essay on poverty in india for class 10

Cultural India

Poverty in india: causes, effects and solutions.

“Poverty is humiliation, the sense of being dependent on them, and of being forced to accept rudeness, insults, and indifference when we seek help.” —Latvia 1998

In the simplest term, poverty may be defined as a social condition where individuals do not have financial means to meet the most basic standards of life that is acceptable by the society. Individuals experiencing poverty do not have the means to pay for basic needs of daily life like food, clothes and shelter.

Poverty also staves people off from accessing much needed social tools of well-being like education and health requirements. The direct consequences stemming from this problem are hunger, malnutrition and susceptibility to diseases which have been identified as major problems across the world. It impacts individuals in a socio-psychological way with them not being able to afford simple recreational activities and getting progressively marginalized in the society.

The term poverty is interconnected with the notion of the poverty line/ threshold that may be defined as the minimum figure of income that is required in a particular country for maintaining the socially acceptable quality of life in terms of nutritional, clothing and sheltering needs. The World Bank has updated its international poverty line figures to 1.90 USD (Rs. 123.5) per day on October 2015 (based on prices of commodities in year 2011-2012), from 1.5 USD(Rs. 81) as a response to the changes in the cost of living across the world as per current economy. The organization estimates that – “Just over 900 million people globally lived under this line in 2012 (based on the latest available data), and we project that in 2015, just over 700 million are living in extreme poverty.”

Poverty is a worldwide cause of concern even in economically stable countries like the USA. Current statistics state that over half the populations in the world, about 3 billion people, are forced to live on less than 2.5 dollars per day. In India, as per 2014 government reports, monthly per capita consumption expenditure is Rs. 972 per person in rural areas and Rs. 1407 per person in urban areas. This data is currently being accepted as the poverty threshold of the country. As of 2015, 21.9% of the total population lives below the national poverty threshold, as per the data of Asian Development Bank, that’s a whopping 269.7 million individuals not having enough money.

Causes of Poverty in India

Factors contributing to the persistent problem of poverty in the country are many and they need to be identified in order to be addressed properly. They can be categorized under the following heads.

1. Demographic – the main factor that contributes to poverty-ridden state of the country from a demographical point of view is the problem of over population. The growth of population in the country has so far exceeded the growth in economy and the gross result is that the poverty figures have remained more or less consistent. In rural areas, size of the families is bigger and that translates into lowering the per capita income values and ultimately lowering of standard of living. Population growth spurt also leads to generation of unemployment and that means diluting out of wages for jobs further lowering income.

2. Economic –there are a host of economic reasons behind persistence of the poverty problems which are outlined hereunder:-

a. Poor Agricultural Infrastructure –Agriculture is the backbone of Indian economy. But outdated farming practices, lack of proper irrigation infrastructure and even lack of formal knowledge of crop handling has affected the productivity in this sector tremendously. As a consequence there is redundancy and sometimes complete lack of work leading to decreased wages that is insufficient for meeting daily needs of a labourer’s family plunging them into poverty.

b. Unequal distribution of assets – with the economy changing directions rapidly, the earning structure evolves differently in different economic income groups. Upper and middle income groups see a faster increase in earnings than lower income groups. Also assets like land, cattle as well as realty are distributed disproportionately among the population with certain people owning majority shares than other sectors of the society and their profits from these assets are also unequally distributed. In India it is said that 80% wealth in the country is controlled by just 20% of the population.

c. Unemployment – another major economic factor that is causative of poverty in the country is the rising unemployment rate. Unemployment rates is high in India and according to a 2015 survey data, at the all-India level, 77% of families do not have a regular source of income.

d. Inflation and Price hike – the term Inflation may be defined as an increase in prices of commodities coinciding with the fall in the purchasing value of money. As a direct consequence of inflation, effective price of food, clothing items as well as real estate rises. The salaries and wages do not rise as much in keeping up with the inflated prices of commodities leading to effective decrease of the per capita income.

e. Faulty economic liberalization – the LPG (Liberalization-Privatization-Globalization) attempts initiated by the Indian Government in 1991 were directed towards making the economy more suited to international market-trends to invite foreign investments. Successful to certain extent in reviving the economy, the economic reforms had detrimental effects on increasing the wealth distribution scenario. Rich became richer, while the poor remained poor.

3. Social – The various social issues plaguing the country that contributes towards poverty are:-

a. Education and illiteracy – Education, rather its lack thereof and poverty form a vicious cycle that plagues the nation. Not having enough resources to feed their children, the poor consider education to be frivolous, preferring children to start contributing to the family’s income rather than draining them. On the other hand, lack of education and illiteracy prevent individuals from getting better paying jobs and they get stuck at jobs offering minimum wages. Improvement of quality of life gets hindered and the cycle once again comes into action.

b. Outdated Social Customs – Social customs like the caste system cause segregation and marginalization of certain sections of the society. Certain castes are considered untouchables still and are not employed by upper caste, leaving very specific and low paying jobs that they can live off. Economist K. V. Verghese put forth the problem in a very lucid language, “Caste system acted as a spring­board for class exploitation with the result that the counterpart of the poverty of the many is the opulence of the few. The second is the cause of the first.”

c. Lack of skilled labour – lack of adequate vocational training makes the huge labour force available in India largely unskilled, which is unsuitable for offering maximum economic value. Lack of education, much less higher education, is also a contributing factor towards this.

d. Gender inequality –the weak status attached with women, deep-rooted social marginalization and long embedded perceptions of domesticity renders about 50% of the country’s population unable to work. As a result the women of the family add to the number of dependents that need to be fed instead of being able to contribute considerably in the family income which might assuage the poverty situation of the family.

e. Corruption – despite considerable efforts from the government in the forms of various schemes to mollify the poverty situation, allegedly only 30-35% actually reaches the beneficiaries due to wide-spread practices of corruption in the country. Wealthy people with privileged connection are able to acquire more wealth simply by bribing government officials to maximize their profits from such schemes while the poor remain in a state of neglect for not being able to assert such connections.

4. Individual – individual lack of efforts also contribute towards generating poverty. Some people are unwilling to work hard or even not willing to work altogether, leaving their families in the darkness of poverty. Personal demons like drinking and gambling also leads to draining of the family income inciting poverty.

5. Political – in India, socio-economic reform strategies has been largely directed by political interest and are implemented to serve a choice section of the society that is potentially a deciding factor in the elections. As a result, the issue is not addressed in its entirety leaving much scope of improvements.

6. Climatic – maximum portion of India experiences a tropical climate throughout the year that is not conducive to hard manual labour leading to lowering of productivity and the wages suffer consequently.

Effects of Poverty

The resounding effect of poverty echoes through various layers of an India citizen’s life. If we try to have a systematic look at them, we should proceed under the three following heads:-

1. Effect on Health – one of the most devastating effects that poverty has is on the overall health of the nation. The most prominent health issue stemming from poverty is malnutrition. The problem of malnutrition is widespread in all age-groups of the country but children are most adversely affected by this. Limited income in larger families leads to lack of access to sufficient nutritious food for their children. These children over time suffer from severe health problems like low body weight, mental, physical disabilities and a general poor state of immunity making them susceptible to diseases. Children from poor backgrounds are twice as susceptible to suffer from anemia, nutrient deficiencies, impaired vision, and even cardiac problems. Malnutrition is a gross contributor of infant mortality in the country and 38 out of every 1,000 babies born in India die before their first birthday. Malnutrition among adult also leads to poor health in adults that leaches their capacity for manual labour leading to a decrease in income due to weakness and diseases. Poverty also causes definite decline in the sanitary practices among poor who cannot afford proper bathrooms and disinfectants. As a result susceptibility to waterborne diseases peak among the poor. Lack of access to as well as means to procure appropriate treatment also affects overall mortality of the population which is lower in poor countries than developed nations like the USA.

2. Effects on Society – poverty exerts some gravely concerning effects over the overall societal health as well. These may be discussed along the following lines:-

a. Violence and crime rate – incidence of violence and crime have been found to be geographically coincident. In a backdrop of unemployment and marginalization, the poor resort to criminal activities to earn money. Coupled with lack of education and properly formed moral conscience, a poverty ridden society is more susceptible to violence by its people against its own people from a sense of deep-seated discontent and rage.

b. Homelessness – apart from a definite drop in the esthetic representation of the country, homelessness affects child health, women safety and overall increase in criminal tendencies.

c. Stress – lack of money is a major cause of stress among the middle-class and the poor and leads to decline in productivity of individuals.

d. Child labour – one of the hallmarks of a poverty-ridden society is the widespread practices of exploitation and the worst of it comes in the form of child labour. Large families fail to meet the monetary needs of the members and children as young as 5 years are made to start earning in order to contribute to the family income.

e. Terrorism – proclivity of youth towards terrorism stems from a combination of extreme poverty and lack of education making them susceptible to brainwashing. Terrorist organizations offer poverty-ridden families money in exchange for a member’s participation in their activities which induces a sense of accomplishment among the youth.

3. Effect on Economy –poverty is a direct index indicating success of the economy of the country. The number of people living under the poverty threshold indicates whether the economy is powerful enough to generate adequate jobs and amenities for its people. Schemes providing subsidies for the poor of the country again impose a drain on the economy.

The measures that should be taken to fight the demon of poverty in India are outlined below:-

1. Growth of population at the current rate should be checked by implementation of policies and awareness promoting birth control.

2. All efforts should be made to increase the employment opportunities in the country, either by inviting more foreign investments or by encouraging self-employment schemes.

3. Measures should be taken to bridge the immense gap that remains in distribution in wealth among different levels of the society.

4. Certain Indian states are more poverty stricken than others like Odhisha and the North East states. Government should seek to encourage investment in these states by offering special concessions on taxes.

5. Primary needs of people for attaining a satisfactory quality of life like food items, clean drinking water should be available more readily. Improvement of the Subsidy rates on commodities and Public Distribution system should be made. Free high school education and an increased number of functioning health centers should be provided by the government.

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Poverty in India Essay

500+ words poverty in india essay.

Poverty is defined as a condition in which a person or family lacks the financial resources to afford a basic, minimum standard of living. Poor people don’t have adequate income; they can’t afford housing, health facilities and education which are essential for basic survival. So, poverty can be understood simply as a lack of money, or more broadly, barriers to everyday human life. With the help of this poverty essay, students will understand the meaning of poverty, the major causes of poverty and the efforts taken to eliminate poverty in India. So, students must go through this poverty in India essay in depth to get ideas on how to write effective essays and score high marks in exams.

What Causes Poverty?

There are various factors that are responsible for poverty. The major causes are unemployment, illiteracy, increasing population, and lack of proper education and training. As people are not able to find work for themselves, they are not able to earn their livelihood. Due to this, they lack access to basic education, health care, drinking water and sanitation. They are unable to feed their families and children. The other causes of poverty include war, natural disasters, political instability, etc. For example, World War II impacted many countries and they had to suffer from poverty for a long time. It took a lot of effort for such countries to recover their normal state. Similarly, natural disasters affect some areas so badly that poverty and hunger arise.

How is Poverty Measured in India?

The minimum expenditure (or income) required to purchase a basket of goods and services necessary to satisfy basic human needs is called the Poverty Line. Poverty can be measured in terms of the number of people living below this line. It is measured by the State Governments and information is provided by Below Poverty Line (BPL) censuses. Different countries use different measures for measuring poverty but the basic concept remains the same. The definition of the poverty line remains the same, i.e, consumption required for maintaining the minimum standard of living in a country.

Efforts to Eliminate Poverty

Earning income is the first step towards poverty eradication. Poverty can be eliminated by empowering people, and by giving them a good education that will prepare them to have a better career and future. With the help of education, people can get good jobs which allow them to earn a good living. In this way, they will be able to provide their children with a better life. People should be given easy access to transportation, information, communication, technologies, and other public facilities and services to help remove poverty.

The government has also taken several steps to eradicate poverty in India. It has launched various programmes and schemes such as the Five Years Programme, Prime Minister’s Rozgar Yojana, Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana, Pradhan Mantri Jan-Dhan Yojana, Deen Dayal Antyodaya Yojana etc. These programmes help to generate wage employment for the poor, unskilled people living in rural areas. The government also has social security programmes to help a few specific groups such as poor women, elder people, and widows. Apart from these government initiatives, citizens of India have to take an active part in eliminating poverty because it can’t be achieved by just a few people. It needs the support of everyone.

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Frequently asked Questions on Poverty in India Essay

How can poverty in india be abolished completely.

Abolishing poverty in India completely can be challenging. Steps should be taken to ensure equality in education so that everyone gets equal opportunities to find better livelihoods. Proper sanitation and water facility 3. Economic security and development

When was the first plan implemented for Poverty abolition?

The fifth five-year plan was first implemented in the year 1974-79 and since then the government has taken several steps and made many reservations to take this plan forward.

What is the relation between Poverty abolition and economic development?

Poverty abolition and economic development go hand in hand with each other and they are interlinked to each other. Eradication of poverty automatically improves the overall economic situation of a country.

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Poverty In India Essay | Essay on Poverty In India for Students and Children in English

Poverty In India Essay: Poverty is one of the major problems in India. It is the root and cause of many socio-economic problems including population explosion, unemployment, child labour, rising graph of crimes, etc.

Long and Short Essays on Poverty In India for Kids and Students in English

Given below are two essays in English for students and children about the topic of ‘Poverty In India’ in both long and short form. The first essay is a long essay on Poverty In India of 400-500 words. This long essay about Poverty In India is suitable for students of class 7, 8, 9 and 10, and also for competitive exam aspirants. The second essay is a short essay on Poverty In India of 150-200 words. These are suitable for students and children in class 6 and below.

You can read more  Essay Writing  about articles, events, people, sports, technology many more.

Long Essay on Poverty In India 600 Words in English

Below we have given a long essay on Poverty In India of 500 words is helpful for classes 7, 8, 9 and 10 and Competitive Exam Aspirants. This long essay on the topic is suitable for students of class 7 to class 10, and also for competitive exam aspirants.

“Poverty” is the worst form of violence”, said Mahatma Gandhi. Over the years, poverty has proved to be the biggest hurdle in the way of success of India’s development. Poverty is that condition in which a person fails to not only fulfil his basic physiological needs, but also fails to protect himself from diseases, get balanced nutrition, maintain good health etc.

In simple terms, a person in order to survive should have proper food, clothing, shelter, health care and education. Thus, poverty refers to a person failing to acquire these minimum levels of subsistence and in turn suffer from starvation, malnutrition, and diseases.

Poverty has been an inevitable problem since the time immemorial. From late 19 th century through early 20 th century, under British colonial rule, poverty in India intensified, peaking in 1920’s. Over this period, the colonial government, de-industrialised India by reducing garments and other finished products’ manufacturing by artisans in India.

They instead imported these from Britain. These colonial policies moved unemployed artisans into farming and transformed India as a region increasingly abundant in land, unskilled labour and low productivity, capital and knowledge. Moreover famines and diseases killed millions each time.

Recently, in 2013, the Indian Government stated 21.9% of its population is below official poverty limit. In other words, India with 17.5% of world’s total population, had 20.6% share of world’s poorest in 2013. A large proportion of poor people live in rural areas. Poverty is deepest among members of scheduled castes and tribes in the country’s rural areas.

On the map of India, the poorest areas are in parts of Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand, Odisha, Chhattisgarh and West Bengal. In fact, the story of our prolonged poverty and tyranny attached has got so much fame that a , foreign director (Danny Boyle) produced a whole movie on the issue. This movie is Slumdog Millionaire which got worldwide acclamation through Oscar Awards.

Statistics reveals that economic prosperity has indeed been very impressive in India, but it is the distribution of wealth that has been uneven and has caused the grave problem of poverty. Other major causes of poverty are illiteracy along with uncontrolled population growth, unemployment and under-employment, dependence on agriculture, caste system and corruption. The causes of rural poverty are manifold including inadequate and ineffective implementation of anti-poverty programmes.

The over-dependence on monsoon with non-availability of irrigational facilities often results in crop-failure and low agricultural productivity forcing farmers in the debt-traps. The children of poor families are forced to take up jobs at a tender age to fend for their large families, thus are not only deprived of their childhood but education too adding to the illiterate bulk of the country.

Central grants for programmes like Indira Awas Yojana and others, which was aimed at providing housing to the poor, have been utter failures due to lack of proper implementation. Massive transfer of ‘Black Money’ overseas and under-utilisation of foreign aid have also contributed to the deepening of poverty in India. Nelson Mandela once quoted:

“Like Slavery and Apartheid, poverty is not natural. It is man-made and it can be overcome and eradicated by the actions of human beings”.

Interestingly, the incidence of rural poverty has declined somewhat in the past years as a result of rural to urban migration. In order to combat the grave problem of poverty, first and foremost, there should be a strict check on population increase. Creation of employment opportunities, spread of education, elimination of black money, decentralisation of planning, helping women and youth to become self-reliant are some other ways to combat this problem. Empowering the weaker and backward section of society is also expected to contribute to the alleviation of poverty. It is not due to lack of resources or technical assistance that we are failing in achieving our goals but more so due to lack of execution of these plans and programmes.

Short Essay on Poverty In India 300 Words in English

Below we have given a short essay on Poverty In India is for Classes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. This short essay on the topic is suitable for students of class 6 and below.

Since the 1970s, the Indian Government made poverty reduction a priority in its part of planning. Policies focus on improving the poor standard of living by ensuring food security, promoting self-employment through greater access to assets, increasing wage employment and improving access to basic social services. The Indian Government and non-governmental organisations have initiated several newer programmes to alleviate poverty, like increased access to loans, improving agricultural techniques and price supports, and promoting education and family planning. These measures have helped eliminate famines, cut absolute poverty levels by more than half and reduced illiteracy and malnutrition.

The participation of civil society organisations in poverty reduction efforts, especially those directed to women, has increased social awareness and encouraged government to provide better services. These civil society organisations have not only contributed to women’s material well-being; they have also helped to empower them socially and politically.

The problem of poverty persists because of a number of loop holes in the system. The encouragement of non-governmental organisations and private sector individuals in tackling poverty is imperative, as the state cannot do everything alone. Poverty is more of social marginalisation of an individual or group in the society rather than inadequacy of income to fulfil the basic needs. Economic growth will not reduce poverty unless it is inclusive. Poverty alleviation programmers should also address the issue of poverty from broader social and economic perspective. The most recent “Make in India” campaign of Prime Minister Narendra Modi is being foreseen as a sure shot method to eradicate poverty, by giving employment opportunities to the masses.

Poverty In India Essay Word Meanings for Simple Understanding

• subsistence – the action or fact of supporting oneself, especially at a minimal level,
• starvation – hunger, lack of food
• malnutrition – lack of proper nutrition, underfeeding
• immemorial – very old, extending back beyond memory
• intensified – increased, deepen, strengthen,
• tyranny – cruel, harsh, severe
• acclamation – applause, praise
• apartheid – a system of segregation or discrimination on grounds of race
• combat – fight, take action against something, to prevent
• subsidising – pay part of the cost of producing (something) to keep the selling price low
• famines – extreme and general scarcity of food in a large area, shortage of food
• imperative – crucial, commanding, unavoidable

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Essay on Poverty | Poverty Essay for Students and Children in English

February 14, 2024 by Prasanna

Essay on Poverty: As commented by Mahatma Gandhi decades back, ‘Poverty is the worst form of violence’. During recent years, Poverty is the biggest hurdle in an entire way towards India’s development. Poverty is a worse condition in which the person entirely fails to fulfil his/her physiological needs and the need for food and luxurious life. Poverty-stricken people can also have the best facility for fighting against the diseases and get balanced nutrition and proper medical assistance whenever required.

Even since the immemorial times, poverty has been a more comprehensive concerning issue, and it intensified more in India under the British rule, reaching a peak in the 1920s. The essay on poverty contains various facts and details that are important for understanding the students about the concerned agenda.

You can also find more  Essay Writing  articles on events, persons, sports, technology and many more.

Long and Short Essays on Poverty for Students and Kids in English

We provide children and students with essay samples on a long essay of 500 words and a short essay of 150 words on the topic “Poverty” for reference.

Short Essay on Poverty 150 Words in English

Short Essay on Poverty is usually given to classes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6.

Poverty is the lack of food, clothing, proper shelter, medicine, education, and other essential elements for better survival in the World. It is also the assurance of having equal human rights. Poverty is a worse situation that forces people to starve without proper shelter, clothing, ethical rights, and educational assistance.

Several reasons lead to poverty in any country. Even though there are several solutions to avoid the poverty attack, the lack of proper unity among a country’s residents for following the answers leads to the issues. This is another primary reason why the poverty rate is rapidly rising with each passing day.

The spread of the epidemic diseases also leads to the rising rate of poverty in any country. This is because most poor people cannot maintain their health status and get appropriate medical aid in such situations. Poverty is the adverse situation that makes the people unable to go to the service assurers for their needs, and go even more towards the diseases and illness due to unclean and unhygienic food and water and living in unhealthy situations.

It is the effect that makes people powerless and risks their freedom. This is because a poverty-stricken person might enter the vicious circle of slavery. But, this is an inescapable issue, and thus the person who is stuck in it has to live with it. Poverty is an adverse human situation that brings grief, pain, and despair in individuals’ lives. It is the lack of money and necessities for living luxuriously and adequately with access to all the essential elements. This is an adverse situation that might also make a child unable to enter the school and study during childhood, and this is also the reason behind worse social issues like child labour and slavery.

Poverty means the shortage of money for arranging even the perfect two times meal and have a healthy nutritious diet. Such people do not have enough money to afford the essentials for living a perfect and healthy human life. Thus, there are several ways available that one can use for defining poverty.

Poverty is the most common social issue in the underdeveloped or developing nations, like India and Africa. These nations have a higher poverty rate than the developed countries across the World. This is because a significant segment of people in these countries do not have access to better-earning opportunities and income and cannot meet the basic needs of life. A more substantial segment of these nations’ population is illiterate, stays hungry, and lives without a home and proper clothes.

Poverty is also the primary reason that hinders the country’s economic, social, and political growth. Poor people do not have enough money to satisfy all their needs and lives the entire life without access to many facilities, including even a two-day meal and clean drinking water. Poor people are thus forced to enter into wrong paths and do crimes for earning their living. There are several reasons for poverty in a nation, and for India, it was mainly the British rule, slavery conditions, and rising epidemic illness rates. Children from low-income families do not even get access to education and facility to have proper schooling and medical aids. Many of them are not even aware of the modern advancements that the comparatively more prosperous people have access to.

Long Essay on Poverty 500 Words in English

Long Essay on Poverty is usually given to classes 7, 8, 9, and 10.

Poverty is a worse situation that represents poor quality of life, rising illiteracy and malnutrition, lack of basic and essential elements of living, lower development of the human resource, and others. This is a more significant challenge, significantly hindering the growth of the developing nations, like India. Poverty is the phenomenon in which a segment of society does not have access to meeting the basic needs of life and have a healthier life. The experts also observe that poverty level is still declining since India’s last five years (reaching 26.1% in 1999-2000 to 35.97% in 1993-1994)

Poverty in India has also declined at the state level rapidly. In Madhya Pradesh, the poverty rate fell from 43.42% to 37.43%. Not only this, but in other states like UP, and Orissa too, the poverty rate has gone downwards. However, even though there is a downfall in the country’s poverty rate, to eradicate it from the routes, we must make use of some effective programs with combined efforts of Government. It is necessary for the Government of the country to formulate effective strategies for developing a socially poor sector of the society using the critical components like population control measures, and primary education made compulsory, employment generation, and others.

Several issues arise due to a higher poverty rate. Illiteracy increases with poverty as people cannot access proper education and get learning resources due to lack of money. Poverty also leads to rising malnutrition as poor people are unable to afford a proper two-time meal and get a nutritious diet to stay healthy. In turn, this leads to increasing illness and diseases that also remains uncured because of lack of medical aid. Due to poverty, families have lower income that is unable to meet their needs, and thus the children are also forced into child labour to meet the demands.

Unemployment is a significant cause of poverty as it leads to a shortage of money and affects the daily lives of the people. It also forces people to work against their will in harmful conditions. Poverty leads to social stress due to inequality in income between the rich and the poor. This also creates a worse issue for people as they have to stay out of their homes on roadways, sidewalks, open spaces, and without any shelter. Poverty is a worse issue that affects people from all the demographics and age group in adverse ways, causing severe losses and stress for them. This is a concerning factor, and only the Government of a nation can come up with practical ways to reduce the poverty rate.

Poverty is an adverse condition in which the people are left without shelter in a depriving state for basic necessities like food, water, clothes, etc. India has a higher poverty rate. A more significant segment of the entire population cannot afford even the two-time meals properly, have to sleep on the roadsides, wear dirty clothes, drink unclean water, and live in unhealthy and unhygienic conditions. Poor people lack access to proper and healthy nutrition, medical aid, educational assistance, and other essential services to better their lives and the lives of their children.

In urban India, poverty is rapidly rising due to the rise in urban population as people from many rural areas are shifting towards the urban ones. As people move in search of employment and a better lifestyle, but lack of employment opportunities forces them into a financially unstable situation where sometimes they are even forced to work under harmful and unpleasing conditions. In India, more than eight crore people’s income is still lower than the poverty line, and 4.5 crore urban people stand at the verge of the poverty level. A more significant number of urban people stays in the slums, and most of them are illiterates.

Despite many initiatives of Government and NGOs, there is still no satisfying effect regarding the lowering of the poverty level. Several reasons lead to poverty like one of India’s significant cause for poverty is the rising population, poor agriculture, lack of employment opportunities, corruption, a wider gap between poor and rich, epidemic diseases, and many more. A more significant per cent of the Indian population depends on the agriculture sector, which is getting poor rapidly. People also face a shortage of food due to poor agriculture and unemployment.

Furthermore, as there is no limitation on having children after marriage, the rising population also leads to poverty. There are more stomachs to feed, and the income cannot satisfy the same for many families. Furthermore, as the basic facilities are not available adequately, many people get poverty-stricken. With this, the poor become extra poor and richer ones get extra rich, widening the gap between both the segments.

Poverty leads to severe impacts ion the entire society and adversely affects the lives of the people. Poverty leads to illiteracy, lack of proper diet and nutrition, child labour, poor lifestyle and lousy sanitization, and other adverse effects. People are often unable even to get a proper two-time meal and clean drinking water, and due to lack of a healthy diet, the children are mostly malnutrition. Children are unable to study and get appropriate education, and thus the cycle of poverty continues in the families for generations. This eventually hinders the overall development of the nation.

For controlling poverty, there are specific measures that we can take to solve the issue for ensuring a better lifestyle for all the people staying on the planet. There are specific effective measures like farmers must receive proper and necessary access to facilities for better agriculture. The illiterate people must get adequate access to education and training to understand several aspects of a better life. People must be given training for family planning and sex education for population control. Every child must go to school, and there must also be new employment opportunities for all type of people.

Poverty Essay Conclusion

Poverty is not an individual-level problem, but it is a broader issue for the entire nation and the planet. This is a significant threat to human resource development and must be taken care of on a priority basis. People must consider essential and effective measures to control the poverty rate. We must combined work to eradicate all the loopholes in the government systems and encourage the organizations which work to handle the poverty crisis.

The article contains an essay on poverty to satisfy various students’ educational and academic requirements from different classes. This is a concerning factor. The students must understand the issue sufficiently to eradicate the problem and ensure a better and developed lifestyle for all the people Worldwide.

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Poverty Anywhere is a Threat to Prosperity Everywhere

• 24 Apr 2024
• 12 min read

Poverty is the Parent of Revolution and Crime.  

 —Aristotle.  

In our interconnected world shaped by technology, trade, and communication, the assertion   

that "Poverty in any corner poses a danger to prosperity everywhere" carries significant resonance. Despite poverty often appearing as a localized concern, its impact extends far beyond borders, influencing economies, social frameworks, and the overall welfare of humanity on a global scale.

The International Labour Organization (ILO) even has this principle enshrined in their Declaration of Philadelphia. While prosperity might evoke images of flourishing economies and a comfortable standard of living, it cannot exist in isolation from the realities of global poverty.  

One of the most direct threats poverty poses is to global economic stability. Impoverished regions often lack the resources to invest in infrastructure, education, and healthcare. This creates a cycle of limited economic opportunities, hindering their ability to participate effectively in the global market. Furthermore, widespread poverty translates to a diminished consumer base, impacting the profitability of businesses in prosperous nations that rely on exports.  

Poverty encompasses more than just a lack of material resources; it encompasses inadequate access to education, healthcare, sanitation, and opportunities for economic advancement. The World Bank defines extreme poverty as living on less than USD 2.15 USD/day , but poverty's dimensions extend beyond income thresholds to encompass multidimensional factors like education, health, and social exclusion. According to the NITI Aayog, the poverty line is set at 1,286 rupees per month for urban areas and 1,059.42 rupees per month for rural areas.  

At the local level, poverty manifests in various forms, including hunger, inadequate housing, and limited access to education and healthcare. In impoverished communities, individuals face heightened vulnerability to diseases, malnutrition, and exploitation. Children from poor households often lack access to quality education , perpetuating cycles of poverty across generations. Moreover, poverty can breed social unrest and crime, further destabilizing communities and hindering economic growth.  

Poverty takes a significant toll on economic development , both domestically and globally. In economically disadvantaged regions, productivity losses due to illness, malnutrition , and lack of education diminish human capital, hindering economic growth potential .   

Moreover, poverty restricts market opportunities and consumer spending, stifling demand and hindering economic expansion. In the global context, poverty undermines international trade and investment, contributing to economic disparities between nations and impeding efforts toward global economic integration.  

In a local slum , families may be forced to live in overcrowded, unsanitary housing with limited access to clean water and proper sanitation. This can lead to the spread of diseases and exacerbate existing health problems.  The high cost of rent might force multiple families to share a single unit, limiting privacy and hindering hygiene. For example, Dharavi serves as a stark reminder of the living conditions faced by many families in slums worldwide. Overcrowding, inadequate sanitation, and limited resources continue to be pressing issues that need attention and solutions. Efforts to improve living conditions and provide better opportunities for slum dwellers are crucial for creating a more equitable society.   

The social consequences of poverty are profound and far-reaching. Poverty exacerbates social inequalities, marginalizing vulnerable groups and perpetuating cycles of deprivation. Moreover, poverty undermines social cohesion and stability , fueling resentment and discord within communities. In extreme cases, poverty can give rise to social unrest, conflict, and mass migration, with implications for regional stability and global security. For example, Afghanistan faces a severe humanitarian crisis and poverty, with nearly 28.8 million people in urgent need of support. The economic collapse, exacerbated by decades, has left millions of Afghans struggling against poverty and to meet their basic needs. Food insecurity is a critical issue, with 17.2 million people facing crisis or worse levels of food insecurity.  

A 2019 study by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) found a strong correlation between poverty, inequality, and violent conflict. This instability disrupts economies, hinders investment, and forces people to flee their homes, creating a refugee crisis that further burdens developed nations. For example, the Syrian Civil War, fueled in part by poverty and social inequality, led to a mass exodus of refugees to Europe, placing a strain on social services and security forces in host countries.  

Access to healthcare is a fundamental human right, yet poverty often deprives individuals of this essential service. In impoverished communities, limited access to healthcare facilities, medications, and trained healthcare professionals exacerbates health disparities and increases the prevalence of preventable diseases. Furthermore, poverty undermines public health interventions, hindering efforts to combat infectious diseases and promote maternal and child health. In many rural areas of Sub-Saharan Africa , poverty limits access to healthcare facilities. These regions often lack well-equipped clinics, hospitals, and trained medical professionals.  

Rural communities in India face a severe shortage of access to healthcare services. Public spending on healthcare is limited, and private healthcare primarily serves urban areas. Those in rural areas often travel long distances (up to 100 km) to access healthcare services. India suffers from a significant lack of qualified medical personnel in rural areas. The absence of efficient public health systems exacerbates the problem. High rates of poverty hinder access to healthcare. Nearly 90% of the population is not covered by insurance, and most costs are paid out of pocket or through loans. Rural areas experience disparities in health indicators due to poverty, including high rates of infant mortality, malnutrition, maternal mortality, low vaccination rates, and low life expectancy.   

Poverty creates a ripple effect that impacts many aspects of life, including education. Children from low-income families may not be able to afford good school, uniforms, or transportation, expenditure even if public education is free. This can prevent them from enrolling or fully participating in school.  

This lack of resources can hinder a child's ability to learn and keep them from achieving their full potential. It can also perpetuate the cycle of poverty, as children who don't receive a quality education may have fewer job opportunities later in life.  

Poverty and environmental degradation are closely intertwined, forming a vicious cycle of deprivation and ecological decline. Impoverished communities often rely on natural resources for their livelihoods, leading to overexploitation and environmental degradation. Moreover, inadequate infrastructure and sanitation facilities contribute to pollution and environmental health hazards, further exacerbating the burden on vulnerable populations.   

India's forests are under immense pressure due to deforestation driven by various factors, including agricultural expansion, logging, and infrastructure development. Tribal communities, often among the poorest in India, rely heavily on forests for their livelihoods, including for fuelwood, food, and medicinal plants. As forests shrink, these communities face increased poverty and loss of traditional knowledge , leading to a vicious cycle of deprivation and ecological decline. The struggle for survival can sometimes force them into unsustainable practices like illegal logging or encroachment on protected areas, further exacerbating environmental degradation.  

In an increasingly interconnected world, the impacts of poverty transcend national borders, reverberating across continents through trade, migration, and communication networks. Globalization has intensified economic interdependence, making prosperity contingent on the well-being of nations at all levels of development. Economic downturns in one region can have cascading effects on global markets, highlighting the interconnected nature of modern economies.  

Addressing poverty requires concerted efforts at the local, national, and international levels. International cooperation is essential for mobilizing resources, sharing expertise, and implementing effective poverty alleviation strategies . Initiatives like the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) provide a framework for collective action, aiming to eradicate poverty and promote shared prosperity by 2030. Moreover, international aid and development assistance play a crucial role in supporting impoverished communities and building resilient societies.  

Effective poverty alleviation strategies empower communities to become agents of change in their own development. Empowering marginalized groups, including women, indigenous peoples, and rural populations, is crucial for fostering inclusive growth and sustainable development. By investing in education, healthcare, and livelihood opportunities, communities can break free from the cycle of poverty and contribute to broader economic and social progress.  

"Poverty anywhere is a threat to prosperity everywhere" encapsulates the profound interconnectedness of global societies and economies. Poverty undermines human dignity, economic progress, and social cohesion, posing a threat to prosperity at both local and global levels. Addressing poverty requires holistic approaches that tackle its multidimensional manifestations, from economic deprivation to social exclusion and environmental degradation. By prioritizing poverty alleviation and fostering international cooperation, we can build a more equitable and prosperous world for all. As global citizens, we must recognize our shared responsibility in combating poverty and promoting sustainable development for future generations.   

Poverty is the Worst form of Violence.  

 —Mahatma Gandhi  

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• Poverty Essay for Students in English

Essay on Poverty

Poverty is a disease that has no cure. The deeper this disease is, the deeper its wound. By the way, man lives under compulsion. But usually one wants to avoid it. Poverty is a condition of extreme poverty for any person or human being. This is a situation when a person starts to lack important things in his life such as the roof, necessary food, clothes, medicines, etc. to continue his life.

The causes of poverty are excessive population, fatal and contagious diseases, natural disasters, low agricultural yields, unemployment, casteism, illiteracy, gender inequality, environmental problems, changing trends in the economy of the country, untouchability, little or limited access to people's rights, Problems such as political violence, sponsored crime, corruption, lack of encouragement, inaction, ancient social beliefs, etc. have to be faced.

Poverty has become a big problem of the world, efforts are being made across the world today to remove poverty, but the problem is that it does not take the name of ending. This problem affects a human's economic and daily life. Poverty teaches man to live like a slave in which he has to change the place over time, in this situation due to the lack of education of the poor, his nature and speech also make a difference. Living in a world of poor people has become a curse. Getting enough money to get food is like getting relief from a curse for the poor, that's why they do not have access to education.

Reasons of Poverty

There are many reasons that have continued with carrying it for a long time. Because of this,  freedom, mental and physical fitness, and lack of security in a person remains. It is very important that in order to live a normal life, the country and the whole world will have to work together to bring proper physical and mental health, complete education, a home for everyone, and other important things.

In today's time, there is the problem of poverty which gives all the pain, pain, and despair to the poor. Due to the lack of money from poverty, I show the lack of many things. Poverty makes children spend life in compulsion. If forced to make bread, sometimes in bringing children's books. At that time he is also unable to raise children.

We can tell poverty in many ways like it has become a common thing in India. Most of the people here are unable to get the things they need. Here a vast section of the population is illiterate, hungry, and forced to live without clothes and a home. About half of India's population suffers from this epidemic of poverty.

A poor person lives his life without possession of basic things like food for two times, clean water, house, clothes, proper education, etc. There are many reasons for poverty in India. Incorrect distribution of national income is also a reason. People in the low-income group are much poorer than those in the high-income group. Children of poor families never get proper education, nutrition, and a happy childhood environment. The main cause of poverty is illiteracy, corruption, growing population, weak agriculture, the growing gap between rich and poverty, etc.

Measures to Control Poverty

Corruption has to be erased.

Unemployed will have to give proper employment

A growing population will have to be stopped

Farmers have to be given proper facilities for farming

Education should be provided to children for proper education

Poverty is not just a human problem but it is a national problem. It should be solved by implementing some effective methods on a quick basis. Every person should be united by ending corruption. A problem has been created in which he does not get even the basics. That is why at present, many measures are being taken to prevent poverty so that the standard of living of people around the world can be improved.

Short Essays on Poverty

Poverty is akin to being a slave, as a person cannot achieve anything he desires. It has various faces that alter depending on who you are, where you are, and when. It can be defined in various ways depending on how a person feels or experiences it.

Poverty is a state that no one wants to be in, but it must be removed owing to cultural norms, natural disasters, or a lack of adequate education. The individual who is experiencing it frequently wishes to flee. Poverty is a call for poor people to earn enough money to eat, have access to education, have adequate shelter, dress appropriately, and take steps to protect themselves from social and political violence.

It's a problem that goes unnoticed yet significantly impacts a person's social life. Poverty is an entirely avoidable problem, but there are various reasons why it has persisted in the past.

Poverty robs people of their freedom, mental health, physical well-being, and security. Everyone must strive to eradicate poverty from the country and the world, ensuring appropriate physical and mental health, full literacy, a home for all, and other necessities for living a simple life.

When a person cannot do anything according to his will, he is said to be in poverty. Many different faces alter depending on who you are, where you are, and time. It can be characterized in a variety of ways, depending on how the person feels or what they have achieved. Poverty is a circumstance that no one wants to be in, even if it is forced upon them due to a lack of experience, nature, natural disasters, or a lack of suitable education. Humans have won it, but they prefer to stay away from it. Poverty is a call for needed clothing and protection against social and political violence for the poor to earn enough money to buy food, receive an education, and find a suitable place to live.

This is an unseen problem that harms a person's social life. Even though numerous factors have contributed to its long-term persistence, poverty is a perfectly preventable problem. As a result, a person's freedom, mental and physical well-being, and sense of security are all compromised. It is critical to bring poverty and poverty from worldwide to work together to live everyday life, provide adequate physical and mental health, complete education, a home for everyone, and other essential things.

FAQs on Poverty Essay for Students in English

1. What are the Effects of Poverty?

When people are not able to afford their basic necessities. For example medications and hospital fees are impossible to afford for that means they choose crook ways of obtaining money i.e. stealing, robbery, etc.  

2. What are the Possible Ways to Remove Poverty?

Since India is a developing country, eliminating poverty here is much tougher than in other countries but still some measures can be taken and government assistance would be much helpful in this step which requires some relevant planning and policies for those who fall under the poverty line. Another major factor of poverty is illiteracy and unemployment. Therefore education is the most efficient tool to confine the poverty line in the country. 

3. What is the Poverty Line?

The Below Poverty Line (BPL) signifies the state of people who fall under poverty status. It also symbolizes an economic drawback. In addition, it is used for people who are in need of help and assistance from the government.

4. What are the causes of poverty?

Poverty has several causes, including a lack of access to essentials such as water, food, shelter, education, and healthcare. Poverty is also caused by inequities such as gender or ethnic discrimination, bad governance, conflict, exploitation, and domestic violence. These disparities not only cause a person or a society to fall into poverty, but they can also prevent people from receiving social assistance that could help them get out of it. Due to political upheaval, past or present conflict, corrupt authorities, and lousy infrastructure that restricts access to education, clean water, healthcare, and other essentials, children and communities in fragile states confront greater poverty rates.

5. What can we do to put an end to extreme poverty?

We can aid in the eradication of extreme poverty by determining what causes it in a particular community and then determining what needs to change. Because poverty manifests itself differently in different regions and is caused by different circumstances, the work to end extreme poverty differs depending on the situation. More economic resources are needed to assist people in increasing their income and better providing for themselves and their families. To ensure that poverty does not return, the work must be sustainable, regardless of the solution. As a result, the community must be involved at every stage.

6. What criteria are used to assess poverty?

Each country's government determines poverty levels by conducting home surveys of its citizens. The World Bank, for example, assists and may conduct their surveys, although data collecting is time-consuming and slow. New high-frequency surveys are being created and tested, leveraging estimations and mobile phone technologies. If you want to learn more about these topics, download the Vedantu App that has been specifically designed and curated for students by experts.

7. What is the poverty cycle?

Poverty can be a catch-22 situation. To escape poverty, a person requires access to possibilities such as education, clean water, local medical services, and financial means. Poverty creates a generational cycle if these critical factors are not there. If parents cannot afford to take their children to school, they will struggle to find work when they grow up. Even natural disasters and conflicts can exacerbate the poverty cycle by bringing more people.

8. What are the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)?

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are a set of goals for countries worldwide to work together in a global partnership for the benefit of people, the environment, and prosperity. The Sustainable Development Goals aim to abolish extreme poverty for all people everywhere by 2030 and to reduce the proportion of people living in poverty in all forms by at least half. In September 2015, the United Nations member states accepted this objective as one of 17 to end extreme poverty.

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439 Poverty in India Class 10 Notes English (Handwritten Short & Revision Notes)

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Look around you. Do you see beggars on the streets? What about rickshaw-pullers fighting with a customer for an extra ten rupees? Do you hear news of crimes and drug abuse even by children? Poverty in India is the cause and also a consequence of all the above problems.

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Poverty in india.

22% of the total population in India (around 270 crores) live in poverty. “What exactly is poverty?”, you may ask. Poverty means living in conditions of where a person doesn’t have basic needs like proper food, water or shelter.

Measurement of Poverty

This is tricky, as different places have different understandings of poverty at different times. For example, a poor person in the USA could be one who doesn’t own a car. But in India, having a car is a luxury only some can dream of. Thus, measuring several aspects of one’s nutrition and income determines poverty in India.

Therefore, in India, an urban dweller should have at least 2100 calories and a rural dweller, at least 2400 calories per day. There is a difference, as the physical work done in rural areas is more energy consuming than in urban areas.

Additionally, earning a minimum of 32 rupees in urban areas and 26 rupees in rural areas, per day, determines the “Below Poverty Line” criteria. The minimum income is higher in urban areas, as it is more costly to live in towns than villages.

There is also an international standard by The World Bank, where people are living in poverty if they earn less than $1.90 (almost 140 rupees) per day! This is a much higher standard than that of India’s way of measurement.

Causes of Poverty in India

There are multiple things that cause poverty. However, in India, the first major factor was the exploitative British colonial rule. Throughout the process of colonising India, the British plundered the wealth of India, by taking away raw materials for cheap and selling it back to India at very high prices. This led to the shut down of indigenous factories and mills in India and India became heavily economically dependent.

Even after they left, India was plagued with illiterate masses and a huge population. In rural areas, there was a huge problem of lack of land resources, per person as the population was in excess. These led to almost no economic growth till the 1980s. Even today, there are many schemes for anti-poverty but poverty is still a problem due to the lack of implementation of these schemes.

Multidimensional Consequences of Poverty

Poverty also has other several dimensions. When you get sick, your mother can take you to the hospital and buy medicines. But what do you think people who earn 50 rupees per day do for their family? You can dream of becoming a doctor or designer, but what about children who wake up worrying about if they will eat that day? Thus, poverty is also a condition where the very poor don’t have access to health care, education, employment, safety and other facilities.

What is the Government doing?

The government has come up with various schemes to reduce poverty. Two of the important ones are-

• Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme : This scheme is for employment. It guarantees 100 days of wage labour to rural dwellers.
• PMRY (Pradhan Mantri Rozgar Yojna) Scheme : This is also an employment scheme for literate people in urban and rural areas, where they can generate ways of self- employment.

At the closing of this article, we have learnt about what exactly poverty in India means. Understanding the causes and consequences of it can better equip us to fight this and lead India towards a path of development.

Solved Question for You

What is the current minimum income for a person to be considered be the ow poverty line?

Answer: It is earning below 32 rupees in urban areas and 26 rupees in rural areas of India.

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Poverty in India Essay for School Students in English [Easy Words]

January 13, 2021 by Sandeep

Essay on Poverty in India: People who are unable to satisfy basic necessities of life like food, water, shelter and education are considered unprivileged and face poverty. They may not be able to afford even a single square meal for their families. They are deprived of healthy and nutritious food. Population increase, migration to cities and rampant unemployment are some of the reasons for growing poverty in India. Increasing literacy and providing sustainable living conditions for the poor can curtail poverty.

Essay on Poverty in India 500 Words in English

We have provided Poverty in India Essay in English, suitable for class 6, 7, 8, 9 & 10. This essay is useful for UPSC aspirants too!

India is the world’s largest democracy and fastest-growing economy. It is one of the chief developing nations with an international level of influence. Yet, it is still viewed as a poor man’s country. This is because a large population of our country is still living below the poverty line. Even after almost seventy-two years of independence, poverty has plagued our nation. Our Union, as well as State governments, have collaborated with many private and public sector institutions. Together they have been able to roll out successful schemes to keep their citizens satisfied.

They are trying their best to provide us with our daily requirements. Yet this task has not helped remove poverty at all. The situation of poverty in India cannot be solved by judging it by its face value. It is essential to understand the nature of polity in India through a historical context. That way, we would be able to find reforms that can be implemented to curb this social evil.

Origin of Poverty in India

From the earliest kingdoms to the Mughal era, India has always had a rich history. Historians had given the Indian sub-continent the title ‘Golden Bird’. The vast reserves of gold and resources were the major indicators of a prospering economy during that era. Over time, invaders plundered these resources, and the economical health of this golden bird rapidly deteriorated. The most significant damage was done by the colonials. They entered our land as traders but slowly established their monopoly over various regions and services, and the entire sub-continent was then in their control.

Around the 19th and the 20th century, poverty bloomed under the British Raj. Industrial expansion and agricultural exports were increasing day by day. Farming was forced upon every labourer in India even when they were not farmers by profession. Though employment existed in the form of farming, farmers were being underpaid. While Nawabs and Maharajas enjoyed wealth and privileges, most of these workers could not even buy one proper meal a day. By 1943, poverty had reached a point where millions of people died of starvation, disease, and destitution (during the Bengal famine). Sir Antony MacDonnell, a civil servant of British India, quoted in the 1900’s “people died like flies”.

Poverty in Free India

Post-independence, India was divided into two different countries. This caused an inflow of refugees along the western border. This further aggravated the condition of poverty prevailing in the nation, according to B.S. Minhas, an economist, about 65% of the Indian population was living in poverty during the 1950’s. In the 1960’s, a new poverty line was set for the country to be at ₹ 20 a month. The estimated percentage of the population below this line was found to be 44%. The following decades noticed the common man’s frustration about the nation’s poor economic condition.

Slogans like ‘Garibi Hatao’ were being raised, and people were desperate to improve society’s condition. Over the years, many committees redefined the poverty line as per the changing dynamics of the Indian economy. At present, as per the World Bank estimates, 5.4% of our population is still suffering from extreme poverty. The figures have improved since the last century. Poverty can only be abolished if the developmental schemes keep evolving according to the country’s needs.

Causes of Poverty in India

Many factors directly contribute to the continual rise of poverty in India. To address and solve them, we need first to identify these factors. Here we have listed down some of these causes:

• Demography of a country plays a vital role in its state of poverty. Rural areas have larger families who owe to a lower per capita income. Ultimately, this results in a low standard of living.
• The increasing urban population has raised the rate of poverty in our country. The migration of rural people to urban areas has diluted out the wages. People eventually get closer to the poverty line.
• One of the major economic causes includes the surge in unemployment. The survey reports of 2015 say that 77% of Indian families lack a regular source of income.
• India is marked for its unequal distribution of assets. These assets and shares are disproportionately distributed among masses having different economic levels. 20 % of our population is reaping the seeds of 80 % of the total wealth.
• Maximum economic value cannot be attained when we have an abundance of the unskilled labour force in our country. Moreover, the caste system has caused marginalization and discrimination of specific portions of our society. Some places still exist where lower caste people are treated as untouchables.
• Besides, corruption is one of the leading causes of poverty. The poor are being neglected, whereas the wealthy can bribe their way to get their jobs done.

Effects of Poverty in India

The effects of poverty are far-fetched. One of its most disturbing effects includes the overall health conditions. Poor people are often malnourished. Children are devoid of a balanced and nutritious diet. Their poor immune system makes them prone to several ailments. Poverty makes them susceptible to anaemia, impaired vision, cardiac issues, etc. This is why 38 out of every 1000 infants die before turning 1.

India’s economy is correlated to its poverty rate. Poverty determines the possibility of rendering adequate amenities to our society’s underprivileged people. A poverty-ridden society is vulnerable to violence and crimes. Poor people indulge in criminal activities to feed themselves. Apart from that, homelessness is a typical outcome of poverty. This risks the safety of women and promotes child labour. It also increases terrorism.

Solutions for Eradicating Poverty in India

The following measures will help us fight against poverty in India:

• Increasing employment opportunities in India is a beneficial option.
• Farmers must be provided with proper agricultural resources. It will help them make a profit and will control their migration to urban regions (in search of jobs).
• Growing population must be checked. Schemes promoting birth control must be implemented.
• The Government must invest in the poverty-stricken states of India.
• Free education and healthcare units must be set up.
• Public Distribution System must be effective in its duty. People below the poverty line must be able to access free food and fresh water.
• Illiterate labourers must be provided with skill-based training so that they can make a better living out of it.

Essay on Poverty and Unemployment in India

Students are often asked to write an essay on Poverty and Unemployment in India in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

Let’s take a look…

100 Words Essay on Poverty and Unemployment in India

Introduction.

India, a country with a rich culture and history, faces significant challenges. Two of the most critical are poverty and unemployment.

Poverty in India

Poverty is a widespread issue in India. Despite economic growth, many people live below the poverty line, struggling to meet basic needs.

Unemployment in India

Unemployment is another major issue. Many individuals, particularly the youth, are unable to find jobs, leading to economic instability.

Connection between Poverty and Unemployment

Poverty and unemployment in India are interconnected. Unemployment leads to poverty, and poverty, in turn, hampers the ability to find or create jobs.

250 Words Essay on Poverty and Unemployment in India

India, a country with a rich cultural heritage and diverse economy, faces significant challenges in poverty and unemployment. These two issues are intertwined, each feeding into the other, creating a vicious cycle that is difficult to break.

Poverty in India is a multifaceted issue. Despite India’s impressive economic growth, a significant portion of the population still lives below the poverty line. The World Bank reports that 22% of India’s population lives below the international poverty line of $1.90 per day. The poor lack access to basic needs such as food, shelter, and healthcare, which hampers their ability to break out of the poverty cycle.

Unemployment is another critical issue plaguing India. The Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy (CMIE) reported an unemployment rate of 7.11% in December 2020. The lack of job opportunities, coupled with a rapidly growing population, exacerbates the issue. The absence of stable income sources pushes families into poverty, thereby increasing the poverty rate.

The Interconnection

Poverty and unemployment are intrinsically linked. Unemployment leads to a lack of income, pushing people into poverty. Conversely, poverty can lead to unemployment as those in poverty often lack the resources to gain the necessary skills or education for employment.

Addressing poverty and unemployment in India requires a multifaceted approach. This includes improving access to education, creating more job opportunities, and implementing social safety nets for the most vulnerable. Only through a comprehensive strategy can India hope to break the cycle of poverty and unemployment.

500 Words Essay on Poverty and Unemployment in India

Despite the economic growth India has witnessed over the past few decades, poverty remains a pervasive issue. According to the World Bank, around 22% of India’s population lives below the poverty line. The reasons for such extensive poverty are manifold.

The country’s vast population exacerbates its poverty problem. With limited resources and high population density, it becomes challenging to provide adequate facilities to everyone. Furthermore, the unequal distribution of wealth is a significant contributor. The rich continue to amass wealth, while the poor struggle to meet their basic needs.

Unemployment, closely linked with poverty, is another pressing issue. The Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy (CMIE) reported that the unemployment rate in India was 7.11% in 2020. The problem is not just the lack of jobs, but also the quality of jobs available. A significant portion of the employed population is engaged in low-paying jobs, often in the informal sector, without any job security or benefits.

The education system plays a role in the unemployment issue. Despite having a large number of graduates every year, many are not employable due to a gap in skills and industry requirements. The rapid advancement in technology also threatens job security, as automation may render many traditional jobs obsolete.

Combating Poverty and Unemployment

Investing in rural infrastructure can alleviate rural poverty. Providing access to quality healthcare, education, and creating job opportunities in rural areas can improve living conditions and reduce poverty.

Social security schemes can offer a safety net for the economically vulnerable population. Direct cash transfers, food security schemes, and pension schemes for the elderly and the disabled can provide immediate relief to those living in poverty.

India’s journey towards becoming a developed nation requires addressing its poverty and unemployment issues. With targeted policies, investments in education and infrastructure, and social security schemes, India can hope to alleviate these problems. The road is long and challenging, but with concerted efforts, a poverty and unemployment-free India is an achievable goal.

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Poverty in India Essay for Students and Childern

Poverty in India Essay: Poverty is when you lack basic necessities like food, shelter, and clothing. Check Poverty in India Essay in 800, 500 and 250 words

October 10, 2023

Table of Contents

Poverty in India Essay: Poverty means not having enough money to afford basic things like a home, healthcare, and education. It’s a tough situation where people struggle to meet their basic needs because they lack money. This essay explains what poverty is, why it happens, and what is being done to fight it in India. It’s helpful for students who want to write good essays and do well in exams.

Poverty in India Essay 800 Words

Below we are covering Poverty in India Essay in 800 Words.

Poverty is the condition where a person lacks enough money to meet their basic needs, such as food and shelter. In India, poverty is becoming more widespread, particularly in urban areas due to the increasing population. Many people live on the brink of poverty, especially in rural regions, where there are numerous uneducated and unemployed individuals.

People in poverty struggle to afford proper food and often have no homes, forcing them to sleep on streets or sidewalks. This situation leads to a growing demand for food, money, and shelter, but unfortunately, poverty continues to increase due to the scarcity of these resources. This wealth gap between the rich and the poor widens, making it challenging to reduce poverty. The consequences of poverty are numerous and include inadequate housing, illiteracy, a rise in child labor and unemployment, and poor hygiene.

Because of these challenges, impoverished individuals cannot afford nutritious meals, decent clothing, or a quality education simply because they lack the necessary funds.

Understanding Poverty in India

Poverty in India is a complex issue with various dimensions. It is not merely about inadequate income but encompasses a lack of access to basic necessities such as food, clean water, education, healthcare, and sanitation. The Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) developed by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) highlights the multi-dimensional nature of poverty in India.

Causes of Poverty

India’s population growth, while considered a demographic dividend in certain aspects, has placed substantial pressure on the country’s resources and infrastructure, creating formidable challenges in ensuring adequate provisions for all its citizens. Economic inequality exacerbates the issue, with a considerable portion of the population enjoying substantial economic prosperity while a significant majority grapples with financial instability.

Moreover, the prevalence of unemployment and underemployment, particularly in the informal sector, exacerbates poverty levels by limiting income-earning opportunities for a substantial portion of the population. Additionally, the scarcity of accessible quality education further perpetuates the cycle of poverty, as it constrains individuals’ capacity to secure well-paying jobs and break free from the clutches of economic hardship.

Inadequate healthcare infrastructure and a lack of affordable healthcare services compound these issues, contributing to the persistence of poverty, as health-related problems often result in both reduced income and heightened expenses. Furthermore, the pronounced disparities between rural and urban areas, encompassing disparities in infrastructure, educational access, and employment prospects, significantly contribute to the prevalence of poverty in rural regions, deepening the rural-urban divide and amplifying socioeconomic disparities across the nation.

The Problems Poverty Creates

Malnutrition is a pressing concern intricately linked with poverty in India. This dire situation often results in inadequate nutrition, thereby precipitating issues like stunted growth and developmental impediments, with children being especially vulnerable to its detrimental effects.

Furthermore, the adverse impact of poverty is acutely felt in the realm of education, where limited access to quality learning opportunities becomes a pervasive impediment. This restriction not only hampers personal growth but also undermines the potential for professional advancement, perpetuating the cycle of poverty for many individuals.

Moreover, the challenges posed by subpar healthcare infrastructure and unsatisfactory sanitation conditions disproportionately afflict impoverished communities. This unfortunate reality translates into elevated morbidity and mortality rates, compounding the already dire circumstances of those living in poverty.

Additionally, poverty acts as a catalyst for social inequality, further accentuating the divide between the privileged and the marginalized. This growing chasm between the haves and the have-nots not only fosters disparities in wealth and access but also engenders social unrest and instability, posing a formidable challenge to societal harmony.

Furthermore, poverty in India has a regrettably enduring quality, often taking on the form of generational poverty. This means that the limited access to opportunities for improvement faced by one generation frequently extends its grip to the next, creating a cycle of impoverishment that is difficult to break, unless comprehensive measures are undertaken to address its underlying causes.

Also Check – Durga Puja Essay

Solutions to Remove Poverty

Investment in education and skill development initiatives holds the potential to empower individuals, equipping them with the knowledge and capabilities needed to access improved employment prospects and elevate their socioeconomic status.

Moreover, the government’s commitment to job creation, particularly in rural regions, through targeted initiatives can play a pivotal role in mitigating the pervasive challenges of unemployment and underemployment, offering hope to those seeking livelihood opportunities.

Furthermore, the expansion of social safety net programs, encompassing essential provisions such as food subsidies, healthcare access, and unemployment benefits, can serve as a critical safety cushion for marginalized and economically vulnerable populations, ameliorating their struggles and enhancing their overall well-being.

In addition, fostering rural development via dedicated efforts geared toward enhancing infrastructure, which includes the provision of clean water and sanitation facilities, can bridge the rural-urban gap by improving living conditions and boosting economic opportunities in traditionally underserved areas.

Similarly, instituting policies that prioritize progressive taxation and advocate for equitable wealth distribution is essential in addressing the issue of economic inequality, effectively reducing the wealth gap and promoting a fairer, more just society.

Lastly, the promotion of women’s empowerment, through the facilitation of educational and employment opportunities, stands as a potent strategy to combat poverty. This approach not only enhances women’s personal and financial autonomy but also contributes significantly to overall poverty reduction efforts.

Poverty in India is a big problem that has been around for a long time, and it causes many problems. To solve it, we need to use different ways and ideas. India has made progress, but we need to keep working hard, have good leadership, and make fair rules to help many people escape poverty and make society fairer. It’s not just the right thing to do; it’s also essential for India’s future growth and peace.

Poverty in India Essay 500 Words

Below we are covering Poverty in India Essay in 500 Words.

Poverty remains a daunting challenge in India, despite its remarkable economic growth. This essay explores the causes, consequences, and potential solutions to poverty in India essay in 500 words.

Causes of Poverty 

Several factors contribute to the persistence of poverty in India. Population growth, often considered a demographic dividend, exerts immense pressure on resources and infrastructure. Economic inequality widens the gap between the rich and poor, while unemployment and underemployment limit income opportunities. Inadequate access to quality education restricts job prospects, especially in rural areas. Additionally, the lack of affordable healthcare services amplifies the financial burden on impoverished individuals. Rural-urban disparities in infrastructure and opportunities further deepen the problem.

Consequences of Poverty 

Poverty in India manifests in various detrimental ways. Malnutrition is a pressing concern, particularly affecting children, leading to stunted growth and developmental challenges. Limited access to quality education hampers personal growth and economic mobility. Subpar healthcare infrastructure and sanitation conditions result in higher morbidity and mortality rates among impoverished communities. Social inequality widens, fostering disparities in wealth and access while fueling social unrest. The intergenerational nature of poverty perpetuates its grip, making it challenging to break free from its cycle.

Solutions to Remove Poverty 

Addressing poverty in India requires a multifaceted approach. Investment in education and skill development initiatives can empower individuals, enabling them to access better job opportunities and improve their socioeconomic status. The government’s commitment to job creation, particularly in rural areas, is vital for alleviating unemployment and underemployment.

Expanding social safety net programs, including food subsidies, healthcare access, and unemployment benefits, serves as a critical safety cushion for marginalized populations. Rural development efforts, including infrastructure improvements, can bridge the rural-urban gap and enhance economic opportunities in underserved areas.

Implementing policies that promote progressive taxation and equitable wealth distribution can reduce economic inequality and foster a fairer society. Additionally, empowering women through education and employment contributes significantly to poverty reduction efforts.

Conclusion 

Poverty in India remains a persistent challenge, but it is not insurmountable. Addressing poverty requires a concerted effort, including investment in education, job creation, social safety nets, rural development, and equitable policies. By tackling poverty comprehensively, India can work toward a fairer and more prosperous future for all its citizens.

Poverty in India Essay 250 Words

Below we are covering Poverty in India Essay in 250 Words.

Poverty is an enduring issue in India, coexisting alongside its economic growth. It signifies the inability to access basic necessities due to financial constraints. This Poverty in India Essay in 250 word covering poverty causes, consequences, and solutions.

Population Growth: Rapid population growth strains resources, making it hard to provide for all.

Economic Inequality: Uneven wealth distribution widens the gap between rich and poor.

Unemployment: High unemployment and underemployment rates limit income opportunities.

Education Gap: Limited access to quality education restricts job prospects, particularly in rural areas.

Healthcare Access: Lack of affordable healthcare leads to reduced income and increased expenses.

R ural-Urban Disparities: Disparities in infrastructure, education, and jobs deepen poverty.

Consequences

Malnutrition: Particularly among children, leading to stunted growth and developmental challenges.

Limited Education: Restricts personal growth and economic mobility.

Health Issues: Subpar healthcare and sanitation lead to higher morbidity and mortality.

Social Inequality: Amplifies wealth and access disparities, potentially leading to social unrest.

Education and Skills: Invest in education and vocational training to enhance employability.

Job Creation: Government-led job initiatives, especially in rural areas, can reduce unemployment.

Social Safety Nets: Expand food subsidies and healthcare access for marginalized populations.

Rural Development: Bridge the rural-urban gap through development and infrastructure investments.

Equitable Policies: Implement progressive taxation and wealth distribution policies.

Women’s Empowerment: Promote women’s education and employment for poverty reduction.

Poverty persists in India despite economic growth. Its causes include population growth, economic inequality, unemployment, limited education, healthcare access, and rural-urban disparities. Consequences range from malnutrition to social inequality. Poverty need not be a permanent feature of India’s landscape, and determined efforts can lead to a brighter and more inclusive future.

Poverty in India Essay FAQs

Poverty in India refers to a condition where individuals lack the financial means to meet basic necessities like food, shelter, education, and healthcare.

Urban poverty in India is increasing due to the rising population in cities, which strains resources and job opportunities, leading to more people living on the brink of poverty.

Consequences of poverty in India include inadequate housing, illiteracy, child labor, unemployment, poor hygiene, malnutrition, and a widening wealth gap.

The MPI, developed by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), measures poverty in India by considering various dimensions, including income, access to food, clean water, education, healthcare, and sanitation.

Causes of poverty in India include population growth, economic inequality, unemployment, limited access to quality education, inadequate healthcare infrastructure, and rural-urban disparities.

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Essay on Poverty in India 

Essay on Poverty in India

What is Poverty? Poverty is defined as the lack of sufficient money to meet basic needs such as food and shelter. Poverty is a situation in which a person is homeless and has very little money. Due to the growing population in urban areas, India’s poverty rate is rising. The most important fact is that huge numbers of people live in poverty, with the majority living on the edge of it. Poverty in India is mostly observed in rural regions due to a large number of uneducated and unemployed people within the growing population.

Many people cannot afford proper food for their daily lives, and because they do not have their own homes, they sleep on streets or footpaths. As a result, more people require more food, money, and shelter, but poverty grows rapidly due to a lack of these resources. This is why the rich become richer and the poor become poorer, making it difficult to bridge the gap. Poverty has several consequences, including poor housing, illiteracy, increased child labor and unemployment, and poor hygiene. As a result, these poor individuals cannot afford a balanced diet, decent clothes, or a good education for the simple reason that they do not have enough money.

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Ways to Reduce Poverty :

Poverty may be reduced by providing sufficient education and facilities to farmers, allowing them to become more profitable and not feel the need to migrate to cities in search of work. Also, uneducated individuals should receive a good education to improve their lives, and family planning is also necessary for getting out of poverty. Poverty in our country dates back to ancient times, when the poor were not given the same privileges as the wealthy, and they were even denied access to religious places. Unemployment, a lack of education, poor resource utilization, corruption, and poor government policy are all major causes of poverty.

In India, poverty is high when compared to other nations due to the poor growth rate of per capita income per person. Due to a lack of career prospects, many individuals work as rickshaw pullers, construction laborers, domestic servants, and other low-wage jobs, which leads them to live in slum areas.

In addition, lack of land resources has been one of the key reasons for poverty in India; even small farmers in our nation are poor since they cultivate but do not receive fair pay in terms of profit, resulting in poverty.

The population of India as a Major Cause of Poverty :

Since the beginning of time, poverty has been an unavoidable problem. Under British colonial authority, poverty in India worsened from the late 19th century through the early 20th century, peaking in the 1920s. During this time, the colonial government de-industrialized India by restricting the production of finished garments and other goods by Indian craftsmen.

From then till recent times, the situation has been quite the same or has even worsened in many places. In 2013, the Indian government reported that 21.9% of the country’s population lived below the official poverty line. In other words, India, which accounted for 17.5% of the world population, had 20.6% of the world’s poorest people in 2013. Rural areas are home to a huge number of poor people. Poverty is more severe among members of scheduled castes and tribes in the country’s rural areas.

Population Trends in India :

India’s population has been rapidly increasing. In 1991, India’s population was around 84.3 crores, with a high rate of poverty; now, our country’s population is around 130 crores, with the population nearly doubling in the last three decades, but not enough has been done to control poverty in our country. As the population grows, so does unemployment, and poverty is just a reflection of unemployment. More capital is necessary for developing industry, providing adequate transportation, and other projects, as a result of which the country’s deficiency is underdeveloped and more people live in poverty. Lack of skilled labor also contributes to poverty since less-skilled workers lack industrial training and education and miss out on opportunities that more skilled workers can avail. Lack of infrastructure means that transportation and communication have not been properly developed, resulting in farmers receiving fertilisers for cultivation late and industries receiving power and raw materials not on time and thus, end products not being properly marketed and reaching customers on time. Hence, to escape poverty, our government must be more serious, and citizens must share equal responsibility.

Conclusion : Remarkably, as a result of rural-to-urban migration, the incidence of rural poverty has fallen steadily. First and foremost, population growth should be strictly controlled to tackle the serious problem of poverty. Other approaches to fight this problem include expanding work possibilities, educating people, eliminating black money, decentralized planning, and assisting women and youth in becoming self-sufficient. Empowering the weaker and most backward sections of society is also expected to help reduce poverty. We are not failing to achieve our goals owing to a lack of resources or technical support, but rather due to a lack of execution of our plans and programs.

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Essay on “The Problem of Poverty” Complete Essay for Class 10, Class 12 and Graduation and other classes.

THE PROBLEM OF POVERTY

Synopsis: the poverty in India is on increase, especially in the villages and countryside. In spite of 50 years of independence there is no perceptible improvement in the quality of life and living standards. Millions and millions suffer from starvation and malnutrition. Official figures about the people living below poverty line are not realiable as they are often manipulated. An objective and scientific methodology in this respect is the need of the hour. Poverty cannot be defined in absolute terms, but those without even basic minimum needs of life are really poor and their number in the country is shocking. Political independence is meaningless without freedom from hunger. Rapidly increasing population has aggravated the situation. Indian remains one of the top countries where children are malnourished and ill-fed. The green revolution has benefited only the rich farmer and affluent people in the society. The poor have been further marginalized here too. Poverty is a curse and root cause of many evils and crimes. Poverty alleviation has been a mere voting-catching device with the political leaders. Poverty amidst plenty is the main problem. A proper balance should be maintained between industrial and agricultural growth and expansion. Many of the Directive Principles enshrined in our Constitution need to be made fundamental rights. Fair distribution of national wealth among its citizens is another factor that should be taken care of.

            The incidence of poverty in India is on increase I spite of recent opening up of the Indian economy, globalization and market oriented economy. The rich are becoming richer and the poor, poorer ad deprived. The rural poverty has increased from 32 per cent to 42 per cent as nothing effective has been done to alleviate poverty and to bridge the gap between the well off and the needy and poor in the villages. Poverty can be seen at its worst in some of the Indian States like Bihar, Orissa, Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh etc. where millions and millions of people suffer from hunger, poverty, malnutrition, ill-health and destitution. Hundreds of them are dying regularly for want to basic minimum needs. There cannot be a more appalling and agonising scene that this. In spite of our 50 years of independence, we have been not been able of provide millions and millions of Indians with barest minimum food to keep their body and soul together, let alone the improvement in the quality of life.

            It is estimated that about half of the Indian population has been living below poverty line. However, official figures show that poverty in India has declined from 36 per cent in 1984-85 to 29.9 percent during 1987-88. These figures cannot be relied upon because they are prepared on the dictate of the political bosses.

            For example, till March 1997, it was estimated that 18.1 per cent of people in India were living below poverty line against 29.9 per cent, during 1987-88. Then this figure was doubled to 39.57 per cent at the full meeting of the Planning Commission held on 10 March, 1997 and presided over by the Prime Minister to suit and serve the ends of the political leaders and masters. Every now and then poverty statistics are manipulated and new methodologies are evolved to calculate the number of poor in the country. It is high time that such practices are stopped and a sound, foolproof and objective methodology, based on facts and technical data, is adopted.

            Poverty cannot be defined exactly and in absolute terms. It may differ from country to country and even from one province to another in the same country. Similarly, a rural poor and an urban poor cannot be measured with the same yardstick because the cost of living in respect of these two are different. But all people whose calorie intake is very low or modest, those who do not have basic minimum needs of living are below poverty line. They are victims of hunger, starvation, ill health and malnutrition because their means of subsistence are abysmally low and negligible. They have been living in famine no money to buy it. Political freedom and independence is meaningless unless people are free from hunger and abject poverty. These people just exist and life has no joy, no significance for them.

            The rural poor spent over 75 per cent of their meager income on food. In urban areas too, the very poor spend almost the same percentage of their wages on food items. Then there is hardly left anything for clothing, housing, education or health. These people have been victims and endemic hunger, poverty and destitution. Even the food-grains sold through the network of ration and fair price shops at subsidized rates have been beyond their purchasing power. The imbalance between the population and food-production is hardly keeping pace with the rapidly increasing number of mouths in the country. According to a report India is one of the three countries where 50 per cent of the world’s malnourished children are found. The other two countries are Pakistan and Bangladesh. About 53 per cent of under-five children are malnourished in the country. Infants here are worse off than in any country of the world. Thus, the per capita availability of foodgrains was 15.2 ounces per day in 1956 which increased marginally to 15.8 ounces in 1974.

            There has been green revolution and food-grains production has definitely increased but this has been in respect of fine and superior foodgrains like wheat and rice only. As far as the coarse foodgrains like bazra, jowar, barley etc. are concerned, the growth has been served the interests of relatively rich and prosperous sections of the society and the weaker and vulnerable sections have been left in the society and the weaker and vulnerable sections have been left in the lurch. The marginal farmers have been further marginalized and it is the rich peasants and farmers who have benefited the most from this agricultural revolution. There has been improvement in the quality of life and living-standards of the upper middle class but as far as the poor classes are concerned, they are just managing to survive and exist. For them radio, electronic gadgets etc. are still a luxury. They cannot dream of consumer durables. The small farmers, daily wage-earners, labourers, artisans etc. In the villages and small towns are still being exploited by the middle men and money-landers. They are the worst victims of hoarders, black marketers and price=manipulators. The traders and shopkeepers feece them as and when they will because they are poor, illiterate, superstitious and fatalistic.

            Poverty is not a sin but  is definitely a curse which in its turn generates such social evils and crimes as theft, dacoity, kidnapping, murder, drug=trafficking, violence, prostitution, extremism, terrorism etc. A poor person, driven to extreme and desperation can stoop too low to commit any crime. Poor and unemployed young men in Jammu and Kashmir easily become an unwilling instrument of foreign sponsored terrorism. Insurgency and terrorism in our North-eastern States and directly linked with poverty, unemployment and industrial backwardness prevailing there. The poor masses there feel alienated, isolated and discriminated against and easily become tools in the hands of war-lords and terrorists Naxalite and People’s War Ground movements thrive well in the regions where there is extreme poverty, illiteracy and economic backwardness. Many times extreme poverty pushes the people to suicide. For example, three brothers in Ludhiana (Punjab), all daily wage labourers and dalits committed suicide by consuming alphos poison on April 4, 1997. They could not afford the proper treatment for their ailing father because of extreme poverty who ultimately died for want of medication and care. Many unmarried girls hand, immolate or drink poison to commit suicide because their parents cannot afford dowry or decent marriage.

            No sincere and determined efforts have been made to remove and check poverty. There is a clear lack of social and political will to have alleviated poverty. With the political leaders “poverty alleviation” has been a mere voting-catching slogan. In spite of the 50 years of independence and political freedom the masses in India are living below the poverty line. They are not only poor but also illiterate, hungry person is the most frustrated person. For him morality, conscience, social order, religion, patriotism etc. have no sense, no availability of employment, land, water, foodgrains is further shrinking in the country. The natural resources are already under pressure resulting in adverse environmental consequences.

            India is rich both in man and materials, but they have not been exploited. Poverty amidst plenty seems to be a major problem. Availability in plenty of cheap and skilled labour and natural resources is a great advantage; which can be very favourably utilized for rapid industrial growth and agricultural expansion. Actually there is no contradiction between industrialization, growth, globalization and opening up of the economy on the one hand and eradiction of poverty and social justice on the other. Industrial and agricultural growth and development will go a long way in removing poverty, unemployment and in improving living standards of the people. For the empowerment of the weaker and vulnerable sections of the society it is imperative that a proper balance is struck between the development of agriculture and industry. India means villages, agriculture and cottage industries. At the same time it also means globally competitive industrial growth and development. Both should go hand in hand to make India a strong, poverty-free and a major economic power in the world.

            India is a welfare State, and it is the duty of the government to see that all its citizens lead a good, meaningful, satisfying and qualitative life. Some of the directive Principles like “the right to adequate means to livelihood,” right to work”, protection against “unemployment, old age, sickness and disablement,” “free and universal education up to the age of 14 years” should now become part of our fundamental rights and, therefore, justiciable. The concentration of wealth in the hands of few should be prevented and there should be fair distribution of national wealth among all its citizens.

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CBSE Board Exam 2025: Sample Papers and Marking Scheme for Class 10 and 12 OUT at cbseacademic.nic.in

The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) has officially released sample papers for Class 10 and 12 students in preparation for the 2025 board exams. These papers, which adhere to the latest syllabus, are now available on the CBSE Academic website, cbseacademic.nic.in. They serve as valuable resources for students to practice and familiarize themselves with the exam format.

How to Download CBSE Sample Papers?

To access the CBSE Class 10 and 12 sample papers and marking schemes, follow these simple steps:

• Visit the official website: cbseacademic.nic.in.
• On the homepage, navigate to the "Sample Question Papers" section.
• Choose your class (Class 10 or Class 12).
• A new page will open, displaying subject-wise sample papers and marking schemes.
• Select your subjects and click the corresponding links to download.
• Save or print the papers for further practice.

CBSE Board Exams 2025: Registration Begins for Class 10 and 12, Check Important Dates and Guidelines

Why Solving Sample Papers is Crucial?

1. Practice in Real Exam Conditions:

Simulate exam conditions by setting a timer and completing the sample paper in one sitting. This method helps students manage their time effectively during the actual board exams, while also reducing anxiety.

2. Familiarize with the Exam Pattern:

The sample papers follow the exact exam format. By solving them, students become familiar with different question types, difficulty levels, and the marking scheme. This helps in developing a strategy for the exam day.

3. Focus on Important Topics:

While working through these papers, students can identify recurring themes or frequently asked questions. This makes revision more efficient by allowing students to prioritize key areas.

4. Identify and Address Weaknesses:

After solving a sample paper, it's important to review your answers and identify areas of difficulty. Adjust your study plan to focus on these weaknesses, ensuring improvement over time.

5. Seek Guidance from Teachers or Mentors:

Education experts suggest that students discuss their mistakes with teachers or peers to better understand where they went wrong. This helps avoid the same mistakes in the final exam.

Additional Information for Students

CBSE is expected to hold the board exams starting in mid-February 2025. Along with these papers, CBSE has also released sample papers for skill-based education subjects for students from Classes 9 to 12. These sample papers provide a comprehensive overview of the question patterns and are critical for students aiming to excel in their board exams.

Furthermore, CBSE has opened the online submission process for schools to register students for the 2025 board exams. It is important to ensure that both downloading sample papers and completing the registration process are done in a timely manner. By regularly solving these sample papers and applying a structured study approach, students can boost their confidence and performance, making their preparation for the upcoming board exams both effective and stress-free.

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