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PhD in India 2024 – Cost, Duration, and Eligibility for Admission

Complete guide to phd in india: duration, costs, eligibility, and recent updates 2024.

Embarking on a PhD journey in India is a significant academic and professional pursuit. Aspiring research scholars often have questions regarding the duration of a PhD, the associated costs, eligibility criteria, and recent developments in the field. In this comprehensive guide, ilovephd aims to address these queries and shed light on the essentials of pursuing a PhD in India.

How many years is a PhD in India?

A PhD program in India typically takes around 3 to 5 years to complete, depending on various factors such as the discipline, research area, individual progress, and university regulations.

The duration may vary, but it is important to be prepared for a substantial commitment of time and effort.

How much does a PhD cost in India?

The cost of pursuing a PhD in India varies across institutions. Generally, public universities offer PhD programs with minimal or subsidized tuition fees. Private universities may have higher fees.

It’s advisable to explore funding options such as scholarships, fellowships, or research grants provided by government bodies, funding agencies , or individual institutions to support your PhD journey.

What qualifications are required for a PhD in India?

To pursue a PhD in India, a candidate typically needs a postgraduate degree (Master’s or equivalent) in a relevant field. It is important to note that specific eligibility criteria may vary between universities and disciplines.

Additionally, universities often require candidates to clear entrance exams or interviews and meet minimum academic standards to be considered for admission.

What is the age limit for a PhD in India? Is 25 too old to start a PhD?

In most cases, there is no strict age limit for pursuing a PhD in India. As long as you meet the eligibility criteria and demonstrate the necessary academic qualifications, you can pursue a PhD at any age.

Therefore, 25 is certainly not too old to start a PhD Many scholars begin their doctoral studies later in life, bringing valuable experiences and perspectives to their research.

Can I do a Ph.D. without the National Eligibility Test (NET)?

While the National Eligibility Test (NET) is a common requirement for lectureships and research fellowships in India , it is not mandatory for all PhD programs. Some universities may have their own entrance exams or selection processes.

It is important to check the specific requirements of the university or institution where you plan to pursue your PhD

Who is eligible for direct PhD admission?

Direct Ph.D. admission is a pathway for exceptional candidates who have completed their undergraduate studies and wish to pursue a PhD without a Master’s degree.

However, this option is typically available to a limited number of candidates, and universities may have specific criteria and guidelines for direct PhD admissions. It is advisable to consult with individual institutions to understand their policies regarding direct Ph.D. admissions.

Is it okay to do a PhD without a Master’s degree?

While a Master’s degree is generally the standard qualification for pursuing a PhD, some universities in India offer integrated PhD programs that allow students to directly enter the Ph.D. track after completing their undergraduate studies.

However, this option may be limited to certain disciplines or institutions. It’s important to research and identify institutions that offer such programs if you wish to pursue a PhD without a Master’s degree.

What are the recent rules for PhD admissions in India?

The rules and regulations for Ph.D. admissions in India are subject to change and can vary between universities and disciplines.

It is advisable to stay updated with the guidelines provided by individual universities and regulatory bodies such as the University Grants Commission (UGC) or the All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) to ensure compliance with the latest requirements.

25 Tips to Join PhD in India

25 tips to help you join a PhD program in India:

• Research your field of interest thoroughly to identify potential research areas and topics.
• Explore various universities and research institutes in India that offer PhD programs in your chosen field.
• Check the eligibility criteria and admission requirements of each institution you are interested in.
• Take note of application deadlines and ensure you submit your application well in advance.
• Prepare a strong statement of purpose (SOP) that highlights your research interests, goals, and why you are interested in pursuing a Ph.D.
• Contact potential supervisors or faculty members whose research aligns with your interests to discuss your research proposal.
• Prepare for entrance exams that may be required for admission, such as the UGC-NET, GATE, or university-specific entrance exams.
• Enhance your academic profile by participating in research projects, publishing papers, or presenting at conferences.
• Build a strong recommendation letter portfolio by reaching out to professors or mentors who can attest to your academic abilities and research potential.
• Seek out scholarships, fellowships, or research grants offered by government bodies, universities, or funding agencies to fund your Ph.D.
• Familiarize yourself with the research facilities, laboratories, and resources available at the institutions you are considering.
• Attend research seminars, workshops, and conferences related to your field to stay updated with the latest developments and network with researchers.
• Develop good communication and writing skills, as they are essential for presenting research findings and publishing papers.
• Create a well-structured and feasible research proposal that clearly outlines your research objectives, methodology, and expected outcomes.
• Be prepared for interviews or presentations as part of the selection process, where you may need to defend your research proposal or discuss your academic background.
• Gain teaching experience by assisting professors or taking up teaching assignments to enhance your profile for future academic positions.
• Connect with current Ph.D. students or alumni of the institutions you are interested in to gain insights into the program and research environment.
• Stay updated with any changes in the rules, regulations, or policies related to Ph.D. admissions in India.
• Develop a strong work ethic and time management skills, as PhD programs require dedication, self-discipline, and long hours of research.
• Consider the location and infrastructure of the institution, ensuring it suits your research needs and provides a conducive environment for learning.
• Explore interdisciplinary opportunities and collaborations to broaden your research scope and gain different perspectives.
• Discuss funding options and financial support with the institutions you are applying to, and be prepared to seek external funding if necessary.
• Keep track of your research progress and maintain regular communication with your supervisor or mentor.
• Attend preparatory courses or workshops on research methodology or academic writing to enhance your research skills.
• Finally, be passionate, persistent, and proactive in pursuing your PhD dream. Embrace the challenges, stay motivated, and enjoy the journey of knowledge creation.

Remember, each institution may have its specific requirements and procedures, so it’s crucial to carefully review their official websites or contact the admissions offices for accurate and up-to-date information.

10 Steps to Join PhD in India

Here are 10 steps to join a PhD program in India:

• Research your field: Explore different research areas and identify your specific field of interest for pursuing a PhD in India.
• Shortlist institutions: Identify universities or research institutes in India that offer PhD programs in your chosen field.
• Review eligibility criteria : Check the eligibility requirements of the institutions you are interested in, including minimum educational qualifications and entrance exam scores.
• Prepare application documents: Gather the necessary documents, such as academic transcripts, recommendation letters, statement of purpose (SOP), and research proposal.
• Prepare for entrance exams: If required, prepare for entrance exams like UGC-NET, GATE, or university-specific exams. Familiarize yourself with the syllabus and exam pattern.
• Apply to institutions: Submit your applications to the shortlisted institutions within the specified deadlines. Pay attention to the required application fees and submission procedures.
• Attend interviews (if applicable): Some institutions may conduct interviews or presentations to assess your research aptitude and fit for the program. Prepare well for these interactions.
• Secure funding: Explore funding opportunities such as scholarships, fellowships, or research grants. Check if the institutions offer any financial support or external funding options.
• Accept an offer : After receiving acceptance letters from the institutions you applied to, carefully evaluate and select the most suitable offer based on research facilities, faculty expertise, funding, and overall fit.
• Complete admission formalities: After accepting an offer, complete the necessary admission formalities as specified by the institution. This may include submitting additional documents, paying fees, and fulfilling any other requirements.

It’s important to note that the specific steps and procedures may vary between institutions. Therefore, always refer to the official websites and admission guidelines of the institutions you are applying to for accurate and up-to-date information.

Pursuing a PhD in India is a rewarding and intellectually stimulating endeavor. Understanding the duration, costs, eligibility criteria, and recent developments is crucial to navigating the process effectively.

By considering these factors and conducting thorough research, aspiring Ph.D. scholars can embark on their academic journey confidently and clearly.

Remember to contact universities or institutions directly for specific information and seek guidance from mentors or faculty members who can provide valuable insights into the PhD application process in your chosen field. Good luck with your Ph.D. pursuit!

Also Read: Best 100 Institutions to Study PhD in India – 2024

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• PhD Study in India – A Guide for 2024

Written by Mark Bennett

The Indian higher education system has expanded at a simply phenomenal rate during the 21st Century - and it shows no sign of stopping. This rapid growth in the number of individual PhD universities is also producing a range of research opportunities , ranging from cutting-edge Science and Engineering projects to unique programmes exploring the country's own diverse history and culture.

This page provides a comprehensive introduction to PhD study in India, with information on universities, colleges, fees, funding opportunities, average duration and eligibility requirements.

On this page

Phd opportunities in india - what's on offer for 2024.

India's rich culture and stunning geography need little introduction and are a universal part of its appeal as a visitor destination. When it comes to international study, however, there's arguably never been a better time to consider a longer-term stay as a PhD student in India.

Here are just a few reasons to consider beginning your PhD at an Indian university in 2024:

• Diversity and specialisation - Whether you want to research Business Management, Bombay Cinema or Buddhist Philosophy, the scope of options for PhD study in India means there's almost certainly an excellent programme available for you.
• Affordability and accessibility - PhD fees in India vary a lot, but are often surprisingly low. Meanwhile, English is widely spoken and is adopted as the language of instruction at a wide range of universities.
• Increasing global recognition - University rankings have taken some time to catch up with the speed of India's higher education expansion, but this is beginning to change. Several of India's leading universities and institutes now feature in international league tables for 2024.
• Youth and dynamism - India's current population is one of the youngest in the world, demographically speaking. This fresh and dynamic outlook helps drive a culture of innovation and entrepreneurialism. You'll fit right in as a PhD researcher looking to develop new ideas and approaches.

India's universities can also claim some impressive alumni, including the current CEOs of Microsoft (Satya Nadella) and Google (Sundar Pichai). So, in a way, they may well have helped you find this page.

Pick the right programme for you

There are lots of choices, let us help you to make the right one. Sign up to our weekly newsletter for the latest advice and guidance from our team of experts.

Indian universities

India's higher education system is one of the world's biggest, with well over 1000 different universities. It's also one of the most diverse, as these institutions fall into a range of different categories.

This has the potential to seem confusing, but, for prospective PhD students, the differences between individual universities (or groupings) won't generally be as important as the specific research projects and programmes they offer.

University types

There are five different varieties of university with the potential to offer PhD programmes in India. In most cases the distinction between these groups concerns the way in which they are established and administered.

The Indian higher education system is made up of the following:

• 47 Central Universities - As their name suggests, these are centrally administered by the Indian Government through its Department of Higher Education. This group includes some of India's oldest research universities, as well as some newer and more specialised institutions.
• 390 State Universities - These are set up and governed by individual Indian states and provinces. They include a wide range of institutions, many of which specialise in certain subjects.
• 307 Private Universities - These are also set up within (and accredited by) individual states or provinces, but are established by independent organisations. They often tend to focus more on international recruitment than Central or State ('public') universities.
• 124 Deemed to be Universities - This group includes a wide range of institutions that weren't set up as universities, but are currently recognised as having university-level expertise in certain subjects. As such they may carry out associated research and teaching.
• 138 Institutes of National Importance - These are India's premier centres for teaching, scholarship and research. Each is established or recognised by a specific act of parliament and designated with particular specialisms and objectives. See below for more details.

PhD colleges in India

India is also home to over 39,000 colleges, but things aren't quite as vast (or complicated) as they seem. Indian higher education colleges tend to be affiliated with local state universities, helping deliver the teaching for the degree programmes those universities award.

In practice, this system is actually quite similar to the collegiate university model adopted within older UK universities such as Oxford and Cambridge : the student studies within a college towards a qualification granted by its associated university.

Some Indian colleges specialise in postgraduate (or 'post-graduate') programmes, effectively functioning like the graduate schools operated by universities in the USA or Canada.

Institutions of National Importance

India's Institutions of National Importance (INIs) are its most prestigious higher education institutions, tasked with strategic academic and professional objectives. Most are highly specialised and are organised into appropriate networks based on the subjects they pursue.

At present the list of INIs includes:

• 23 Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) - these focus primarily on Engineering and related subjects. Together with the National Institutes of Technology (below) they award the majority of Indian PhDs in these disciplines.
• 31 National Institutes of Technology (NITs) - these also focus on Engineering as well as related subjects such as Architecture and Management.
• 20 Indian Institutes of Management (IIMs) - these are India's premier centres for professional training and research in Business and Management. Most of the programmes they offer award postgraduate degrees, including the Fellow Programme in Management (FPM) - equivalent to a PhD.
• 7 Indian Institutes of Science Education and Research (IISERs) - these conduct research and training in a broad range of scientific fields.
• 7 National Institutes of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPERs) - focussing on Pharmacy, Pharmacology and related Chemical Sciences.
• 7 All India Institutes of Medical Sciences (AIIMs) - focussing on professional training and qualification in Medicine and related Health Sciences.
• 3 Schools of Planning and Architecture (SPAs) - focussing on professional training and research in Architecture and related subjects.

Needless to say, the INIs include some of India's highest ranked and most internationally renowned universities, making them a strong choice for international PhD study in appropriate subjects.

Subject specialisms

It's quite common for Indian universities to focus on particular subjects or even to specialise in these subjects at a postgraduate level. This can make it easier to find appropriate universities for your PhD, but it does mean that not all provide comprehensive research opportunities.

Indian university cities

The sheer size of India's university system means that opportunities for PhD study exist right across the country. However, there are a number of key 'hubs' for study and research. These include major cities such as Mumbai , Delhi, Bangalore, Hyderabad , Kanpur and Pune .

Indian university rankings

Global rankings are beginning to reflect the growth of India's university system and its increasing expertise in key subject areas. The country's Institutes of Technology (IITs) are particularly well ranked, with several in the current Times Higher Education world top 500:

Do rankings matter for PhD study?

University rankings can help you choose a PhD project or programme, provided you know what to look at. Our guide explains how to use rankings as a prospective postgraduate.

Accreditation

Universities in India are overseen by the University Grants Commission . This is an official body ensuring that higher education in India is properly supported and meets appropriate standards.

PhD structure

The Indian PhD is an advanced research qualification, designed for students who have already completed undergraduate and (usually) postgraduate training.

As a doctoral student, you'll set out to independently research an original topic with the support of at least one supervisor (an academic at your university with relevant expertise and experience). At the end of your degree you'll submit a thesis describing your research activities and results.

In this sense, PhD study in India is very similar to other countries. However, as you'd expect from a country with such a large - and diverse - higher education system, there are a few differences.

Most Indian universities award the standard PhD as an academic research doctorate. Some also provide other qualifications, including more specialised doctorates:

• Fellow Programme in Management (FPM) - A PhD-level qualification usually offered by Indian Institutes of Management (IIMs). An FPM may include professional training, comparable to that involved in a Doctor of Business Administration (DBA) degree. Programmes usually last for up to five years.
• Doctorate in Pharmacy (Pharm D) - A specialised professional qualification usually lasting for at least six years.
• Master of Philosophy (MPhil) - A shorter academic research qualification (lasting one to two years), also offered in the UK and other countries. Some MPhil programmes allow progression to a full PhD.

PhD programmes

It's common for Indian universities to establish doctoral programmes within which their postgraduate students receive additional training and support as they carry out their research.

At State Universities, these are often organised by local affiliated colleges (effectively operating as the university's graduate school). More specialised Institutions of National Importance may run a single doctoral programme within which all of their students work on related topics.

PhD programmes often commence with a coursework phase . This provides any specialist subject knowledge and research skills a student needs in order to carry out their own independent research.

The coursework component of your PhD will usually be completed in your first year (this may be shorter if you already have relevant qualifications and training at Masters level). After this you will prepare a synopsis of your project and be assigned an appropriate supervisor to guide your research.

From this point on you will work more independently, carrying out research and collecting results upon which to construct your thesis.

Programme length

In most cases, the duration of a PhD in India is around three years . It's possible to study for longer, but some universities may set a maximum registration period for doctoral students - this is usually around five years, if so.

Academic year

The Indian academic year usually runs from May to July . As a PhD student you will normally complete coursework and other training within this teaching period. However, your research project will be ongoing.

Assessment and examination

The main criteria for the award of an Indian PhD is the quality of the doctoral thesis you produce at the end of your degree.

You will first submit your thesis internally. This can be a more significant stage in India than elsewhere. Multiple faculty members will often be involved and these may request corrections and resubmissions before allowing a student to proceed to their external examination.

Once your university is satisfied, your thesis will be orally examined by one or more external examiners. In India this is known as the 'Open Defence'. The title is appropriate as these examinations usually take place in a ceremonial setting and in front of an audience including your fellow students, faculty, family and friends.

Don't be put off by the prospect of being examined 'live' in this way: The Open Defence is a well-deserved opportunity to take pride in your work and the expertise it has produced.

Publication requirements

In addition to completing your thesis itself, you may be expected to have produced a peer-reviewed publication before your doctorate can be awarded. This may seem daunting to a new or prospective student, but you'll soon find that you're already producing work of a high standard as part of researching your doctoral thesis.

Your faculty will probably maintain a list of the journals it regards as being acceptable and your supervisor will be able to advise you on the preparation of your research for publication.

Fees and funding

India is a comparatively inexpensive destination for PhD study, though the actual cost of a PhD in India will vary between universities and regions.

There is no set fee for PhD study at Indian universities. Generally, State Universities will be cheaper than Private Universities, but neither are especially expensive by international standards.

International students won't necessarily pay more to study in India, though some universities may restrict the number of 'foreign students' they enrol.

Programmes are generally between USD $2,000-5,000 per year, though some universities will charge more. The best approach is to identify an institution with appropriate facilities and expertise for your PhD, then inquire as to its fees.

You'll also have some other costs to cover for an Indian PhD. These may include registration and application fees as well as fees for your eventual PhD examination. Most will be fairly minor expenses, but it's worth checking with your university in advance and confirming exactly what - and how much - you'll be required to pay.

PhD funding

The main source of government support for international students in India is the ICCR Scholarship Scheme , formerly known as the General Scholarship Scheme (GSS). This provides funding for students from specific countries to study at Bachelors, Masters or PhD level in India, with some restrictions on subjects and programmes.

International applicants with Indian heritage may also be eligible to apply to the Scholarship Programmes for Diaspora Children (SPDC) scheme. However, this support may be restricted to undergraduate programmes.

A list of other scholarships and fellowships for study in India is maintained on the University Grants Commission website .

Most Indian universities will also have their own scholarships and fee waivers available for their students, though not all of these will be available to international applicants. You can view a partial list of institutions offering international fee waivers on the Indian Government website . Note that these waivers may not necessarily be for PhD programmes or other postgraduate courses.

PhD funding guides

There's plenty of support out there for you to complete a doctorate in India (or elsewhere). Our PhD funding guides will help you make sense of your options.

Applying for a PhD in India

Some Indian universities use admissions portals to help manage their applications. Others will accept direct applications, or advertise specific opportunities .

Admission requirements

To be eligible to study a PhD in India, you have to have a Masters degree in a relevant subject, usually with an overall grade of at least 55% (or the equivalent).

Candidates will also be expected to have the necessary language skills for their course. English is one of India's official languages and is used for teaching at most of its universities/ However, some specialised universities will teach in Hindi , Urdu or other Indian languages.

There is no age limit for doing a PhD in India. Most PhDs take between three and five years to complete so it's worth considering what you want to do after completing your degree.

In July 2022, the UK and Indian governments signed a mutual agreement to formally recognise eachother's higher education qualifications. This means that if you studied your Masters degree in the UK, it will automatically be recognised as the equivalent of an Indian Masters (and vice-versa!) This should make the application process easier for UK students looking to do a PhD in India.

The Indian PhD application process

Indian PhD applications are usually competitive. Each university will have a specific number of places available on its PhD programmes each year and will use a system of entrance examinations, interviews and research proposal assessment to select the best candidates.

Individual institutions are free to manage this process themselves, but most will follow the same general steps.

PhD notifications

First, the university will establish how many places it has available for its PhD programmes. These places are then published as a 'notification' for that round of PhD admissions.

Notifications for the next academic year will usually be published in the previous Autumn. You can find them by searching university websites. You can also check the PhD opportunities listed here on FindAPhD.

The Research Eligibility Test (RET)

Once you have responded to its PhD notification, your prospective university will begin to assess your suitability for doctoral work.

PhD applicants in India are normally required to complete a Research Eligibility Test (RET): this is a written exam confirming that you have the necessary subject knowledge and expertise to carry out advanced research in your chosen discipline.

The content of the RET will be specific to your university and programme. In some cases universities will use relevant examination material from its own Masters degrees (as this is the level you should be working at as a PhD student).

You check the requirements and process for your RET before you begin your application. It may be the case that you are required to attend a physical exam in India (along with other students). Your university should be able to tell you if it makes any alternative arrangements for international students.

The next step (after a satisfactory RET performance) is to attend a PhD interview . Your university will normally publish details of candidates invited to interview as a formal part of its PhD admissions round.

The most important part of your interview day will be the interview itself, during which you will answer questions about your interests and experience and (hopefully) demonstrate that you are a suitable candidate for its programme.

The university will also use this opportunity to check and assess your application documents . You will normally be asked to bring certificates and transcripts related to your existing qualifications, as well as other materials related to your application. The exact requirements will be published along with your interview details.

Research proposals

Your previous qualifications, RET score and interview performance will confirm you are suitably qualified and prepared for a place on an Indian PhD programme. Some universities may also wish to check the details for the topic you plan to explore with your PhD. If so, they will ask you to submit a research proposal .

This may be a separate stage in your application, or it may be part of your interview process. Again, you should check your university's requirements.

Application portals

Some Indian universities partner with external services to help manage their admissions. This can make your application a lot easier, with additional support and guidance available on the exact requirements.

The most important application portal for international students in India is EdCIL . This is an official partner service, designated by the Indian Government to support applications from students seeking to study abroad in India.

Application fees

Some universities (and portals) will charge fees during their application process. These cover the costs of registering and processing applications as well as the administration of examinations and interviews.

Individually, these fees are likely to be quite small (often less than $10 at a time). However, it's a good idea to make a note of all the required fees at the beginning of your application and ensure you don't end up paying more than you expect.

Student visas

You'll need a visa to study in India as an international student. This is usually easy to obtain, provided you are a genuine student and have been accepted to study at an Indian university.

India issues various visas, but the one you'll require as a PhD student is, surprisingly enough, a student visa . This is normally valid for up to five years and allows multiple entries into India during your course.

Application requirements

The materials required for an Indian student visa application will usually include:

• Proof of admission to your university (you'll need this before you start your application)
• Personal documents (your passport and other details)
• Financial evidence (confirming you have sufficient money to support yourself during your course)

The cost of your visa will depend on the country you apply from. Currently prices range from $14-$118 .

Application process

Before you begin your visa application you should check your requirements with an Indian Misson (embassy) in your home country. At this point you may also be asked to submit required documents and pay the appropriate visa fee (this will depend on your nationality and situation). You can then apply for your visa online using a service set up by the Indian Government.

PhD life in India

Want to know more about what it's like to live in India during a PhD? Our detailed guide covers everything from accommodation and living costs to culture and entertainment.

An Indian PhD will qualify you well for further work related to your research area, in India or elsewhere. The expansion of the Indian university sector is creating many opportunities for academic work in the country and your experience of Indian higher education will prepare you well for these kinds of roles.

As of July 2022, all undergraduate and postgraduate qualifications earned in India are automatically recognised in the UK (and vice versa). This means that you'll be able to use your Indian PhD to more easily access a wide range of job opportunities in the UK.

It is usually possible to extend a student visa if you find work in India, or to apply for a separate employment visa (provided you have evidence of a suitable job offer). Your university should be able to provide more information and guidance during your PhD.

Find a PhD in India

Ready to start browsing some current PhD opportunities in India ? Alternatively, you can look at our other guides to PhD study abroad .

You may also like...

Inlaks Scholarships provide a fantastic funding opportunity for Indian students looking to do a PhD abroad at one of the world’s top universities.

Commonwealth PhD Scholarships offer talented Indian doctoral students the opportunity to complete a funded 12-month placement at a participating UK university.

If you’re an Indian PhD student currently studying a PhD at an institution in India, you could apply for a Fulbright-Nehru Doctoral Research Fellowship to undertake research in the USA.

What's it like to live in India during a PhD? Our guide covers accommodation, student living costs, working and other key information.

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PhD in India- Fees, Duration, Scholarship and Universities

In this article, we are covering topics on- PhD in India, fees structure, entrance exams, admission procedure and other related information. Also, we will enlist courses and universities for doing PhD in India. Further, we will cover how to apply for a PhD scholarship in India and what are the sources. 

I personally feel that doing a PhD in India is tougher than in other countries. Why? I will explain it in this article. Wait and read till the end. 

The doctor of philosophy is the topmost degree in any education system. One should have to pass many hurdles and face numerous problems to even enter into PhD. However, for a clever and bright student, it might be an easy task. 

PhD is more than a degree, it is equivalent to some reputed award or we can say it is kind of honour. But technically speaking, you become an expert by doing a PhD . Your expertise nourished and polished during PhD and hence you become top of all.  

And because you are now some expert in some disciplines, you paid higher than others. People give you respect as well. 

This is the reason, doing a PhD is a tedious task. You can’t get a PhD easily. Therefore it is not a “cup of tea” for all. As a PhD student, you need to have great commitment and patience. You have to develop several skills during your PhD to get it smoothly. I had covered an amazing article on what skills required for PhD students. Read it first, it will help you. 

Read: PhD student-What skills and qualities one should acquire.

As I said, doing a PhD in India is not as easy as like in other countries. A candidate has to pass many steps and tedious procedure to complete it.

A candidate has to, 

• Clear an entrance exam 
• Propose a research problem 
• Complete course work 
• Write a thesis or dissertation 
• Publish a research paper 
• Attend or present their work 
• And complete the viva voce

PhD in India: 

UGC- university grant commission from Delhi held, conduct and monitor’s the entire PhD process. The UGC is the governing body for all universities across India and it is taken care of all the processes and legal problems related to PhD in India. 

The PhD degree given by the UGC approved universities are only valid in India. For that, every university has to follow the rules and regulation stated by UGC. 

You can get all the information regarding PhD on the official website of UGC. 

Requirements and Eligibility criteria: 

When you think about doing a PhD, you must have completed a master degree or postgraduate degree in your related disciplines. 

So the first criteria for doing a PhD in India is the postgraduate degree. Notably, you must have completed your undergraduate degree from a well-known university. 

Here one thing you should know about your master degree is that some universities don’t allow students with part-time master or postgraduate degree for PhD. 

So you have to complete both bachelors as well as a master degree before applying for a PhD . 

However, for some courses master of philosophy (M.phil) is also taken into consideration besides a post-graduate degree. M.Phil is not mandatory for all. 

Next, with it, as per the UGC rules and regulations, a minimum 55% marks or equivalent CGPA is required to be eligible for PhD. 

After that, a candidate has to clear the NET- national eligibility test or GATE or some equivalent entrance exam held by the university. 

NET is compulsory for all subjects besides engineering. For engineering students, GATE (gratitude aptitude test in engineering) is required. However, before that, they must have completed their M.Tech or ME.  

The NET or GATE is exclusively conducted by the university grant commission. Based on your NET or GATE score you can apply in some of the topmost universities across India. 

Students of final year or last semester of masters can appear in NET or GATE. 

The above eligibilities are required only for applying in PhD. still, you can’t get admission if you aren’t fulfilling other criteria as well.  

After they shortlisted you for PhD, you have to submit a research proposal. If your research proposal is accepted then and then they can appear for PhD. 

These are the eligibility criteria for applying in PhD in India. Conclusively, you have to start preparing for PhD in your master’s, if you are willing to do it. 

Now, imagine that you have completed all these criteria, what next? What is the exact admission procedure to actually get into PhD? Let’s check it out. 

Admission procedure for PhD in India: 

Your token for admission in PhD is your post-graduate degree and NET or entrance exam. With a minimum of 55% marks and a good score in NET, you can apply in any universities across India. 

You can fill the form now.

A candidate can apply offline or online for PhD. Universities offer a limited number of seats for each subject. Once you shortlisted, they will notify you. 

After that, you have to download the final application form, fill it and submit it to university with all the attested copies of documents. 

Documents required: 

Students have to submit attested copies of all documents and verify the original one to respected authority. The required documents are: 

• 12th mark sheet 
• Final mark sheet of graduation 
• Graduation degree certificate 
• Final mark sheet of postgraduate 
• Degree certificate of post-graduate 
• Birth certificate 
• UGC notification of clearing the NET/GATE or university entrance exam clearing certificate. 
• Cast certificate if required 
• Documents of fellowship or scholarship if any 
• M.phil degree certificate if required
• Publication if required 
• Research proposal 
• Recommendation letter from the guide. 
• No-objection certificate 
• University transfer certificate if any 
• Passport size photograph 

Attested copies of all these documents must be submitted along with the application form. Besides, a candidate has to submit the research proposal, additionally. 

The research proposal is very important, based on your research interest, PhD supervisor or guide will be allotted to you. 

Format of a research proposal: 

The research proposal is more or less a kind of synopsis which explains the overall idea of your research problem. 

Title — propose your title in which you have to include a topic and method you wish to study. Try to make it small. If possible take some expert’s help to propose your title. 

Your title is a very important element of your PhD, it will remain unchanged throughout your PhD. Hence propose a clear, catchy and self-explanatory title. 

Abstract — explain your entire topic in 250 to 300 words in the abstract. 

Introduction and review — Explain your topic and provide some basic information in the introduction, Also provide some review related to your topic. 

Aim and objective s– propose at least three different objectives to solve your research problem. 

Methodology — in this section explain the method, process, protocol or hypothesis you want to use to solve the research problem. 

Results — state some output of your research. Here you have to enlist possible results (positive as well as negative) of your research problem. 

Note: you have to give a broad idea of everything, no need to explain everything in detail. Your research proposal must be 10 to 12 pages with a title page and bibliography. 

With all these documents, a candidate has to submit university fees. 

The university sent the research proposal to the respected faculty or the guide. If any guide is interested in your research problem they will send an acceptance letter to the university. University will send you the confirmation of the allotted guide. 

After that, you have to visit your guide. Your guide will give you a recommendation letter. You have to submit it along with a form and university fees to your department. 

After you fulfil all these requirements, your admission for PhD is completed. Due to these complications, doing a PhD is actually a tedious job in India.

But, you are not a PhD student, still. I will tell you why. Wait!

Fees structure for PhD in India:

The average fees in government college or universities are ranging from 20,000 INR to 50,000 INR annually. Although it may vary. 

 PhD fees are one of the biggest problems in India because private universities charge up to 100,0000 INR per year. 

In self-finance college yearly fees ranging from 2,00,000 INR to 6,00,000 INR. You have to do your research for 5 to 7 year. Now imagine how much you have to pay. 

The fees include education fees, library fees, tuition fees and other university and laboratory charges. 

However, universities do not give you travel allowances, you have to pay yourself to travel for sample collection. 

For doing a PhD in a government university or college you have to pay around 8,000 to 10,000 INR per semester. 

Also, fellowship and scholarship options are available for some students. We will discuss it later in this article. 

Anyway, by doing some smart work and starting preparing for a PhD from day one of your master’s degree, you can easily clear NET or GATE. You can get admission in government quota easily. 

After completing all these steps and procedures, you have to decide whether you want to do a PhD part-time or full time . 

Notably, nowadays UGC offers part-time PhD only in some selected subjects and for some special cases. 

For example, If you want to do a PhD in biology, obviously you need to do research work in the lab. UGC has decided not to give part-time options in those subjects. Although, as I said in some special cases it can give. 

Some universities offer doctoral programs part-time as well. (there is a significant difference between doctorate and PhD. Read it here: Doctorate vs PhD ). 

PhD scholarship or fellowship in India: 

UGC has various scholarship and fellowship options for providing financial aid to students. If you prepare well and do some research before applying for a doctorate, you can get admission in PhD with a good amount of scholarship. 

The university gold medalist students are awarded the inspired fellowship by the university for getting a PhD. So as I said above, plan well from the first day of your master’s. 

Junior research fellowship in engineering and technology, a junior research fellowship in science, humanities and social sciences are two best options for financial aid. A candidate has to clear NET for that. With JRF-NET, you can apply to any university for a PhD. 

Besides this, UGC also provides financial aid for students of the minor community, OBC, SC and ST community. 

Maulana Azad national fellowship program is reserved for the minority students. Likewise, Rajiv Gandhi national fellowship is for SC/ST students. Also, universities give special scholarships to single girl child and women for higher education. 

Note: the purpose of giving reservation to minorities, special community (SC/ST/OBC) and women is to improve their financial and social status in society. Also, to empower and encourage the same. 

If you are not still eligible for any of the scholarship stated above. Don’t worry. There are other schemes as well. 

A candidate can propose a minor or major project to UGC. If your project is good UGC will give you funding to complete your project. 

Besides, there are other personal scholarships and fellowship options are also available at UGC. You can visit the scholarship and fellowship section of UGC here: UGC- scholarship and fellowship . 

Now the question is what amount it will pay? 

In the case of inspiring fellow students, UGC pays full fees throughout their research or PhD tenure. However, for other scholarships, the University grant commission pays a lump-sum amount of 25,000INR to 30,000INR per month. 

Duration for PhD in India: 

PhD is a length and time-consuming process. Likewise, in other countries, it takes around 3 to 5 years to complete a PhD in India. 

As per the university grant commission, candidates have to do their PhD research minimum for 3 years. Even Though your work is completed within 2 years (which is actually not possible) you still have to complete 3 years. Sometimes it takes 5 to 7 years too, for completing a PhD. 

The tenure of PhD depends on the complexity of your topics, your guides involvement and your hard work. 

As per my experience, it takes at least 4 years for a sincere student to complete a PhD. 

Structure of PhD: 

Let divide what you have to do during each year in PhD: 

In the first year, you have to complete your coursework. The coursework is based on the research methodology studies. No research work is conducted during the first year. 

Once you complete your coursework, you need to clear the coursework examination. 

Minimum 55% marks required to clear it, then after, every candidate has to submit the results to university. 

Now your PhD admission is confirmed. 

If you fail to pass the coursework, one more chance is given to you. If you fail to clear it within a year, your admission can be revoked. 

Now in the second year, you can start your research work. Initially during the second year, your major responsibilities are to collect samples, read and review research papers related to your topic and start making notes. 

Also, during the same time, you can start your lab work as well, if any. As per your guide’s instruction you can start working on your methodology. 

In the third year, you have to do extensive research work and try to complete your work within the first half of the year. Meanwhile, you need to start reviewing literature and start writing your thesis as well. During the same time, you have to attend seminars and symposiums. 

During the fourth year, you have to complete your lab work and publish a research paper too. 

Unless your research published, you can’t go ahead. Now once it is done, immediately you have to present your research at international seminars or conferences. 

In the last and fourth year, your work is done, you just have to write your thesis. Read papers and start writing your thesis. Review your thesis weekly by your supervisor. 

However, writing a PhD thesis is still tedious work. Read our guide on how to write a PhD thesis . 

In the second phase of the fourth year, you can submit your thesis (once university approved it). And you can appear for viva voce. 

At the end of the 4th year or starting of the fifth year, your viva got completed. If your thesis is not rejected or major indications are not given. 

As I said, ideally if you work sincerely you can complete your work within four years. If you fail to do so, you may have to pass a couple of more years to complete a PhD. 

Now I think you understand why doing a PhD is not a cup of tea for all. You indeed need to be more sincere and hardworking for doing it. 

PhD courses in India: 

Engineering: 

Science: 

Other specialised subjects: 

Arts and humanities: 

Management and commerce subjects: 

Other subjects: 

List of universities for doing PhD in India: 

IIT- Indian Indian Institute of technology  

Indian Institute of Technology is one of the topmost universities across India. It is a type of public technical university and established on 15 September 1956 via the Indian Institute of technology act 1956.

The IIT is located in 23 cities in India. Among all, IIT Mumbai, IIT Roorkee and IIT Varanasi are very popular. However, other cities are Jammu, Mandi, Poddar, Delhi, Jodhpur, Kanpur, Patna, Guwahati, Kharagpur, Dhanbad, Indore, Bhilai, Gandhinagar, Bhubaneswar, Hyderabad, Goa, Dharwad, Tirupati, Chennai and Palakkad. 

IIT offers a PhD in various disciplines of technology. Major PhD subjects are electronics and communication, mechanical engineering, biotechnology and chemical engineering. 

Website- Council of Indian Institute of Technology 

IISc- Indian Institute of Science 

The Indian Institute of Science was established in 1909.  It is a type of public research university situated in Bangalore. IISc is the topmost university for doing research and higher education in science and engineering in India, Affiliated with UGC, NAAC, AIU and ACU. 

PhD subjects offered by IISc: 

Biochemistry, Molecular reproduction; development and genetics, microbiology and cell biology, neuroscience, materials research, organic chemistry, mathematics, physics, computational and data science, chemical engineering, civil engineering, earth science, climate change and other. 

For more detail please visit the official website: Indian Institute of science.

IIM- Indian Institute of management  

The IIM was established to study management and related subjects in India. It is situated at Jammu, Amritsar, Sirmaur, Kashipur, Rohtak, Udaipur, Ahmedabad, Lucknow, Shillong, Bodh Gaya, Ranchi, Calcutta, Indore, Nagpur, Sambalpur, Visakhapatnam, Bangalore, Kozhikode and Tiruchirappalli.

They offer PhD programs for Finance & accounting, information system, decision science, economics and social science, marketing, production and operational management, public policy, strategy and entrepreneurship. 

Visit the official website of IIM- Indian Institute of Management .

University of Delhi 

The university of Delhi often known as Delhi University (DU) was established in 1922 by the central legislative assembly act. It is a type of collegiate public central university of India, provides various graduation, postgraduate and PhD courses. The Delhi University offers PhD programs in various disciplines of science, commerce, arts and management. 

Visit the official website of the Delhi University for a full list of subjects offered by them: University of Delhi -list of PhD subjects.

Banaras Hindu University 

The Banaras Hindu University was established in 1916 by Mohan Malaviya with the help of Annie besant. BHU is one of the top Hindu University of India located in Varanasi, Uttarpradesh.

Interestingly, it is one of the largest residential universities in Asia with more than 30,000 students living within campus. A type of open public university BHU provides various undergraduate, postgraduate and PhD courses in various subjects. 

Major PhD subjects are Education, management studies, Sanskrit, Environment & sustainable development, Ayurveda, medicine, science, social science, dental science, Agriculture and Arts. 

Visit the official website of Banaras Hindu University for more details on various subjects offered by them- Banaras Hindu University- PhD subjects . 

PhD notification and announcements- Banaras Hindu University .

Punjab University 

Punjab University was established in 1882 as a public university. It was relocated in Chandigarh in 1947 after the partition. PU is one of the oldest universities in India.

It provides various graduation, postgraduate and PhD courses in Arts, science, commerce and engineering. Some of the PhD programs at PU are Arts, law, medical science, Pharmaceutical science, Design & fine arts, business & management and science. 

For more detail visit the official website of Punjab University- Punjab University- PhD . 

GTU- Gujarat Technical University

GTU was established in 2007 as the governing body for technical courses, especially in Gujarat.

It is a state university which affiliated courses majorly engineering, Pharmacy and other technical subjects. GTU provides PhD programs in various subjects of engineering. 

Visit the official site of GTU- Gujarat Technical University .

University of Kerala: 

The University of Kerala was established in 1937 by Chithira Thirunal Balarama Varma, affiliated to UGC. Formerly It was known as the University of Travancore.

It’s situated in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala. Notably, It was established before the birth of Kerala state.  The university provides various PhD programs in different disciplines of science, arts and commerce. 

For more detail visit the official webpage of KU- Research Portal- Kerala university .

Besides, other well known and reputed universities are enlisted here: 

• Amity university 
• Anna university 
• Birla institute of technology and science 
• Manipal university 
• Calicut university 
• Chaudhary Charan Singh university 
• ICFAI university 
• University of Lucknow 
• Jaipur national university 
• Gujarat technical university 
• Gujarat university 
• Jawaharlal Nehru university 
• University of Calcutta 
• University of Mumbai 
• AIIMS 
• Amity school of engineering and technology 
• Chandigarh university 
• MMU, Ambala 
• Institute of microbial technology 
• PEC university of technology 

We will discuss the various PhD courses in our next articles with their fees structure, scholarship option and other information. 

Conclusion:

As I said, doing a PhD in India is a tedious process. Still, It is a good hierarchy. Fees are fair, the process is good and supervisors are talented. So for brilliant students, doing a PhD in India is a good option. Further, Due to the complexity of the process, the chance of corruption is very less.

Dr. Tushar Chauhan is a Scientist, Blogger and Scientific-writer. He has completed PhD in Genetics. Dr. Chauhan is a PhD coach and tutor.

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Dr Tushar Chauhan

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Ph.D Admissions

The Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) is the highest degree one can gain through structured education, training and research. The education and training of doctoral students are two of the most important aspects of the Institute of Advanced Research. The pursuit of knowledge through research in doctoral degree leads to exciting careers in India and abroad. PhD students also play a key role in our commitment to advance the knowledge to address national and global challenges. The aim of the PhD program is to provide research training in a manner that fosters the development of independent research skill as well as professional competencies in students. These skills include the ability to formulate a problem that requires research and investigation, to develop appropriate conceptual and methodological skills, and to relate the student’s research to a broader knowledge in the area of study. All PhD students are required to develop a substantive thesis based on critical analysis of their research and published studies in their subject area.

PhD Admission Notification 20224 – 25

Students intending to get into the Ph.D. program at IAR, Gandhinagar, must go through the following admission process:

• Complete online application form
• To appear in the PET examination conducted by IAR, Gandhinagar. NET & GATE qualified candidates are exempted for PET examination.
• The  PET   examination  will have questions in two sections as given below:
• Section I:  General aptitude (Common for all the departments)
• Section II:  Subjects specific questions from the department. (Department/Subject Specific)
• Both the sections will carry 50-50% weightage. Each Section will carry 50 Questions of 1 mark each and the total duration of the Written Test will be of two hours. The Test will be objective type with multiple-choice questions.
• Those who secure at least 50% marks in the Written Test (45% marks in case of Reserved Category) will be shortlisted for the interview (Online) in order of merit.
• The List of candidates eligible for the interview (Online) will be displayed on the University Notice board and IAR web site.
• Candidates shortlisted after the interview will be intimated to follow the other formalities related to Ph.D. admission at IAR
• A master’s degree or equivalent professional degree from a recognized university with at least 55% marks in aggregate or its equivalent grade.
• A 4-year/8-semester bachelor’s degree programme or an equivalent professional degree from a recognized university with at least 75% marks in aggregate or its equivalent grade.
• An MPhil degree from a recognized university with at least 55% marks in aggregate or its equivalent grade
• Candidates appearing in the final year examination may be allowed to appear in the PET examination subject to production of proof of valid document for their minimum qualification at the time of admission.
• A relaxation of 5% marks or its equivalent grade may be allowed for those belonging to SC/ST/OBC (non-creamy layer)/Differently-Abled, Economically Weaker Section (EWS) and other categories of candidates as per the decision of the UGC from time to time.
• The candidates who qualify UGC-NET, UGC-CSIR NET (Including JRF) / GATE / UGC-NET-Category 3/ CEED similar national level test shall be exempted from appearing in the PhD Entrance Test .
• For Part-Time Ph.D. students must be present at IAR for at least 90 days within the year in addition to the Course work duration.
• Ph.D. program in part-time mode shall be for a minimum duration of 4 years. ( The other guidelines related to Part-Time Ph.D. will be similar as indicated in UGC Regulation 2016, 2018, 2022 for Regular Ph.D. students ).
• If a Part-Time Ph.D. student is an employee of some organization, they must have to produce the Consent and No. Objection Certificate from the Employer at the time of the application of Ph.D. program at IAR Gandhinagar.

(The eligibility criteria are subject to change as per any amendment in UGC Ph.D. regulation 2022)

* University reserves right to vary intake capacity depending on the areas of specialisation and availability of research facilities.

Previous Year Question Paper-Ph.D. Entrance Test

* Business Management

* Chemical Engineering

* Chemistry

* Computer Science & Engineering

* Life Sciences

Q: Does the University provide financial support to PhD students?

A: University encourages PhD student to secure their own fellowship for better recognition in their carrier. In certain cases, the research scholar may be paid from the project grant, if available with the supervisor. However, the university provides fellowships to limited students for limited duration, during which they are expected to have their own fellowship.

Q: What is the duration of PhD courses?

A: University follows UGC (Minimum Standards and Procedure for Award of M.PHIL./PH.D Degrees) Regulations, 2022, according to which the minimum tenure is 3 years and the maximum duration is 5+1 +1 years after the formal registration to PhD.

Q: Is there any hostel facility available for PhD student?

A: University provides hostel facility with additional cost. Plenty of private hostels, Pay Guesthouses and houses for rent are also available nearby.

Q: What is the procedure for NET/GATE qualified student to register for PhD?

A: NET/GATE qualified students are exempted from University PhD entrance test (PET). However, they must apply for PhD program by filling up the application form and paying the application form. It is mandatory for every student to appear for an interview before the Doctoral Research Committee. Students will be enrolled in PhD Programme based on the merit list.

Q: How many PET exams are conducted per year?

A: PET exam is conducted once a year between June and July. However, if there are enough vacancy a second PET may be organized between November and December. Students are requested to visit our website regarding updates on the same.

Q: What is the procedure for Part time PhD program?

A: University provides opportunity for Part-time  as per UGC regulations 2022.

Q:   How many intake number are there per academic session?

A: Based on the requirement from each faculty the no. may vary every year. Every year intake no. would be announced along with date and details of PhD Admission Notification.

Q: Can results awaited student appear for PET and Register for PhD?

A: Yes. Candidates appearing in the final year examination may be allowed to appear in the PET examination subject to production of proof of valid document for their minimum qualification at the time of admission.

Q: Can a student join as trainee or research fellow in between academic session and register PhD?

A: Yes. University faculties have external and internal funded projects. These projects require project assistants and JRFs. Vacancies for PA and JRFs will be announced regularly in University website. These students joined under project investigator can register for PhD under university recognized guide in next academic cycle.

Q: What are subjects available for PhD registration?

A: Following are the subjects:

• Biotechnology and Bioengineering ( Biotechnology, Microbiology, Chemistry, Chem.Engineering, Bioprocess Engineering )
• Computer Sciences and Engineering ( Physics, Computer Science and Engineering )
• Business and Management ( Business and Management, Language and Literature )

PS: Discipline specific research areas can be seen under faculty profile of each department.

Admission Procedure

Important dates & schedule, fees & scholarships, download prospectus, counselling, academic programs, infrastructure & facilities, research & innovation, stay connected with us.

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Home » Career Guidance » A Comprehensive Guide to Applying for a PhD in India [2024]

A Comprehensive Guide to Applying for a PhD in India [2024]

Quick Summary

• A PhD is a postgraduate research degree in India. It’s the highest academic degree in the country. 
• The cost of a PhD course in India differs based on the kind of university people choose. However, if you take estimates, it can cost you around 80k to 2 lacs.
• For admission in PhD in India, students require a Master’s degree in a relevant field. An overall grade point average of at least 55% (or equivalent) is required.

Table of Contents

Did you know that India produces over 20 thousand PhD holders , making it one of the top 5 countries with the most PhD holders?

Sounds great right?

And this number of PhD holders is only going to increase in upcoming years, with the rise in new technologies and scientific research more and more people will pursue a PhD in India.

If you are also thinking about pursuing PhD degree, then read this article till the end to know all about doing PhD in India. 

PhD in India- Course Highlights

Reasons To Pursue a PhD in India

It is known that the purpose of a PhD is to teach individuals how to conduct research in a field. Candidates learn how to write scholarly papers and present findings, along with gaining skills like critical thinking, problem-solving, and communication. However, there are career-related reasons to choose PhD course, and these reasons are:

• Getting monthly allowances from the government to fund research.
• A PhD student is seen as an expert in their field, thus, making them eligible for job openings related to teaching and research.
• A chance to go to other countries for Academic Exchange Programs and learn various things.
• Getting complete control over what you want to study and how you wish to continue with your research.
• A PhD student gets to interact and work with the best academicians in their field and the professional experts who will guide them during their research.

Types of PhD Courses in India

There are different types of PhD degrees, some are based on distance and some are based on stream. Here is the list of major types of PhD in India.

Common PhD Degrees

Stream-wise PhD Degrees

Major PhD in India Entrance Exams

Every university takes its entrance exam for admission and checks the qualification for a PhD of every applicant. However, some entrance exams are conducted on a national level and have more importance. These are the major PhD course entrance exams.

Have a read at a Comprehensive Guide to Entrance Exams after Graduation .

PhD in India- Eligibility Criteria

Getting admission in PhD course is not an easy task, and if you are trying to get admission to any PhD program, check for these PhD eligibility criteria beforehand.

• The candidate must have completed a Master’s degree i.e. (MTech/ MSc/ MA/ MPhil/ MBA). And it must be a full-time Master’s course from a recognised university by the government.
• The overall grade point average of the candidate’s Master’s program must be at least 55% (or equivalent).
• Candidates under SC, ST, and OBC categories will be given 5%- or 10%-mark relaxations. Applicants must present their reservation certificate to use these benefits.
• The candidate must pass the PhD entrance exam.
• A No Objection Certificate (NOC) f rom the educational institution or company where candidates are employed is required. Candidates must have job experience in a related field for a part-time PhD.

PhD Course Structure

1. coursework.

In PhD courses, students take a set have to take core courses or seminars in their field of study to build foundational knowledge. The coursework varies according to university but does includes both required and elective courses.

2. Research proposal

After completing the core courses, students must develop a research proposal outlining the problem they plan to investigate, the research questions they aim to answer, and the methods they will use to collect and analyze data.

3. Comprehensive exams

Before beginning their research for PhD course, students need to pass certain comprehensive exams covering their field of study to demonstrate their competence in the subject matter.

4. Research

Once students have completed their coursework and passed their comprehensive exams, they can begin their research. This typically involves conducting experiments, collecting data, or engaging in other research activities to answer the questions outlined in their research proposal.

5. Dissertation

The final requirement for a PhD course completion is the dissertation, which is a book-length document outlining the student’s research findings, conclusions, and contributions to their field of study. The dissertation has to be defended in front of a committee of faculty members and other experts in the field.

Read more: Complete Guide to Writing a Research Paper

5 Step PhD Course Admission Process

There is Candidates must take the following seven steps to apply for a PhD in India:

Step 1 Find a Mentor

PhD students should find a supervisor willing to support them through their PhD journey. After finding a supervisor, candidates can apply offline or online. Almost all colleges and universities accept online applications now. However, if you wish, you can apply via the offline process by visiting the office of the university.

Step 2 Fill Online Admission Form

Candidates must complete the online PhD admission form before applying on the university or college website. All the needed qualification for PhD is listed on the university’s official website and should be met. The online application is rejected if candidates fail to meet these requirements.

Step 3 Submit Necessary Documents

After completing the online application form, candidates must provide all necessary papers. These documents may include your passing certificate, degree, and migration certificate. Check the list of papers on the website before applying for the PhD admissions.

Step 4 Pass the Entrance Exam

The college/university needs PhD entrance exam. This exam must be taken after completing the application form. Fill out the form for the entrance exam and appear for it.

Step 5 Pass the Interview

Upon passing the PhD entrance exam, candidates will be invited for a doctoral academic interview. Admission is based on the academic doctoral interview and PhD entrance exam results. The institution or college decides the grades of students at each level and after passing the interview and fulfilling some other requirements you get admission.

Top Colleges for PhD in India

Top 10 Career Options After PhD in India

Source: Ambition Box

Plan Your Career in PhD

Being known as PhD holder is something to be proud of, not just because it’s a symbol of great knowledge but also a great future. If you want a career like this then doing PhD in India is the best choice and if you are confused about how you are going to get admission in PhD, then re-read the article. Do your research, know which specialization you want to choose and excel in your PhD course.

Make sure you carefully explore all your professional options because your career is extremely important. Before making the right decision, look over our  career advice.

Frequently Asked Questions

The cost of a PhD course in India differs based on the kind of university people choose. However, if you take estimates, it can cost you around 80k to 2 lacs. This figure can go up or down based on whether you choose a private institute or a government one.

A PhD program lasts for three to five years. Candidates have a maximum of five to six years to finish the program. The course length may be different for different institutes and the time taken by student in completing their thesis.

For admission in PhD in India, students require a Master’s degree in a relevant field. An overall grade point average of at least 55% (or equivalent) is required. In addition to this, candidates must know the language in which the course is taught and evaluated. Now, an MPhil degree is not a must for PhD admissions.

Getting a PhD in India is not easy. Candidates pursuing PhDs in India must pass the entrance exams such as NET. This written exam checks if they have the relevant subject knowledge to conduct advanced research. Candidates must further clear a PhD interview exam. Candidates must clear these rounds before pursuing PhDs in their chosen areas of specialization.

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(a) Candidates with a Bachelor’s degree in Biology/Biotechnology/ Chemistry/ Physics/ Mathematics/ Pharmacy/ Veterinary Sciences/ Agriculture as applicable to individual discipline, under the 10+2+3/4 system, are eligible to apply to this program.

(b) The minimum requirement for admission to the Integrated Ph D programme is a FIRST CLASS or equivalent Grade in the Bachelor’s degree (as declared by the University) as indicated against each department.

(c) The minimum requirement of FIRST CLASS in the qualifying examination is relaxed to PASS CLASS for SC/ST candidates.

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• 08 December 2021

India’s PhD students want fellowship tenures extended

Panjab University students demanding that their library and laboratories be opened in June 2021 in Chandigarh, India. Credit: Ravi Kumar/Hindustan Times via Getty Images

More than 40% of India’s PhD scholars, mostly in state-run institutions, failed to make any progress in their work due to the COVID-19 pandemic, a survey of 2,017 doctoral students by a forum for young scientists has revealed.

Failure to continue field work, delayed or discontinued funding, blocked access to laboratories and libraries severely impacted the scholars’ work, particularly those in the early years of their PhD, according to the survey by the Indian National Young Academy of Sciences (INYAS) conducted in October 2020.

Most of the respondents (70%) were in their first four years of PhD work. As funding reduced to a trickle during the pandemic, institutes failed to pay students the fellowship money, often the only source of income for PhD students in India. Almost 28% of the respondents had not received the financial support from their institutes and 14% had been partially funded since March 2020.

More than half (54%) of the scholars had no other financial aid available for research. About 6% reported having received some help from their supervisors or guides.

Fellowships were discontinued for more than half (54%) of the scholars before they could complete their thesis. Almost 47% of the rest had between six months to a year of fellowship tenure left, and most reported they would be unable to complete their thesis in that time.

INYAS conducted the survey to gauge how the COVID-19 pandemic had impacted these early-career researchers. The survey revealed that sudden lockdowns risked contamination of research samples and chemicals in many abandoned laboratories. Academics lost crucial time, and many suffered setbacks due to complete or partial loss of laboratory work.

The scholars surveyed told INYAS that this exacerbated anxiety levels, according to Upasana Ray, a member of the academy and a senior scientist at the CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata.

More than half those who had completed their PhD by March 2020 — just before COVID-19 hit — were still looking for work opportunities. Around 18% continue to work in their research laboratories with little or no earnings. About 36% told INYAS they were keen to leave India in search of opportunities to further their academic work or to find jobs in another country.

From among those who had conducted field work, fully or partly, almost 40% reported using the lockdowns and restrictions to work on their manuscripts. An equal number of respondents, however, said they made no progress.

Most PhD scholars surveyed sought an extension of their fellowship deadlines by at least six months beyond their scheduled five years to submit their theses. They also called for an increase in the number of post-doctoral fellowship positions in central institutes in India and a relaxation in age limits to compensate for the loss of time.

The age criteria is not only important for applications to post-doctoral positions but also for entry- level jobs, said INYAS member, N. Nishad Fathima, a senior principal scientist at the CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute in Chennai. An increase in the number of government jobs for PhD awardees without post-doctoral experience would help alleviate the harsh experience of those holding doctorates, the survey found.

The INYAS has shared the survey results and recommendations with the office of India's Principal Scientific Advisor. Ray said they will also send the scholars’ feedback to science funders, the Department of Science and Technology, the Science and Engineering Research Board and the Department of Biotechnology.

doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/d44151-021-00080-4

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Basic Eligibility is a Masters degree. If you think you are an exceptionally good candidate, you can apply for a direct PhD after BTech/B.E. with a valid GATE score. IITH typically admits students to the PhD program twice in a year, in the month of Nov and in the month of April. IITH does not make newspaper advertisements regarding admission and the aspirants are requested to follow our website for admission notification. The applications received are screened by the individual departments and the successful applicants will be called for a written test and interview. The financial assistance for the Ph.D. program under MoE (Ministry of Education) and all other funding categories except PMRF and External category across all departments is 5 years.

All the departments at IITH offer PhD program. The eligibility criteria for PhD admission in the engineering departments is a Masters degree. If you think you are an exceptionally good candidate, you can apply for a direct PhD after B.Tech./B.E. with valid GATE score. IITH typically admits students to the PhD program twice a year. IITH do not make newspaper advertisements regarding admission and the aspirants are requested to follow our website for admission notification. Typically the notification comes out in the month of Nov and in the month of April. The applications received are screened by the individual departments and the successful applicants will be called for a written test and interview. The financial assistance for the PhD program under MoE (Ministry of Education) category across all departments is 5 years.

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Hit by Pandemic, PhD Scholars in India Want Research Tenures Extended

Representative image. Photo: Chokniti Khongchum/Pexels

• Nearly 40% of respondents in a survey said they were unable to make progress in their PhD work thanks to pandemic-related problems.
• This was because of their inability to conduct field work, lack of access to laboratories and libraries, and irregular funding from the government.
• Many of them have thus sought at least a six-month extension beyond the five-year limit and an increase in post-doctoral fellowship amounts.

New Delhi: Four out of ten research scholars in India were unable to make any progress in their PhD work due to the COVID-19 pandemic, a survey has found, mainly due to inability to conduct field work, laboratories and libraries being closed and irregular funding. Consequently, most of them want an extension of at least six months beyond the five-year limit to submit their theses to make up for lost.

The survey, conducted by the Indian National Young Academy of Sciences (INYAS) conducted in October 2020, included over 2,000 doctoral candidates, mostly in government funded institutions. Its findings were reported by Nature India .

According to the report, more than two-thirds of respondents (70%) were in their first four years of PhD work. “As funding reduced to a trickle during the pandemic, institutes failed to pay students the fellowship money, often the only source of income for PhD students in India,” it says.

More than half (54%) the respondents asid they had no other financial aid available for research, while a small minority (6%) said they received some help from their guides.

Nearly 30% of the respondents did not receive the financial support from their institutes and 14% received only partial funding since March 2020, after the onset of the pandemic.

According to Nature India , fellowships were discontinued for more than half (54%) of the scholars before they could complete their thesis. Among the rest, nearly half the respondents had only between six months to a year of tenure left. They felt they would be unable to complete their thesis in time.

Respondents submitted that sudden lockdowns, imposed after the outbreak of COVID-19, “risked contamination of research samples and chemicals in many abandoned laboratories”. The scholars also lost crucial time and suffered many setbacks “due to complete or partial loss of laboratory work”.

Apart from calling for an extension of their tenure by at least six month, many scholars also hoped for an increase in post-doctoral fellowship positions in central institutions and a relaxation in age limits.

INYAS member, N. Nishad Fathima, a senior principal scientist at the CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute in Chennai, told Nature India that the age criteria is important not just for applications to post-doctoral positions but also for entry- level jobs.

The survey also included some respondents who had finished their PhD by March 2020. More than half were still “looking for work opportunities”, accoding to Nature India . Nearly one-fifth were continuing to work in their research laboratories with little or no earnings. About 36% were keen to leave India, either to further their academic work or to find jobs.

INYAS has shared the results of the survey and its recommendations with the office of India’s principal scientific advisor K. VijayRaghavan.

The findings of the survey mirror issues that science journalists have written about over the past 18 months. The Wire Science has reported on the abrupt closing down of laboratories and the problem of irregular funding.

T.V. Padma reported in April 2020 that the lockdown ground research across the country to a halt as hostels were evacuated. The report said that many chemistry research projects “have gone into deep freeze”. Additionally:

“Genetics, drug discovery and toxicity studies, among other areas of biological research, bank on molecular tools, cell lines, protein isolation and a clutch of blotting techniques used to prepare genetic materials for further examination – none of which can be speeded up or suspended on short notice without compromising the quality of research.”

The report also says that institutes that are funded by state governments or irregularly by the Union government were worse off.

Meanwhile, Sukanya Charuchandra reported on funding problems faced by science researchers in late June 2020. The Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), a network of 37 government laboratories, had not paid stipends to hundreds of research scholars after the lockdown was imposed in March 2020. The lockdown, she wrote, had clogged a system that was “already notorious for backlogs”.

More than 8,000 fellows are employed by CSIR at its numerous institutions. CSIR director Shekhar Mande told The Wire Science at the time that “50% of payments” were made despite of the delays and acknowledged that this number does not make him proud.

The delays, one researcher told Charuchandra, mean that though he has “money on paper” he had to “seek help from friends, which is very depressing and demotivating to continue research.”

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BITS Pilani is a Deemed to be University, offering on-campus programs to more than 18,500 students across its campuses in Pilani, Goa, Hyderabad, Mumbai and Dubai.It has been recognized as an Institute of Eminence by the Ministry of Education, Government of India in 2020.

QS World University Subject Rankings 2024 has ranked BITS Pilani globally at

• 101-150 in Pharmacy and Pharmacology
• 301-350 in 4 subjects namely, EEE, Computer Science, Mechanical and Chemical Engineering
• 451-500 in 3 subjects, namely, Mathematics, Business & management Studies and Physics & Astronomy
• 501-550 in Chemistry

In ǪS Asia University Rankings 2024, BITS has been ranked 215th in Asia and at 22nd in India. Further, BITS Pilani has been ranked among the top 300 in ǪS World University Graduate Employability Rankings 2022 and within top 6 in India.

Having pioneered several curricular and pedagogic attributes, BITS Pilani has a vision to be amongst the top research-led Institutes in the country. The qualities of innovation, enterprise, commitment to excellence, adherence to merit, and transparency, have characterized the Institute during its inexorable march to eminence.

The Institute has secured over Rs 398 crores as external research funding in the last 5 years. State of the art facilities have been developed to support cutting edge research, led by students and about 930 faculty members, leading to a Scopus h-index of 156, with 221 patents filed so far, and 41 patents granted. Currently, there are 14 BITSian Unicorns and 1 Decacorn. There are over 7500 BITSian founders and co-founders of enterprises.

Doctoral Programme (Ph.D.)

List of Candidates shortlisted for Ph.D. Admission Test and/or Interview is now available

Admissions portal open 01st march 2024.

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List of Candidates shortlisted for Ph.D. Admission Test and/or Interview is now available.

• CLICK HERE to know the Result.

Department preference with regard to the full-time and part-time Ph.D student admission is given in the table below.

Yes – A Department intends to admit students under the specified mode. No – A Department does not intend to admit students under the specified mode.

Minimum Eligibility Qualifications

ME / MTech / MPharm / MBA / MPhil (minimum of 60% aggregate)* MSc/BE/BPharm or an equivalent degree (minimum of 60% aggregate)* For admission into Humanities and Social Sciences, MA degree (minimum of 55% aggregate)* For part-time applicants, a minimum of one-year experience in the related field of study is required

[*In the Qualifying Degree examination]

In addition, Departments may set specific admission criteria for shortlisting. Meeting the minimum eligibility qualifications does not guarantee admission into the PhD program. Shortlisted candidates will have to appear for an admission test, which may comprise a written exam and/or interview. Information on specific Departments and related research activities is available on the Department homepage of respective campuses.

Full-time students

Preferably individuals who would like to pursue PhD in-house, residing on campus.

Part-time students

Preferably individuals who are working in organizations providing basic facilities and an environment for research.

Financial Assistance

Full-time PhD students admitted into the PhD program are eligible to be considered for an Institute fellowship of Rs. 34,000 or Rs. 37,000 per month in the first year based on their qualifications at the time of admission. Students admitted with M.E./M.Tech./M.Pharm./MBA/M.Phil. or an equivalent Degree are eligible to receive an Institute fellowship of Rs. 37,000/-. Students admitted with M.Sc./B.E./B.Pharm. or an equivalent degree are eligible to receive an Institute fellowship of Rs. 34,000/-. These students on successful completion of coursework will receive Rs. 37,000/- from the Semester following the one in which the course work was completed Higher fellowship may be made available in subsequent years. Consideration for Institute fellowship will be as per Institute norms. It will be obligatory on the part of every admitted full time student to undertake 8 hours (per week) of work as assigned to him/her by the institute.

Important Dates

The Institute reserves the right to change the above deadlines. Candidates will be informed in advance should there be such a change.

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PhD Course - Doctor of Philosophy

• Admission Process
• Popular Colleges
• PhD (Doctor of Philosophy) Course

PhD course, or Doctor of Philosophy course, is a doctorate-level course that can take 3–6 years to complete, but can be completed in 5–6 years. The course can cover a variety of subjects, including law, engineering, migration studies, medicine, anthropology, and physics. To get admission to a PhD course , candidates must hold a master's degree. Further, PhD entrance exams like the CSIR UGC NET, UGC-NET, JNUEE, and others are used in India to grant admission to PhD courses. Among the top PhD colleges that offer admission to the course are IIT Kanpur, Jadavpur University, Chandigarh University, IIT BHU, Jawaharlal Nehru University, IIT Gandhinagar, and others.

PhD syllabuses vary depending on the subject chosen by the candidate for research; however, the every PhD syllabus is designed to encourage students to conduct research. PhD subjects include the Formulation and Investigation of multiple theses, including Western Philosophy, Modern Philosophy, Indian Philosophical Studies, etc. as well as guaranteeing the safe and well-resourced completion of projects and the development of theses from research. 

Candidates could previously pursue PhD courses through distance education; however, a UGC circular issued in 2017 stated that a PhD course pursued through distance education would no longer be recognised. PhD fellowships are usually granted to candidates who have passed entrance exams such as GATE, JEST, UGC NET, and others while pursuing their PhD. Furthermore, academic institutions such as IGNOU and Delhi University (DU) provide fellowships to PhD students who are enrolled full-time. Candidates may pursue a PhD course in any field of interest. PhD candidates must choose one or more topics, conduct extensive research on them, and respond to any questions that arise. 

PhD candidates conduct original research and write original theses on a given topic. In addition to their research, students participate in extracurricular activities, attend seminars, and give presentations. Candidates with a PhD have more career options in fields such as Research, Education, Literature, Civil Service, Politics, Communications, Human Resources, Advertising, and so on.

PhD graduates in the academic sector, can pursue PhD jobs such as Research Assistants, Assistant Professors, and Scientific Writers/Editors.  PhD candidates are employed by a variety of industries, including Academic Institutions/Universities, both privately funded and government institutions. They can also work in government offices as Policy Analysts or Data Scientists. Lastly, candidates can expect to earn a PhD salary ranging between INR 8 - 10 LPA.

Table of Contents

Phd latest updates 2024, phd (doctor of philosophy) course details: highlights, what is the difference between phd and doctorate, why choose a phd degree, phd course entrance exams, phd admission process in india, direct phd admission process without entrance exam, types of phd programs, top phd (doctor of philosophy) courses in different streams, types of phd research scholars, phd fee in india, phd syllabus & subjects, phd course structure, top ranked phd colleges in india, top private phd colleges in india, top government phd colleges in india, phd scholarships offered, sponsored phd programs, career options after phd (doctor of philosophy) degree, what is an online phd (doctor of philosophy) degree, faqs about phd.

Here are the most latest updates about PhD:

• The GATE 2024 Exam will take place on February 3, 4, 10, and 11, 2024. 
• JEE Main Result 2024 for Session 1 will be released on February 12, 2024.
• Furthermore, the JEE Main Session 2 exam will be held between April 1 and April 15, 2024, with the results announced on April 25, 2024. 
• The WBJEE exam date for 2024 has been announced. WBJEE 2024 will be held on April 28, 2024, as a pen-and-paper test. 
• The first phase of the AEEE exam is over. The AEEE phase 1 results will be available by February 10. 
• The second phase of AEEE 2024 is scheduled for May 10–14, 2024. 
• Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham will accept the AEEE application form 2024 for Phase 2 until the end of April 2024. 
• The OJEE application form 2024 has been released, and the deadline for submitting it is March 15, 2024.

The major highlights of the PhD course are listed in the table below. 

A PhD is not the same as a Doctorate. They, on the other hand, confuse people. The difference between PhD and Doctorate is tabulated below.

Pursuing a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) offers numerous advantages for students interested in a specific field. 

• It allows them to explore their subject in-depth and expand their knowledge. 
• PhD students have the freedom to dedicate ample time to their research projects without feeling rushed or pressured for immediate results. 
• One of the main motivations for pursuing a PhD is to enhance employment prospects, as it opens up career opportunities that may not be accessible with just a bachelor's or master's degree. These opportunities often require specialized research skills and extensive experience. 
• Furthermore, a PhD is often a prerequisite for those aspiring to work in academia as lecturers or university researchers. 
• If you have a genuine passion for research, a PhD can be a highly rewarding pursuit, providing a sense of enjoyment and fulfillment. However, it's important to have a clear vision of your post-PhD plans. 
• If you seek a new challenge that fosters personal growth, a PhD offers a unique and highly committed educational experience with significant rewards.

PhD programmes are highly competitive, and many students apply. Because a PhD qualification is a highly valued qualification that is not offered by many colleges, students compete fiercely for admission. Colleges use an entrance exam as a screening process to ensure fairness in the decision-making process. The following are some of the most popular PhD entrance exams:

• CSIR-UGC NET
• IISc PhD Entrance Exam
• JNU Entrance Examination
• BHU – Research Entrance Test
• NIPER PhD Entrance Exam    
• AIIMS PhD Entrance Exam  

The eligibility criteria for the aforementioned entrance exams vary because they are entirely dependent on the conduction body. As each college or subject has its own governing body, the format of the entrance exams varies depending on the specialization. Some general guidelines for PhD entrance examinations are listed below:

• There will be logical, reasoning, and knowledge-based questions on the exam. The test will be conducted both online and offline
• The papers will be objective, and if there are any subjective questions, they will be asked to assess argument and reasoning skills
• A university's/conduction body's syllabus, mode of examination, and question pattern may change.

PhD admissions are mostly chosen through entrance exams. There are a few universities, however, where admission is also based on merit. A candidate must be eligible for the course in order to apply for PhD admissions. PhD admission requires a Master's degree or an MPhil with an aggregate of at least 55% from any recognised university in the country or a foreign university. Candidates with an MTech or ME degree are also eligible to apply.  

To be able to apply for PhD admission 2024, candidates must meet the eligibility criteria.

PhD (Doctor of Philosophy) Eligibility Criteria

Candidates are only eligible to pursue a PhD if they have completed a master's degree in a related course/field/stream to which they are interested in getting a PhD. Some colleges seek candidates to have completed an MPhil before enrolling in a PhD course.

Other than that, many colleges state that candidates who have passed the UGC NET are eligible for PhD programmes offered by them. Candidates wishing to pursue a PhD in Engineering must have a valid GATE score.

PhD Eligibility Criteria Category-Wise

Some of the basic eligibility for PhD admission are mentioned below:

• Students must have a done Master’s degree (MSc/MTech/MPhil/MA/MBA) in a relevant subject, in order to study a PhD Course
• The student should have scored at least 55% marks or equivalent grade points in the PG course that he studied in any government-recognized institute. In case the candidate belongs to a reserved category (SC/ST/OBC), he/ she will be offered relaxation in minimum marks of either 5% or 10%, depending on the category
• University/college mandated PhD entrance examination needs to be cleared by the candidate to ensure a seat for pursuing a PhD
• In some university/colleges candidates that have work experience in the field of research are preferred highly and are given more preference

However, the following are a few examples of category-wise eligibility requirements for PhD candidates:

PhD Eligibility for Government/Semi-Government Fellowship Recipients: Full-Time Research Scholars

PhD scholars in this category are eligible for financial assistance through government/semi-government fellowship programmes

PhD Eligibility for Institute research Scholars with Teaching Assistance

PhD scholars in this category are offered Institute Teaching Assistantships as specified by the MHRD

PhD Eligibility for Self-financed Candidates (Indian/ Foreign)

• Indian self-financed: Indian candidates who self-fund their education are given seats in doctoral programmes offered by institutions based on their performance and experience. Such candidates participate in the regular admissions process for PhD courses in order to be offered admission to the institute's PhD programmes, but the institute does not provide them with any financial support
• Foreign self-financed: Only after they receive the required "no objection certificate" from MHRD, the Indian government, and other required approvals from India's Ministry of External Affairs, are foreign self-financed candidates offered admission through the embassy of their home nation.

PhD Eligibility for Candidate Sponsors

These PhD candidates are supported to conduct full-time research at the relevant institution by (recognised) Research and Development organisations.

PhD Eligibility for Candidates for Study Leaves

For a period of less than three years, government organisations, businesses, and educational institutions grant study leaves to applicants who fall into this category so they can conduct research at the designated institution. For admission as a PhD scholar in this category, the candidate's institute or employer must provide a letter of leave.

PhD Eligibility for ICCR Awardees

If they have been given a scholarship by their government, foreign candidates who are supported by their respective governments are given a seat in a PhD programme under the Indian Council of Cultural Relations (ICCR) award holders' category.

PhD Eligibility for Part-time Scholars in Research

The following categories are available for applicants at an institute seeking admission as part-time research scholars:

• Research Assistants
• Institute staff/ Faculty
• Project Staff
• External Sponsored Candidates

Steps to apply for PhD Admission 2024

PhD Admission 2024 is majorly based on entrance exam. The UGC NET, which is administered twice a year, is one of several entrance exams used for PhD admission. Admission to Central universities is available. JRF-GATE, the IISC PhD Entrance Exam, the VMOU PhD, the IPU PhD, and the IGNOU PhD are additional PhD entrance exams. A few universities also have entrance exams specifically designed for PhD courses. Applicants may also sit for entrance examinations like the GATE, NET, and CSIR NET to be considered for PhD admissions in India.

To apply for PhD or research course, applicants must complete the following steps:

Step 1: Go to the official website of the college or university, review all of the information about the PhD course it offers, and select the field of study you want to pursue.

Step 2: Candidates must keep a look out for any admission updates or visit the university's official website to complete their application for admission to the course of their choice.

Step 3: Candidates must then complete and submit their PhD application forms in accordance with the educational institution's timeline. Applicants must also submit all required paperwork and the application fee on time in order to be considered for PhD admission.

Step 4: Some colleges and universities may require a research proposal in addition to the application form. The application is submitted to the educational institution's research unit, which reviews it along with the research proposal.

Step 5: Following the review of the PhD application, the majority of colleges and universities shortlist the names of candidates who must appear for the entrance exam and other admissions processes that are held to select applicants for admission to the PhD course they offer.

Step 6: Candidates are assigned supervisors or guides for their PhD research after being admitted to PhD course based on their performance in the admission rounds.

Skills Required for PhD Graduate

PhD graduates must possess a set of skills essential for success in their careers, extending beyond their research proficiency. These skills are crucial for thriving in the workplace after completing their research. These skills include:

• Proficiency in quantitative analysis
• Strong research abilities
• Sharp analytical skills
• Capacity to handle high-pressure situations
• Effective interpersonal skills

In most colleges and universities, PhD admissions are decided by merit. A written 10+2 exam, a series of in-person interviews, and/or a qualifying exam relevant to the programme will determine which candidates are accepted into the PhD programme. Under such circumstances, candidates are usually selected on the basis of their academic standing and their results on a prior relevant exam.

In India, there are three basic types of PhD programmes. They are full-time PhDs, part-time PhDs, and online PhDs.

Students can check out below some popular PhD courses that they can pursue in different streams:

Popular PhD Course in Humanities

PhD in humanities consists of courses that critically examine human thought and culture. These courses usually deal with the effect of art, music, literature, the arts, and philosophy on the world we live in. Students pursuing a PhD in Humanities course must focus more on abstract questions rather than on technical skills. 

The students pursuing a PhD degree in Arts would learn and research in depth about the development of ideas and concepts, behavioural patterns and the challenges faced, functioning of a society, human interactions and relationships, etc. Students can check online some of the popular PhD courses in Humanities and Arts mentioned below: 

• PhD in Humanities
• PhD Economics
• PhD Geography
• PhD in Social Work
• PhD in English
• PhD in Public and Economic Policy
• PhD in Humanities & Social Sciences
• PhD in Psychology
• PhD in Arts
• PhD in International Relations and Politics
• PhD in Physiology
• PhD in Public Policy

Popular PhD Course in Science

PhD Science is a doctorate level course with a duration of 3 to 5 years during which students from MSc or MTech background can learn more about this field. It involves candidates to research any one of the PhD subjects like Physics, Chemistry, Biology, etc. 

At the end of the course, the student will have to submit the research thesis to earn a PhD Science degree. Students can check out some of the popular online PhD courses in Science mentioned below: 

• PhD in Chemistry
• PhD in Clinical Research
• PhD in Science
• PhD in Bioscience
• PhD in Bioinformatics
• PhD Biotechnology
• PhD in Mathematical and Computational Sciences
• PhD in Environmental Science and Engineering
• PhD Zoology
• PhD in Physics
• Phd in Mathematics
• PhD in Zoology  

Popular PhD Courses in Commerce

PhD in Commerce is a doctorate course with a minimum duration of two years with certain universities requiring the candidates to complete the course within five years of time along with the thesis or research paper. There are some universities that provide part-time PhD in commerce. 

The PhD in Commerce subjects provides a greater insight in the field of commerce and accounting, finance, forecasting, management and budgeting. These courses are better suited for someone with a commerce or business background. The course provides better quality education to the students so they can serve the needs of business and industry management. Two such popular PhD courses are mentioned below: 

• PhD in Commerce Management
• PhD in Accounting and Financial Management  

Popular PhD Courses in Engineering

If you want to focus on research-based education in the field of technology then a PhD in engineering and technology is one of the best options. It involves the development of new cutting-edge technologies or research methods that can create an impact on the world. It can also be a program that focuses on the student's own desired focus, such as on learning a very specific area of engineering or technology. 

Ph.D. in Engineering and Technology is a 5-year course. Candidates who wish to pursue a PhD in engineering and technology must have a masters degree or equivalent to this degree from a recognized university. Some popular PhD Course in Engineering are mentioned below:

• PhD in Engineering
• PhD in Genetic Engineering
• PhD in Civil Engineering
• PhD in Engineering and Technology
• PhD Electronics & Communication Engineering
• PhD Computer Science Engineering
• PhD in Electronics and Communication Engineering
• PhD in Information Technology
• PhD in Production Engineering
• PhD in Chemical Engineering
• PhD in Mechanical Engineering  

Popular PhD Course in Business & Management

PhD in Business and Management is a doctorate level course that includes the activities associated with a company, such as managing, leading, monitoring, organizing and strategizing. The duration of PhD in Business Management is usually 3-years. Some popular PhD degree in Business & Management are mentioned below: 

• PhD Business Administration
• PhD in Management
• PhD in Aviation Management
• PhD in Logistics and Supply Chain Management
• PhD in Accounting and Financial Management
• PhD in Marketing/ Brand Management
• PhD in Commerce
• PhD in Commerce and Management  

Popular PhD Degree in Law

PhD in law allows the students to enhance their understanding of the legal studies. The students are taught an overview of the subject, the nuances to proceed with the cases and how to go around while studying a case, and the outlook required while looking into its details. 

PhD in Law is a 3-year full-time doctorate programme in the field of Law. PhD in law provides students with the required training which helps them pave their way in gaining exposure in their field. Some popular PhD Course in Law are mentioned below:

• PhD in Constitutional Law
• PhD in Law and Governance
• PhD in Legal Studies  

Popular PhD Degree in Teaching & Education

• PhD in Education
• PhD in Teaching  

There are 2 types of research scholars in PhD:

Full Time Research Scholars

The details about full time research scholars is given below:

Part Time Research Scholars

Individuals who seek admission under the part time research scholars at an institute are offered admission under the categories mentione below:

• External Sponsored Category
• Institute Staff/ Faculty

In India, the average PhD course fee varies from INR 50 and 6LPA, with candidates typically able to pay the fees annually. However, the PhD course fee is set by the college to which students wish to apply. PhD fees vary depending on factors such as college location, facilities, faculty, and infrastructure. PhD programmes allow students to apply for scholarships from private companies, colleges, and non-governmental organisations. These scholarships benefit students by reducing their financial burdens and encouraging them to pursue their research. 

PhD syllabus will be determined by the subject chosen by the student. It is worth noting that the PhD programme is available in nearly all major disciplines, including Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics, Bio-Sciences, Clinical Research, Zoology, Applied Sciences, Economics, Social Work, Literature, Arts, Psychology, and Social Sciences.

The student will have approximately 3-5 years to complete their PhD programme. The student will be required to submit an original research thesis on a specific topic at the end of the programme.

Topics for the research paper could include:

• Introduction to the Topic 
• Research Design 
• Research Foundation 
• Quality Standards 
• Structure and Size

For your ease, we have included PhD syllabuses for a few subjects.

PhD Syllabus for Science Specialisation

The following is the PhD Syllabus or Doctor of Philosophy syllabus in Science. The programme lasts between three and five years. The syllabus is divided into semesters, and the PhD subjects covered are listed below. Each year is divided into two semesters.

PhD Syllabus for Management Studies Specialization

PhD Syllabus or Doctor of Philosophy syllabus in management studies course is mentioned below. The given PhD syllabus is semester-wise with the PhD subjects mentioned below. 

PhD Syllabus for Engineering and Technology Specialization

PhD Syllabus in engineering and technology is given below. The PhD course is for 5 years. The given PhD subjects are topic wise:

PhD in Legal Studies Syllabus

The Syllabus of PhD in legal studies is given below. The course is for 3 years. The given PhD subjects are coursewise:

PhD in Philosophy Syllabus

PhD syllabus in Philosophy course is given below. The course is for 3 years to 6 years. The given syllabus is paper-wise. There are 4 papers including elective exams with the PhD subjects mentioned below:

PhD in English Literature Syllabus

PhD Syllabus or Doctor of Philosophy syllabus in English literature course is given below. The duration of this PhD course is for 3 years to 5 years. The PhD subjects covered in this course are mentioned below. 

PhD in Economics Syllabus

PhD Syllabus of Economics course is given below.  There are a total of 4 papers with the elective exam. All of the papers along with various PhD subjects are mentioned below. 

The steps that candidates must take when pursuing a PhD course in order to be awarded a PhD degree are as follows:

• When candidates are accepted into PhD programmes at educational institutions, they must submit a research proposal as well as a research topic.
• Then, candidates are assigned a research supervisor or guide.
• Following this, the Research Programme Coordinator/Guide/Supervisor informs candidates about the Course Work, evaluation methodology, and teaching schedule.
• Most educational institutions require aspirants to submit six-month progress reports for their research projects.
• Furthermore, as a Research Student, you must give at least two seminar presentations during your tenure as a Research Scholar and submit a Certificate in the prescribed format to the Research Unit.
• Before submitting their PhD thesis, PhD students must first publish at least one research paper in a peer-reviewed/refereed journal and then submit a Certificate in the prescribed format to the Research Unit.
• Before aspirants submit their thesis, their supervisor or guide will host a Pre-submission Seminar. This seminar will be open to everyone. As part of this seminar, candidates will submit a report with suggestions for improvement, and the supervisor will ensure that all of these suggestions are incorporated into their final thesis.
• Candidates must then incorporate all of the changes and provide a summary of their thesis to their supervisor or guide at least 45 days before submitting the thesis.
• Finally, candidates must submit their thesis in both hard and soft copy. This thesis will be reviewed by external experts. If an expert suggests any changes to the research paper submitted by the candidate, he or she must resubmit a modified thesis.
• Then, a viva-voce is held, in which candidates can openly defend their thesis and present their points of view to a panel of experts.
• Candidates who complete all of these steps to perfection will only receive a PhD degree.

Here are some of the top PhD colleges, along with their average fees, listed below:

Note: The fees listed above are subject to change.

There are various private colleges as well from where you can pursue your PhD. Some of the best private PhD colleges along with their PhD fees are given in the table below: 

Given below are some of the best PhD colleges in India to pursue your doctorate. The PhD fees for the particular college are also mentioned in the table below: 

PhD students can apply for several types of PhD scholarships, including:

PhD Scholarships in India for Students

In India, there are numerous scholarships available for Indian students pursuing a PhD, offering financial assistance to ease the burden of funding their studies. Here are some notable scholarships:

• Prime Minister Fellowship for Doctoral Research: This fellowship, supervised by the Central Government, provides financial support to meritorious students pursuing PhD courses. Recipients receive a monthly stipend of INR 70K.
• Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Fund Scholarships: These merit-based scholarships support students pursuing doctoral programs in various fields such as Science, Sociology, and Philosophy, after completing their post-graduation. The scholarship is granted for a duration of 2 years and is available to candidates below the age of 35.
• ICHR Junior Research Fellowships (JRF): Provided by the Indian Council of Historical Research, this scholarship is for students pursuing a PhD in Historical studies. It involves an entrance exam followed by an interview, and recipients typically receive a monthly amount ranging from INR 16.5 K to INR 17.6K for a period of 2 years.
• Maulana Azad National Fellowship: This fellowship, offered by the Ministry of Minority Affairs, supports financially disadvantaged students pursuing research or doctorate courses. Eligible candidates must have a family income below INR 6 LPA and have completed their post-graduation. Scholars receive INR 28K per month for a duration of 5 years.
• NCERT Doctoral Fellowship for PhD: National Council of Educational Research and Training offers this fellowship to meritorious students to cover expenses such as tuition fees, accommodation, books, and other charges. Eligibility criteria include qualifying entrance tests like the NET exam and being below the age of 35. The fellowship is provided for a duration of 3 years, with a monthly amount ranging from INR 23K - 25K.

Students who want to be funded during their doctoral studies must pass the NET exam. Passing the NET Exam ensures a stipend from the Government of India, regardless of the university. After passing the NEET, the student receives INR 31K from the Central Government.

The following are some of the best PhD scholarships in India for students pursuing Doctor of Philosophy degrees:

PhD Philosophy graduates have a wide range of career options and higher-paying jobs as a result of the knowledge and experience they gained during their studies. Graduates of the PhD Philosophy programme can find work in a variety of fields, including research, education, literature, law, civil service, science analytics, and politics. Communications, publishing, and so on.

The most common PhD Philosophy job profiles pursued by graduates are research scientist and philosophy professor. PhD Philosophy graduates have job opportunities in both the private and public sectors. Top recruiters include IIT Patna, Mathworks, Archaeological Survey of India, Nalanda University, Election Commission of India, CNN, BBC, Dr. Reddy's Laboratories, and others. These top companies hire such professionals and pay them an average salary of INR 10-20 LPA.

Some of the major job profiles associated with the course, along with the average salary, are as follows:

Note: The salary mentioned above is subject to change.

PhD Top Recruiters

Some of the top recruiters of PhDs in India are listed below.

• Research Institutions: Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), and Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO)   
•  IT Industry: Tata Consultancy Services (TCS), Infosys, and Wipro  
• Pharmaceutical Companies: Sun Pharmaceutical Industries, Dr. Reddy's Laboratories, and Cipla   
• Financial Institutions: Reserve Bank of India (RBI), Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI), and National Stock Exchange (NSE)  
• Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs): NGOs working in areas like education, healthcare, environment, and social development may employ PhDs for research, program management, and advocacy positions

In India, the average salary for a PhD graduate is between INR 5 and 10 LPA. This figure, however, may differ depending on a number of parameters, including a job description, years of experience, and the city of employment. A PhD graduate's pay is determined by a number of factors, some of which are within the student's control. Participating in internships and accumulating work experience may increase the probability of being paid more. 

Below is an approximate PhD salary range for various job profiles after completing a PhD degree:

Online PhD degree is an advanced academic degree that can be earned online. It can be offered in full-time or part-time modes. Online PhD programs are flexible and convenient, especially for working professionals. They can help students gain advanced knowledge and specialized expertise to further their career. 

Online PhD programs typically require at least two years of study, and many set a completion deadline of 7-9 years. Students typically need to complete coursework, pass qualifying examinations, and write and defend an original dissertation. Online PhD programs can be more affordable than traditional PhD programs. Students can complete an online PhD in as little as three years, while traditional PhD programs can take up to eight years to complete. 

Some online doctoral programs offer a choice of two learning tracks. Students can take their time with the standard track, or speed through the program content with the accelerated option.

Furthermore, an online PhD is less expensive than a traditional PhD.

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Can i pursue a phd after completing my 12th grade.

To be eligible for a PhD programme, applicants must have a master's degree. Candidates may pursue a PhD programme in any discipline. In a PhD programme, students must choose a topic or subject, conduct extensive research on it, and respond to any questions that arise.  

How can I get a PhD?

7 Steps to earn a PhD are listed below:

• Get a Bachelor's Degree
• Get a Master of Education degree
• Find whether a PhD or EdD is right for you
• Take the entrance exam and apply to Doctoral Programmes
• Finish the Doctorate Degree Programme Coursework
• Conclude and defend a dissertation

Is a PhD considered a doctor or not?

A doctoral degree (PhD) is obtained after obtaining a master's degree. A PhD confers the right to use the title doctor.  

What is the duration of a PhD programme?

A PhD programme typically takes four to seven years, but this can vary depending on a number of factors. In certain disciplines, such as psychology, engineering, education, and mathematics, a PhD, or doctorate degree, is the highest level of degree you can obtain.  

What career options are available after earning a PhD?

A PhD holder can work as a researcher, scientist, professor, journalist, independent consultant, human services worker, editor, critic, lecturer, and so on. A PhD holder can also apply for jobs in the finance, government, and other sectors.

Which are the best universities for pursuing a PhD?

Amity University in Noida and Tata Institute of Fundamental Research in Mumbai are two prominent universities that offer PhD degrees. Some of the other universities are:

• Indian Institute of Science
• Bangalore Institute of Genetic Engineering, Badu (Kolkata)
• Chennai's KCG College of Technology
• Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi
• Kolkata Institute of Technical and Professional Studies
• New Delhi's Jamia Millia Islamia University
• Indian Statistical Institute 
• Chennai Mathematical Institute

What does a PhD entail?

PhD graduates may be able to work in other countries. If you have a PhD, any company will hire you because the PhD is currently the highest level of academic degree anyone can earn, and the companies see you as an expert in the subject.  

Is it possible to get a PhD without a master's degree?

Yes, a PhD can be obtained without first earning a master's degree. A number of universities provide direct entry into PhD programmes for students with an undergraduate or bachelor's degree. In some cases, specific schools or programmes may prefer master's degree holders.

How many hours per day do you commit to your PhD?

As a general rule, a full-time PhD will require 35 hours of work per week - the equivalent of a full-time, 9-5 job.

Is a PhD more challenging than a doctorate?

It is not simpler to earn a PhD than a doctorate. Both require effort and are different. It would be best to do some research on the subject you want to study. A doctorate degree examines an existing body of knowledge and theories developed by this knowledge, whereas a PhD requires years of original research.  

Do PhD students receive funding?

The fact that you get paid for pursuing a PhD is one of its biggest benefits. A PhD stipend is a monthly payment made to students to help with living expenses, research costs, and housing costs. The cost that is covered by a PhD stipend varies depending on the organisation and degree.  

What are the advantages of a PhD?

Having a PhD is a huge advantage. Don't let others baffle you. PhDs earn more money than non-PhDs and are in high demand. Trained professionals who understand how to create information rather than simply repackage it are desperately needed. Entrepreneurship and innovation are at record highs.  

What is the most difficult aspect of a PhD?

Every PhD student will agree that the most difficult aspect of the degree is staying motivated. You begin a PhD because you are interested in a particular subject.  

Can you be rejected from a PhD programme?

PhD applications are frequently rejected for a variety of reasons. This is not the desired outcome after all of your efforts. However, rejection is a normal part of the PhD application process.

What if you fail your PhD?

If you are not awarded a PhD, you may be awarded an MPhil instead. For this to happen, your work must be deemed worthy of an MPhil, as a Master's degree is still considered an advanced postgraduate research degree.

Is it worthwhile to pursue a PhD in anything?

A PhD can be detrimental to your finances, leave you in debt, and leave you with no clear path to success in certain fields. PhDs, on the other hand, earn more and have lower unemployment rates. A PhD also provides you with a world-class mind, a global network, and a skill set that can take you pretty much anywhere.  

What does a PhD degree stand for?

A PhD degree stands for Doctor of Philosophy, which is regarded as the highest academic course level.

What are the requirements for PhD admission?

The requirements to get into a PhD program are a bachelor’s degree with at least a second-class grade and a master’s degree with high academic grades.

Which university is known as the best university in India?

Indian Institute of Technology Bombay University is known for best university and No.1 University in India.

Is there any age limit to do a PhD course?

There is no specific age limit for PhD courses. It can be pursued at any age but the candidate should satisfy the eligibility criteria.

How many years does it take to complete PhD?

 A doctorate or PhD degree generally lasts for 3 years. Candidates pursuing the program are given a maximum time of 5 to 6 years to complete their research. However, the duration of the PhD courses varies institute wise as well.

What jobs can a PhD get you?

PhD can get you jobs in universities, labs, government sectors, research institutes, and many more.

Do companies hire PhDs?

Yes, many companies prefer a PhD candidate for senior-level positions.

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Why nearly half of India’s PhD scholars want their fellowship tenures extended

A survey by INYAS says that PhD scholars in India sought an extension of their fellowship deadlines by at least six months as they failed to make any progress in their work due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

The pandemic has taken a toll on every aspect of our lives. From employment to education, there isn’t one sector has that been impervious to its impact. While schools and college classrooms have adapted to the digital model, the same can’t be said for research scholars who are still severely impacted.

According to a survey by the Indian National Young Academy of Sciences (INYAS) conducted in October 2020, more than 40 per cent of India’s PhD scholars failed to make any progress in their work due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The survey was conducted among 2,017 doctoral students, mostly in state-run institutions, according to INYAS.

The primary reasons for the impediment in the research were reported to be the inability to continue fieldwork, delayed or discontinued funding, and blocked access to laboratories and libraries. Those in the early years of their PhD work were reported to be the most affected and that constituted around 70 per cent of the respondents, who were in their first four years of PhD work.

The objective of the survey was to gauge how the pandemic had impacted these early-career researchers. In the case of science scholars, the sudden lockdown caused an additional problem of contamination of research samples and chemicals, as many laboratories stayed locked. With this, the students lost crucial time and suffered setbacks as their lab work was partially or completely lost.

While almost 40 per cent of those who had conducted fieldwork — fully or partly — said that the lockdowns and restrictions gave them time to work on their manuscripts, an equal number of respondents also said they made no progress.

Further, with the funding drying up during the pandemic, the institutions were unable to pay students their fellowship grants. As per the survey, almost 28 per cent of the respondents have not received financial support from their institutes since March 2020. 14 per cent have received partial funding.

In most cases, a fellowship grant is the only source of income for PhD students. With that not coming in, more than half of the scholars were left with no other form of financial aid available for research. The supervisors and guides pitched went beyond their call of duty and about six per cent of scholars reported that they received financial help from their supervisors or guides.

Fellowships were discontinued for 54 per cent of the scholars before they could complete their thesis. Almost 47 per cent of the remaining had between six months to a year of tenure left and most reported they would not be able to complete their thesis in that time. Most of them have sought an extension of their fellowship deadlines by at least six months beyond their scheduled five years to submit their thesis.

The situation was no better for those who had completed their PhD by March 2020, just before the pandemic hit. Over half of them are still looking for employment opportunities and 18 per cent reported that they are continuing to work in their research laboratories with little or no earnings.

And this is leading to further brain drain. About 36 per cent of the unemployed scholars told INYAS they were keen to leave the country in search of opportunities to further their academic work or to find jobs abroad.

While most of the world would agree that 2020 was essentially a lost year in their lives, it has hit the research scholars more. The scholars have called for a relaxation in age limits to compensate for the loss of time and also sought an increase in the number of post-doctoral fellowship positions in central institutes in the country. The age criteria are important for the applications to post-doctoral positions, more so for entry-level jobs. With Covid-19 wreaking havoc, N Nishad Fathima, a senior principal scientist at the CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute in Chennai sought the government’s intervention to help the students. She says that an increase in the number of government jobs for PhD awardees without post-doctoral experience would help ease the misery of those holding doctorates.

The INYAS has shared the survey results and recommendations with the office of India's Principal Scientific Advisor. As Dr Fathima pointed out, government intervention just might help alleviate the stress of the PhD scholars that has been exacerbated by the pandemic.

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Opportunities After IISER: Packages, Placements, PhD?

Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) is a chain premium research institute in India that has the tag of Institute of National Importance. The rigorous academics and cutting-edge research prepares students to become a world-class researcher. IISER offers a flagship five-year long BS-MS program along with other programs like PhD and Integrated PhD.

One of the main questions that every IISER aspirant has is about the opportunities after IISER. Many are concerned about the salary and packages one can receive after completing the rigorous five-year-long degree program. Others want to know what jobs students are offered upon graduation. So, this article contains all the information on the same.

SciAstra YouTube Video: Salary & placements after IISER, NISER | What after BS-MS by NISER student

How IISER Prepares You for a PhD?

Unlike other colleges, IISERs are not built for placements. IISER is built for students who are passionate about exploring basic science and conducting fundamental research. Hence, many IISERs do not have a dedicated placement cell. So, unlike engineering colleges, you won’t find companies on your campus interviewing you and offering you 9 to 5 jobs.

Instead, most of the IISER students apply for a PhD rather than a job. But Ph. D. is not just another degree program but a work-study program. During your PhD years, you will have to conduct your own research under an established researcher who will be your principal investigator. Doing a Ph. D. at a prestigious institute and lab can earn you a nice stipend.

IISER students have an upper edge in PhD applications and are often preferred over other graduates both in India and Abroad. PhD positions secured after IISER are fully funded – meaning that all your expenses, including tuition fees and living expenses, will be covered by a grant or fellowship.

Ph.D. in Foreign Countries:

Good profile and academics during IISER can land you into Ivy League colleges. Favorite destinations for PhD for IISER students have been MIT , Stanford , Oxford, Cambridge, Max Planck, ETH Zurich, etc.

In the United Kingdom. The average tenure of PhD is around four years. The average stipend is 18,662 pounds or INR 19.36 Lakhs per year. This much is enough to cover your living expenses, and you’ll still be able to save 50k to 80k per month.

In other countries of Europe, the project tenure and funding are the same as in the UK, but the stipend varies with different countries. For example, Denmark offers an average stipend of INR 51.67 Lakhs per year. In Norway, the average annual stipend is INR 49.75 Lakhs per year. In general, students are able to save around 50k to 1 Lakh per month easily.

In the United States, you have to be a Teaching Assistant for a year or two and the actual PhD starts in the third year. The duration of a PhD, on average, can be four or six years. The average stipend is 15,000 to 30,000 USD per year, which translates to INR 12.5 to 25 lakh per year.

PhD in India:

Obtaining a PhD in India is a little more difficult than in foreign countries. IISERs, IITs , IISc , TIFR , and NCBS are popular choices for PhD in India. The average stipend is around 31,000 to 37,000 per month, which is enough, considering the cost of living in India.

Qualifying exams like GATE and CSIR offer an upper edge while applying for a PhD in India. However, many IISER students can secure a PhD position without having qualified GATE and CSIR. 

What After PhD?

If you want to remain in academia after your PhD and become a professor, you will have to do a post-doc in a lab or research institute. The duration for Post-Doc varies from one to two years. The average stipend offered abroad is INR 3-5 lakhs per month, whereas in India, you can expect the stipend to be around 57k to 74k per month. After completing your Post-Doc, you can apply for faculty positions at different universities.

You can also join the Industrial Sector after completing your PhD as a Research Scientist and expect an average salary of INR 7.8 lakhs per annum in India. Scientists and Life Scientists in the U.S. and Canada can earn around INR 98.5 lakhs per annum. Depending on your discipline and Industry, the average varies a lot. Following is a table comparing the average salary for different industrial roles.

Many IISER students also appear for exams like CAT, XAT, SNAP, and NMAT to pursue an MBA. Qualifying for these exams can guarantee your admission to premium institutes like IIMs, XLRI, SIBM, or NMIMS. The average package after the completion of an MBA is INR 20-25 lakhs per annum.

Government Jobs-

There are several options for jobs in the public sector after IISER. You can join as a Scientific Officer in government research institutes and labs. In NISER , students with a good CPI can appear for a BARC interview directly, which offers a starting salary of around INR 1 lakh per month, along with multiple amenities. The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) also offers an average salary of INR 1 lakh per month to scientific officers upon entry. In ISRO (Read our blog on how to get into ISRO by clicking here ), the starting salary is 85k to 1 lac per month.

Teaching And Coaching-

Ed-tech giants like Physicswallah and Unacademy always hire people with Masters or PhDs with good teaching skills. as their faculty, and being from IISER can give you an upper hand in getting recruited by these companies. You can also join other coaching institutes. 

The starting salary over here varies from 40k to 1 lac per month, but there is no upper limit in this sector, and the pay depends on your expertise.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, the Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) stands as a beacon for those passionate about fundamental science and research. While not designed for traditional placements, IISER propels its students into a world of possibilities, with a strong emphasis on pursuing Ph.D. opportunities globally. The institute’s graduates find themselves well-prepared for diverse paths, whether it be academia, industry, government jobs, or even the entrepreneurial realm. IISER’s impact extends beyond research, fostering individuals who contribute significantly to education and various sectors, embodying the institute’s commitment to holistic growth and excellence.

• How to get into IISER?

To get into IISER, you need to appear for IAT. IAT is a computer based test which needs preparation. SciAstra offers the best courses that prepare you for the IAT.

• What is the most common career path for IISER graduates?

While many IISER students pursue PhDs, there are diverse options like research scientist roles in the industry, government jobs, teaching, and even entrepreneurship.

• Is it easy to get into an Ivy League PhD program after IISER?

IISER graduates have a strong chance due to their rigorous academics and research experience. However, the application process is competitive.

• What are the funding options for PhD programs abroad?

Most PhD positions are fully funded, meaning tuition and living expenses are covered by fellowships or grants. Stipend amounts in different countries like the UK, Europe, and the US are mentioned in the article.

• What are the salary expectations after a PhD in India vs. abroad?

You can expect significantly higher figures in foreign countries when compared to India.

• Can IISER graduates pursue careers outside academia and research? 

Definitely! Options like MBA are open, and securing positions in top institutes like IIMs can help you get packages of INR 20-25 lakhs per annum after an MBA.

• What are some government job opportunities for IISER graduates?

Scientific Officer positions in research institutes and labs, BARC (starting salary INR 1 lakh per month), DRDO (average INR 1 lakh per month), and ISRO (starting salary INR 85k – 1 lac per month) are all mentioned as possibilities.

SciAstra is a team of scientists and research scholars from the top research institutes around the world like Oxford, Harvard, Cambridge, and so on. Our vision is to promote critical thinking and scientific temperament by helping students pursue careers in science.

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Part-time PhD: Admission Process, Fees, Courses, Job and Salary 2024

Waqar Niyazi

Content Curator

The Part-Time PhD program has been designed to cater to the scholarly needs of the students who are doing full-time employment. The program is intended to prepare the participants for research and teaching positions both within and outside academia. To be eligible for undertaking the study of Part-Time PhD programs, candidates must be qualified graduates in the related subject. The candidates who have passed the postgraduate level course are also eligible for this extensive study.

Part-Time PhD is available in various colleges such as IIT, or JNU and other top Universities in India. The average fee for Part Time PhD is around INR 2,00,000 to INR 7,00,000. Admission to the Part-Time PhD program is based on merit and an entrance test followed by an interview conducted by the various Universities.

See Also:   PhD Admission

The scholars are expected to develop a very deep understanding of the areas of research which is selected by them. They also get structured exposure to a range of topics, develop various professional skills, they also participate in academic and other activities.

Table of Content

• UGC guidelines for Part Time PhD

1.1 Why study?

1.2 Duration

• Part Time PhD: Admission Process

2.1 Eligibility

• Part Time PhD: Top Colleges

3.1 Colleges in Bangalore

3.2 Part Time PhD in IIT

3.3 Part Time PhD in IIT Delhi

3.4 Part Time PhD in IIM

3.5 Part Time PhD in Bharathiar University

3.6 IGNOU Part Time PhD

• Part Time PhD Courses in India

4.1 Computer Science Courses

4.2 Management Courses

4.3 Literature Courses

• Part Time PhD: Job Opportunities

5.1 Students Facilities

Part Time PhD: FAQs

Ugc guidelines for part-time phd.

Part-time PhD courses were introduced by the University Grants Commission for working professionals who cannot afford to take long leaves for research purposes. The UGC guidelines as proposed by Chairman M. Jagadesh Kumar clearly state that

• The eligibility conditions and assessment of part-time PhD students remain the same.
• Candidates will have to bring a “No Objection Certificate” from their employer stating that the candidate will be given sufficient time to do their research and that the workplace will establish facilities that will aid the candidate in his doctoral research.
• Candidates will also have to attend at least 6 months of course-work full-time.
• Candidates will be guided by a supervisor who will be an Associate Professor/Professor who has at least five research publications in peer-reviewed or refereed journals and can also be supervisors under the proposed norms.

Why study part-time PhD programs?

A part time PhD program is something that has become useful for many individuals who want to pursue PhD along with some other job. It gives flexibility to a student to keep doing something that he/ she loves while studying and researching for a PhD. The other benefits of part time PhD program are listed below:

• The students don’t have to limit their research work to the university/ college. In part time PhD programs, you will be allowed to conduct study and research off-campus.
• In a part-time Ph.D. program, you don’t have to worry about time limitations. You can complete the course and can write the Thesis at your own pace.
• The candidates won’t have to abide by all the decisions made by the faculty and supervisors.
• For individuals who want to teach, a part-time PhD program is highly beneficial as they gain many years of teaching while they finish up their Ph.D. program.
• The course fee of a part time Ph.D. program is less than the full time PhD program.

Part-time PhD: Duration

The enrolled students of the Part-Time Ph.D. program are expected to complete the program in 4 years after the doctoral registration. It may be extended with the due approvals.

• For Category I Candidates:  The first year will be spent on the doctoral coursework and the remaining years of the program for completing subsequent steps leading to the doctoral thesis.
• For Category II Candidates:  In the first year, the Part-Time Ph.D. program students will be required to attend the domain-related master-level courses that are prescribed by the School Research Committee. The doctoral coursework will commence from the second year onwards.

Part-time PhD: Admission Process

No matter what type of Ph.D. program it is, whether it is a part time or an online accelerated Ph.D. program, they can be competitive and the candidate will want to make sure that their application stands out to the admissions committee. The first step is making sure that you meet the requirements and include all the necessary documentation. The following is the step-by-step admission process with the necessary documents.

• Application and fee: Candidates must fill the application form of their chosen college/university and choose their specialization and field of research.
• College transcripts: Fill out the application form with all the necessary details and upload your transcripts as proof of your graduation and post-graduation.
• Test scores: Many colleges and universities use GRE or GMAT scores to determine whether you have what it takes to succeed in a Ph.D. program. If you’re an international applicant, you may also need TOEFL exam scores to demonstrate your proficiency in the English language.
• Letters of reference: These should come from academic or professional colleagues who can attest to your commitment and character. Nearly two to three letters may be required.
• Personal statement or research proposal: This is your chance to communicate your study goals with the admission faculty. That way, the institute can determine whether your interests align with the expertise of the faculty.

Part-time PhD: Eligibility Criteria

Candidates need to satisfy the following criteria to be eligible for admission to the Part-Time Ph.D. program. Candidates who are not meeting the eligibility criteria need not apply to the school in concern.

• The student should be working in an organization that encourages and facilitates research.
• Candidates must have a bachelor's and master's degree in any stream to be eligible for Part time Ph.D. Admission.
• The candidate should have a minimum of one year of work experience in any related field.
• The aspiring candidate should furnish a "consent & No objection certificate" from his/her parent organization.

Part-time Ph.D.: Top Colleges in India

A significant number of top universities/colleges across the country offer Part-time Ph.D. programs to candidates. Some of the top colleges offering Part-time Ph.D. programs are given below.

Part-Time PhD Bangalore

The candidates who intend to pursue PhD must meet the following criteria:

• They must hold a Master’s degree in order to be eligible for admission into a doctoral program.
• To secure admission to reputable universities, the candidate must clear All-India examinations National Eligibility Test for Lectureship (NET) conducted by NTA. Final year students appearing for the qualifying exam can also apply for the examination provided they submit attested copies of their qualifying degree certificates.

Part time PhD: IIT

Part-Time PhD from IIT Delhi

IIT Delhi offers part-time PhD in 24 courses. Qualification for part-time PhD remains the same as that for full-time PhD, except that the requirement of qualifying for a national exam is waived. To be eligible for part-time PhD from IIT Delhi, a candidate must meet the following criteria:

• Only employees of Public Sector Undertakings or Government Departments Research and Development Organizations, or Private Industries (approved by Faculty Boards) are eligible for admission to these programs.
• There is a certain minimum full-time experience required after obtaining the qualifying degree in part-time PhD as well. It is tabulated below.

Part-Time PhD from IIM

Out of all IIMs, part-time PhD is offered only in IIM-Jammu. The admission process is simple:

• A written test is conducted for those who do not have a valid CAT/GRE/GMAT/JRF score
• Then a personal interview is conducted to further screen the number of candidates.
• Following the PI, a merit list is released on the basis of admission criteria and PI evaluation.

The candidate must have the following qualifications in order to be eligible for admission in IIM Jammu:

• A Master's Degree or a 5-year Integrated Master’s Degree in any discipline, with at least 60 percent marks in the Bachelor’s as well as in the Master’s degree.
• A professional qualification like CA, ICWA, CS, with at least 50 percent marks
• A four-year/8 semester Bachelor's degree with at least 6.5 CGPA or equivalent marks.

There is no upper age limit for the candidate. The candidate should have a minimum of 3 years of work experience at the supervisory or above level in Government, autonomous bodies, research centers, PSUs, educational institutes, or private organizations.

Bharathiar university Part-Time PhD

Bharathiar University offers part-time PhD in 36 courses. Admission to Bharathiar University is based on the Common Eligibility Test (CET) conducted by the University between June and July followed by a personal interview.

• Only candidates who have passed from a relevant P.G. degree with 55% aggregate are eligible for admission.
• Candidates who have cleared the UGC NET/CSIR NET/SLET/GATE/SET or are Scientists working in DRDO/ Faculty of Air Force Administrative College, teacher fellowship holders are exempted from giving the CET.

The total fee for a part-time PhD is INR 21,000. The total duration for completing PhD is 4-6 years (for PG students) and 3-5 years (for M.Phil students).

IGNOU Part-Time PhD

Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU) offers distance PhD courses in subjects like Anthropology, Biochemistry, Computer Science, French, Psychology and many more. Candidates applying for PhD courses have to fulfill certain eligibility criteria mentioned below for your reference,

• Candidates must have completed post graduation in the relevant discipline.
• Candidates must have secured a minimum of 55% in post-graduation.
• Candidates who have cleared M.Phil, along with the course work or have cleared NET need not appear for the IGNOU entrance exam.

Part-time PhD Courses in India

Some of the Part-Time PhD courses offered by the colleges and universities in India are listed below in the table:

Part time PhD: Computer Science Courses

Part time PhD: Management Courses

Part time PhD Literature Courses

Part-time phd: job opportunities.

 Executives that earn their doctoral degrees can get hired in the following professions:

Part-time PhD: Facilities to Scholars

• The students will be provided accommodation on campus for the first 2 years of the program.
• The residential expenses will have to be paid by the scholars separately as per the prevalent rate, and mess expenses as per the actual.

Part-time PhD: Scope

The scope of the Part-time PhD program is very wide and after completing Part-time PhD program, candidates can get so many best opportunities in many fields anywhere in the world. The scopes of this course are:

• The government, as well as the private sector, has started investing in the area of R&D, so there is a huge scope for the students after doing a program in Part-Time PhD.
• If you want to be in the teaching line then after doing Part-Time PhD you can apply for directors, or for HOD post in any science college
• If you want to go for a government job then you have many options like ISRO, DRDO, CSIR, Researcher, and scientist etc.
• From the financial sector to the public sector, now PhDs are found everywhere as they are not limited to work only in the zone of academia.

Also, there is a chance for Part-Time Ph.D. graduates to work in other countries.

Ques. Do Part Time PhD Programmes exist?

Ans . Yes, the part time PhD programmes do exist. Universities and colleges know that many people have packed schedules. To accommodate busy students, some institutes give the option of part-time enrollment in the PhD programs online or on-campus.

Ques. How Part Time PhD Degree Programmess do Work?

Ans. To graduate from a part-time doctoral program, a student needs to do the same work that they would for a full-time course of study. They will simply spread the work out over a longer stretch of time. The first portion of your program will likely be devoted to the classes. If a student enrolled on a part-time basis, they will probably keep their course load light instead of taking multiple classes at once.

Ques. How long does it take to do a part time PhD programme?

Ans . How long it takes to complete your part time scheduled PhD programme is largely up to you and how much you can commit to your studies at any point in time.

You may find that there are some seasons in which you’re able to invest a good portion of your time and other seasons as well when you’re only able to do the bare minimum to keep going.

Ques. Should I take on too many part time PhD students?

Ans. Most universities prefer not to take on too many part-time PhD students because statistically, the success rate is very low. With reduced access to the university or college facilities and staff, distractions from work, and so many years in which to lose motivation and direction, most part-time students give up and never achieve their PhD degrees.

Ques. Is it possible to study PhD program part time and work full time?

Ans. Plenty of people do this. However, the students have to be prepared to sacrifice much of your free time. Taking two classes a semester will consume nearly 20 hours of your time, not including travel time. Remember you will be reading up to 200 pages in a week, conducting research, writing papers, making presentations, attending class and participating in the discussion, and take exams. While each class may not include all these factors but many will.

Ques. Is it possible to enter a traditional academic career after the completion of a part time PhD programme?

Ans . Yes, it's possible, but a doctorate is only one element of an academic career. First, only the most dynamic doctorates land academic positions, especially in the research universities and colleges with tenure-track positions, thus it is essential as a doctoral student to cultivate a professional reputation, and that means participating in departmental duties as a teaching and research assistant, and attending and participating in professional conferences.

Ques. Which is better, a part-time PhD with a job or a full-time Ph.D.?

Ans. Do PhD programme when you are fully convinced and ready for the topic and research methodology of research yourself after successful completion of bachelor's or master's degree and project on the same subject or interdisciplinary subject. The foundation of the right education and knowledge is mandatory and very helpful. Asking for a guide for topic and methodology is disastrous. The role of a guide is to supervise the smooth run of the research project and nothing much. Hence, the question of part-time or full time PhD program does not arise.

Ques. What is the schedule of part-time Phd programme students at IIFT Delhi college; do the students have to attend the classes regularly?

Ans. The classes for both full time and part time PhD students happen during the weekends. The full time students of PhD program get an opportunity to carry out field visits and projects during the weekdays.

Ques. When are the classes for a part-time PhD conducted at IIT Delhi college?

Ans . Both part time and full time students study in the same class. The majority of the classes are the part of morning slot from 8 AM to 2 PM, there are classes in the evening as well. Some guest faculties do classes over the weekend.

Ques. Can we do a part time PhD programme in IIT Bombay?

Ans. Yes you can. IIT-Bombay will call two times per year. You can apply for the same and can attend a written test and/or interview.

Ph.D. : 43 answered questions

Ques. are master's degrees from ignou acceptable for admission into ph.d courses in top universities.

● Top Answer By Anumita Mukharjee on 28 Apr 22

Ques. Is a Phd from IGNOU worth it/valuable?

● Top Answer By Srabani Guha on 24 Jul 23

Ques. How is the Direct PhD program of IIT Madras?

● Top Answer By Arati Sinha on 29 Mar 23

Ques. What is the value of a Ph.D. degree from IIT Bombay?

● Top Answer By Karuna Nair on 13 Mar 23

Ques. Why do some students in IIT Bombay leave high-paying jobs and join grad schools for PhD?

● Top Answer By Advait Joshi on 23 Mar 23

Ques. What is the placement scenario after PhD in IIT Bombay?

● Top Answer By Advait Joshi on 17 Mar 23

Ques. Is a PhD from IGNOU valid?

● Top Answer By Pankaj Kumar on 18 Oct 22

Ques. What is the placement record of MSc applied statistics students of IIT Bombay?

● Top Answer By Poornima Sahoo on 18 Mar 23

Ques. How difficult is it to get a PhD from IISc Bangalore?

● Top Answer By Bidita Ghose on 14 Jul 23

Ques. Which would be better, IIT Delhi or an average US university for a PhD?

● Top Answer By Aditi Banerjee on 03 Apr 23

Ph.D. (Chemistry)

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Top 10 best phd universities in india - world university rank.

Studying in a world-famous institute is a dream of every student whether he/she wants to pursue BTech, MSc, PhD, or any of the degrees. The expansion of the Indian Education System has shown no sign of stopping during the 21st Century.

The students now don’t have to look up for foreign universities to get the exposure, facilities, and cutting-edge technologies for a bright career through PhD.

If you are planning to pursue PhD in India, then you must know the what is best PhD Universities in India. In this blog, we are providing the following details:

How to get into PhD Courses in India?

PhD Universities In India - Ranking Factors

List of Top 10 PhD Universities in India

How to get into phd courses in india.

PhD is very versatile. There are different courses through which you can acquire your PhD. To get into these courses, you can appear in different  PhD Entrance Exams .

here are two types of PhD - Regular or Integrated. If you are interested in a regular PhD after your post-graduation, you can appear in various exams like UGC NET JRF , GATE JRF, TIFR, CSIR NET JRF , etc. After clearing these exams, you can get admission to top PhD Universities in India.

If you are interested in applying for the Integrated PhD courses right after your graduation, then you can go for exams like IIT JAM Exam , GATE, etc. to get into the best PhD universities in India.

Note - If you are confused about what is a regular or integrated PhD course? You should check the Difference Between Regular and Integrated PhD to get your answer.

Download  CSIR NET Syllabus Free PDF to start your preparation in a right way.

Top PhD Universities in India - Ranking Factors

Deciding the best university for PhD in India is based on several factors. Here, we are presenting the list of universities with the ranking as per:

QS Top Universities World Ranking

 Ranking Among BRICS Nations 

Note -  BRICS is an association of Five Major Emerging National Economies which are – Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa. 

Know which PhD colleges in India are best as per the Ministry of Human Resources and Management. Check –  NIRF Ranking

The above rankings are acknowledged worldwide by the colleges and universities of almost of the nations. The following are the factors on which these rankings are given to the PhD universities in India.

Academic Reputation

   Employer Reputation

   Faculty/Student Ratio

   Number of Faculty with a PhD

   Research Papers Per Faculty

   Research Citations Per Faculty

   Number of International Faculty

   Number of International Students 

Getting the top-ranked PhD universities in India is always be a great choice for students who are living in the nation. However, there are several universities in foreign known for the best research and opportunities, but nothing beats these top PhD universities of India. 

Here are the top 10 best universities to do PhD in India. You can check them below.

Download Free CSIR NET 2022 Model Paper & Solutions

Best University for PhD in India - Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay

Scoring full marks in factors like Academic Reputation and Employer Reputation, the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Bombay acquired the 1st position among all the best PhD universities in India. The Institute ranked 172 as per the QS World Ranking 2022. Apart from this, the institute was able to acquire 8th Rank among the BRICS nations.

IITB also got 34th place in Asian University Ranking.

Know more about the institute at – IIT Bombay - What Makes It The Best?

Top PhD Universities in India - Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore

IISc Bangalore is considered best university to do PhD in India. It is also known as the “Silicon Valley of India”, located in Bengaluru, Karnataka. This Institute claims the 185th place in the Best PhD universities in India by QS Global Rank.

Apart from this, the Institute acquired 10th Rank among the various universities in BRICS nations by scoring perfect scores in factors like Staff with PhD and Papers Per Faculty.

IISc Bangalore holds 51st rank in list of Asian University Ranking.

Know more about the admission process and courses offered at –  IISc Bangalore Admission

Top Universities in India for PhD - Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi

The Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi is ranked 3rd among the best PhD universities in India and a world rank of 193 among all the institutes of the world. The Institute scored the second-highest marks after IIT Bombay in Academic Reputation and Employer Reputation. IIT Delhi claims the 8th rank among the universities in BRICS nations.

43rd Rank has been acquired by IITD in Asian University Ranking.

To know more about the institute, visit – Why Should You Choose IIT Delhi? Check Placement, Internship & Events

PhD Best University in India - Indian Institute of Technology, Madras

With a joint rank of 275 as per QS Global Rank, IIT Madras is 4th among the Top 10 PhD universities in India. As per the ranking of the universities in BRICS nations, the institute acquired 17th Rank.

This university also got the 50th place in Asian University Ranking.

Know the fees of MSc and Integrated PhD courses in IIT Madras at – MSc Fee Structure

Need Expert Assistance in CSIR NET Preparation? Register Here for Free & Get Counselling from Eduncle Experts!

Top Universities Offering PhD in India - Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur

IIT Kharagpur got Rank 5th and secure the place in top 10 PhD universities in India. It is located in West Bengal, India. The Institute scored the highest scores in International Faculty Factor to claim a joint rank of 314 in QS World University Rankings. Among the BRICS nation’s universities, the institute stands on 23rd rank for PhD courses.

This university also acquired the 56th place in Asian University Ranking.

Best University for PhD in India - Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur

With a global rank of 350, the institute is ranked 6th among the Top 10 PhD universities in India. IIT Kanpur scored a perfect score in the Staff with a PhD factor. Apart from this, the institute holds 4th position in Paper Per Faculty factor and 5th in the Academic Reputation factor scores. As per the BRICS rank, the institute holds a rank of 25.

IITK also got the 65th place in Asian University Ranking.

Download Free CSIR NET Previous Years' Question Papers

Best University for PhD in India - University of Delhi

The University of Delhi is another non-IIT university which successfully marked 7th rank among the Top PhD universities in India. Apart from being the largest university of the country, the institute has a global rank of 501-510 and a BRICS rank of 42.

67th Rank has been acquired by University of Delhi in Asian University Ranking.

Top PhD Univerities in India - University of Hyderabad

Finally, a non-IIT university to mark its presence in the Best PhD universities in India. The University of Hyderabad holds a rank global rank between 651-700 and currently ranked among all the PhD universities in BRICS nations. Although it is ranked 8th among the universities in India, this institute has shown a great pace in acquiring this position at a younger age as compared to the IITs.

This university also got the 114th place in Asian University Ranking.

Top Universities in India for PhD - Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee

IIT Roorkee is also known as the oldest technical institute in Asia. It holds the 9th rank among the best PhD universities in India. The institute scored the highest marks in the top 10 for the factor of International Students Indicator. IIT Roorkee holds a global rank of 383 and a BRICS rank of 47.

90th Rank has been acquired by IIT Roorkee in Asian University Ranking.

Know which MSc and PhD scholarships are provided while studying in IITs at – MSc and PhD Scholarships in IITs

Download  CSIR NET Previous Years' Question Papers, Model Test Papers Free PDF  with answer key and analyze your preparation level.

UGC Approved PhD Universities in India - Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati

Although it holds 10th rank among the PhD universities in India, IIT Guwahati scored the perfect score as per the Staff with PhD factor. The Institute is worldwide famous for its campus and infrastructure. IIT Guwahati currently holds 470 rank as per the QS World University Ranking and 48th among the PhD universities in BRICS nations.

IIT Guwahati also got the 112th place in Asian University Ranking.

This is it for the Top 10 UGC Approved PhD universities in India in which you can achieve heights you never imagined. If you are seeking more information on MSc and PhD, feel free to comment us in the below section.

You can also connect us with our Eduncle App to get Doubt Solutions & Guidelines on your mobile device.

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Doctor of Philosophy

Candidates can pursue a PhD programme in any stream. In a PhD course aspirants need to select a topic or a subject and do in-depth research on it and answer any queries related to the topic/ subject.

Programs offered

University is committed for quality research supported by standard publications within the minimum possible time frame in both full time and part time mode

Full Time PHD Program

Full time Research scholar is those who will be able to commit themselves full time to carry out the research in the campus. Full-time Research Scholars may receive a scholarship or teaching assistance ship from the university. Self financed Indian and foreign candidates satisfying the eligibility criteria may apply for the program

Part Time PHD Program

Part time Research scholar is those who are employed. Such as Corporate Research scholar/Regular Academic Staff of University/Working teachers/Non Academic Staff of University/Sponsored candidates from Public sector unit/Government undertaking. Such candidates has to submit NOC from the employer to relive the candidate to enable him/her to complete the course work. Candidates having five years of teaching/industry Experience will get exemption from the attendance during the course work

NOTE :: Time duration for both part time and full time program is minimum of 3 years

Eligibility

A candidate seeking admission to the PhD program must satisfy any one of the following eligibility criteria:

• Master's degree or equivalent in the relevant subject with 55% or equivalent CGPA, from any University recognized by the Association of Indian Universities (AIU) in India. (SC / ST candidates are eligible for a 5% relaxation in marks or equivalent CGPA).
• In case of candidates holding a qualifying degree from a foreign university, registration for PhD will be confirmed after determination of equivalence by the University.
• The qualifying degree should be recognized by the UGC / Association of Indian Universities / Central Council of Indian Medicine / All India Council for Technical Education or any other approved and recognized Scientific Bodies of the Government of India and approved by the Academic Council / Board of Management of this University for Provisional Registration for the PhD Degree.
• In addition all applicants shall have to qualify the Ph.D. entrance test conducted by the University followed by an interview by the Departmental Research Degree Committee (DRDC) of the Institute/Department

*The University shall follow guidelines as laid down by the regulatory agency UGC from time to time in its Ph.D. program.

Fee Structure

The Prescribed Fees* for an Indian National candidate is as under :

• Academic fee:- 36000/- Per semester
• Caution money:- 3000/-(Per Year)
• Exam fee:- 5000/-(Per Year)

Fee will be paid semester wise for the two semesters in a year. Enrolled scholar will pay fee for the minimum period (minimum 3 years for both full time and part time Ph.D) and for the period they stay enrolled until thesis submission

Caution money will be refunded after completion of Ph.D.

* Fee is subject to revision from time to time as decided by the University

Research Topic And Supervisor Allocations:-

• Research Topic and supervisor may be allotted at the beginning of the program but before the finishing of the course work in consultation with the HOD, DEAN, STUDENT
• Any Regular Faculty member from the University having Ph.D. degree with post Ph.D. experience of at least ONE year of teaching/research will be permitted to supervise a candidate for his/her Ph.D. Program. A supervisor shall not have, at any given point of time, more than eight Ph.D. scholars under him/her. The candidate can have a co-supervisor from amongst the faculty having a Ph.D. Degree with at least three years of teaching/research experience. The University shall permit eminent faculties from other reputed National Institutions/Research Laboratories etc to serve as a Co-Supervisor, if it feels necessary. The provision of exclusive/sole External Supervisor shall be applicable for registered part-time Ph.D./Research Scholars provided the External Supervisor agrees to attend meetings of the RDC of his/her scholars at the University.

Course Work:-

The Course Work will be divided into three broad sections as under

Publications Criteria

The Ph.D. candidate can submit thesis only after acceptance for publication of a minimum of two research papers from his/her research work in refereed unpaid Journals of Repute listed in International Data Base (such as SCI, SCOPUS, EBSCO, and alike). The manuscripts shall have the name of the students as the principal author

• Readers’ Blog

New PhD regulations in India: A regressive reform

The US-based National Science Foundation (NSF) published a report titled ‘Science & Engineering Indicators 2022,’ that saw India climbing to third place in 2020 from seventh place in 2010. According to the report, six nations contribute more than half of all peer-reviewed Science and Engineering (S&E) papers worldwide. China and America are the major contributors, with a percentage share of 23 and 16, respectively and India occupies the third place with a 5% share. According to a government assessment, just 15.8% of all articles produced by Indian scholars are published in the top ten journals worldwide, and even china (27.6%) is way ahead of us in publishing quality research. Unfortunately, in the most populated country after china, with the largest network of Higher education Institutions in the world (5288 universities) our contribution to scientific research is abysmally low. Compared with the United States (3216) and Indonesia (2595) we have more research institutions at our disposal but the quality of scientific research is atrocious. World University Rankings 2023 conducted by Times Higher Education explicitly shows that Indian institutions are way behind American, European and Chinese Universities in teaching, research, knowledge transfer and international outlook. With 75 Indian institutions listed in the ranking, IISc Bangalore is the only Indian university to enter the top 300 list, raising serious questions about the standards of our higher education. With the exceptions of the premier institutions like IIScs, IITs, IIMs, and AIIMS, the public-funded higher education institutions are in a state of chaos. Outdated human resource practices, and poor teaching and research pedagogies in institutions of higher learning eventually restricted the overall growth and development of Indian universities. Even the country’s premier institutions have performed poorly in the world university ranking in 2023. In India, a university faculty would get promoted to the level of Professor just by publishing in substandard peer-reviewed open-access journals. UGC PhD regulation of 2016 initially compelled university faculty and scholars to publicise their research findings in open-access substandard journals, but eventually, scholars learned to publish in indexed and reputed journals. Which accordingly improved the level of research in Indian universities and further globalized Indian scholarship.

To improve the quality of research in the country, University Grants Commission’s on 15th Nov 2022, changed the previous regulations with the new “Minimum Standards and Procedure for Award of PhD. Degree” regulations, 2022. This new regulation scrapped the mandatory requirement of publication of one research paper in refereed journals before submission of the PhD thesis for evaluation. Prof M Jagadesh Kumar, Chairperson of the UGC, stated that by abolishing the compulsory publication requirement, UGC has outrightly rejected the approach that “one-size-fits-all”. Further, he emphasized the idea that focusing on quality research will automatically produce quality publications. By disposing of the only requirement that could have regulated the quality of research in India, UGC has taken its first step towards the new age of darkness where the scholar shall entirely abandon the publication of their research findings. Except for the junior research fellows who get handsome scholarships, in federally funded Indian universities PhD students mostly get a small stipend of less than a hundred US dollars per month during their tenure. Indian higher education already lacks a proper mechanism to encourage and boost young scholars. On the contrary, removing the publication obligation will absolutely crash the fragile research ecosystem of the country. There are no incentives for faculty as well as research scholars to publish their work in indexed journals and now by removing the publishing obligation UGC has aggravated an already bad situation. The only thing that could have motivated thousands of scholars across the country to publish was the condition of publication in reputed refereed journals before PhD submission.

By doing away with the research obligations the UGC has jeopardized the future of research and innovation in the country. This regulation is not only questionable but can be criticised on the grounds that India already lacks a robust research assessment system in Higher education. By publishing research in indexed peer-reviewed journals scholars present their findings to a larger global audience, taking Indian scholarship abroad. If scholars stop publishing in Indexed journals, not only our research ranking but the overall university ranking will drop. Already there is no incentive-based model followed in Indian Universities, Professors who publish in Indexed journals (Scopus/ SSCI) don’t get any incentives or increments based on their achievement. A publication which was earlier required in peer review journals was not that difficult because scholars were not restricted to publish in Indexed journals with high impact factors. In 2022 scholars were expecting rigid regulations but this breather has opened the door for mediocrity and inferior research. As a scholar, I believe that at least one publication in a Scopus-indexed journal should be a mandatory requirement before the submission of PhD thesis. Hope better sense prevails and UGC again revises the PhD regulations for good.

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great insight into the issue

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Mohammad Furqan Khan, PhD is an Assistant Faculty at Jammu and Kashmir Entrepreneurship Development Institute, J&K, India. The author has worked in the training and research industry for the last 12 years. His experience in the development sector has enriched his understanding of the challenges in community mobilization, counselling, screening and training of unemployed youth of the UT.

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AMU PhD scholar moves Delhi HC against guide’s appointment

Published - June 18, 2024 01:52 am IST - New Delhi:

The student has alleged that the guide was appointed based on the recommendation of a professor who is currently facing criminal trial for sexually harassing her. | Photo Credit: File Photo

A scholar at Aligarh Muslim University (AMU) has moved the Delhi High Court challenging the appointment of her PhD supervisor.

The student has alleged that the guide was appointed based on the recommendation of a professor who is currently facing criminal trial for sexually harassing her.

The court has asked the Centre, the University Grants Commission, AMU, and the professor to respond to the student’s plea.

In her petition, the scholar has claimed that the professor, who was her previous guide, “made regular attempts of making sexual advancements and overtures to the extent of touching her inappropriately and/or making sexually coloured remarks.”

She has alleged that in April last year, the professor demanded a sexual favour, which she “straightforwardly declined.”

Following her refusal, the professor allegedly became hostile and declared her four years of research work “useless and unfit for the award of a doctoral degree” despite previously acknowledging her monthly research progress as “satisfactory”.

The petition states that the Internal Complaints Committee (ICC) had exonerated the professor from charges of sexual harassment after which the student filed an FIR and that the case is now being heard in a court. It adds that a counter FIR was filed against the scholar by a “henchlady” of the professor under Sections 323 (voluntarily causing hurt), 504 (intentional insult), and 506 (criminal intimidation) of the IPC.

Subsequently, the scholar sought the appointment of a new guide, preferably a woman. The Committee of Advanced Studies and Research in a meeting held in August last year appointed a new guide who is a witness in the counter FIR filed against the student, the petition also states.

The petition, filed through advocate Hilaluddin, argues that “the appointment of a PhD supervisor is within the powers of the Board of Studies (BoS) of the concerned department of AMU in accordance with the AMU Ordinances, and not within the jurisdiction of the CASR, which is an altogether different body”.

The student has also alleged that her PhD tenure ended on December 31, 2023, without her thesis submission due to the “unfair, unjust, unlawful, and arbitrary actions of the AMU authorities”.

“There are unusual and unnecessary hurdles in the submission of the petitioner’s PhD thesis, specifically, in the reality that she has been driven from pillar to post for the last 11 months for demanding a fair and equal level playing field,” the plea states.

She has urged the court to extend her PhD tenure by at least 10 months as a bona fide researcher.

Related Topics

Delhi / judiciary (system of justice)

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Advisory Council on Historic Preservation

President biden appoints three new achp members.

WASHINGTON, D.C. – Advisory Council on Historic Preservation (ACHP) Chair Sara C. Bronin today announced the installation of three new ACHP members: Expert Member Erica Avrami; Tribal Member Amelia Marchand; and General Public Member Jane Woodfin. President Joe Biden appointed them to terms ending June 2028.

“Each of these highly accomplished professionals brings their expertise and passion to the ACHP as we tackle some of preservation’s most pressing challenges,” Chair Bronin said. “The ACHP will benefit from their judgment and experience as we work to advance initiatives on climate change, housing, Indigenous Knowledge, and equity–while ensuring the preservation, enhancement, and sustainable use of our nation’s diverse historic resources.”

Avrami, of Summit, NJ, has served, along with Chair Bronin, as the co-chair of the ACHP Expert Advisory Committee since 2023. She is the James Marston Fitch Assistant Professor of Historic Preservation at Columbia University’s Graduate School of Architecture, Planning, and Preservation, and a research affiliate with the Columbia Climate School’s Center for Sustainable Urban Development. She received her B.A. in architecture and her M.S. in historic preservation, both from Columbia, and her PhD in Planning and Public Policy from Rutgers University.

Marchand ( skʷumqnálqs), of the Colville Indian Reservation , WA, has a background in anthropology and environmental law and policy with more than 25 years working in the cultural and natural resources fields. A citizen of the Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation, she advises governments, academic institutions, and organizations on Indigenous sovereignty and relations, Indigenous Knowledges, and climate issues.

Woodfin, of McLean, VA, joins the ACHP following a lifetime of public service and leadership. She was raised in historic Lexington, MA, and counts among her distant relatives the midnight rider Paul Revere. With a law degree from Georgetown University, Woodfin served 26 years working for the U.S. Congress, including directing the legislative staff of then-Senator Joe Biden for 15 years prior to his election as vice president. 

Avrami, Marchand, and Woodfin replace Expert Member Kristopher King, Tribal Member Reno Keoni Franklin, and General Public Member John Frey, respectively.

“I thank the three outgoing members for their dedication and service in protecting the nation’s historic resources,” Chair Bronin said. “It was a privilege to work with Kristopher and to see how his deep roots in the city of Charleston and its preservation community informed his contributions to the ACHP. I am grateful for his wise counsel and support. John’s expertise in state government and historic real estate brought another important perspective to the ACHP.”

She added: “In addition, Reno Keoni Franklin deserves the country’s gratitude not only for his long tenure of nearly 12 years, first as an Observer while chairing the National Association of Tribal Historic Preservation Officers and then as the Presidentially appointed Tribal Member, but also for his unwavering personal commitment to advancing the role of Indian Tribes and Native Hawaiians in the protection of places of importance to them. The impact of his leadership will be felt for years to come.”

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