Definition of 'hypothesis'
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hypothesis in British English
Hypothesis in american english, examples of 'hypothesis' in a sentence hypothesis, cobuild collocations hypothesis, trends of hypothesis.
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In other languages hypothesis
- American English : hypothesis / haɪˈpɒθɪsɪs /
- Brazilian Portuguese : hipótese
- Chinese : 假设
- European Spanish : hipótesis
- French : hypothèse
- German : Hypothese
- Italian : ipotesi
- Japanese : 仮説
- Korean : 가설
- European Portuguese : hipótese
- Latin American Spanish : hipótesis
- Thai : สมมุติฐาน
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hypothesis noun
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What does the noun hypothesis mean?
There are seven meanings listed in OED's entry for the noun hypothesis , two of which are labelled obsolete. See ‘Meaning & use’ for definitions, usage, and quotation evidence.
Entry status
OED is undergoing a continuous programme of revision to modernize and improve definitions. This entry has not yet been fully revised.
How common is the noun hypothesis ?
How is the noun hypothesis pronounced, british english, u.s. english, where does the noun hypothesis come from.
Earliest known use
The earliest known use of the noun hypothesis is in the late 1500s.
OED's earliest evidence for hypothesis is from 1596, in the writing of Earl of Essex.
hypothesis is a borrowing from Greek.
Etymons: Greek ὑπόθεσις .
Nearby entries
- hypothecarious, adj. 1726–
- hypothecary, adj. 1656–
- hypothecate, v. 1693–
- hypothecation, n. 1681–
- hypothecative, adj. 1856–
- hypothecator, n. 1828–
- hypothecium, n. 1866–
- hypothenar, adj. 1706–
- hypothermia, n. 1886–
- hypothermic, adj. 1898–
- hypothesis, n. 1596–
- hypothesist, n. 1788–
- hypothesize, v. 1738–
- hypothesizer, n. 1833–
- hypothetic, adj. & n. a1680–
- hypothetical, adj. & n. 1588–
- hypothetically, adv. 1628–
- hypothetico-deductive, adj. 1912–
- hypothetico-deductively, adv. 1953–
- hypothetico-disjunctive, adj. & n. a1856–
- hypothetist, n. 1852–
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Meaning & use
Pronunciation, compounds & derived words, entry history for hypothesis, n..
hypothesis, n. was first published in 1899; not yet revised.
hypothesis, n. was last modified in July 2023.
Revision of the OED is a long-term project. Entries in oed.com which have not been revised may include:
- corrections and revisions to definitions, pronunciation, etymology, headwords, variant spellings, quotations, and dates;
- new senses, phrases, and quotations which have been added in subsequent print and online updates.
Revisions and additions of this kind were last incorporated into hypothesis, n. in July 2023.
Earlier versions of this entry were published in:
OED First Edition (1899)
- Find out more
OED Second Edition (1989)
- View hypothesis in OED Second Edition
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Citation details
Factsheet for hypothesis, n., browse entry.
- 1.1 Etymology
- 1.2 Pronunciation
- 1.3.1 Synonyms
- 1.3.2 Derived terms
- 1.3.3 Translations
- 2.1 Etymology
- 2.2 Pronunciation
- 2.3.1 Declension
English [ edit ]
Etymology [ edit ].
Recorded since 1596, from Middle French hypothese , from Late Latin hypothesis , from Ancient Greek ὑπόθεσις ( hupóthesis , “ base, basis of an argument, supposition ” , literally “ a placing under ” ) , itself from ὑποτίθημι ( hupotíthēmi , “ I set before, suggest ” ) , from ὑπό ( hupó , “ below ” ) + τίθημι ( títhēmi , “ I put, place ” ) .
Pronunciation [ edit ]
- ( UK ) IPA ( key ) : /haɪˈpɒθɪsɪs/ , /hɪˈpɒθɪsɪs/ , /həˈpɒθɪsɪs/ , /-əsəs/ , /-əsɪs/
- ( US ) IPA ( key ) : /haɪˈpɑː.θə.sɪs/
Noun [ edit ]
hypothesis ( plural hypotheses )
- 2001 September 27, Terrie E. Moffitt, Avshalom Caspi, Michael Rutter, Phil A. Silva, Sex Differences in Antisocial Behaviour: Conduct Disorder, Delinquency, and Violence in the Dunedin Longitudinal Study [1] , Cambridge University Press , →ISBN , page 151 : This hypothesis goes by many names, including group resistence, the threshold effect, and the gender paradox. Because the hypothesis holds such wide appeal, it is worth revisiting the logic behind it. The hypothesis is built on the factual observation that fewer females than males act antisocially.
- 2005 , Ronald H. Pine, http://www.csicop.org/specialarticles/show/intelligent_design_or_no_model_creationism , 15 October 2005: Far too many of us have been taught in school that a scientist, in the course of trying to figure something out, will first come up with a " hypothesis " (a guess or surmise—not necessarily even an "educated" guess). ... [But t]he word " hypothesis " should be used, in science, exclusively for a reasoned, sensible, knowledge-informed explanation for why some phenomenon exists or occurs. An hypothesis can be as yet untested; can have already been tested; may have been falsified; may have not yet been falsified, although tested; or may have been tested in a myriad of ways countless times without being falsified; and it may come to be universally accepted by the scientific community. An understanding of the word " hypothesis ," as used in science, requires a grasp of the principles underlying Occam's Razor and Karl Popper's thought in regard to " falsifiability "—including the notion that any respectable scientific hypothesis must, in principle, be "capable of" being proven wrong (if it should, in fact, just happen to be wrong), but none can ever be proved to be true. One aspect of a proper understanding of the word " hypothesis ," as used in science, is that only a vanishingly small percentage of hypotheses could ever potentially become a theory.
- ( general ) An assumption taken to be true for the purpose of argument or investigation .
- ( grammar ) The antecedent of a conditional statement .
Synonyms [ edit ]
- supposition
- educated guess
- See also Thesaurus:supposition
Derived terms [ edit ]
- alternative hypothesis
- aquatic ape hypothesis
- Avogadro's hypothesis
- conspiracy hypothesis
- continuum hypothesis
- cosmic censorship hypothesis
- documentary hypothesis
- efficient market hypothesis
- ergodic hypothesis
- expectations hypothesis
- Fisher hypothesis
- Gaia hypothesis
- generalized continuum hypothesis
- God hypothesis
- Griesbach hypothesis
- hypothesize
- hypothetical
- hypothetically
- interface hypothesis
- just-world hypothesis
- level-ordering hypothesis
- mafia hypothesis
- Medea hypothesis
- Monro-Kellie hypothesis
- null hypothesis
- Omphalos hypothesis
- Out of India hypothesis
- ovulatory shift hypothesis
- permanent income hypothesis
- Prout's hypothesis
- Rare Earth hypothesis
- Red Queen hypothesis
- Riemann hypothesis
- Sapir-Whorf hypothesis
- Schinzel's hypothesis H
- sexy son hypothesis
- simulation hypothesis
- swoon hypothesis
- trickle-down hypothesis
- trickle down hypothesis
- Wellhausen's hypothesis
- working hypothesis
- zombie hypothesis
Translations [ edit ]
Latin [ edit ].
Borrowed from Ancient Greek ὑπόθεσις ( hupóthesis , “ hypothesis ” , noun ) .
- ( Classical ) IPA ( key ) : /hyˈpo.tʰe.sis/ , [hʏˈpɔt̪ʰɛs̠ɪs̠]
- ( modern Italianate Ecclesiastical ) IPA ( key ) : /iˈpo.te.sis/ , [iˈpɔːt̪es̬is]
hypothesis f ( genitive hypothesis or hypotheseōs or hypothesios ) ; third declension
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Declension [ edit ]
1 Found sometimes in Medieval and New Latin.
- There is also genitive plural hypotheseōn .
- The genitive singular is also spelled hypotheseωs and the genitive plural hypotheseωn .
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰeh₁-
- English terms borrowed from Middle French
- English terms derived from Middle French
- English terms derived from Late Latin
- English terms derived from Ancient Greek
- English 4-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio links
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English nouns with irregular plurals
- en:Sciences
- English terms with quotations
- Latin terms borrowed from Ancient Greek
- Latin terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Latin 4-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
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- Latin feminine nouns in the third declension
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hypothesize
Definition of hypothesize
intransitive verb
transitive verb
- hypothecate
Examples of hypothesize in a Sentence
These examples are programmatically compiled from various online sources to illustrate current usage of the word 'hypothesize.' Any opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback about these examples.
Word History
1738, in the meaning defined at intransitive sense
Dictionary Entries Near hypothesize
hypothetical
Cite this Entry
“Hypothesize.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary , Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/hypothesize. Accessed 16 May. 2024.
Kids Definition
Kids definition of hypothesize, more from merriam-webster on hypothesize.
Britannica English: Translation of hypothesize for Arabic Speakers
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Open Education Sociology Dictionary
Table of Contents
Definition of Hypothesis
( noun ) A proposed and testable explanation between two or more variables that predicts an outcome or explains a phenomenon.
Examples of Hypothesis
- Note : The variables are the students, the time spent studying, and the test grades. To test the hypothesis, collect information from each student about how much time they spent studying prior to the test and compare that to the the testing outcomes.
- Sapir-Whorf hypothesis
Types of Hypothesis
- asymmetry hypothesis
- null hypothesis
- substantive hypothesis
Hypothesis Pronunciation
Pronunciation Usage Guide
Syllabification : hy·poth·e·sis
Audio Pronunciation
Phonetic Spelling
- American English – /hie-pAHth-uh-suhs/
- British English – /hie-pOth-i-sis/
International Phonetic Alphabet
- American English – /haɪˈpɑθəsəs/
- British English – /hʌɪˈpɒθᵻsᵻs/
Usage Notes
- Plural: hypotheses
- A hypothesis must have the capacity to be disconfirmed or proven false to have meaning. For example, “criminals” commit more crimes than “non-criminals” cannot be proven wrong.
- A hypothesis can either come from theory ( deduction ) or lead to theory ( induction ).
- A working hypothesis refers to a hypothesis that has not been thoroughly tested and verified.
- Hypothesis testing is the process of testing a hypothesis in a scientific manner that requires a link between the concepts or variables under investigation and rigorous testing methodology .
- An ( noun ) hypothesist ( verb ) hypothesizes ( adverb ) hypothetically about social issues to create an ( adjective ) hypothetical explanation.
Related Videos
Additional Information
- Quantitative Research Resources – Books, Journals, and Helpful Links
- Word origin of “hypothesis” – Online Etymology Dictionary: etymonline.com
- Gauch, Hugh G., Jr. 2003. Scientific Method in Practice . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Lehmann, E. L., and Joseph P. Romano. 2010. Testing Statistical Hypotheses . 3rd ed. New York: Springer.
- Poletiek, Fenna. 2001. Hypothesis-testing Behaviour . Philadelphia: Psychology.
- Popper, Karl R. 1959. The Logic of Scientific Discovery . New York: Basic Books.
Related Terms
- correlation
- dependent variable
- hypothetico-deductive model
- independent variable
- inferential statistics
- statistical analysis
Contributor: C. E. Seaman
Works Consulted
Andersen, Margaret L., and Howard Francis Taylor. 2011. Sociology: The Essentials . 6th ed. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
Babbie, Earl. 2013. The Practice of Social Research . 13th ed. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
Bilton, Tony, Kevin Bonnett, Pip Jones, David Skinner, Michelle Stanworth, and Andrew Webster. 1996. Introductory Sociology . 3rd ed. London: Macmillan.
Branscombe, Nyla R., and Robert A. Baron. 2017. Social Psychology . 14th ed. Harlow, England: Pearson.
Brinkerhoff, David, Lynn White, Suzanne Ortega, and Rose Weitz. 2011. Essentials of Sociology . 8th ed. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
Brym, Robert J., and John Lie. 2007. Sociology: Your Compass for a New World . 3rd ed. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
Bryman, Alan. 2012. Social Research Methods . 4th ed. New York: Oxford University Press.
Burdess, Neil. 2010. Starting Statistics: A Short, Clear Guide . Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.
Cramer, Duncan, and Dennis Howitt. 2004. The SAGE Dictionary of Statistics: A Practical Resource for Students in the Social Sciences . Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.
Farlex. (N.d.) TheFreeDictionary.com: Dictionary, Encyclopedia and Thesaurus . Farlex. ( http://www.thefreedictionary.com/ ).
Ferrante, Joan. 2011a. Seeing Sociology: An Introduction . Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
Ferrante, Joan. 2011b. Sociology: A Global Perspective . 7th ed. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
Ferris, Kerry, and Jill Stein. 2010. The Real World: An Introduction to Sociology . 2nd ed. New York: Norton.
Fioramonti, Lorenzo. 2014. How Numbers Rule the World: The Use and Abuse of Statistics in Global Politics . London: Zed Books.
Griffiths, Heather, Nathan Keirns, Eric Strayer, Susan Cody-Rydzewski, Gail Scaramuzzo, Tommy Sadler, Sally Vyain, Jeff Bry, Faye Jones. 2016. Introduction to Sociology 2e . Houston, TX: OpenStax.
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Kimmel, Michael S., and Amy Aronson. 2012. Sociology Now . Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
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Macionis, John, and Kenneth Plummer. 2012. Sociology: A Global Introduction . 4th ed. Harlow, England: Pearson Education.
O’Leary, Zina. 2007. The Social Science Jargon Buster: The Key Terms You Need to Know . Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.
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Salkind, Neil J., ed. 2007. Encyclopedia of Measurement and Statistics . Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.
Schaefer, Richard. 2013. Sociology: A Brief Introduction . 10th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill.
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Stolley, Kathy S. 2005. The Basics of Sociology . Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
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Cite the Definition of Hypothesis
ASA – American Sociological Association (5th edition)
Seaman, C. E. 2015. “hypothesis.” In Open Education Sociology Dictionary , edited by Kenton Bell. Retrieved May 16, 2024 ( https://sociologydictionary.org/hypothesis/ ).
APA – American Psychological Association (6th edition)
Seaman, C. E. (2015). hypothesis. In K. Bell (Ed.), Open education sociology dictionary . Retrieved from https://sociologydictionary.org/hypothesis/
Chicago/Turabian: Author-Date – Chicago Manual of Style (16th edition)
Seaman, C. E. 2015. “hypothesis.” In Open Education Sociology Dictionary , edited by Kenton Bell. Accessed May 16, 2024. https://sociologydictionary.org/hypothesis/ .
MLA – Modern Language Association (7th edition)
Seaman, C. E. “hypothesis.” Open Education Sociology Dictionary . Ed. Kenton Bell. 2015. Web. 16 May. 2024. < https://sociologydictionary.org/hypothesis/ >.
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Definition of hypothesize verb from the Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary
hypothesize
- The causes can be hypothesized but not proved.
- We can only hypothesize that the cases we know about are typical.
- Let us try to hypothesize a particular market situation.
- There are particular problems that arise when hypothesizing about the origins of the universe.
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hypothesis: [noun] an assumption or concession made for the sake of argument. an interpretation of a practical situation or condition taken as the ground for action.
HYPOTHESIS definition: 1. an idea or explanation for something that is based on known facts but has not yet been proved…. Learn more.
a speculative hypothesis concerning the nature of matter; an interesting hypothesis about the development of language; Advances in genetics seem to confirm these hypotheses. His hypothesis about what dreams mean provoked a lot of debate. Research supports the hypothesis that language skills are centred in the left side of the brain.
HYPOTHESIS meaning: 1. an idea or explanation for something that is based on known facts but has not yet been proved…. Learn more.
Hypothesis definition: a proposition, or set of propositions, set forth as an explanation for the occurrence of some specified group of phenomena, either asserted merely as a provisional conjecture to guide investigation (working hypothesis ) or accepted as highly probable in the light of established facts.. See examples of HYPOTHESIS used in a sentence.
hypothesis: 1 n a tentative insight into the natural world; a concept that is not yet verified but that if true would explain certain facts or phenomena "a scientific hypothesis that survives experimental testing becomes a scientific theory" Synonyms: possibility , theory Types: show 17 types... hide 17 types... hypothetical a hypothetical ...
HYPOTHESIS definition: a suggested explanation for something that has not yet been proved to be true. Learn more.
3 meanings: 1. a suggested explanation for a group of facts or phenomena, either accepted as a basis for further verification.... Click for more definitions.
Britannica Dictionary definition of HYPOTHESIS. [count] : an idea or theory that is not proven but that leads to further study or discussion. Other chemists rejected his hypothesis. put forward a hypothesis = advance a hypothesis. Their hypothesis is that watching excessive amounts of television reduces a person's ability to concentrate. The ...
Hypothesis definition: An unproved theory, proposition, supposition, etc. tentatively accepted to explain certain facts or (working hypothesis) to provide a basis for further investigation, argument, etc. ... Other Word Forms of Hypothesis Noun Singular: hypothesis. Plural: ...
1 [countable] an idea or explanation of something that is based on a few known facts but that has not yet been proved to be true or correct synonym theory to formulate/confirm a hypothesis a hypothesis about the function of dreams There is little evidence to support these hypotheses. Topic Collocations Scientific Research theory. formulate/advance a theory/hypothesis
From Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English Related topics: Philosophy hypothesis hy‧poth‧e‧sis / haɪˈpɒθəsɪs $ -ˈpɑː-/ AWL noun (plural hypotheses /-siːz /) 1 [countable] RP IDEA an idea that is suggested as an explanation for something, but that has not yet been proved to be true SYN theory One hypothesis is that the ...
The earliest known use of the noun hypothesis is in the late 1500s. OED's earliest evidence for hypothesis is from 1596, in the writing of Earl of Essex. hypothesis is a borrowing from Greek. Etymons: Greek ὑπόθεσις. See etymology.
Noun [ edit] hypothesis (plural hypotheses) ( sciences) Used loosely, a tentative conjecture explaining an observation, phenomenon or scientific problem that can be tested by further observation, investigation and/or experimentation. As a scientific term of art, see the attached quotation. Compare to theory, and quotation given there.
Synonyms for HYPOTHESIS: theory, thesis, proposition, premise, assumption, suggestion, guess, supposition; Antonyms of HYPOTHESIS: fact, knowledge, assurance, certainty
The meaning of HYPOTHESIZE is to make a hypothesis. How to use hypothesize in a sentence.
Hypothesis definition: a proposition, or set of propositions, set forth as an explanation for the occurrence of some specified group of phenomena, either asserted merely as a provisional conjecture to guide investigation (working hypothesis ) or accepted as highly probable in the light of established facts. See examples of HYPOTHESIS used in a sentence.
Hypothesis testing is the process of testing a hypothesis in a scientific manner that requires a link between the concepts or variables under investigation and rigorous testing methodology. An ( noun) hypothesist ( verb) hypothesizes ( adverb) hypothetically about social issues to create an ( adjective) hypothetical explanation.
Hypothesis definition: . See examples of HYPOTHESIS used in a sentence.
hypothesize (something) | hypothesize that… to suggest a way of explaining something when you do not definitely know about it; to form a hypothesis The causes can be hypothesized but not proved. We can only hypothesize that the cases we know about are typical. Let us try to hypothesize a particular market situation.
HYPOTHESIS meaning: a suggested explanation for something that has not yet been proved to be true. Learn more.
Definition of hypothesis. Best online English dictionaries for children, with kid-friendly definitions, integrated thesaurus for kids, images, and animations. ... noun: inflections: hypotheses: definition: a prediction or educated guess that can be tested and can be used to guide further study.
HYPOTHESIS - Synonyms, related words and examples | Cambridge English Thesaurus