effect of drugs on isolated frog heart experiment

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References (23), cited by (8).

General Pharmacology: The Vascular System

General paper the isolated and perfused working heart of the frog, rana esculenta : an improved preparation.

• 1. 1. An in vitro preparation of the intact heart of the frog Rana esculenta was set up.
• 2. 2. The isolated heart, perfused at constant pressure, was spontaneously beating and able to generate physiological values of output pressure, cardiac output, ventricle work and power. It showed the typical phenomenon of the “hypodynamic state” after a relatively constant time from the onset of the perfusion.
• 3. 3. Perfusion with air-saturated saline and 99.5% oxygen-saturated saline did not show significant differences in the recorded parameters.
• 4. 4. This experimental model represents a useful tool for physiological and pharmacological studies, especially when the direct analysis of the effects of hormones, mediators or drugs requires an intact heart preparation.

Effect of season and temperature acclimation on the heart rate-temperature relationship in the isolated frog's heart ( Rana temporaria )

Comp. biochem. physiol., prostaglandin synthesis and free fatty acid release from hypoxic rat heart, prog. lipid res., performance of the isolated and perfused working heart of the teleost conger conger : study of the inotropic effect of prostacyclin, j. comp. physiol. b., serum increases contractile force in the isolated frog ventricle and rat heart, j. physiol., london, an adrenergic participation subserving a positive inotropism and chronotropism of prostacyclin on isolated rat atria, experientia, nuclear magnetic resonance studies of intracellular ions in perfused frog heart, am. j. physiol., effects of calcium on the contraction of the hypodynamic frog heart, control of cardiac contractility at the cellular level, the action of ions and lipoids upon the frog's heart, appearance of adenosine triphosphate in the perfusate from working frog heart, pflügers arch., release of two vasodilators, adenosine and prostacyclin, from isolated rabbit hearts during controlled hypoxia, oral delivery of insulin with desmodium gangeticum root aqueous extract protects rat hearts against ischemia reperfusion injury in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats, cardiac morpho-dynamics in rana esculenta: influence of sex and season, cardiac performance correlates of relative heart ventricle mass in amphibians, endocardial endothelium mediates luminal ach-no signaling in isolated frog heart, endocardial endothelium in the avascular heart of the frog: morphology and role of nitric oxide, heart ventricle pumps in teleosts and elasmobranchs: a morphodynamic approach.

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STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF VARIOUS DRUGS AND IONS ON THE FROG’S HEART

Published by Grant Perkins Modified over 8 years ago

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Presentation on theme: "STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF VARIOUS DRUGS AND IONS ON THE FROG’S HEART"— Presentation transcript:

The Heart’s External Anatomy & Conduction System

A. location of heart (p.530) in thorax, in inferior mediastinum

The Cardiovascular System

Chapter 11 The Cardiovascular System

The Heart Circulatory System.

Review of Cardiac Structure and Function

Physiological Properties Of Heart Muscle Frog Dissection

Chapter 18 - The Cardiovascular System: The Heart

Cardiovascular System Block Cardiac electrical activity (Physiology)

Pulmonary Circulation

Cardiovascular System heart and blood vessels. Systemic Circulation – delivers blood to all body cells and carries away waste Pulmonary Circulation –

Cardiovascular System- The Heart Anatomy Chap. 21

Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Slides 11.1 – Seventh Edition Elaine.

Functions of the Heart Generating blood pressure Routing blood

The Heart The heart or cardiac muscle is a hollow cone shaped muscular organ that is divided into four chambers. The heart straddles the midline within.

Where Is Your Heart?. Circulation of blood Pulmonary circulation - Blood from heart to lungs and back again Systemic circulation – blood from heart to.

Human Anatomy, 3rd edition Prentice Hall, © 2001 The Heart Chapter 21.

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• v.21(1); 1963 Aug

The interaction of some stimulant and depressant drugs on the frog heart

The activity of frog isolated hearts was depressed by altering the perfusing Ringer solution in five different ways: by reducing the calcium content, by increasing the potassium content, and by adding ether, thiopentone or acetylcholine. Depressed hearts were perfused with Ringer solution containing the following stimulant drugs: paullinia tannin, tannic acid, hydrogen peroxide, sodium oleate, sodium caprylate and ouabain. All these stimulant drugs had similar actions on hearts depressed by calcium lack, ether and thiopentone; hearts depressed by acetylcholine were, however, only weakly stimulated. Hearts depressed by potassium were readily stimulated by oleate, caprylate and paullinia tannin; ouabain and hydrogen peroxide had weak stimulant actions on hearts depressed by potassium, and tannic acid had a negative inotropic action. The differing actions on hearts depressed by potassium are probably related to differences in the degrees of fixation of the stimulant drugs. The mode of action of ouabain and the functional lesion in hearts depressed by narcotics are discussed.

Full text is available as a scanned copy of the original print version. Get a printable copy (PDF file) of the complete article (869K), or click on a page image below to browse page by page. Links to PubMed are also available for Selected References .

Selected References

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• BERWICK MC. The effect of anesthetics on calcium release. J Cell Physiol. 1951 Aug; 38 (1):95–107. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ]
• BROADBENT JL. Cardiotonic action of two tannins. Br J Pharmacol Chemother. 1962 Feb; 18 :167–174. [ PMC free article ] [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ]
• BROADBENT JL. Importance of calcium in the actions of some drugs that stimulate the isolated hypodynamic frog heart. Br J Pharmacol Chemother. 1962 Aug; 19 :183–189. [ PMC free article ] [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ]
• DANIEL EE, JOHNSTON PK, FOULKS JG. The mechanism of the effects of sodium pentobarbital and norepinephrine on isolated cardiac muscle. Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther. 1962 Jul 1; 138 :276–301. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ]
• HOLLAND WC, SEKUL A. Influence of potassium and calcium ions on the effect of ouabain on Ca45 entry and contracture in rabbit atria. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1961 Sep; 133 :288–294. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ]
• KLAUS W, KUSCHINSKY G. [On the effect of digitoxigenin on the cellular calcium exchange in heart muscle tissue]. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Exp Pathol Pharmakol. 1962; 244 :237–253. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ]
• LULLMANN H, HOLLAND W. Influence of ouabain on an exchangeable calcium fraction, contractile force, and resting tension of guinea-pig atria. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1962 Aug; 137 :186–192. [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ]
• NIEDERGERKE R. The rate of action of calcium ions on the contraction of the heart. J Physiol. 1957 Oct 30; 138 (3):506–515. [ PMC free article ] [ PubMed ] [ Google Scholar ]

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THE INTERACTION OF SOME STIMULANT AND DEPRESSANT DRUGS ON THE FROG HEART

• PMID: 14066153
• PMCID: PMC1703863
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1963.tb01503.x

THE ACTIVITY OF FROG ISOLATED HEARTS WAS DEPRESSED BY ALTERING THE PERFUSING RINGER SOLUTION IN FIVE DIFFERENT WAYS: by reducing the calcium content, by increasing the potassium content, and by adding ether, thiopentone or acetylcholine. Depressed hearts were perfused with Ringer solution containing the following stimulant drugs: paullinia tannin, tannic acid, hydrogen peroxide, sodium oleate, sodium caprylate and ouabain. All these stimulant drugs had similar actions on hearts depressed by calcium lack, ether and thiopentone; hearts depressed by acetylcholine were, however, only weakly stimulated. Hearts depressed by potassium were readily stimulated by oleate, caprylate and paullinia tannin; ouabain and hydrogen peroxide had weak stimulant actions on hearts depressed by potassium, and tannic acid had a negative inotropic action. The differing actions on hearts depressed by potassium are probably related to differences in the degrees of fixation of the stimulant drugs. The mode of action of ouabain and the functional lesion in hearts depressed by narcotics are discussed.

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• Importance of calcium in the actions of some drugs that stimulate the isolated hypodynamic frog heart. BROADBENT JL. BROADBENT JL. Br J Pharmacol Chemother. 1962 Aug;19(1):183-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1962.tb01438.x. Br J Pharmacol Chemother. 1962. PMID: 13873208 Free PMC article.
• Cardiotonic action of two tannins. BROADBENT JL. BROADBENT JL. Br J Pharmacol Chemother. 1962 Feb;18(1):167-74. doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1962.tb01160.x. Br J Pharmacol Chemother. 1962. PMID: 13873207 Free PMC article.
• SODIUM, POTASSIUM, AND CHLORIDE IN FROG STOMACH MUSCLE. ARMSTRONG WM. ARMSTRONG WM. Am J Physiol. 1964 Mar;206:469-75. doi: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1964.206.3.469. Am J Physiol. 1964. PMID: 14160969 No abstract available.
• STIMULANT ACTIONS OF VOLATILE ANAESTHETICS ON SMOOTH MUSCLE. RANG HP. RANG HP. Br J Pharmacol Chemother. 1964 Apr;22(2):356-65. doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1964.tb02040.x. Br J Pharmacol Chemother. 1964. PMID: 14190470 Free PMC article.
• STUDIES OF THE MECHANISM OF CATION TRANSPORT. I. THE PREPARATION AND PROPERTIES OF A CATION-STIMULATED ADENOSINE-TRIPHOSPHATASE FROM GUINEA PIG KIDNEY CORTEX. CHARNOCK JS, POST RL. CHARNOCK JS, et al. Aust J Exp Biol Med Sci. 1963 Oct;41:547-60. Aust J Exp Biol Med Sci. 1963. PMID: 14077230 No abstract available.
• Br J Pharmacol Chemother. 1962 Feb;18:167-74 - PubMed
• J Physiol. 1957 Oct 30;138(3):506-15 - PubMed
• Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther. 1962 Jul 1;138:276-301 - PubMed
• J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1961 Sep;133:288-94 - PubMed
• J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1962 Aug;137:186-92 - PubMed
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Effect of Drugs On Isolated Frog Heart

Aim: To study the effect of drugs(inotropic and chronotropic actions) on Isolated perfused frog heart.

Principle of the effect of drugs on isolated frog heart

Drugs may influence the rate ( chronotropic ) and force (inotropy) of contraction of the heart. An increase in the heart rate is called a “positive chronotropic” response, while a “negative chronotropic” response is a decrease in the heart rate. Similarly, an increase in the force of contraction is called a ‘positive inotropic’ response, and a decrease in the force of contraction is called a ‘negative inotropic’ response.

Sympathomimetic amines such as adrenaline and noradrenaline produce positive inotropic and positive chronotropic responses. whereas parasympathomimetics such as acetylcholine produce negative inotropic and negative chronotropic responses.

Requirements:

Animal: frog

Apparatus: frog’s ringer solution, reservoir, tubing, screw clip, syme, cannula, clamp, boss head, thread, syringe, and needle.

Drugs: Adrenalin (stock solution 10 µg/ml)

Noradrenaline (stock solution 10µg/ml)

Acetylcholine(stock solution 10µg/ml)

Calcium chloride(stock solution 10µg/ml)

Potassium chloride(stock solution 10µg/ml)

Physiological solution: Frog ringe

The procedure of effect of drugs on isolated frog heart

• Pith the frog and pin it to the frog board.
• Give a mid-line incision on the abdomen. Remove the pectoral girdle and expose the heart.
• Carefully remove the pericardium and put a few drops of frog ringer over the heart.
• Trace the inferior vena cava, put a thread around it, and give a small cut in order to insert the venous cannula which is in turn connected to a perfusion bottle containing a frog ringer. Insert a cannula in the vein and tie the thread to assure the cannula is in place.
• Give a small cut in one of the aortae for the perfusate to come out.
• Adjust a proper venous pressure of 2-4 cm by altering the height of the perfusion bottle. The effective venous pressure is the height in cms from the level of the venous cannula and the ringer level in the perfusion bottle. The use of a Marriott bottle helps in attaining constant pressure. Start the perfusion by opening the screw clamp attached to the tube.
• Pass a thin pin hook through the tip of the ventricle, and with the help of a fine thread attached to the hook, tie it to the free limb of the universal lever, which is fixed to a stand. Adjust proper tension and magnification by altering the height of the lever . Record the normal contraction of the heart on the smoked drum.
• Inject 0.1,0.2,0.5 and 1 ml of the stock solution of each drug in sequential order and note the change in the rate and amplitude of contraction. Keep at least 5 min gap between the administration of each dose of the drug. The drug is administered by injecting the drug into the perfusion tube very close to the venous cannula. Take precautions to avoid any leakage of the drug from the tube, and the injection of air bubbles.
• Label and fix the tracing with the fixing solution.

Observation:

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