COMMENTS

  1. Statistical Hypothesis

    Hypothesis testing involves two statistical hypotheses. The first is the null hypothesis (H 0) as described above.For each H 0, there is an alternative hypothesis (H a) that will be favored if the null hypothesis is found to be statistically not viable.The H a can be either nondirectional or directional, as dictated by the research hypothesis. For example, if a researcher only believes the new ...

  2. Statistical Hypothesis Testing

    Hypothesis Testing. Statistical hypothesis testing is the use of data in deciding between two (or more) different possibilities in order to resolve an issue in an ambiguous situation. Hypothesis testing produces a definite decision about which of the possibilities is correct, based on data.

  3. Concepts of Hypothesis Testing and Types of Errors

    7.10. Conclusion. In hypothesis testing, a correct and careful interpretation of statistical results is necessary, sizes of "effect estimates" and "confidence limits," and p values are necessary. It is necessary to carefully and critically examine the assumptions which will help to draw necessary conclusions.

  4. Hypotheses and Hypothesis Testing

    8 Summary. The least common denominator for all sciences is that hypotheses are formulated and tested. This is meaningful only if one is prepared to change one mind after testing, to admit that even one favourite hypothesis was wrong. This state of mind is a crucial part of the scientific attitude. Testing hypotheses against observations ...

  5. Medical Hypotheses

    About the journal. Medical Hypotheses is a forum for ideas in medicine and related biomedical sciences. It will publish interesting and important theoretical papers that foster the diversity and debate upon which the scientific process thrives. The Aims and Scope of Medical Hypotheses are no different now from what …. View full aims & scope.

  6. On the role of hypotheses in science

    Scientific research progresses by the dialectic dialogue between hypothesis building and the experimental testing of these hypotheses. Microbiologists as biologists in general can rely on an increasing set of sophisticated experimental methods for hypothesis testing such that many scientists maintain that progress in biology essentially comes with new experimental tools.

  7. What Constitutes Science and Scientific Evidence: Roles of Null

    Any proposed law of science or hypothesis must have testable predictions. This implies that (1) science is a study of (ideally) repeated events and (2) an essential role of science is to make predictions, so that we can act early and wisely and verify what we believe to be true. The reason we study history and experimentation is to "discover ...

  8. What Is a Hypothesis? The Scientific Method

    A hypothesis (plural hypotheses) is a proposed explanation for an observation. The definition depends on the subject. In science, a hypothesis is part of the scientific method. It is a prediction or explanation that is tested by an experiment. Observations and experiments may disprove a scientific hypothesis, but can never entirely prove one.

  9. How to Write a Strong Hypothesis

    5. Phrase your hypothesis in three ways. To identify the variables, you can write a simple prediction in if…then form. The first part of the sentence states the independent variable and the second part states the dependent variable. If a first-year student starts attending more lectures, then their exam scores will improve.

  10. Hypothesis Testing

    Abstract. Several key statistical concepts are fundamental not only for hypothesis tests but also for most statistical analyses that arise in clinical studies. Commonly used terms, such as critical values, p-values, and type I and type II errors are defined. We summarize examples of hypothesis testing for the one-sample and two-sample settings ...

  11. Scientific hypothesis

    hypothesis. science. scientific hypothesis, an idea that proposes a tentative explanation about a phenomenon or a narrow set of phenomena observed in the natural world. The two primary features of a scientific hypothesis are falsifiability and testability, which are reflected in an "If…then" statement summarizing the idea and in the ...

  12. Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis

    The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, also known as the linguistic relativity hypothesis, refers to the proposal that the particular language one speaks influences the way one thinks about reality. From: International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, 2001. About this page. Add to Mendeley Set alert.

  13. Hypothesis Testing

    In hypothesis testing, the research question of interest is simplified into one of two possible hypothesis types: the null hypothesis, denoted H 0, or the research hypothesis (sometimes called the alternative hypothesis), denoted H 1.In most cases, it is easier to reject a statement that is false (null hypothesis); therefore, we generally assume the opposite of our research question of interest.

  14. Improving Transparency to Build Trust in Real-World ...

    Search ScienceDirect. Value in Health. Volume 23, Issue 9, September 2020, Pages 1128-1136. ISPOR Report. Improving Transparency to Build Trust in Real-World Secondary Data Studies for Hypothesis Testing—Why, What, and How: Recommendations and a Road Map from the Real-World Evidence Transparency Initiative.

  15. The state of the art of hypothesis testing in the ...

    Abstract. Over many decades, one seemingly fatal critique after another has been launched against the use of social sciences' dominant practice of null-hypothesis significance testing, also known as NHST. In the last decade, we have witnessed a further upsurge in this critique, associated with suggestions as to how to conduct quantitative ...

  16. Principles: When there should be no difference

    Conclusions are made regarding the experimental hypothesis (sometimes called the alternative hypothesis) following the examination of experimental data, often with statistical tests. The logical process of the statistical testing is indirect, however. First, the antithesis of the experimental hypothesis is formulated: the null hypothesis.

  17. Guide for authors

    The hypothesis needs to be set out in explicit detail. Typically it should be clear why and how the hypothesis is different from current thinking, how the idea has evolved, and why it is important. The scientific logic of the hypothesis should be clearly evident (eg. the steps in its causal assumptions). Evaluation of the hypothesis/idea

  18. ScienceDirect.com

    3.3 million articles on ScienceDirect are open access. Articles published open access are peer-reviewed and made freely available for everyone to read, download and reuse in line with the user license displayed on the article. View the list of full open access journals and books.

  19. Kant's theory of scientific hypotheses in its ...

    In the Jäsche-Logik, Kant defines hypotheses as follows: A hypothesis is a holding-to-be-true of the judgment of the truth of a ground for the sake of its sufficiency for given consequences, or more briefly, the holding-to-be-true of a presupposition as a ground (Kant, 1992, p. 586 [IX: 84]). 7.

  20. The Efficient Market Hypothesis: Review of Specialized ...

    Selection and peer-review under responsibility of Asociatia Grupul Roman de Cercetari in Finante Corporatiste doi: 10.1016/S2212-5671(15)01416-1 ScienceDirect Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Emerging Markets Queries in Finance and Business The Efficient Market Hypothesis: review of specialized literature and empirical research ...

  21. World Development

    The Multi-Disciplinary International Journal Devoted to the Study and Promotion of World Development. World Development is a multi-disciplinary monthly journal of development studies.It seeks to explore ways of improving standards of living, and the human condition generally, by examining potential …

  22. Public Sector Corruption, FDI and Sustainable ...

    The findings on FDI provide strong evidence of the pollution haven hypothesis in Ghana whereas, the result on corruption corroborates the findings of Njangang et al. [34], Forson [23] and Venard [46] on the depressing outlook of corruption on sustainable outcomes. This outcome lends credence to the theory of internationalisation and rent-seeking.

  23. Tourism Management

    Research, Policies, Practice. Tourism Management is the leading scholarly journal focuses on the management, including planning and policy, of travel and tourism. The journal takes an interdisciplinary approach in examining international, national and regional tourism as well as specific management issues.