, where, why | |
when, where, why | |
however, therefore, meanwhile |
Check Also: Types of Adverbs in English & Meaning and Examples (PDF) Common Suffixes in English (With Examples) & PDF
6. PREPOSITION
Prepositions tell us about time, position or place.
Some examples of prepositions are words like ‘ in ,’ ‘ at ,’ ‘ on ,’ ‘ of ,’ ‘ to ,’ ‘ from .’
She is in love. Book was on the table. I am from France. He is calling to you. Where are you at ?
Here’s a table categorizing types of prepositions with examples:
Type | Examples |
---|---|
above, across, against, along, among, around, at, before, behind, below, beneath, beside, between, beyond, by, in, into, near, on, over, through, under, with | |
after, before, during, for, from, in, on, over, through, to, until, with | |
across, along, around, behind, beyond, into, through, to | |
by, with | |
like, unlike, after, as | |
for, to, in order to | |
from, out of |
Check Also: Complete List of English Prepositions A-Z (Free PDF) Commonly Used Prepositions Lists in English Common Collocations in English With Prepositions (PDF) Prepositions of Location At, In & On (PDF)
7. CONJUNCTION
Conjunctions are used to connect words, phrases, and clauses together.
a teacher and students. a male or female?
☛ Words such as before , after , as , when , while , until , since , are conjunctions of time. Maryam could play guitar before she was four. She always brush her teeth after eating her meal.
There are four categories of conjunctions:
for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so | |
both/and, either/or, neither/nor, not only/but, whether/or | |
after, although, as, as if, as long as, as much as, as soon as, as though, because, before, by the time, even if, even though, if, in order that, in case, in the event that, now that, once, only, only if, provided that, since, so, supposing, that, than, though, till, unless, until, when, whenever, where, whereas, wherever, whether or not, while | |
however, therefore |
8.INTERJECTION
An interjection is a word that expresses an emotion, sudden, strong feeling such as surprise, pain, or pleasure.
☛ It is often followed by an exclamation point.
Expression | Example |
---|---|
Cheers to a great day! | |
Ouch! That hurt. | |
Oh my God! Is that true? | |
Oh dear! What happened? | |
Good luck on your exam! | |
Help! I need assistance. | |
Gosh! That’s amazing. | |
Hey! How are you? | |
Look out! There’s a car coming! |
Check Also: Interjections in English Grammar & List Examples 1000+ Common Daily English Phrases for Beginners (PDF)
Parts of Speech PDF
Here you can download parts of speech PDF with examples.
Parts of Speech in English PDF – download
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Parts of speech worksheets terms of use, prepositions worksheets, below you will find our full list of printable prepositions worksheets to be used by teachers at home or in school. just click on a link to open a printable pdf version of the desired worksheet. we hope you find them useful..
- Identifying Prepositions Worksheet
Explanation, examples, and practice identifying prepositions in sentences.
- Identifying Prepositions Worksheet Answers
Answers to the Identifying Prepositions worksheet.
- Prepositions of Time Worksheet
This worksheet includes a table outlining the various prepositions of time and their usages. Practice involves using prepositions of time to explain the schedules of color characters in the worksheet.
- Prepositions of Time Worksheet Answers
Answers to the Prepositions of Time Worksheet.
- Prepositions of Place Worksheet 1
The worksheet provides practice using images to explain the positions of people and objects in relation to one another.
- Prepositions of Place Worksheet Answers 1
Answers to the Prepositions of Place Worksheet 1
- Prepositions of Place Worksheet 2
The worksheet includes tables outlining the various prepositions of place (location). Practice involves using prepositions of place to explain the positions of color objects in relation to one another.
- Prepositions of Place Worksheet Answers 2
Answers to the Prepositions of Place Worksheet 2
Nouns worksheets.
- Identifying Nouns Worksheet
Explanation, examples, and practice identifying nouns in sentences.
- Identifying Nouns Worksheet Answers
Answers to the Nouns Worksheet.
- Identifying Nouns Worksheet - Common vs. Proper
Explanation, examples, and practice identifying common vs. proper nouns in sentences.
- Identifying Nouns Worksheet - Common vs. Proper Answers
Answers to the Identifying Nouns worksheet.
Adjectives worksheets, this section contains printable worksheets on adjectives..
- Identifying Adjectives Worksheet
Explanation, examples, and practice identifying adjectives in sentences.
- Identifying Adjectives Worksheet Answers
Answers to the Identifying Adjectives worksheet
- Order of Adjectives Worksheet
Explanation, examples, and practice putting adjectives in the correct order.
- Comparative Adjectives Worksheet
Explanation, examples, and practice using comparative adjectives in sentences.
- Comparative Adjectives Worksheet Answers
Answers to the Comparative Adjectives worksheet
- Superlative Adjectives Worksheet
Explanation, examples, and practice using superlative adjectives in sentences.
- Superlative Adjectives Worksheet Answers
Answers to the Superlative Adjectives Worksheet.
Verbs worksheets, this section contains printable worksheets on verbs..
- Identifying Verbs Worksheet
Explanation, examples, and practice identifying verbs in sentences.
- Identifying Verbs Worksheet Answers
Adverbs Worksheets
This section contains printable worksheets on adverbs..
- Identifying Adverbs Worksheet
Explanation, examples, and practice identifying adverbs in sentences.
Answers to the identifying adverbs worksheet..
- Frequency Adverbs Worksheet
Explanation, examples, and practice identifying and using frequency adverbs in sentences. Practice involves rewriting sentences according to percentages labeled on a frequency adverbs chart. This is an excellent worksheet!
- Frequency Adverbs Worksheet Answers
Answers to the Frequency Adverbs worksheet.
Conjunctions worksheets, this section contains printable worksheets on conjunctions..
- Introduction to Conjunctions Worksheet
A brief introduction to conjunctions.
- Introduction to Conjunctions Worksheet Answers
Answers to the Introduction to Conjunctions worksheet.
- Coordinating Conjunctions Worksheet
Explanation, examples, and practice using coordinating conjunctions.
- Subordinating Conjunctions Worksheet
Explanation, examples, and practice using subordinating conjunctions.
- Correlative Conjunctions Worksheet
Explanation, examples, and practice using correlative conjunctions.
Pronouns worksheets, this section contains printable worksheets on pronouns..
- Introduction to Pronouns Worksheet
A brief introduction to pronouns.
- Introduction to Pronouns Worksheet Answers
Answers to the Introduction to Pronouns worksheet.
- Demonstrative Pronouns Worksheet
Explanation, examples, and practice using demonstrative pronouns.
- Subjective Pronouns Worksheet
Explanation, examples, and practice using subjective pronouns in sentences.
Interjections worksheets, this section contains printable worksheets on interjections..
- Identifying Interjections Worksheet
Explanation, examples, and practice identifying interjections in sentences.
- Identifying Interjections Worksheet Answers
Answers to the Identifying Interjections worksheet.
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- Knowledge Base
- Parts of speech
The 8 Parts of Speech | Chart, Definition & Examples
A part of speech (also called a word class ) is a category that describes the role a word plays in a sentence. Understanding the different parts of speech can help you analyze how words function in a sentence and improve your writing.
The parts of speech are classified differently in different grammars, but most traditional grammars list eight parts of speech in English: nouns , pronouns , verbs , adjectives , adverbs , prepositions , conjunctions , and interjections . Some modern grammars add others, such as determiners and articles .
Many words can function as different parts of speech depending on how they are used. For example, “laugh” can be a noun (e.g., “I like your laugh”) or a verb (e.g., “don’t laugh”).
You can check whether you’re using each of the parts of speech correctly using our grammar checker .
Table of contents
- Prepositions
- Conjunctions
- Interjections
Other parts of speech
Interesting language articles, frequently asked questions.
A noun is a word that refers to a person, concept, place, or thing. Nouns can act as the subject of a sentence (i.e., the person or thing performing the action) or as the object of a verb (i.e., the person or thing affected by the action).
There are numerous types of nouns, including common nouns (used to refer to nonspecific people, concepts, places, or things), proper nouns (used to refer to specific people, concepts, places, or things), and collective nouns (used to refer to a group of people or things).
Ella lives in France .
Other types of nouns include countable and uncountable nouns , concrete nouns , abstract nouns , and gerunds .
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A pronoun is a word used in place of a noun. Pronouns typically refer back to an antecedent (a previously mentioned noun) and must demonstrate correct pronoun-antecedent agreement . Like nouns, pronouns can refer to people, places, concepts, and things.
There are numerous types of pronouns, including personal pronouns (used in place of the proper name of a person), demonstrative pronouns (used to refer to specific things and indicate their relative position), and interrogative pronouns (used to introduce questions about things, people, and ownership).
That is a horrible painting!
A verb is a word that describes an action (e.g., “jump”), occurrence (e.g., “become”), or state of being (e.g., “exist”). Verbs indicate what the subject of a sentence is doing. Every complete sentence must contain at least one verb.
Verbs can change form depending on subject (e.g., first person singular), tense (e.g., simple past), mood (e.g., interrogative), and voice (e.g., passive voice ).
Regular verbs are verbs whose simple past and past participle are formed by adding“-ed” to the end of the word (or “-d” if the word already ends in “e”). Irregular verbs are verbs whose simple past and past participles are formed in some other way.
“I’ve already checked twice.”
“I heard that you used to sing .”
Other types of verbs include auxiliary verbs , linking verbs , modal verbs , and phrasal verbs .
An adjective is a word that describes a noun or pronoun. Adjectives can be attributive , appearing before a noun (e.g., “a red hat”), or predicative , appearing after a noun with the use of a linking verb like “to be” (e.g., “the hat is red ”).
Adjectives can also have a comparative function. Comparative adjectives compare two or more things. Superlative adjectives describe something as having the most or least of a specific characteristic.
Other types of adjectives include coordinate adjectives , participial adjectives , and denominal adjectives .
An adverb is a word that can modify a verb, adjective, adverb, or sentence. Adverbs are often formed by adding “-ly” to the end of an adjective (e.g., “slow” becomes “slowly”), although not all adverbs have this ending, and not all words with this ending are adverbs.
There are numerous types of adverbs, including adverbs of manner (used to describe how something occurs), adverbs of degree (used to indicate extent or degree), and adverbs of place (used to describe the location of an action or event).
Talia writes quite quickly.
Other types of adverbs include adverbs of frequency , adverbs of purpose , focusing adverbs , and adverbial phrases .
A preposition is a word (e.g., “at”) or phrase (e.g., “on top of”) used to show the relationship between the different parts of a sentence. Prepositions can be used to indicate aspects such as time , place , and direction .
I left the cup on the kitchen counter.
A conjunction is a word used to connect different parts of a sentence (e.g., words, phrases, or clauses).
The main types of conjunctions are coordinating conjunctions (used to connect items that are grammatically equal), subordinating conjunctions (used to introduce a dependent clause), and correlative conjunctions (used in pairs to join grammatically equal parts of a sentence).
You can choose what movie we watch because I chose the last time.
An interjection is a word or phrase used to express a feeling, give a command, or greet someone. Interjections are a grammatically independent part of speech, so they can often be excluded from a sentence without affecting the meaning.
Types of interjections include volitive interjections (used to make a demand or request), emotive interjections (used to express a feeling or reaction), cognitive interjections (used to indicate thoughts), and greetings and parting words (used at the beginning and end of a conversation).
Ouch ! I hurt my arm.
I’m, um , not sure.
The traditional classification of English words into eight parts of speech is by no means the only one or the objective truth. Grammarians have often divided them into more or fewer classes. Other commonly mentioned parts of speech include determiners and articles.
- Determiners
A determiner is a word that describes a noun by indicating quantity, possession, or relative position.
Common types of determiners include demonstrative determiners (used to indicate the relative position of a noun), possessive determiners (used to describe ownership), and quantifiers (used to indicate the quantity of a noun).
My brother is selling his old car.
Other types of determiners include distributive determiners , determiners of difference , and numbers .
An article is a word that modifies a noun by indicating whether it is specific or general.
- The definite article the is used to refer to a specific version of a noun. The can be used with all countable and uncountable nouns (e.g., “the door,” “the energy,” “the mountains”).
- The indefinite articles a and an refer to general or unspecific nouns. The indefinite articles can only be used with singular countable nouns (e.g., “a poster,” “an engine”).
There’s a concert this weekend.
If you want to know more about nouns , pronouns , verbs , and other parts of speech, make sure to check out some of our language articles with explanations and examples.
Nouns & pronouns
- Common nouns
- Proper nouns
- Collective nouns
- Personal pronouns
- Uncountable and countable nouns
- Verb tenses
- Phrasal verbs
- Types of verbs
- Active vs passive voice
- Subject-verb agreement
A is an indefinite article (along with an ). While articles can be classed as their own part of speech, they’re also considered a type of determiner .
The indefinite articles are used to introduce nonspecific countable nouns (e.g., “a dog,” “an island”).
In is primarily classed as a preposition, but it can be classed as various other parts of speech, depending on how it is used:
- Preposition (e.g., “ in the field”)
- Noun (e.g., “I have an in with that company”)
- Adjective (e.g., “Tim is part of the in crowd”)
- Adverb (e.g., “Will you be in this evening?”)
As a part of speech, and is classed as a conjunction . Specifically, it’s a coordinating conjunction .
And can be used to connect grammatically equal parts of a sentence, such as two nouns (e.g., “a cup and plate”), or two adjectives (e.g., “strong and smart”). And can also be used to connect phrases and clauses.
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Free English Lessons
Parts of speech in english – video.
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In this lesson, you can learn about parts of speech in English.
How many parts of speech are there in english can you name them, and explain what they do, understanding parts of speech —nouns, verbs, adjectives, and so on—can help you to understand english sentence structure and how english grammar works., in this class, you’ll learn the basic information about parts of speech, you’ll see some ways that parts of speech can be more complicated than you might expect, and you’ll have several chances to practice, quiz: parts of speech in english.
Now test your understanding of the different parts of speech by trying this quiz. There are 20 questions, which get harder as you go through it!
When you have finished, click ‘View Questions’ to see all the correct answers and read the explanations. There are links to further study resources in the explanations.
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1 . Question
For the first five questions, answer true or false.
True or false: a word can be different parts of speech depending on its function and meaning in the sentence.
Review part three of the lesson if you need help with this one.
2 . Question
True or false: a noun can be a word or a phrase.
3 . Question
True or false: if a word can be a noun, it can only be a noun.
4 . Question
True or false: when analysing parts of speech, you don’t need to think about what the sentence means.
5 . Question
True or false: articles (‘the’, ‘a’), demonstratives (‘this’, ‘that’), quantifiers (‘some’, ‘few’) and possessive adjectives (‘your’, ‘their’) are all determiners.
Remember that determiners specify the noun you’re referring to. Do all these words do this?
6 . Question
For the next five questions, choose the part of speech described.
What part of speech can be an action or a state?
- Interjections
- Conjunctions
‘Run’ is an action and ‘understand’ is a state.
7 . Question
What part of speech can describe verbs, adjectives, adverbs or whole sentences?
- Prepositions
8 . Question
What part of speech represents or replaces nouns?
9 . Question
What part of speech expresses an emotion or can be used to react to something?
10 . Question
Which part of speech doesn’t indicate something about a noun?
- Determiners
11 . Question
For the next five questions, match the words in the sentence with the parts of speech.
“He slept badly.”
Sort elements
12 . Question
Match the words in the sentence with the parts of speech.
“She has bought a second-hand car.”
- noun phrase
This time, you’re not analysing each word but the function of word groups and phrases in the sentence.
13 . Question
“Um, can you stop making so much noise, please?”
- ‘um’ and ‘please’
- 'can' and 'stop'
- 'you'
- 'making so much noise'
14 . Question
“Is this your bag or mine?”
- conjunction
- (possessive) pronoun
15 . Question
“Hey! Give his new watch back to him.”
- interjection
- preposition
16 . Question
For the last five questions, tick all the words that are correct.
Which words can be nouns?
You need to choose three answers.
17 . Question
Which words can be adverbs?
Only one word here is not an adverb.
18 . Question
Which words can be determiners?
This time there are two correct answers.
19 . Question
Which words can be more than one part of speech?
Two answers are correct; one of the others doesn’t even exist!
20 . Question
Which words are conjunctions?
- nevertheless
This is a deliberately difficult question to end with! A conjunction must be followed by a noun (or noun phrase) and then a verb, with no commas.
So, first question: how many parts of speech are there?
Well, we did a Google search, and many of the top results said ‘eight’. So there must be eight parts of speech in English.
Wrong! There are nine.
So, what are they?
1. Guide to Parts of Speech in English
Number one: nouns. Nouns can be things, animals, or people, like doctor, pencil, tree or cat.
Nouns can also be ideas or abstract things, like idea, happiness, time or money.
Number two: verbs. Verbs can be actions, like do, run, fly or win.
Verbs can also describe states, like be, love, believe or understand.
Number three: adjectives. Adjectives describe nouns. For example: red, big, metal, or beautiful.
Number four: adverbs . Adverbs can describe verbs, meaning they describe how someone does something. For example, quickly, loudly, angrily or well.
Adverbs can also describe adjectives, other adverbs, or even whole sentences. For example, very is an adverb which can describe an adjective— very slow —or another adverb— very slowly.
Unfortunately or sometimes are adverbs which can be used to add information to a whole sentence.
For example:
- Unfortunately, they missed the train and were late to their own wedding!
- Sometimes, I wish I’d made different choices in life.
So, adverbs are a little more complicated. Here’s a good way to remember it: adjectives and adverbs both describe other words. They are both used to add information to something else.
Adjectives describe nouns, and adverbs describe everything else: verbs, adjectives, adverbs and whole sentences.
Number five: pronouns.
Pronouns replace or represent nouns. For example, I, you, she or they are pronouns which represent different people.
You use pronouns to avoid repeating the same word, or to refer to something when it’s obvious what you mean.
- How was the weather there?
There is a pronoun which refers to a place. If you’ve already mentioned the place you’re talking about, you don’t need to say it again.
Another example:
- Give me two, please.
Two is a pronoun which refers to a quantity of something which has already been mentioned. The person you’re talking to already knows what you’re talking about.
Number six: prepositions.
Prepositions usually go before a noun or noun phrase. What’s their job?
Prepositions can do two basic things: first, they can add an idea of time, place, or movement to a noun. For example:
- on Wednesday
- in the corner
- towards the door
Secondly, prepositions can connect other words to a noun, or a pronoun.
For example, think about the verb depend on. The preposition on connects the verb depend to the object of the verb. For example:
- It depends on the cost.
Usually, the noun or noun phrase goes after the preposition.
However, sometimes the preposition can link to a noun (or pronoun) earlier in the sentence. For example:
- What does it depend on?
Here, on links to the pronoun what.
Number seven: conjunctions.
Conjunctions connect two things. A conjunction can connect two words:
- I like cake and ice-cream.
A conjunction can connect two phrases:
- Do you want to go now or wait till this afternoon?
You can also use a conjunction to connect two clauses:
- Although I’ve been trying to learn for years, I’m still really bad at drawing.
Number eight: determiners
Determiners go before a noun. They include words like a, the, this or that, which help to specify which noun you’re talking about.
Words like my, your, his, her, etc. are also determiners. They specify which noun you’re talking about by saying who something belongs to.
Determiners can also tell you how many of something there are. Look at three examples:
- ten bananas
- some people
- both of my brothers
The words ten, some and both are determiners.
Number nine: interjections
Interjections are different, because they aren’t normally part of a sentence.
Interjections are words or phrases which show how you feel. For example:
So, now you know about the nine parts of speech in English.
2. Practice with Parts of Speech in English
Let’s practice! Look at three sentences. Each sentence has five words.
- They told me about it.
- Look in the big cupboard.
- Put it there, but carefully.
Can you identify which part of speech each word is? Pause the video and think about your answers.
How did you do? Could you identify the parts of speech correctly?
Let’s look at one more.
- I’m staying in this evening.
What part of speech are these words? Think about it.
So, I is a pronoun, am is a verb, and staying is also a verb.
What about in? Did you say it’s a preposition?
It’s not a preposition; it’s an adverb.
How does this work? We had the word in in one of the sentences you saw before, and it was a preposition.
So, what’s going on?
3. The Same Word Can be More than One Part of Speech
Some words can only be one thing.
For example, the words independence or hair can only be nouns.
Believe and destroy can only be verbs.
However, many words can be more than one part of speech.
There are two things happening here.
First, a word can be two different things, which have the same written form and the same pronunciation.
Think about the word win. Is it a noun or a verb?
It can be both.
- I’m sure they’ll win the game this weekend.
- We’ll be hoping for a win in the big game this weekend.
Many words are like this. Another example: red can be an adjective or a noun.
- What do you think about this red for the kitchen?
- I like that red top she was wearing.
This is very common: very often, a word with one written form can be two (or more) different parts of speech.
We told you there are two things happening here; what’s the other?
Sometimes, a word can be different parts of speech depending on its function in the sentence.
Look at two sentences:
- I have a few photos of my grandparents.
- Sure, you can have a few.
Here’s a question: what part of speech is few in these sentences?
In the first sentence, few is a determiner; in the second, it’s a pronoun.
Can you explain why this is?
Think about what few does in these two sentences.
In the first sentence, few adds a quantity to the noun photos. It tells us how many photos you have. This makes it a determiner.
In the second sentence, few replaces a noun. You don’t know which noun it replaces, but in context, you would understand what the person meant.
Maybe it was ‘a few biscuits’, or ‘a few pieces of paper.’
We don’t know! But, you do know that few replaces a noun, which makes it a pronoun.
Another example is the sentence we saw before:
Prepositions go with nouns, and connect nouns to other words in the sentence. In here doesn’t go with a noun, so it can’t be a preposition.
Learn more with this Oxford Online English lesson on adverbs – to, in, at .
In here means ‘at home’, and it adds information to the verb stay. What kind of words add information to verbs?
Adverbs! So, in is an adverb.
Wait a minute, did we ever finish explaining what parts of speech are in this sentence?
You’re right! We didn’t. Let’s do it now. You need to say what parts of speech the words this evening are.
Can you do it?
Maybe you said that this is a determiner, and evening is a noun. That’s technically correct, but it’s not the best answer.
The best answer is that this evening is an adverb.
How do you explain that?
4. Compound Parts of Speech in English
Until now, you’ve seen single words, and how single words can be nouns, verbs, etc.
However, when you’re thinking about parts of speech, you can’t just think about single words. Phrases can also be nouns, verbs, adjectives, and so on.
Let’s do an example:
- Add a small spoonful of brown sugar, then turn the heat down and stir the mixture gently.
Think about the first part of this sentence: add a small spoonful of brown sugar.
What parts of speech do we have here?
Of course, you can go through it word by word. You can say, add is a verb, a is a determiner, small is an adjective and so on.
But, is that the most useful way of looking at it?
It makes more sense to see this as a verb— add —and a noun— a small spoonful of brown sugar.
The noun is made up of several parts of speech: determiners, adjectives, prepositions and nouns, but together they have one meaning. These words refer to one thing.
You can analyse a sentence in several different layers. So, you can see a small spoonful of brown sugar as six individual words, or one noun phrase.
You could also see it as three parts: a determiner— a small spoonful —a preposition— of —and a noun— brown sugar.
Confused? We understand! You want to know the answer. You want to know which way is ‘correct’.
There isn’t one ‘correct’ way to see this. There are different perspectives.
A better question is: which perspective makes more sense?
In this sentence, a small spoonful of brown sugar refers to one thing in the world. So it makes sense to think of it as one part of speech in the sentence.
What about the second part of the sentence? How would you analyse the parts of speech?
As you saw before, there isn’t one right answer, but here’s a suggestion.
The sentence contains a conjunction— then —and then two verb phrases linked with the conjunction and.
This makes sense because the sentence is telling you to do two things: turn the heat down and stir the mixture gently.
So, it makes sense to see turn the heat down as one part of speech, because it’s telling you do to one thing.
Let’s put these ideas together.
First, when you think about parts of speech, you can’t just memorise information. You have to look at each sentence individually, and think about what each word is doing.
Secondly, always think about what the sentence means in the real world. Sentences aren’t abstract things; they refer to real people, real things and real actions.
There is always more than one way to analyse the parts of speech in a sentence: choose the way that makes sense based on what the sentence is telling you about real life!
Let’s do a more challenging practice exercise so you can see these ideas in action.
5. More Challenging Practice with English Parts of Speech
Look at three sentences:
- Amazing! It’s way better than I ever thought it would be.
- She was an amazing clinician , who came up with many innovative ways to treat patients.
- I don’t believe it!
How would you analyse the parts of speech in these sentences? Think about the ideas we talked about in the last section. Does it make sense to break the sentences into individual words, or is it better to group words into phrases?
Pause the video and think about your ideas.
You can pause the video again to look at these in more detail.
Notice how the same word can be different parts of speech in different sentences. For example, amazing is an interjection in one sentence, and an adjective in another.
Notice also the different layers of analysis. For example, look at the phrase many innovative ways. You can see this as one noun phrase, or as a determiner plus a noun phrase, or as three individual parts: a determiner, an adjective and a noun.
Which is correct? They all are! Choose the perspective which makes more sense to you.
Thanks for watching!
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8 Parts of Speech
The 8 parts of speech in English are: Nouns, Adjectives, Adverbs, Verbs, Prepositions, Pronouns, Conjunctions, and Interjections.
A part of speech is a category of words that have similar grammatical functions or properties. In other words, they play similar roles in a sentence. For instance, a verb shows the action of a subject or the subject's state of being.
We'll now look in more detail at the function of each of these parts of speech.
Understanding the 8 Parts of Speech
Nouns are words used to talk about people, places, things, or ideas/concepts. Here are some examples:
- Person: The President
- Place: London
- Thing: Table
- Idea/concept: Neo-liberalism
So it may be naming something we can touch ( e.g. table; book; car ) or something we cannot touch ( e.g. Neo-liberalism; happiness; wish ).
There are both common nouns, used for classes of people, places, things, or ideas/concepts, and proper nouns, which is their given name, always with a capital letter.
Common Nouns
- political party
Proper Nouns
- Chester Avenue
Learn more about the various types of noun >>
Another of the 8 parts of speech are adjectives. They describe nouns or pronouns. They can come before or after the noun/pronoun they describe:
Absolute Adjectives
- The large shopping complex
- The excited child
- She is happy
- It was a shocking film
- Her dress was lovely
- He's a good-looking man
These are absolute adjectives , but they can also be comparative (comparing two or more things) or superlative (showing degree or quality):
Comparative Adjectives
- She's fitter than the others
- Their house is bigger
- I ran faster than you
- Cats are more agile than dogs
- Sue's more tired than Tim
Superlative Adjectives
- She's the fittest
- Their house is the biggest
- I ran the fastest
- Cats are the most agile
- Sue's the most tired
There are various other types of adjective. Learn more about the different types of adjectives >>
Adverbs modify verbs, other adverbs, and adjectives. There are adverbs of manner, time, place and degree . Here are examples of each being modified in relation to verbs, adverbs, and adjectives (the word being modified is underlined):
Adverbs Modifying Verbs
- He runs fast
- Ian quickly left the room
- She spoke slowly
Adverbs Modifying Other Adverbs
- He runs exceptionally fast
- Ian very quickly left the room
- She spoke extremely slowly
Adverbs Modifying Adjectives
- She's really excited
- He's happily married
- The elegantly designed dress is mine
Verbs form part of the predicate of a sentence.
In relation to the subject, they are used to express a physical action (e.g. walk; speak; show) or a mental action (e.g. think; feel; want). They can also express a state of being , mainly with the verb 'to be' but also some others.
Here are some examples:
Physical Action
- He ran home
- They chose the blue one
Mental Activity
- I am thinking about it
- Ian guessed the answer
- She believes in ghosts
State of Being
- She is a police woman
- They seem worried
These though are main verbs. They have many other uses in a sentence so you should read about all the types of verbs further.
Prepositions
Another of the 8 parts of speech are prepositions. These show the relationship between two words or phrases in a sentence. They precede a noun or pronoun.
Commons examples of prepositions are above, up, upon, at, before, behind, since, to, through, under, until, with, within, about, against, along, around, beside, between, down, during, below, by, except, for, from, in, into, like, near, of, off, on, toward.
In these example sentences with prepositions, the two words whose relationship is being expressed are underlined and the prepositions are in bold:
- The book is on the table
- He is the leader of the conservative party
- The boy picked up the toy under the sofa
- This is a present for your mother
Pronouns replace nouns and they prevent us from repeating the noun in a sentence. These are the types of pronouns with some examples:
- Personal e.g. I; you; they; she
- Possessive e.g. mine; yours; his; theirs
- Relative e.g. who; which; that; whom
- Demonstrative e.g. this; these; those
- Reciprocal e.g. one another; each other
- Emphatic / Reflexive e.g. myself; herself; itself; ourselves
- Interrogative e.g. what; which; whom; whose
Here are some examples of these words used in sentences:
- Martha decided she would leave
- Why don't you use his car instead of mine
- Mick is a person who learns quickly
- Shall we buy some of these ?
- They began to argue with each other
- Jenny is pleased with herself
- What time is he coming?
Conjunctions
Conjunctions are the of the 8 parts of speech responsible for joining together words, phrases, or clauses. There are three types:
- Coordinating: and; or; but; so; yet; for; nor
- Correlative: neither/nor; either/or; not only/but also
- Subordinating: e.g. although; because; while; which; where; until
Coordinating Conjunctions
Used to connect like for like words (e.g. noun+noun):
- I like apples and oranges ( 2 nouns )
- His speech was slow but effective ( 2 adjectives )
- Shall I say it loudly or quietly? ( 2 adverbs )
Or simple sentences (independent clauses):
- I find the music annoying but she finds It pleasant
- She came to the lecture late so she missed everything important
- She took her umbrella for it was raining hard
Correlative Conjunctions
Used to join alternative or equal elements:
- He felt neither happy nor sad about it
- Sue had to decide to either quit or carry on
- I went not only to Australia but also to New Zealand
Subordinating Conjunctions
Used to join subordinate clauses to main clauses:
- The government won't vote on the bill until both parties agree
- I'm still not tired although it is late
- I'll eat the dish which you don't like
Interjections
Interjections are words used to express an emotion or a sentiment such as surprise, joy, disgust, fear, excitement, pain, or enthusiasm.
They usually appear at the start of a sentence and are not connected to it grammatically. Here are some examples of interjections in sentences:
- Wow , that's an amazing score!
- Oh , I didn't know you failed the exam
- Well , we better not leave too late
- Ow , that really hurt!
- Ah , I understand now
- Oops , I've forgotten to bring the sandwiches
Learn more about interjections >>
Are there only 8 Parts of Speech?
Sometimes rather than 8 parts of speech, you may see 9 or 10 listed. This is because some people treat articles and determiners as separate categories.
However, when there are only 8 parts of speech considered (as above), this is because as these two types of word modify nouns, they are classified under adjectives.
Now practice what you have learned in our identifying parts of speech quiz
More on Sentence Structure:
Parts of a Sentence: Subject, Verbs, Objects, Predicates, Complements
The main parts of a sentence are subjects, verbs, objects, predicates, and subject complements. All of these have a specific purpose within the structure of a sentence.
Types of Clauses in English Grammar - Independent and Dependent Clause
The two types of clauses in English grammar are the independent and dependent clause. Both have a subject and verb which makes them clauses, but while independent clauses express a complete thought, dependent clauses do not. This is the main distinction.
Examples of Parallelism in English Grammar
View examples of parallelism in English grammar that show you correct and incorrect parallel sentences.
Parallelism Grammar Rules (Parallel Structure)
Parallelism is about balancing the grammatical structure of words, phrases and clauses in your sentences. Parallel structure will improve your writing's coherence.
Phrases and Clauses - Building good sentences
Phrases and clauses are the key building blocks of sentences. A clause contains a subject and a verb and can express a complete thought. A phrase does not contain a subject or verb.
How to Use Either and Neither with Examples
Advice on how to use either and neither in English grammar. They can be adjectives, adverbs, pronouns and conjunctions.
Nominalisation in English Grammar: High Level Writing Tips
Nominalisation is an important aspect of academic writing. This lesson teachers you what this is and how you can use it effectively in your writing.
Subject Complements: Predicate Adjectives and Predicate Nominatives
Here we demystify subject complements, predicate adjectives, and predicate nominatives with simple explanations and examples.
Direct and Indirect Objects: The Differences
Direct and indirect objects are key parts of most sentences. A direct object is the receiver of action while indirect object identifies to or for whom or what the action of the verb is performed.
Using Object Complements in a Sentence
Using object complements in a sentence enhances your ability to convey specific information about actions and their outcomes.
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Parts of Speech in English PDF - download. grammar, learn english, parts of speech. Discover the eight parts of speech in English—noun, pronoun, verb, adjective, adverb, preposition, conjunction, and interjection. Learn their definitions, functions, and examples to enhance your grammar skills. Download a helpful PDF guide at the end!
Parts of speech What are parts of speech? In English the words or parts of different sentences are called parts of speech. There are eight parts of speech that make our sentences complete. Here different parts of speech are explained with examples in detailed. The different parts of speech are; 1. Noun 2. Pronoun 3. Verb 4. Adjective 5. Adverb 6.
th, within, without.CONJUNCTIONS connect thoughts. They join words, phrases. or clauses. They help the reader understand the relationship between the words they join. Different types of conju. ctions are coordinating, correlative, subordinating conjunctions, and.
English grammar books usually refer to the 8 Parts of Speech: Nouns, Pronouns, Adjectives, Adverbs, Verbs, Conjunctions, Prepositions, and Interjections. Why do YOU need to know the parts of speech? If you do not know what part of speech a word is, you are more likely to use it incorrectly. This
8 PARTS OF SPEECH 1) Noun 2) Pronoun 3) Verb 4) Adjective 5) Adverb 6) Preposition 7) Conjunction 8) Interjection. NOUN ... Math or English is my favorite subject. Title: PARTS OF SPEECH Author: saschiff Created Date: 10/13/2015 2:08:11 PM ...
arts of speech. Parts of speech errors include mistakes in verb forms, verb tense, articles, noun plurals, noun forms, prepositions, pronoun cases, adjectives and adverbs, passive voice, and word forms.Read through the text titled "Personality" and underline any word or phrase that co.
word when using parts of speech to form sentences. Consult the dictionary and the thesaurus to ensure you have chosen the correct part of speech (look at examples). Ensure you are using the correct form of the required part of speech, e.g., correct tense choice for verbs or plural/singular forms for nouns.
PARTS OF SPEECH DEFINITION WORDS EXAMPLES NOUN Used to name a person, place, thing, or idea. California, man, park, Tom, etc. 1. When my dad was a kid, he had polio. 2. Tom was sitting here an hour ago. 3. Jack used to visit the park daily in the morning. PRONOUN Used to replace the name of person, place, thing or an idea. He, she, it, they ...
3. Verb. There are two main types of verbs: Action verbs indicate specific activities e.g., talk, write, travel, speak, jump, go, believe. The nouns that follow these verbs are objects: direct objects immediately follow verbs (e.g., The dog chased the ball), and indirect objects are separated from verbs by prepositions (e.g., The dog jumped on ...
The 8 Parts of Speech VerbAn action: like run, jump, or read; or a state of being: like is, or was. Noun A thing or idea: rock, dog, John, democracy, birthday, gravity Adverb Tells how an action occurred: quickly, slowly, carefully, fast AdjectiveTells about a noun: big, red, Fred's Pronoun Used to replace a noun: it, I, them, he, they
TheParts of Speech in English English grammar books usually refer to the 8 Parts of Speech: Nouns, Pronouns, Adjectives, ... Try to decide what part of speech the underlined words are. Write the part of speech in the space provided. For screen reader users, the spaces for answers are indicated by a * sign. ...
On these worksheets, students learn to identify the part of speech of a word according to how it is used in a given sentence. Then, they are given opportunity to practice writing sentences using the specified part of speech. All eight parts of speech are covered in this section: Nouns, Verbs, Adjectives, Adverbs, Prepositions, Interjections ...
Do you know the 8 parts of speech? Nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, pronouns, conjunctions and prepositions? 📝 *GET THE FREE LESSON PDF* _here_ 👉🏼 https...
The 8 parts of speech 1 Nouns. A noun is a word that names a person, place, concept, or object. Basically, anything that names a "thing" is a noun, whether you're talking about a basketball court, San Francisco, Cleopatra, or self-preservation.. Nouns fall into two categories: common nouns and proper nouns.
The parts of speech are classified differently in different grammars, but most traditional grammars list eight parts of speech in English: nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, and interjections. Some modern grammars add others, such as determiners and articles. Many words can function as different parts of ...
There are eight parts of speech. Every word in the English language acts as one of these parts of speech when in a sentence. NOUNS (n.) Nouns name persons, places, things, or ideas. ***Many nouns can be identified by their suffixes or endings. Many times the articles a, an, or the appear before a noun. The article an can only go in front of a ...
BRLC/PROGRAM ESL/MATERIALS/PARTS OF SPEECH 11-06 CJ PARTS OF SPEECH - ENGLISH (This is a simplified chart - for more details, ask for a grammar book.) NOUN A noun refers to a person, place or thing (object, concept, idea, event). Person: Cindy, staff, tutors, boy Place: Hendersonville, the park, school, North Carolina
True or false: a word can be different parts of speech depending on its function and meaning in the sentence. 1. True. 2. False. True or false: a noun can be a word or a phrase. True or false: if a word can be a noun, it can only be a noun. True or false: when analysing parts of speech, you don't need to think about what the sentence means.
r a diagram of the parts of speech, see the final page of this handout.]Parts of SpeechTher. are eight forms of words in the English language, typically called the parts of speech. They are no. , adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, and interject. ns.Nouns and PronounsNouns are words that stand for people, places, things, or ideas ...
8. The Garcias stored canned goods under the parch of their house. 9. That man seems consumed by anger or sadness. 10. On my desk was a long yellow pencil. 11. Close the door very quietly. 12. You can never succeed by dishonest methods. 13. The crowd shouted its approval of his speech. 14. "Hurrah!" shouted the boys. "We won!" 15.
PARTS OF SPEECH, DIAGNOSTIC TESTS, Lessons and Activities, Review Activities, Final Tests, Parts of Speech Practice Sheet. Collection. opensource. Language. English. Item Size. 14.5M. 8 PARTS OF SPEECH - ENGLISH. (This is a simplified chart - for more details, ask for a grammar book.)
The 8 parts of speech in English are: Nouns, Adjectives, Adverbs, Verbs, Prepositions, Pronouns, Conjunctions, and Interjections. A part of speech is a category of words that have similar grammatical functions or properties. In other words, they play similar roles in a sentence. For instance, a verb shows the action of a subject or the subject ...