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Science Experiments for Learning about the Human Body

March 17, 2021 By Emma Vanstone 29 Comments

This collection of science experiments for learning about the human body is perfect for encouraging kids to learn about their bodies! I’ve split the ideas into three age groups: preschool, primary age ( 5-11 ) and secondary ( 12+) but these are very loose recommendations. Hopefully you’ll find something that sounds fun to try!

I’ve also got lots of fun STEM challenges and science printable instructions you might like too!

Human Body Science Ideas for Preschoolers

If you have a big piece of paper or cardboard, get the children to draw around themselves , they can then measure arms and legs, label body parts and even draw in organs.

Learn about bones with this fun doctor role play activity using modroc as a cast on dolls.

Listen to your heart beat by making your own Stethoscope .

Make a model of a human brain using playdough.

Learn about keeping your hands with this hand hygiene activity .

Discover the relationship between arm span and height .

Human Body Science for Primary School

Did you know that taste is linked to smell ?

Use eggs to learn about tooth decay . Soak them in vinegar, coffee and coke to see what happens to the shell.

Investigate heart rate . This can be done by recording your pulse rate at rest then doing some exercise and measuring it again.

Did you know you can test your reaction time using just a ruler?

Have some fun finding out how strong your bones are.

These printable organs from Adventure in a Box are just brilliant!

See a close up of your fingerprint using a balloon!

Find out why you get dizzy with this great guest post from Red Ted Art

Learn about your lungs with this fake lung experiment .

Human Body Science for Secondary School

Make a model of a pumping heart using a jar.

Make a model of an animal cell . An edible version is especially fun!

Another easy edible experiment is my candy DNA model !

Follow the journey of food through the digestive system with this easy activity using tights!

These edible neurons from My Mundane and Miraculous Life are just brilliant too!

Find out how you can ‘see sound’ with these easy sound activities.

Try some of these brilliant blood experiments for learning about the heart, circulatory system and red and white blood cells.

Link to a scientist

Marie Curie ‘s research into radiation led to the discovery of radium which is now used to treat some cancers.

Marie M. Daly did groundbreaking research in the relationship between high blood pressure, cholesterol and clogged arteries.

Can you think of any more human body science experiments for us?

You might also like my NEW book! Gross Science is now available to buy and is full of icky, slimy and gross science experiments for kids including lots about the human body!

Last Updated on October 2, 2022 by Emma Vanstone

Safety Notice

Science Sparks ( Wild Sparks Enterprises Ltd ) are not liable for the actions of activity of any person who uses the information in this resource or in any of the suggested further resources. Science Sparks assume no liability with regard to injuries or damage to property that may occur as a result of using the information and carrying out the practical activities contained in this resource or in any of the suggested further resources.

These activities are designed to be carried out by children working with a parent, guardian or other appropriate adult. The adult involved is fully responsible for ensuring that the activities are carried out safely.

Reader Interactions

November 27, 2013 at 10:34 am

I would gice this to my Son

November 27, 2013 at 2:42 pm

my daughter

November 27, 2013 at 7:09 pm

I would give it to my son!

November 27, 2013 at 8:06 pm

my friends son

November 27, 2013 at 8:56 pm

I would give this to my daughter.

November 27, 2013 at 9:06 pm

November 27, 2013 at 9:29 pm

my granddaughter

November 28, 2013 at 6:13 pm

my grandson

December 01, 2013 at 4:42 pm

Id love to give it to my grand daughter

December 01, 2013 at 8:29 pm

my boys would share it! (hopefully)

December 04, 2013 at 8:09 am

December 04, 2013 at 1:11 pm

December 04, 2013 at 8:19 pm

my niece Yasmin 🙂

December 04, 2013 at 10:40 pm

I would give it to Lilly she has just started school and it will really help her to learn to read etc.

December 05, 2013 at 1:14 pm

My little boy

December 05, 2013 at 2:00 pm

December 05, 2013 at 7:53 pm

My dd would love this 🙂

December 05, 2013 at 7:54 pm

My nephew 🙂

December 05, 2013 at 8:53 pm

I would give this to my little one, he would love it.

December 05, 2013 at 10:23 pm

My son and daughter. X

December 05, 2013 at 10:25 pm

My Little girl she would love it x

December 05, 2013 at 11:07 pm

December 06, 2013 at 12:17 am

my brothers son- hes 5 x

December 06, 2013 at 10:02 am

I would give it to my step-granddaughter

December 06, 2013 at 4:11 pm

December 06, 2013 at 4:28 pm

would have to go between my two younger boys, Isaak and Archie!! With the hope that they didnt fight to much, lol least it built for children and quite robust!

December 06, 2013 at 4:46 pm

I would give it to my youngest 3 girls to share & have fun with!

December 06, 2013 at 8:01 pm

My son would love this

December 06, 2013 at 9:29 pm

My daughter x

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73 Fun Human Body Systems Activities and Ideas

by Katrina | Jan 24, 2024 | Lesson Ideas , Science

Middle and high school is a crucial time for students to delve into the fascinating world of human biology and human body systems. Understanding the intricacies of the human body systems can be a challenging but rewarding experience. To make learning engaging and enjoyable, educators can incorporate a variety of hands-on human body systems activities that cater to different learning styles. 

In this blog post, we’ll explore 73 fun and interactive human body systems activities and ideas suitable for middle school students. From cut and paste activities to digital escape rooms, these activities are designed to foster curiosity and deepen understanding.

human body systems activities ideas 

Disclaimer: This blog post, ‘ 73 fun human body systems activities and ideas’ , may contain links to resources that I have created for classroom use. Read full disclaimer here .  activ

In middle school the main individual body systems students need to know include:

• The digestive system
• The respiratory system
• The cardiovascular system
• The skeletal system
• The muscular system
• The nervous system
• The excretory system
• The male reproductive system
• The female reproductive system
• The immune system

There is a lot to learn in these categories once you take into account the many body parts, functions, major systems, how the systems interact with each other, and the many processes that occur in the human body to keep it alive and well. 

Engage students in learning with the following human body systems activities and ideas.

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73 Fun Human Body Systems Activities for Middle School

No-prep  human body systems activities.

While the below categories are great to explore, I’m going to start but mentioning my favorite no-prep or print-and-go human body systems activities first. 

If I have to explain it you’re probably not a teacher! 

• Organ Diagram Labelling:

Offer diagrams of specific body systems and have students label the organs using a word bank. This activity enhances anatomical knowledge and helps reinforce the connections between organs. Grab a free copy of my diagram labelling for the heart .

• Human Body Systems Stations:

Set up stations around the classroom, each dedicated to a different body system. Students rotate through these stations, engaging in activities related to each system. This approach provides a comprehensive overview of the human body. Grab some ready to print and go here .

• Human Body Systems Crossword Puzzles:

Create crossword puzzles with clues related to different body systems. This activity not only reinforces terminology but also encourages critical thinking and problem-solving skills. Grab a bundle of body system crossword puzzles here .

• Escape Room Challenges:

Design or use a pre-made digital escape room with puzzles and challenges related to human body systems. Students must solve each puzzle to “escape,” promoting teamwork and critical thinking. These are perfect to do individually or in small groups to engage students and a great way to promote class discussion and collaboration. See my favorite body system digital escape rooms here .

• Scaffolded notes

Scaffolded notes or cloze passages are a great way to help students learn in a supportive way and to ensure they all have a full set of notes to revise over later.

6. Doodle Notes 

Encourage students to complete pre-made doodle notes or to create doodle notes illustrating processes like digestion, respiration, or the circulatory system. The act of visually representing processes helps with memory retention, and the creative aspect makes learning more enjoyable. Grab a FREE copy of my cardiovascular doodle notes to see if you like them! 

Note:  “Doodle Notes” is a trademarked term used with permission. Please visit doodlenotes.org for more information.

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Creative Human Body Systems Activities

• Human Body Systems Podcasts:

Assign students the task of creating podcasts discussing different body systems. This activity enhances communication skills and allows students to become teachers themselves. Even just listening to some cool podcasts would be a great addition to the classroom.

• Build-a-Body:

Provide students with templates of the human body and various organs. Students can cut and paste the organs onto the body template, creating a visual representation of the human body. 

• DIY Model Organs:

Encourage creativity by having students create three-dimensional models of organs using household items like clay, playdough, or recycled materials. This hands-on approach allows for a deeper understanding of organ structure.

• Anatomy Coloring Pages:

Provide intricate coloring pages featuring anatomical illustrations. This artistic approach not only relaxes students but also reinforces their understanding of organ placement and structure.  

• Body Systems Comic Strips:

Encourage creativity by having students create comic strips illustrating the interactions between different body systems. This artistic approach combines science with storytelling.

• DIY Organ T-Shirts:

Bring creativity into the classroom by having students design T-shirts featuring different organs. This artistic activity allows for personal expression while reinforcing knowledge of organ locations.

• Systems Songwriting:

Challenge students to write and perform songs about various body systems. This musical approach makes learning memorable and enjoyable.

• Bio-Art Gallery:

Host a bio-art gallery where students showcase their artistic representations of different body systems. This interdisciplinary approach combines science with the arts.

• Anatomy Rap Battles:

Organize rap battles where students create rhymes and verses related to different body systems. This musical approach combines creativity with scientific knowledge.

• Human Body Systems Diorama:

Assign students the task of creating dioramas representing different body systems. This three-dimensional approach reinforces spatial understanding.

human body systems activities ideas   

Body Systems Escape Room Digital Bundle

Body Systems Worksheets, Stations and Activities Bundle

Body Systems Activities Ultimate Mega Bundle

Technology human body systems activities.

• Virtual Dissection:

Explore online resources that offer virtual dissection experiences. These interactive simulations allow students to virtually dissect organs and gain a better understanding of their structures and functions. Click here to see 15 virtual dissection labs .

• Interactive Apps:

Explore educational apps that allow students to interact with 3D models of the human body. These apps often include quizzes and challenges to reinforce learning. 

• Digital Interactive Notebooks:

Utilize digital platforms for interactive notebooks where students can compile information, images, and videos related to each body system. This method enhances digital literacy while organizing information. 

• Body Systems QR Code Trail:

Develop a QR code trail around the school or classroom, with each code leading to information or a challenge related to a specific body system.

• Virtual Reality Field Trip:

Explore virtual reality resources that offer immersive experiences inside the human body. This technology provides a unique perspective and enhances spatial understanding.

• Interactive Worksheets:

Design worksheets with interactive elements such as drag-and-drop features, clickable links, and multimedia integration to engage students in an online environment.

23. Disease Simulations:

Simulations depicting the impact of diseases on specific body systems allow students to witness the consequences of diseases on organs and systems, gaining a deeper understanding of pathology.

Video Human Body Systems Activities

Incorporating video lessons into the curriculum adds a dynamic visual element, catering to various learning styles. These videos can range from animated explanations to real-life dissections, bringing the subject matter to life.

24.  Virtual Tours of Organs:

Utilize virtual tours or 3D animations to explore the structures of organs like the heart, lungs, and brain. This visual experience enhances understanding and retention.

25. Documentary on Body Systems:

Show documentaries that provide a comprehensive overview of the human body systems. Discuss the real-world applications of the knowledge gained from studying these systems.

26. Interviews with Experts:

Feature interviews with healthcare professionals, scientists, or researchers discussing their work related to human body systems. This provides insights into the practical applications of the knowledge being taught.

27. Historical Perspectives:

Explore the historical development of our understanding of human anatomy and physiology. Discuss key discoveries and the scientists who played pivotal roles.

28. Animated Cell Processes Videos: Watch animations illustrating cellular processes.

29. Virtual Reality Body Systems Exploration: Use virtual reality for an immersive exploration.

30. Biographical Videos on Scientists: Learn about scientists who contributed to anatomy.

31. Live Dissection Demonstrations: Stream live dissection demonstrations for real-time learning.

32. Digital Microscope Exploration: Explore microscopic structures using digital microscopes.

33. Virtual Field Trip to Medical Facilities: Virtually visit hospitals or labs to see medical practices.

34. TED-Ed Talks: Watch TED-Ed talks explaining biological concepts related to human body systems.

35. Interactive 3D Anatomy Videos: Explore interactive 3D videos illustrating anatomy.

36. Human Body Systems Webinars: Attend webinars led by experts in the field.

37. Online Courses on Human Anatomy: Enroll in online courses for in-depth learning.

38. Scientific Experiments Videos: Watch videos of scientific experiments related to body systems.

39. Virtual Exploration of Medical Imaging: Explore medical imaging techniques virtually.

40. Biomechanics in Sports Videos: Understand the role of body systems in sports biomechanics.

41. Time-Lapse Videos of Cellular Processes: Observe time-lapse videos of cellular activities.

42. Historical Anatomy Documentaries: Dive into documentaries exploring the history of anatomy.

Cardiovascular System Escape Room

Musculoskeletal System Digital Escape Room

Excretory System Digital Escape Room

Research human body systems activities.

43. Human Body Systems Timeline:

Challenge students to create a timeline showcasing the development of their understanding of human body systems. This activity fosters a sense of historical perspective and the evolution of scientific knowledge. This could also be done by researching the development of our understanding as technological advancements have led to an increase in our knowledge and understanding.

44. Body Systems Concept Maps:

Have students create concept maps illustrating the connections between various body systems. This visual representation helps them see the bigger picture and understand the interdependence of systems. Another fun modification of this is setting up the different body systems around the classroom, then using string to draw connections between those that interact together. This creates a great web and demonstrates the complexities of the human body.

45. Human Body Systems Trading Cards:

Encourage students to create trading cards featuring different body systems. This activity combines research and creativity, and students can trade cards to reinforce learning.

46. Case Studies:

Present real-life case studies involving issues within specific body systems. Students analyze the cases, propose solutions, and discuss the implications.

47. Body Systems Debate:

Organize debates where students argue for or against specific practices or technologies related to human body systems. This activity develops critical thinking and argumentation skills.

Hands-on & Experiments Human Body Systems Activities

Engaging students in hands-on experiments is a powerful way to deepen their understanding of human body systems. These experiments not only provide practical experience but also foster critical thinking and problem-solving skills. Here are a few examples:

48. Heart Rate Investigation:

Students explore the relationship between physical activity and heart rate.

Have students measure their resting heart rate, perform various exercises, and record how their heart rate changes. Discuss the impact of exercise on the cardiovascular system.

49. Digestive System Model:

Students c reate a model of the digestive system using household items. Students can simulate the journey of food through the digestive tract, emphasizing the role of enzymes and organs.

50. Lung Capacity Test:

Students explore the respiratory system function by measuring their lung capacity using simple experiments like a balloon and straw test. Discuss the importance of lung capacity in the respiratory system.

5 1. Sensory Perception Challenge:

Blindfold students and have them rely on other senses to identify objects.

Discuss how the brain processes sensory information and the role of the nervous system in perception.

52. Reflex Arc Test

Students test how fast their reflex arc is by dropping a ruler and seeing at what distance a peer was able to catch it. Grab a copy of this with full notes here .

53. Sensory Perception Challenge: Explore sensory perception by relying on non-visual senses.

54. Cellular Respiration Experiment: Demonstrate the process of cellular respiration using simple materials.

55. Blood Typing Activity: Simulate blood typing using safe, household items.

56. Muscle Contraction Demonstration: Explore muscle contractions using rubber bands or strings.

57. Circulatory System Pump Model: Build a model demonstrating how the heart pumps blood.

58. Kidney Filtration Experiment: Simulate kidney filtration using a simple filtration setup.

59. Interactive Brain Hemisphere Model: Create a hands-on model showcasing the functions of brain hemispheres.

60. Hormone Release Simulation: Demonstrate how hormones are released into the bloodstream.

61. Respiratory System Model: Build a model demonstrating the movement of air through the respiratory system.

62. Taste Bud Mapping: Explore taste bud locations on the tongue through tasting activities.

63. Endocrine System Hormone Relay: Simulate the relay of hormones through the endocrine system.

64. Joint Movement Demonstrations: Perform activities to understand the range of joint movements.

65. Skin Sensation Experiment: Investigate skin sensitivity using different stimulis

66. Visualizing Blood Flow: Use colored water to visualize blood flow through vessels.

67. Interactive Eye Model: Create a model demonstrating how the eye focuses on objects.

68. Simulated Immune Response: Explore the immune system’s response to invaders through a role-play.

69. Modeling Nerve Impulses: Use dominoes or other props to simulate nerve impulses.

70. Cut & paste activities: cut and paste to organise key term and definition, or body system and organ etc.

Fun Human Body Systems Activities

71. Body Systems Board Game:

Develop a board game where players navigate through the human body systems, answering questions and completing challenges to advance. This game format makes learning fun and competitive. To save you some preparation time, you could even get each student to write a question to enter into the board game rather than you creating them all yourself. Enter your email here and I’ll send you a free board game template !

72. Human Body Systems Jeopardy:

Create a Jeopardy-style game with questions related to various body systems. Students can compete individually or in teams, testing their knowledge in a fun and interactive way.

73. Human Body Systems Scavenger Hunt:

Create a scavenger hunt where students search for clues related to different body systems. This activity promotes teamwork and problem-solving skills.

Incorporating these diverse approaches—science experiments, video lessons, interactive simulations, and graphic organizers—ensures that educators cater to different learning needs, making the study of human body systems not only educational but also enjoyable and memorable for middle school students.

By making science fun and engaging, educators can inspire a lifelong curiosity about the wonders of the human body.

Comment below with your favorite ways to teach students about the human body systems including your best human body activities. 

Note: Always consult your school’s specific safety guidelines and policies, and seek guidance from experienced colleagues or administrators when in doubt about safety protocols. 40 fun candy science experiments

About the Author

Katrina Harte is a multi-award winning educator from Sydney, Australia who specialises in creating resources that support teachers and engage students.

Recent posts.

Check out my best selling no-prep lesson activities!

The Discovery Apple

21 super fun human body activities and experiments for kids.

Explore the human body with fun and exciting activities and experiments. I have compiled a great list for you to choose from as well as some great resources and a pack I created for the hard working teachers. Check out my best selling and favorite unit on the human body (found here) and then take a look at the amazing list!

21 Super Fun Human Body Activities and Experiments

1. Make a blood model – Who would have thought cheerios can make good looking red blood cells? They also used marshmallows to represent white blood cells which I thought was a great idea. 

2. Create a candy spinal cord – Spinal cords can be edible right? well.. not really, but in science class it can be. When you put children and candy in one room, you know what happens. This activity is definitely an attention grabber. 

3. Build a model of the kidneys and bladder – You can definitely make use of a clothing rack with this project. If you have a large class, I would think it would be a good idea for the teacher to create it and then use it as a model for the students.  

4. Red blood cell membrane experiment – This experiment illustrated the concept of osmosis in a fun and unique way!

5. Make model lungs – You probably have all of the materials to make this model. 

6. Build a robotic hand – I remember building these hands when I was younger and It was one of my favorite activities! This will be a big hit and it does not require much material. 

7. Create an edible cell – Learning about cells? How about using candy to represent the different cell organelles?

8. Working heart experiment – You will need icing and marshmallows for this one. I just love edible things! Learning and eating goes hand in hand. 

9. Make an anatomical model of the human heart – You will need modeling clay for this activity. When you begin learning about the cardiovascular system, creating a model of the heart will help them remember all of the terms and blood flow process. 

10. Outdoor stem activity – how long are your small intestines? The small intestines are super long and many people don’t realize it because of how it can be able to fit in the human body. You will need a garden hose, a ruler, and a tape measure for this activity but it definitely is a clever experiment when dealing with the digestive system. 

11. How bile breaks down fat experiment  – This is a great and simple experiment that will help demonstrate a part of the digestive system. 

12. Create a model of the digestive system – This is one of my favorite models of the digestive system. They used many things you can find at home and put them together to create the model and show the process. 

14. Stomach acid experiment – If you have fruit and lemon juice close by, this experiment can be a quick way to demonstrate stomach acid and how it breaks down food in your stomach. 

15. Make a model of the respiratory system – Combine science and art with this cute activity!

16. Make a breathing machine – This is my ultimate favorite activity! Your students will love this from Maker Lab. Just print out the free instructions and follow the directions. So much fun. 

17. Make a set of working lungs – Another fun lung activity! 

18. Organ Cage Activity – If you scroll down after clicking the link to be directed to the page on our time to learn blog, you will find directions on how they created it. it is a great activity to try in class because it only needs paper, colors, tape, and scissors. 

19. Create a human arm model 

20. Make a Popsicle stick arm – Each person can make this stick arm that doesn’t take up too much space because you will be dealing with small materials such as rubber bands and Popsicle sticks.

21. Edible skin layers cake – This is a yummy and creative project when learning about the Integumentary system. The kids will definitely love this one! 

• ← 10 Awesome Force And Motion Activities And Extra Resources
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5 thoughts on “21 Super Fun Human Body Activities and Experiments for Kids”

Great ideas! Thanks for sharing!

Thank you Rachel! 🙂

Great ideas but I want that ideas in detail

Hi Sharda, you can find detailed explanations for each idea by clicking the links. Each link takes you to the site where the activity is explained. Thanks!

thanks for the great ideas. I used them in my Special Ed class and they were a big hit.

Comments are closed.

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Human Body Project Ideas

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• Cell Biology
• Weather & Climate
• B.A., Biology, Emory University
• A.S., Nursing, Chattahoochee Technical College

Human body science projects allow people to better understand the human body. Not only do these studies help researchers improve their knowledge of anatomical functions, but they also offer insight into human behavior. Scientists and students alike should be well acquainted with human physiology. The following lists provide topic suggestions for simple experiments to conduct that will help you learn more about the complexities of the human body.

Behavioral Project Ideas

Mood and disposition.

• Does the weather affect a person's mood?
• Does smiling affect a person's mood?
• Do colors affect a person's mood?
• Does human behavior change during a full moon?
• Does room temperature affect concentration?
• How does amount of sleep affect a person's concentration?
• Does music affect blood pressure?
• How does fear affect blood pressure?
• How does caffeine affect the body?
• Does exercise affect memory retention?
• Does biological sex affect reaction time?
• How does a person's heart rate respond differently to short bursts of intense exercise vs. long stretches of steady exercise?
• Does your sense of smell affect your sense of taste?
• Which sense (taste, smell, touch) is most effective for food identification?
• Does sight affect the ability to determine the source or direction of sound?
• How do sounds (e.g. music) affect hand-eye coordination?
• Is a person's sight altered (short-term) after playing video games?

Biological Project Ideas

• Does a person's BMI affect their blood pressure?
• What is the average normal body temperature?
• Which types of exercise are most effective for increasing muscle growth?
• How do various types of acid (phosphoric acid, citric acid, etc.) affect tooth enamel?
• How do heart rate and blood pressure vary during the day?
• Does exercise affect lung capacity?
• Does blood vessel elasticity affect blood pressure?
• Does calcium impact bone strength?
• Do food smells affect saliva production?
• Does eye color affect a person's ability to distinguish colors?
• Does light intensity affect peripheral vision?
• Do different stressors (heat, cold, etc.) affect nerve sensitivity?
• How is sense of touch affected by scar tissue?
• What is the highest and lowest frequency that the average person can hear?
• Does the heat of food impact the effectiveness of different types of taste (salty, sour, sweet, bitter, umami)
• Is sense of smell or sense of touch more useful in effectively identifying unknown objects without the use of other senses?

Human Body Information

Need more inspiration for your project? These resources will get you started:

• The human body is made up of several organ systems that work together as a unit.
• Have you ever wondered why certain sounds make you cringe ? Learn about your five senses and how they work .
• The brain is a fascinating organ that directs a multitude of functions in the body. Discover how sweets can alter your brain, why swinging makes you fall asleep faster , and how video games affect brain function .
• Want to learn some interesting facts about the body? Learn 10 Facts About The Heart , 12 Facts About Blood , 10 Facts About Cells , and 8 Different Types of Body Cells .
• Biology Science Fair Project Ideas
• Animal Studies and School Project Ideas
• 10 Great Biology Activities and Lessons
• Top Biology Programs in U.S. Universities
• Introduction to the Human Genome Project
• Biology Homework Help
• Biology Suffixes Phagia and Phage
• What Is Cell Biology?
• Human Anatomy Study Tips
• Difference Between Anatomy and Physiology
• 10 Facts About Cells
• Biology Prefixes and Suffixes: phago- or phag-
• Basic Parts of the Brain and Their Responsibilities
• How to Format a Biology Lab Report
• Types of Cells in the Human Body
• Understanding the Definition of the "Auto" Prefix in Biology

This Reading Mama

Human Body Activities & Experiments for Kids

If you’re working on a human body unit study , you’ll love all these human body activities & experiments shared below!

*This post contains affiliate links.

Human Body Activities & Experiments for Kids

These activities are organized by the human body systems, so if you’re looking for an activity about the heart, jump down to Circulatory System. Enjoy and have fun with the human body!

Nervous System

Playdough Brain {Science Sparks}

Make a Brain Hemisphere Hat {Ellen McHenry’s Basement Workshop}

Teaching Sighted Kids About Blindness {The Chaos & The Clutter}

The Braille Alphabet {The Preschool Toolbox Blog}

Skeletal System

Make a Candy Spine {Adventures in Mommydom}

Q-Tip Skeleton {I Can Teach My Child}

Why the Human Body Needs Muscles & Bones {I Can Teach My Child}

Squishy Human Body Model

Muscular System

How Do Muscles Work? {Kids Activities Blog}

Beat the Clock {Primary Theme Park}

Digestive System

Brush your Teeth Craft {Cutting Tiny Bites}

How Long are Your Small Intestines? {Edventures with Kids}

Digestion Experiment {Little Stars Learning}

Digestive System: Peristalsis {Science Matters}

Urinary System

Making Kidneys & a Bladder Model {Highhill Homeschool}

Melissa & Doug Magnetic Human Body Set

Circulatory System

Blood in a Bottle {Runde’s Room}

What’s Inside a Drop of Blood? {Creekside Learning}

Blood Cell Membrane Experiment {Schooling a Monkey}

Circulatory Model {Highhill Education}

Create an Inflatable Heart {Kids Activities Blog}

Respiratory System

Learning about the Respiratory System  – {Spell Out Loud}

Respiratory System Model {Primary Theme Park}

Measuring Lung Capacity {Blog She Wrote}

Check out our Human Body Book List for Kids !

Even More Human Body Activities & Experiments

Human Body Science Experiments for Kids {The Measured Mom}

Make a Felt Anatomy Model for Kids {Teach Preschool}

Fingerprint Science for Kids {Edventures with Kids}

Life Size Body Map for Kids {Pink and Green Mama}

Human Body Trivia Game Board {Relentlessly Fun, Deceptively Educational}

Grab our Healthy Body Unit Study!

Enjoy! ~Becky

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• Human Body Science
• Free Resources
• 150 Science Experiments

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Test how you think!

Make a lung model

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All about air pressure

Test your taste buds!

Are there areas of taste?

Prove/disprove the concept!

Make Tasty Blood!

Learn the parts of blood

It's yummy...honest!

Make Your Own Bite Impression

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Posted on Last updated: November 24, 2020 By: Author Kim

Categories Anatomy Activities

Simple, Strange, and Fun Human Tricks to Mess with Your Kids

Simple, Strange, and Fun Human Body Science Experiments to Wow Your Kids.

The human body has some strange quirks.  I don’t mean things like passing gas.  (Although my kids are firmly in the phase where they find that hilarious.) I mean the way we can move and how our muscles work.  And you can trick your muscles too, making us think things are happening that aren’t.  There are some simple activities to help demonstrate to your children how we can fool our bodies.  They seem like simple parlor tricks, but there is real science behind them.  So let’s wow your kids with 5 simple human body science experiments.

What's In This Post?

The Science

Questions to ask, human body science is fascinating, human body science experiments.

When you think of strange human tricks you might be thinking of things like contortionists or people who can swallow swords.  These aren’t that complicated.  In fact, anyone can do them.  The only thing you need for these tricks is your body, and maybe a helper.  They are safe, but of course, if you or your child has some sort of physical limitation keep that in mind and take care. (Learn why these sorts of sensory activities are so important for children and their brain development—> The Big Benefits of Sensory Play )

Bet You Can’t Stand On One Foot

I bet you can prevent your child from standing on one foot, without even touching them.  To start out have your child stand on one foot.  For young toddlers, this can actually be challenging, but for preschoolers and up they can usually stand on one foot for a few seconds at least.

After you’ve established they can stand on one foot, move over to a wall.  Have your child stand with one foot against the wall and one side right up against the wall.  Have them try to lift the foot not against the wall and stand on one foot.

They can’t do it.  You try it too!

Why can’t you stand on one foot that way?  After you’ve tried (and failed) to stand on one foot while against the wall, step away and try again normally.  Do you feel the subtle shift in your weight?  When you lift one foot your center of gravity shifts to the side to compensate for the new position.  Standing against the wall makes it impossible for your weight to shift, so you fall if you try to lift a foot.

Sticky Finger

Have your child put their fingertips on a table without their palms touching the table.  Kind of like they are pretending to be a spider.  Keeping the other fingers down, have them lift their thumb.  Put it down.  Lift the pointer finger.  Put it down.  Lift the pinky finger, and then put it down.  Now lift the ring finger.

It’s pretty tough, isn’t it?  Some people can get it up a little, but not as high and certainly not as easily as the other fingers.

Why is it hard to lift the ring finger? (And do things with it in general?)  The ring finger and the middle finger share a lot of tendons.  This makes it challenging to move them independently.  When you hold your middle finger down on the table these tendons make it very hard to lift up the ring finger on its own.

Floating Arms

Have your child stand in a doorway with their arms touching each side.  Then have them press into the doorframe as hard as they can for about a minute.  (This one might be tough for younger children if they don’t quite get staying still and pressing hard for that long, but older children can experience this.)  After a minute has passed have them step forward out of the doorway and watch their arms mysteriously float up.

Why do your arms float on their own?  This is known as the Kohnstamm phenomenon . It is an involuntary contraction of the muscles after a prolonged voluntary contraction.  Basically, you are choosing to press your arms against the doorway, this is the voluntary contraction.  Once you step away your muscles maintain the contraction even though you have stopped trying to push.  This is the involuntary contraction.  You can repress this floating reaction by pressing your arms tightly to your side.

What is interesting is that this phenomenon has actually been highly studied.  It currently appears that the lift signal can be blocked before it even reaches the muscles.  This understanding of how nerves work could be helpful for conditions like Parkinsons or Tourettes.

Drop Your Arms Through the Floor

This is a two-person experiment.  Have your child lie down on the floor, face down.  Carefully lift their arms up.  Lift them as high as is comfortable, but make sure their hips are still on the floor.  Have your child relax their head forward and close their eyes.  Hold that position for about a minute, then slowly lower their arms back to the ground.  (Be careful not to knock their heads!)  As you lower their arms to the ground it will feel as though their arms are going through the floor and sticking straight out in front of them, despite being in line with the rest of their body.

Proprioception .  Alright, I’ll explain a bit more than that.  Proprioception is your body’s way of figuring out where it is in space.  You rely on all our senses, your muscles, and your nerves to know where your boy is positioned at any point in time.  You can take away one sense, but still have a general idea of what is going on with your body.  (Think you can touch your elbow.  Then close your eyes and you can still touch your elbow because your other senses know where your body is.)

It is easy to fool yourself though.  We tend to rely heavily on our sense of sight, so when that is missing it is easier to confuse your body.  When you close your eyes and relax with your arms in the air you get used to your body in that position.  As your arms are lowered your head touches the floor first and your arms keep going.  Due to your lack of sight, your body tries to adjust its mental picture of where it is located in space.  This results in feeling like your arms continue to move in front of you through the floor, even though they don’t actually do so.

Jump Forward If You Can

Have your child bend over and hold their toes, keeping their legs as straight as they can.  Holding this position ask them to jump backward.  Not too hard.  Now have them try to jump forward.  That is a lot harder, if possible at all.  Keep trying because it’s fun.

Why can’t you jump forward as well as you can jump backward?  This is another case for center of gravity.  When you bend over and hold your toes your center of gravity is shifted backward, more over your rear end.  When you want to move in a direction your center of gravity leads the way.  With it behind you, it is very hard to move forward!  Ben particularly like watching me try this one.

When you are doing these with your kids keep the conversation going! Ask questions.  What do they think will happen?  What did they observe while they did the experiment? Can they think of why the experiment did or didn’t work?  What could they do differently?  These questions as the start to the scientific method.  No, this is not a stuffy outdated idea just meant for chemistry class.  The scientific method teaches logical thinking and problem-solving.  In fact, it teaches a lot of life lessons.  (Learn about all the life lessons from the scientific method here–> Life Lessons from the Scientific Method .)

These are just 5 fun ways you can play with how your body works in and perceives the world.  It is truly fascinating!  And a lot of fun.  Scientists are still learning so much about how we perceive the world and how our nerves and muscles communicate these perceptions with our brains.  Understanding how these simple human body science experiments works helps us to get closer to solving the mystery behind many neurological diseases.

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Monday 24th of September 2018

This is the coolest post!! What fun ideas! Definitely trying these with the kids.

Wednesday 22nd of August 2018

I love these activities! We are definitely going to do some human body experiments at our house!

Monday 20th of August 2018

What fun these are. It's always nice to have simple activities to do with kiddos that engage them and make them interested in science.

These are great things that moms can use !

Jasmine Hewitt

I love these! bookmarking for when th kid is a little bigger

Science Fun

Baffling Balance Human Body Experiment

In this fun and easy human body science experiment, we’re going to explore and investigate some baffling aspects of balance. 

Instructions:

• Stand with both feet together in the middle of a room.
• Now try to balance for thirty seconds.
• Next, close your eyes for thirty seconds and attempt to balance.
• Determine if it was harder or easier with your eyes closed.
• Next, stand on one leg for fifteen seconds and try to balance.
• Now stand on one leg for fifteen seconds with your eyes closed and try to balance.
• Determine which one was more difficult.

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How it Works:

Our eyes act as a primary source of information that allows us to find and keep our balance. By closing our eyes, we shut off this stream of information making it more difficult to remain balanced.  

Make This A Science Project:

Try this experiment in a dark room. Try spinning around several times. Try holding your arms out to the side. 

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Science teachers have a big job! Of course, teaching content about the human body can be tough, especially with upper elementary and middle school students who have so many questions. Even reading nonfiction text about the human body can be fun, however! Bring engagement and excitement into your science lessons with these human body systems activities for your science classroom !

What are the Human Body Systems?

There are 11 human body systems to review with your students:

• Skeletal system
• Muscular system
• Cardiovascular/circulatory system
• Digestive system
• Nervous system
• Respiratory system
• Endocrine system
• Urinary system
• Immune/lymphatic system
• Reproductive system
• Integumentary system

Overall, these human body systems are important in teaching science standards and helping your students know how the human body works.

Read All About it!

Share some engaging nonfiction texts that teach your students all about human body systems and supplement your curriculum. This is also a great way to engage reluctant readers with high interest texts.

First, check out a comic book that takes your readers on a tour of their guts! Science Comics: The Digestive System: A Tour Through Your Guts . Because the book is written by a gastroenterologist, you know all the facts about the mouth, stomach, liver, intestines, and other organs of the gastrointestinal tract are on point!

Next, skeletal and muscular systems are meant to be seen to understand. The book, Illumanatomy: See inside the human body with your magic viewing lens is a special book where your students can look inside the human body! Students also use the magic three-color lens to see beneath the surface.

Ready to learn about the circulatory system? The Heart: All about Our Circulatory System and More! is an easy-to-read text with gorgeous pictures. This text is perfect for young and old readers!

CSI Spy Mystery

Kids love CSI cases and mysteries! Why not incorporate them into your human body systems activities?

To begin, students work on their own or in pairs to be the first to solve the human body related case! Students also go through tasks and earn a clue card after checking their completed task with you. Of course, this helps them eliminate suspects and evidence. Overall, all the cases are “Top Secret” with files and props to make it seem like a real case!

The tasks are perfect for increasing reading comprehension and include:

• Cloze Reading – Fill in the blank
• Find and Fix – Fix incorrect statements
• True or False with a secret word
• Main idea and supporting details
• Try the Immune System CSI Spy Mystery to learn all about the immune system, pathogens, antigens, antibodies, white blood cells!

More Puzzles

If you’ve tried some Think Tank Escape Rooms but are looking for different puzzles, check out reading and puzzle escape games!

Just like the Escape Rooms, these puzzles have your students engaged and learning. However, there are a few differences between these puzzles and the original Escape Rooms. First, there are new leveled reading passages. Also, there are four new puzzles and decoders. Check out these fun new puzzles!

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Try the Respiratory system reading and puzzle games . Your students also learn about the nose, mouth, throat, windpipe, lungs and diaphragm in these fun games!

Even older students love to color! Use the color by number activities to learn about the human body systems. First, students complete a “before reading” guide. Next, they read all about Human Body Systems, including Skeletal system, Muscular system, Cardiovascular/circulatory system, Digestive system, and more. Your students then answer questions, mark the text for evidence, and color the picture according to their answer. Finally, they complete the “after reading” anticipation guide.

I love using the color by number with science and language arts to practice text marking strategies! As an added bonus, you can hang the finished project up in the classroom to showcase your students’ art skills! It’s a win, win!

Scavenger Hunt

I love this Human Body Systems Scavenger Hunt that covers all of the 11 human body systems!

The Human Body Systems Scavenger Hunt is part learning activity, part competition. First, students read passages and answer questions while moving around the room. Each of the 14 Ingredient Cards contains a short reading passage, a multiple-choice question, and a clue that leads them to their next Ingredient Card. Next, your students determine missing ingredients in a cake bake-off. Finally, students visit each of the 14 Ingredient Cards and put together the recipe to win!

Overall, teaching human body systems activities for your science classroom has never been easier! Whether you’re trying a circulatory escape room or sharing the muscular system CSI mystery , your students will love these human body systems activities! What human body systems activities for your science classroom will you share with your students?

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Earthing: Health Implications of Reconnecting the Human Body to the Earth's Surface Electrons

Gaétan chevalier, stephen t sinatra, james l oschman, karol sokal, pawel sokal.

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*Gaétan Chevalier: [email protected]

Academic Editor: Gerry Schwalfenberg

Received 2011 Jun 15; Accepted 2011 Oct 4; Issue date 2012.

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Environmental medicine generally addresses environmental factors with a negative impact on human health. However, emerging scientific research has revealed a surprisingly positive and overlooked environmental factor on health: direct physical contact with the vast supply of electrons on the surface of the Earth. Modern lifestyle separates humans from such contact. The research suggests that this disconnect may be a major contributor to physiological dysfunction and unwellness. Reconnection with the Earth's electrons has been found to promote intriguing physiological changes and subjective reports of well-being. Earthing (or grounding) refers to the discovery of benefits—including better sleep and reduced pain—from walking barefoot outside or sitting, working, or sleeping indoors connected to conductive systems that transfer the Earth's electrons from the ground into the body. This paper reviews the earthing research and the potential of earthing as a simple and easily accessed global modality of significant clinical importance.

1. Introduction

Environmental medicine focuses on interactions between human health and the environment, including factors such as compromised air and water and toxic chemicals, and how they cause or mediate disease. Omnipresent throughout the environment is a surprisingly beneficial, yet overlooked global resource for health maintenance, disease prevention, and clinical therapy: the surface of the Earth itself. It is an established, though not widely appreciated fact, that the Earth's surface possesses a limitless and continuously renewed supply of free or mobile electrons. The surface of the planet is electrically conductive (except in limited ultradry areas such as deserts), and its negative potential is maintained (i.e., its electron supply replenished) by the global atmospheric electrical circuit [ 1 , 2 ].

Mounting evidence suggests that the Earth's negative potential can create a stable internal bioelectrical environment for the normal functioning of all body systems. Moreover, oscillations of the intensity of the Earth's potential may be important for setting the biological clocks regulating diurnal body rhythms, such as cortisol secretion [ 3 ].

It is also well established that electrons from antioxidant molecules neutralize reactive oxygen species (ROS, or in popular terms, free radicals) involved in the body's immune and inflammatory responses. The National Library of Medicine's online resource PubMed lists 7021 studies and 522 review articles from a search of “antioxidant + electron + free radical” [ 3 ]. It is assumed that the influx of free electrons absorbed into the body through direct contact with the Earth likely neutralize ROS and thereby reduce acute and chronic inflammation [ 4 ]. Throughout history, humans mostly walked barefoot or with footwear made of animal skins. They slept on the ground or on skins. Through direct contact or through perspiration-moistened animal skins used as footwear or sleeping mats, the ground's abundant free electrons were able to enter the body, which is electrically conductive [ 5 ]. Through this mechanism, every part of the body could equilibrate with the electrical potential of the Earth, thereby stabilizing the electrical environment of all organs, tissues, and cells.

Modern lifestyle has increasingly separated humans from the primordial flow of Earth's electrons. For example, since the 1960s, we have increasingly worn insulating rubber or plastic soled shoes, instead of the traditional leather fashioned from hides. Rossi has lamented that the use of insulating materials in post-World War II shoes has separated us from the Earth's energy field [ 6 ]. Obviously, we no longer sleep on the ground as we did in times past.

During recent decades, chronic illness, immune disorders, and inflammatory diseases have increased dramatically, and some researchers have cited environmental factors as the cause [ 7 ]. However, the possibility of modern disconnection with the Earth's surface as a cause has not been considered. Much of the research reviewed in this paper points in that direction.

In the late 19th century, a back-to-nature movement in Germany claimed many health benefits from being barefoot outdoors, even in cold weather [ 8 ]. In the 1920s, White, a medical doctor, investigated the practice of sleeping grounded after being informed by some individuals that they could not sleep properly “unless they were on the ground or connected to the ground in some way,” such as with copper wires attached to grounded-to-Earth water, gas, or radiator pipes. He reported improved sleeping using these techniques [ 9 ]. However, these ideas never caught on in mainstream society.

At the end of the last century, experiments initiated independently by Ober in the USA [ 10 ] and K. Sokal and P. Sokal [ 11 ] in Poland revealed distinct physiological and health benefits with the use of conductive bed pads, mats, EKG- and TENS-type electrode patches, and plates connected indoors to the Earth outside. Ober, a retired cable television executive, found a similarity between the human body (a bioelectrical, signal-transmitting organism) and the cable used to transmit cable television signals. When cables are “grounded” to the Earth, interference is virtually eliminated from the signal. Furthermore, all electrical systems are stabilized by grounding them to the Earth. K. Sokal and P. Sokal, meanwhile, discovered that grounding the human body represents a “universal regulating factor in Nature” that strongly influences bioelectrical, bioenergetic, and biochemical processes and appears to offer a significant modulating effect on chronic illnesses encountered daily in their clinical practices.

Earthing (also known as grounding) refers to contact with the Earth's surface electrons by walking barefoot outside or sitting, working, or sleeping indoors connected to conductive systems, some of them patented, that transfer the energy from the ground into the body. Emerging scientific research supports the concept that the Earth's electrons induce multiple physiological changes of clinical significance, including reduced pain, better sleep, a shift from sympathetic to parasympathetic tone in the autonomic nervous system (ANS), and a blood-thinning effect. The research, along with many anecdotal reports, is presented in a new book entitled Earthing [ 12 ].

2. Review of Earthing Papers

The studies summarized below involve indoor-testing methods under controlled conditions that simulate being barefoot outdoors.

2.1. Sleep and Chronic Pain

In a blinded pilot study, Ober recruited 60 subjects (22 males and 28 females) who suffered from self-described sleep disturbances and chronic muscle and joint pain for at least six months [ 10 ]. Subjects were randomly divided for the month-long study in which both groups slept on conductive carbon fiber mattress pads provided by Ober. Half the pads were connected to a dedicated Earth ground outside each subject's bedroom window, while the other half were “sham” grounded—not connected to the Earth. Results are presented in Table 1 .

Subjective sleep, pain, and well-being feedback.

*Reports not received from three participants.

**Reports not received from seven participants.

Most grounded subjects described symptomatic improvement while most in the control group did not. Some subjects reported significant relief from asthmatic and respiratory conditions, rheumatoid arthritis, PMS, sleep apnea, and hypertension while sleeping grounded. These results indicated that the effects of earthing go beyond reduction of pain and improvements in sleep.

2.2. Sleep, Stress, Pain, and Cortisol

A pilot study evaluated diurnal rhythms in cortisol correlated with changes in sleep, pain, and stress (anxiety, depression, and irritability), as monitored by subjective reporting [ 13 ]. Twelve subjects with complaints of sleep dysfunction, pain, and stress were grounded to Earth during sleep in their own beds using a conductive mattress pad for 8 weeks.

In order to obtain a baseline measurement of cortisol, subjects chewed Dacron salvettes for 2 minutes and then placed them in time-labeled sampling tubes that were stored in a refrigerator. Self-administered sample collections began at 8 AM and were repeated every 4 hours. After 6 weeks of being grounded, subjects repeated this 24-hour saliva test. The samples were processed using a standard radioimmunoassay. A composite of the results is shown in Figure 1 .

Cortisol levels before and after grounding. In unstressed individuals, the normal 24-hour cortisol secretion profile follows a predictable pattern: lowest around midnight and highest around 8 a.m. Graph (a) illustrates the wide variation of patterns among study participants prior to grounding, while (b) shows a realignment and normalization trend of patterns after six weeks of sleeping grounded.

Subjective symptoms of sleep dysfunction, pain, and stress were reported daily throughout the 8-week test period. The majority of subjects with high- to out-of-range nighttime secretion levels experienced improvements by sleeping grounded. This is demonstrated by the restoration of normal day-night cortisol secretion profiles.

Eleven of 12 participants reported falling asleep more quickly, and all 12 reported waking up fewer times at night. Grounding the body at night during sleep also appears to positively affect morning fatigue levels, daytime energy, and nighttime pain levels.

About 30 percent of the general American adult population complain of sleep disruption, while approximately 10 percent have associated symptoms of daytime functional impairment consistent with the diagnosis of insomnia. Insomnia often correlates with major depression, generalized anxiety, substance abuse, dementia, and a variety of pain and physical problems. The direct and indirect costs of chronic insomnia have been estimated at tens of billions of dollars annually in the USA alone [ 14 ]. In view of the burdens of personal discomfort and health care costs, grounding the body during sleep seems to have much to offer.

2.3. Earthing Reduces Electric Fields Induced on the Body

Voltage induced on a human body from the electrical environment was measured using a high-impedance measurement head. Applewhite, an electrical engineer and expert in the design of electrostatic discharge systems in the electronic industry, was both subject and author of the study [ 15 ]. Measurements were taken while ungrounded and then grounded using a conductive patch and conductive bed pad. The author measured the induced fields at three positions: left breast, abdomen, and left thigh.

Each method (patch and sheet) immediately reduced the common alternating current (AC) 60 Hz ambient voltage induced on the body by a highly significant factor of about 70 on average. Figure 2 shows this effect.

Effect of bed pad grounding on 60 Hz mode.

The study showed that when the body is grounded, its electrical potential becomes equalized with the Earth's electrical potential through a transfer of electrons from the Earth to the body. This, in turn, prevents the 60 Hz mode from producing an AC electric potential at the surface of the body and from producing perturbations of the electric charges of the molecules inside the body. The study confirms the “umbrella” effect of earthing the body explained by Nobel Prize winner Richard Feynman in his lectures on electromagnetism [ 16 ]. Feynman said that when the body potential is the same as the Earth's electric potential (and thus grounded), it becomes an extension of the Earth's gigantic electric system. The Earth's potential thus becomes the “working agent that cancels, reduces, or pushes away electric fields from the body.”

Applewhite was able to document changes in the ambient voltage induced on the body by monitoring the voltage drop across a resistor. This effect clearly showed the “umbrella effect” described above. The body of the grounded person is not subject to the perturbation of electrons and electrical systems.

Jamieson asks whether the failure to appropriately ground humans is a factor contributing to the potential consequences of electropollution in office settings [ 17 ]. Considerable debate exists on whether electromagnetic fields in our environment cause a risk to health [ 18 ], but there is no question that the body reacts to the presence of environmental electric fields. This study demonstrates that grounding essentially eliminates the ambient voltage induced on the body from common electricity power sources.

2.4. Physiological and Electrophysiological Effects

2.4.1. reductions in overall stress levels and tension and shift in ans balance.

Fifty-eight healthy adult subjects (including 30 controls) participated in a randomized double-blind pilot study investigating earthing effects on human physiology [ 19 ]. Earthing was accomplished with a conductive adhesive patch placed on the sole of each foot. A biofeedback system recorded electrophysiological and physiological parameters. Experimental subjects were exposed to 28 minutes in the unearthed condition followed by 28 minutes with the earthing wire connected. Controls were unearthed for 56 minutes.

Upon earthing, about half the subjects showed an abrupt, almost instantaneous change in root mean square (rms) values of electroencephalograms (EEGs) from the left hemisphere (but not the right hemisphere) at all frequencies analyzed by the biofeedback system (beta, alpha, theta, and delta).

All grounded subjects presented an abrupt change in rms values of surface electromyograms (SEMGs) from right and left upper trapezius muscles. Earthing decreased blood volume pulse (BVP) in 19 of 22 experimental subjects (statistically significant) and in 8 of 30 controls (not significant). Earthing the human body showed significant effects on electrophysiological properties of the brain and musculature, on the BVP, and on the noise and stability of electrophysiological recordings. Taken together, the changes in EEG, EMG, and BVP suggest reductions in overall stress levels and tensions and a shift in ANS balance upon earthing. The results extend the conclusions of previous studies.

2.4.2. Confirming Shift from Sympathetic to Parasympathetic Activation

A multiparameter double-blind study was designed to reproduce and expand on previous electrophysiological and physiological parameters measured immediately after grounding with an improved methodology and state-of-the-art equipment [ 20 ]. Fourteen men and 14 women, in good health, ages 18–80, were tested while seated in a comfortable recliner during 2-hour grounding sessions, leaving time for signals to stabilize before, during, and after grounding (40 minutes for each period). Sham 2-hour grounding sessions were also recorded with the same subjects as controls. For each session, statistical analyses were performed on four 10-minute segments: before and after grounding (sham grounding for control sessions) and before and after ungrounding (sham ungrounding for control sessions). The following results were documented:

an immediate decrease (within a few seconds) in skin conductance (SC) at grounding and an immediate increase at ungrounding. No change was seen for the control (sham grounding) sessions;

respiratory rate (RR) increased during grounding, an effect that lasted after ungrounding. RR variance increased immediately after grounding and then decreased;

blood oxygenation (BO) variance decreased during grounding, followed by a dramatic increase after ungrounding;

pulse rate (PR) and perfusion index (PI) variances increased toward the end of the grounding period, and this change persisted after ungrounding.

The immediate decrease in SC indicates a rapid activation of the parasympathetic nervous system and corresponding deactivation of the sympathetic nervous system. The immediate increase in SC at cessation of grounding indicates an opposite effect. Increased RR, stabilization of BO, and slight rise in heart rate suggest the start of a metabolic healing response necessitating an increase in oxygen consumption.

2.4.3. Immune Cell and Pain Responses with Delayed-Onset Muscle Soreness Induction

Pain reduction from sleeping grounded has been documented in previous studies [ 10 , 13 ]. This pilot study looked for blood markers that might differentiate between grounded and ungrounded subjects who completed a single session of intense, eccentric exercise resulting in delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) of the gastrocnemius [ 21 ]. If markers were able to differentiate these groups, future studies could be done in greater detail with a larger subject base. DOMS is a common complaint in the fitness and athletic world following excessive physical activity and involves acute inflammation in overtaxed muscles. It develops in 14 to 48 hours and persists for more than 96 hours [ 22 ]. No known treatment reduces the recovery period, but apparently massage and hydrotherapy [ 23 – 25 ] and acupuncture [ 26 ] can reduce pain.

Eight healthy men ages 20–23 were put through a similar routine of toe raises while carrying on their shoulders a barbell equal to one-third of their body weight. Each participant was exercised individually on a Monday morning and then monitored for the rest of the week while following a similar eating, sleeping, and living schedule in a hotel. The group was randomly divided in half and either grounded or sham grounded with the use of a conductive patch placed at the sole of each foot during active hours and a conductive sheet at night. Complete blood counts, blood chemistry, enzyme chemistry, serum and saliva cortisol, magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy, and pain levels (a total of 48 parameters) were taken at the same time of day before the eccentric exercise and at 24, 48, and 72 hours afterwards. Parameters consistently differing by 10 percent or more, normalized to baseline, were considered worthy of further study.

Parameters that differed by these criteria included white blood cell counts, bilirubin, creatine kinase, phosphocreatine/inorganic phosphate ratios, glycerolphosphorylcholine, phosphorylcholine, the visual analogue pain scale, and pressure measurements on the right gastrocnemius.

The results showed that grounding the body to the Earth alters measures of immune system activity and pain. Among the ungrounded men, for instance, there was an expected, sharp increase in white blood cells at the stage when DOMS is known to reach its peak and greater perception of pain (see Figure 3 ). This effect demonstrates a typical inflammatory response. In comparison, the grounded men had only a slight decrease in white blood cells, indicating scant inflammation, and, for the first time ever observed, a shorter recovery time. Brown later commented that there were “significant differences” in the pain these men reported [ 12 ].

Delayed onset muscle soreness and grounding. Consistent with all measurements, ungrounded subjects expressed the perception of greater pain. Related to the pain finding was evidence of a muted white blood cell response indicating that a grounded body experiences less inflammation.

2.4.4. Heart Rate Variability

The rapid change in skin conductance reported in an earlier study led to the hypothesis that grounding may also improve heart rate variability (HRV), a measurement of the heart's response to ANS regulation. A double-blind study was designed with 27 participants [ 27 ]. Subjects sat in a comfortable reclining chair. Four transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) type adhesive electrode patches were placed on the sole of each foot and on each palm.

Participants served as their own controls. Each participant's data from a 2-hour session (40 minutes of which was grounded) were compared with another 2-hour sham-grounded session. The sequence of grounding versus sham-grounding sessions was assigned randomly.

During the grounded sessions, participants had statistically significant improvements in HRV that went way beyond basic relaxation results (which were shown by the nongrounded sessions). Since improved HRV is a significant positive indicator on cardiovascular status, it is suggested that simple grounding techniques be utilized as a basic integrative strategy in supporting the cardiovascular system, especially under situations of heightened autonomic tone when the sympathetic nervous system is more activated than the parasympathetic nervous system.

2.4.5. Reduction of Primary Indicators of Osteoporosis, Improvement of Glucose Regulation, and Immune Response

K. Sokal and P. Sokal, cardiologist and neurosurgeon father and son on the medical staff of a military clinic in Poland, conducted a series of experiments to determine whether contact with the Earth via a copper conductor can affect physiological processes [ 11 ]. Their investigations were prompted by the question as to whether the natural electric charge on the surface of the Earth influences the regulation of human physiological processes.

Double-blind experiments were conducted on groups ranging from 12 to 84 subjects who followed similar physical activity, diet, and fluid intake during the trial periods. Grounding was achieved with a copper plate (30 mm × 80 mm) placed on the lower part of the leg, attached with a strip so that it would not come off during the night. The plate was connected by a conductive wire to a larger plate (60 mm × 250 mm) placed in contact with the Earth outside.

In one experiment with nonmedicated subjects, grounding during a single night of sleep resulted in statistically significant changes in concentrations of minerals and electrolytes in the blood serum: iron, ionized calcium, inorganic phosphorus, sodium, potassium, and magnesium. Renal excretion of both calcium and phosphorus was reduced significantly. The observed reductions in blood and urinary calcium and phosphorus directly relate to osteoporosis. The results suggest that Earthing for a single night reduces primary indicators of osteoporosis.

Earthing continually during rest and physical activity over a 72-hour period decreased fasting glucose among patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Patients had been well controlled with glibenclamide, an antidiabetic drug, for about 6 months, but at the time of study had unsatisfactory glycemic control despite dietary and exercise advice and glibenclamide doses of 10 mg/day.

K. Sokal and P. Sokal drew blood samples from 6 male and 6 female adults with no history of thyroid disease. A single night of grounding produced a significant decrease of free tri-iodothyronine and an increase of free thyroxin and thyroid-stimulating hormone. The meaning of these results is unclear but suggests an earthing influence on hepatic, hypothalamus, and pituitary relationships with thyroid function. Ober et al. [ 12 ] have observed that many individuals on thyroid medication reported symptoms of hyperthyroid, such as heart palpitations, after starting grounding. Such symptoms typically vanish after medication is adjusted downward under medical supervision. Through a series of feedback regulations, thyroid hormones affect almost every physiological process in the body, including growth and development, metabolism, body temperature, and heart rate. Clearly, further study of earthing effects on thyroid function is needed.

In another experiment, the effect of grounding on the classic immune response following vaccination was examined. Earthing accelerated the immune response, as demonstrated by increases in gamma globulin concentration. This result confirms an association between earthing and the immune response, as was suggested in the DOMS study [ 21 ].

K. Sokal and P. Sokal conclude that earthing the human body influences human physiological processes, including increasing the activity of catabolic processes and may be “the primary factor regulating endocrine and nervous systems.”

2.4.6. Altered Blood Electrodynamics

Since grounding produces changes in many electrical properties of the body [ 1 , 15 , 19 , 28 ], a next logical step was to evaluate the electrical property of the blood. A suitable measure is the zeta potential of red blood cells (RBCs) and RBC aggregation. Zeta potential is a parameter closely related to the number of negative charges on the surface of an RBC. The higher the number, the greater the ability of the RBC to repel other RBCs. Thus, the greater the zeta potential the less coagulable is the blood.

Ten relatively healthy subjects participated in the study [ 29 ]. They were seated comfortably in a reclining chair and were grounded for two hours with electrode patches placed on their feet and hands, as in previous studies. Blood samples were taken before and after.

Grounding the body to the earth substantially increases the zeta potential and decreases RBC aggregation, thereby reducing blood viscosity. Subjects in pain reported reduction to the point that it was almost unnoticeable. The results strongly suggest that earthing is a natural solution for patients with excessive blood viscosity, an option of great interest not just for cardiologists, but also for any physician concerned about the relationship of blood viscosity, clotting, and inflammation. In 2008, Adak and colleagues reported the presence of both hypercoagulable blood and poor RBC zeta potential among diabetics. Zeta potential was particularly poor among diabetics with cardiovascular disease [ 30 ].

3. Discussion

Until now, the physiological significance and possible health effects of stabilizing the internal bioelectrical environment of an organism have not been a significant topic of research. Some aspects of this, however, are relatively obvious. In the absence of Earth contact, internal charge distribution will not be uniform, but instead will be subject to a variety of electrical perturbations in the environment. It is well known that many important regulations and physiological processes involve events taking place on cell and tissue surfaces. In the absence of a common reference point, or “ground,” electrical gradients, due to uneven charge distribution, can build up along tissue surfaces and cell membranes.

We can predict that such charge differentials will influence biochemical and physiological processes. First, the structure and functioning of many enzymes are sensitive to local environmental conditions. Each enzyme has an optimal pH that favors maximal activity. A change in the electrical environment can alter the pH of biological fluids and the charge distribution on molecules and thereby affect reaction rates. The pH effect results because of critical charged amino acids at the active site of the enzyme that participate in substrate binding and catalysis. In addition, the ability of a substrate or enzyme to donate or accept hydrogen ions is influenced by pH.

Another example is provided by voltage-gated ion channels, which play critical biophysical roles in excitable cells such as neurons. Local alterations in the charge profiles around these channels can lead to electrical instability of the cell membrane and to the inappropriate spontaneous activity observed during certain pathological states [ 31 ].

Earthing research offers insights into the clinical potential of barefoot contact with the Earth, or simulated barefoot contact indoors via simple conductive systems, on the stability of internal bioelectrical function and human physiology. Initial experiments resulted in subjective reports of improved sleep and reduced pain [ 10 ]. Subsequent research showed that improved sleep was correlated with a normalization of the cortisol day-night profile [ 13 ]. The results are significant in light of the extensive research showing that lack of sleep stresses the body and contributes to many detrimental health consequences. Lack of sleep is often the result of pain. Hence, reduction of pain might be one reason for the benefits just described.

Pain reduction from sleeping grounded has been confirmed in a controlled study on DOMS. Earthing is the first intervention known to speed recovery from DOMS [ 21 ]. Painful conditions are often the result of various kinds of acute or chronic inflammation conditions caused in part by ROS generated by normal metabolism and also by the immune system as part of the response to injury or trauma. Inflammation can cause pain and loss of range of motion in joints. Inflammatory swelling can put pressure on pain receptors (nocireceptors) and can compromise the microcirculation, leading to ischemic pain. Inflammation can cause the release of toxic molecules that also activate pain receptors. Modern biomedical research has also documented a close relationship between chronic inflammation and virtually all chronic diseases, including the diseases of aging, and the aging process itself. The steep rise in inflammatory diseases, in fact, has been recently called “inflamm-aging” to describe a progressive inflammatory status and a loss of stress-coping ability as major components of the aging process [ 32 ].

Reduction in inflammation as a result of earthing has been documented with infrared medical imaging [ 28 ] and with measurements of blood chemistry and white blood cell counts [ 21 ]. The logical explanation for the anti-inflammatory effects is that grounding the body allows negatively charged antioxidant electrons from the Earth to enter the body and neutralize positively charged free radicals at sites of inflammation [ 28 ]. Flow of electrons from the Earth to the body has been documented [ 15 ].

A pilot study on the electrodynamics of red blood cells (zeta potential) has revealed that earthing significantly reduces blood viscosity, an important but neglected parameter in cardiovascular diseases and diabetes [ 29 ], and circulation in general. Thus, thinning the blood may allow for more oxygen delivery to tissues and further support the reduction of inflammation.

Stress reduction has been confirmed with various measures showing rapid shifts in the ANS from sympathetic to parasympathetic dominance, improvement in heart rate variability, and normalization of muscle tension [ 19 , 20 , 27 ].

Not reported here are many observations over more than two decades by Ober et al. [ 12 ] and K. Sokal and P. Sokal [ 11 ] indicating that regular earthing may improve blood pressure, cardiovascular arrhythmias, and autoimmune conditions such as lupus, multiple sclerosis, and rheumatoid arthritis. Some effects of earthing on medication are described by Ober et al. [ 12 ] and at the website: http://www.earthinginstitute.net/ . As an example, the combination of earthing and coumadin has the potential to exert a compounded blood thinning effect and must be supervised by a physician. Multiple anecdotes of elevated INR have been reported. INR (international normalized ratio) is a widely used measurement of coagulation. The influence of earthing on thyroid function and medication has been described earlier.

From a practical standpoint, clinicians could recommend outdoor “barefoot sessions” to patients, weather, and conditions permitting. Ober et al. [ 12 ] have observed that going barefoot as little as 30 or 40 minutes daily can significantly reduce pain and stress, and the studies summarized here explain why this is the case. Obviously, there is no cost for barefoot grounding. However, the use of conductive systems while sleeping, working, or relaxing indoors offer a more convenient and routine-friendly approach.

4. Conclusion

De Flora et al. wrote the following: “Since the late 20th century, chronic degenerative diseases have overcome infectious disease as the major causes of death in the 21st century, so an increase in human longevity will depend on finding an intervention that inhibits the development of these diseases and slows their progress” [ 33 ].

Could such an intervention be located right beneath our feet? Earthing research, observations, and related theories raise an intriguing possibility about the Earth's surface electrons as an untapped health resource—the Earth as a “global treatment table.” Emerging evidence shows that contact with the Earth—whether being outside barefoot or indoors connected to grounded conductive systems—may be a simple, natural, and yet profoundly effective environmental strategy against chronic stress, ANS dysfunction, inflammation, pain, poor sleep, disturbed HRV, hypercoagulable blood, and many common health disorders, including cardiovascular disease. The research done to date supports the concept that grounding or earthing the human body may be an essential element in the health equation along with sunshine, clean air and water, nutritious food, and physical activity.

G. Chevalier, S. T. Sinatra, and J. L. Oschman are independent contractors for Earthx L. Inc., the company sponsoring earthing research, and own a small percentage of shares in the company.

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