jane austen mini biography

Jane Austen

(1775-1817)

Who Was Jane Austen?

While not widely known in her own time, Jane Austen's comic novels of love among the landed gentry gained popularity after 1869, and her reputation skyrocketed in the 20th century. Her novels, including Pride and Prejudice and Sense and Sensibility , are considered literary classics, bridging the gap between romance and realism.

The seventh child and second daughter of Cassandra and George Austen, Jane Austen was born on December 16, 1775, in Steventon, Hampshire, England. Austen's parents were well-respected community members. Her father served as the Oxford-educated rector for a nearby Anglican parish. The family was close and the children grew up in an environment that stressed learning and creative thinking. When Austen was young, she and her siblings were encouraged to read from their father's extensive library. The children also authored and put on plays and charades.

Over the span of her life, Austen would become especially close to her father and older sister, Cassandra. Indeed, she and Cassandra would one day collaborate on a published work.

To acquire a more formal education, Austen and Cassandra were sent to boarding schools during Austen's pre-adolescence. During this time, Austen and her sister caught typhus, with Austen nearly succumbing to the illness. After a short period of formal education cut short by financial constraints, they returned home and lived with the family from that time forward.

Literary Works

Ever fascinated by the world of stories, Austen began to write in bound notebooks. In the 1790s, during her adolescence, she started to craft her own novels and wrote Love and Freindship [sic], a parody of romantic fiction organized as a series of love letters. Using that framework, she unveiled her wit and dislike of sensibility, or romantic hysteria, a distinct perspective that would eventually characterize much of her later writing. The next year she wrote The History of England... , a 34-page parody of historical writing that included illustrations drawn by Cassandra. These notebooks, encompassing the novels as well as short stories, poems and plays, are now referred to as Austen's Juvenilia .

Austen spent much of her early adulthood helping run the family home, playing piano, attending church, and socializing with neighbors. Her nights and weekends often involved cotillions, and as a result, she became an accomplished dancer. On other evenings, she would choose a novel from the shelf and read it aloud to her family, occasionally one she had written herself. She continued to write, developing her style in more ambitious works such as Lady Susan , another epistolary story about a manipulative woman who uses her sexuality, intelligence and charm to have her way with others. Austen also started to write some of her future major works, the first called Elinor and Marianne , another story told as a series of letters, which would eventually be published as Sense and Sensibility . She began drafts of First Impressions , which would later be published as Pride and Prejudice , and Susan , later published as Northanger Abbey by Jane's brother, Henry, following Austen's death.

In 1801, Austen moved to Bath with her father, mother and Cassandra. Then, in 1805, her father died after a short illness. As a result, the family was thrust into financial straits; the three women moved from place to place, skipping between the homes of various family members to rented flats. It was not until 1809 that they were able to settle into a stable living situation at Austen's brother Edward's cottage in Chawton.

Now in her 30s, Austen started to anonymously publish her works. In the period spanning 1811-16, she pseudonymously published Sense and Sensibility , Pride and Prejudice (a work she referred to as her "darling child," which also received critical acclaim), Mansfield Park and Emma .

In 1816, at the age of 41, Austen started to become ill with what some say might have been Addison's disease. She made impressive efforts to continue working at a normal pace, editing older works as well as starting a new novel called The Brothers , which would be published after her death as Sanditon . Another novel, Persuasion , would also be published posthumously. At some point, Austen's condition deteriorated to such a degree that she ceased writing. She died on July 18, 1817, in Winchester, Hampshire, England.

While Austen received some accolades for her works while still alive, with her first three novels garnering critical attention and increasing financial reward, it was not until after her death that her brother Henry revealed to the public that she was an author.

Today, Austen is considered one of the greatest writers in English history, both by academics and the general public. In 2002, as part of a BBC poll, the British public voted her No. 70 on a list of "100 Most Famous Britons of All Time." Austen's transformation from little-known to internationally renowned author began in the 1920s, when scholars began to recognize her works as masterpieces, thus increasing her general popularity. The Janeites, a Jane Austen fan club, eventually began to take on wider significance, similar to the Trekkie phenomenon that characterizes fans of the Star Trek franchise. The popularity of her work is also evident in the many film and TV adaptations of Emma , Mansfield Park , Pride and Prejudice , and Sense and Sensibility , as well as the TV series and film Clueless , which was based on Emma .

Austen was in the worldwide news in 2007, when author David Lassman submitted to several publishing houses a few of her manuscripts with slight revisions under a different name, and they were routinely rejected. He chronicled the experience in an article titled "Rejecting Jane," a fitting tribute to an author who could appreciate humor and wit.

QUICK FACTS

• Name: Jane Austen
• Birth Year: 1775
• Birth date: December 16, 1775
• Birth City: Steventon, Hampshire, England
• Birth Country: United Kingdom
• Gender: Female
• Best Known For: Jane Austen was a Georgian era author, best known for her social commentary in novels including 'Sense and Sensibility,' 'Pride and Prejudice' and 'Emma.'
• Fiction and Poetry
• Astrological Sign: Sagittarius
• Death Year: 1817
• Death date: July 18, 1817
• Death City: Winchester, Hampshire, England
• Death Country: United Kingdom

CITATION INFORMATION

• Article Title: Jane Austen Biography
• Author: Biography.com Editors
• Website Name: The Biography.com website
• Url: https://www.biography.com/writer/jane-austen
• Access Date:
• Publisher: A&E; Television Networks
• Last Updated: May 6, 2021
• Original Published Date: April 3, 2014
• The person, be it gentleman or lady, who has not pleasure in a good novel, must be intolerably stupid.
• I do not want people to be very agreeable, as it saves me the trouble of liking them a great deal.
• There is nothing like staying at home for real comfort.

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Jane Austen: A brief biography

Jane Austen was born at the Rectory in Steventon , a village in north-east Hampshire, on 16th December 1775.

She was the seventh child and second daughter of the rector, the Revd George Austen, and his wife Cassandra (née Leigh). Of her brothers, two were clergymen, one inherited rich estates in Kent and Hampshire from a distant cousin and the two youngest became Admirals in the Royal Navy; her only sister, like Jane herself, never married.

Steventon Rectory was Jane Austen’s home for the first 25 years of her life. From here she travelled to Kent to stay with her brother Edward in his mansion at Godmersham Park near Canterbury, and she also had some shorter holidays in Bath , where her aunt and uncle lived. During the 1790s she wrote the first drafts of Sense and Sensibility, Pride and Prejudice, and Northanger Abbey; her trips to Kent and Bath gave her the local colour for the settings of these last two books.

In 1801 the Revd George Austen retired, and he and his wife, with their two daughters Jane and Cassandra, left Steventon and settled in Bath.

The Austens rented No. 4 Sydney Place from 1801-1804, and then stayed for a few months at No. 3 Green Park Buildings East, where Mr. Austen died in 1805. While the Austens were based in Bath, they went on holidays to seaside resorts in the West Country, including Lyme Regis in Dorset – this gave Jane the background for Persuasion.

Jane fell ill in 1816 – possibly with Addison’s Disease – and in the summer of 1817 her family took her to Winchester for medical treatment. However, the doctor could do nothing for her, and she died peacefully on 18th July 1817 at their lodgings in No. 8 College Street. She was buried a few days later in the north aisle of Winchester Cathedral.

Jane’s novels reflect the world of the English country gentry of the period, as she herself had experienced it. Due to the timeless appeal of her amusing plots, and the wit and irony of her style, her works have never been out of print since they were first published, and are frequently adapted for stage, screen and television. Jane Austen is now one of the best-known and best-loved authors in the English-speaking world.

Austen, Jane

Jane Austen was born on 16th December 1775 in the village of Steventon, near Basingstoke, Hampshire. Her father was a clergyman and served as the rector for the local Anglican parishes, and further enriched the family’s earnings through farming and tutoring a small number of pupils who, during their schooling, boarded at the Austen residence. Both of Jane’s parents were members of gentry families and, although they could by no means be considered wealthy, neither were they poverty-stricken and thus held their position and status fairly comfortably among the middle class. For the most part, Jane was educated at home by her father and elder brothers who actively encouraged her reading and writing from a young age. The family had a large library which no doubt proved a great source of inspiration to Jane’s literary imagination.

Jane and her sister Cassandra were educated mainly at home, and Jane’s relationship with her sister was possibly the closest and strongest that she would hold in life. Much of Austen’s writing explores the connection between sisters. As Austen grew up she continued to live at home and employed herself in activities typical to a woman of her age and class: assisting her mother with the supervision of servants, practising the pianoforte, and visiting neighbours and relatives.

Much of Austen’s life was spent at her family home in a sphere of appreciation for education and learning, so it is not surprising to learn that, from a young age, Austen began to compose various stories, novels and plays for her family’s entertainment. These early writings have since become known as ‘Juvenilia’ and it is in these that we catch the first glimpses of the biting social commentary and aristocratic observations that she would later become famed for.

When her father retired from the ministry in 1801, Jane moved with her family to Bath, but, when her father died in 1805, the family was left to rely heavily on her brother Edward for financial support, and so in 1809 Jane moved to Chawton with her mother and sister to reside in a small house offered to them on one of Edward’s estates. It was here that she had the majority of literary success, writing four of her greatest works Sense and Sensibility  (1811), Pride and Prejudice  (1813), Mansfield Park  (1814) and Emma  (1815). With the help of her brother Henry, her first novel was accepted to be published with publisher Thomas Egerton. However it must be noted that until reaching relative success with Pride and Prejudice   Austen’s novels were published anonymously under a pen name, as writing was not considered a suitable female profession at the time. Jane Austen began to suffer from ill health, probably Addison’s disease, in 1816. She travelled to Winchester to receive treatment and died there on 18th July 1817 when she was only 42 years old.

Both Persuasion  and Northanger Abbey  were published posthumously by Henry following Jane’s death at the end of 1817 and, with these works, he included a biographical notice which, for the first time, identified Jane as the author of the novels. Together they earned over £500, more money then Austen ever saw in her lifetime.

Nearly became engaged to Tom Lefroy

Jane began writing Northanger Abbey

Jane and her family moved to Bath

Jane moved to chawton.

Sense and Sensibility was published

Pride and Prejudice was published

Mansfield park was published, emma was published, northanger abbey and persuasion were published posthumously.

Jane began writing Persuasion

Jane fell ill and her health deteriorated, jane austen died, the jane austen society was founded.

The 200th anniversary of Pride and Prejudice

About the Contributor

Samantha Cartmel

Samantha Cartmel is a long-serving teacher of both GCSE and A Level English.

Sharpen your students’ senses in the run-up to the AS Level Eduqas exams with this cohesive exam prep pack! Apply understanding and perfect exam technique with key revision activities, essay-building tasks, exam-style questions, mark schemes and model answers – all specifically designed for the AS Level Eduqas Component 1 exam.

Ready-to-use, detailed study notes illuminating the profits and perils of persuasive speech in Jane Austen’s delicately written final finished work. Fantastically clear and comprehensive analysis allows students to reconcile the ‘marriage plot’ typical to Austen’s work alongside absorbing themes of responsibility, friendship and folly.

There are plenty of literary aspects to examine in Austen’s peerless novel of manners, and this wide-ranging resource allows students to explore them all. Special features include regular analysis of Austen’s use of humour, and summaries of literary devices in each chapter. The variety of tasks included and the differentiation advice make this creative and stimulating pack suitable for all.

One of Austen’s best-loved novels, Pride and Prejudice offers GCSE students an array of enchanting characters and a story full of intrigue and humour. Along with detailed analysis and student activities, features such as a contextual timeline, a ‘Why Read Austen?’ introduction, and commentary on narrative style make this resource an indispensable companion to the text.

Matchmaking, meddling and misguided – Austen worried that readers wouldn’t like her, but Emma Woodhouse’s impetuous decisions, determined matchmaking and eventual happy ending have delighted for generations. Ready-to-use, detailed study notes help students pick apart the comedic aspects of this surprisingly light-hearted coming-of-age story with detailed, comprehensive analysis.

Comprehensive notes interspersed with research links, practice essay questions, activities and discussion points. This guide has been written specifically for AQA B Lit Unit 3 and as such includes a wealth of information on linking Northanger Abbey with the Gothic genre.

Notes, activities and teaching ideas supporting the teacher to deliver imaginative lessons and helping students to read, understand and reflect on the novel.

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The Enduring Legacy of Jane Austen

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Long ago in a century far away, “Jane Austen” referred simply to “THE AUTHOR OF ‘PRIDE AND PREJUDICE,’ &c. &c.,” as the title page of Emma (1815) identified that novel’s anonymous writer. Today the name, repurposed as an adjective, usually signifies dressy, teasingly chaste, self-conscious period rom-coms that end in happy marriages while also, perhaps, suggesting female resentment and rage. Decades before The Jane Austen Book Club (2004) and Sense and Sensibility and Sea Monsters (2009), before Gwyneth Paltrow and Kate Beckinsale and Anya Taylor-Joy performed in rival film versions of Emma , “Jane Austen” was simply the name of a well-regarded dead English novelist—arguably, as Virginia Woolf put it, “the most perfect artist among women.” Not, in other words, a word for a style and a star. The meaning of even a proper name can alter over time.

On January 28, 2013, the 200th anniversary of the publication of Jane Austen ’s best-loved novel, Pride and Prejudice , fans of Elizabeth Bennet and her Mr. Darcy—and of Jane Austen herself—were poised to party in a yearlong celebration. The media, the academy, and local libraries and tea shops across the United States and England had been sponsoring Regency festivals and other Austen-themed events since at least 1995, when the BBC television miniseries adaptation of Pride and Prejudice initiated Austen’s spectacular postmodern celebrity.

Over the preceding 200 years, esteem for the novelist and her work had swelled several times into profitable popular vogues. Her nephew’s A Memoir of Jane Austen (1870) had whetted interest in her personally, and in the 1890s her six novels were republished— Pride and Prejudice most opulently—with charming caricatural illustrations by Hugh Thomson. In the 20th century, new fans discovered Austen through MGM’s Pride and Prejudice (1940), starring Laurence Olivier and Greer Garson . Starting in the 1990s, televised reruns of that film and new movies made for the big screen or television created huge audiences whose craving for all things Austen combined romantic adulation with a knowing familiarity, contempt, and even derision. Amy Heckerling’s Clueless (1995) transposed Emma ’s story to Hollywood with hardly a hint at its source. By 2020, viewers had taken it for granted that Shonda Rhimes ’s Regency extravaganza Bridgerton was riffing on Jane Austen.

Pride and Prejudice itself had become the toast of the London season in 1813 when Annabella Milbanke, the earnest and intelligent young woman soon to marry the poet Lord Byron , judged it “a very superior work,” the “most probable fiction” she had ever read. (She especially admired Mr. Darcy.) In print ever since, it has influenced the lives and language, as well as the dreams and aspirations, of generations of readers and writers. Arguably the first Austen sequel—it revises and refocuses the woman-centred courtship plot of her first novel to be published, Sense and Sensibility (1811)— Pride and Prejudice continues to generate versions and variations that keep the author’s name in the limelight.

In 2013 a mixed lot of books and films targeted the segment of the book-buying public sometimes referred to as “Janeiacs.” The Real Jane Austen: A Life in Small Things by the biographer Paula Byrne was published in that year, as was an unusual study by a political scientist, Michael Chwe, that portrayed Austen as a pioneer of game theory . Meanwhile, both earnest and self-mocking self-help books, fan fictions, parodies, and books about Austen fandom continued to glut the market.

Celebrations in 2013 included international scholarly conferences at the University of Cambridge and at Chawton House Library in Hampshire, England. Aficionados of costume, country dancing, and romance could attend an Austen summer camp in Connecticut; the yearly Jane Austen Festival in Bath, England; and festive gatherings in cities in the United States, Australia, and elsewhere.

Despite the heavy hand of Hollywood and Bollywood in whipping up the Jane Austen vogue, there was continued insistence on the novelist’s being still, in Rudyard Kipling ’s phrase, “England’s Jane.” In 2013 the U.K. issued six stamps illustrating the six novels (four had been issued in 1975 to celebrate the bicentennial of Jane Austen’s birth). That summer, a 12-foot (3.7-metre) statue of actor Colin Firth , the Mr. Darcy of the 1995 miniseries, rose from various bodies of water in Britain to promote Drama, a television channel. The fibreglass figure, according to a spokesman, represented more than that production’s most celebrated scene (a scene that Austen never wrote): “We’ve got a wet shirt on him, we’ve got sideburns. He’s portraying many of the Darcys that have appeared over the years in film and TV adaptations.” In a quieter move, Ed Vaizey, the British minister of culture, barred the export of a ring that had belonged to Austen, which the American singer Kelly Clarkson had bought at an auction in 2012 for £152,450 (about $237,000). Even the Bank of England contributed to the celebration of Pride and Prejudice ’s bicentennial, by choosing Austen to appear on its new £10 note, which was eventually released in 2017. The sketch of her on the bill provoked protests from the faithful, who argued that the likeness was a deliberately prettified portrait, that the big house depicted was not hers but her brother’s, and that the “Austen” maxim used on the bill—“I declare after all there is no enjoyment like reading”—quotes Caroline Bingley, a character in Pride and Prejudice who only pretends to enjoy reading. In 2022 the release of Netflix’s version of Persuasion would provoke a related kerfuffle, as people who casually confessed to never having read the novel argued online about the bibulous heroine’s fidelity to “Jane Austen.”

Since 1995 “Jane Austen” has been—in addition to a “classic” writer’s name—a commercially successful brand and a contested signifier, widely understood to mean upper-class English attitudes and values, “high” culture and rich connections and English literature, and nostalgia for a prettier, simpler, familiar world of country houses. Ironically, especially for people who have not read her novels, the Austen “brand” has also represented scorn as well as envy toward all of these things, as well as toward romance in tight trousers and extreme décolletage.

The story of dowerless Elizabeth Bennet (no beauty), who snags Mr. Darcy and his beautiful grounds at Pemberley, has merged over the years with the equally improbable story of the country parson’s spinster daughter who wrote six small novels about decorous virgins and—after dying poor and obscure—went on to become a household word. Narratives akin to Pride and Prejudice about poor but clever girls who get transformed into “something,” as Elizabeth puts it, are tales of wishes fulfilled, society turned on its head, and, in the end, virtue and love conquering all. By the middle of the 18th century, women such as Eliza Haywood , Charlotte Lennox , Frances Burney , and Maria Edgeworth were writing, among other things, heroine-centred romantic narratives that combined domestic comedy and social satire. Pride and Prejudice , when it appeared, was not new but merely superior—being written in “the best chosen language,” as the narrator of Northanger Abbey puts it. Early readers were delighted to recognize Elizabeth and Darcy and their embarrassing relatives as literary types and interesting individuals; moving in and out of the characters’ minds, the witty narrator of their story makes them probable, plausible (as people said), and realistic.

The Internet has changed the messaging around and about Jane Austen. Writing fan fiction for fun and profit has become a competitive sport, and Jane Austen and her characters—including a few from her unpublished writings—are at the centre of it.  According to user-generated lists on the book-recommendation website Goodreads, 174 “Jane Austen Variations” were published in 2017 and a whopping 270 in 2018. (The total dipped to a mere 162 in 2019 and then all but collapsed, to double-digit totals, during the first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic.)

William Dean Howells , the 19th-century American man of letters, claimed that he could feel the fresh winds of revolutionary democracy sweeping through the love story of Elizabeth Bennet, whose marriage forces the well-born Darcy to accept as his relatives not only her vulgar mother and sister Lydia but also Wickham, who was the son of Darcy’s father’s steward and had tried to seduce Darcy’s sister. If it is hard to do a political reading of Austen’s “light, and bright, and sparkling” second published novel, it is equally hard to read it as apolitical. It is, rather, at once conventional and revolutionary, romantic and anti-romantic, meta-Romantically—and delightfully—divided. The most profound moral message it conveys may be to avoid self-seriousness.

“For what do we live, but to make sport for our neighbours, and laugh at them in our turn?” feckless Mr. Bennet asks. If it is not the moral of the story, it is not a point to be dismissed. To submit to being laughed at by the neighbours and to anticipate laughing back is the basis for modern democratic comedy, as opposed to courtly comedy in which the jester trades places with the king. Toward the end of her story, Elizabeth reflects that Darcy “had yet to learn to be laught at”; we, the readers, understand that, under her tutelage, he will learn that. We also learn to laugh a little at Darcy ourselves. Austen’s irony attracts us still, but her balance and poise often elude imitators—driving some people to the grotesque excesses of sweetening her stories into banality or scrawling virtual graffiti on her image. Today it’s sometimes hard to say exactly what is being laughed at, and why, in the various Jane Austen “variations.” Autumn de Wilde’s first feature film, Emma. (the auteur put the period in her title), made her a star, like Jane Austen: she was one of nine film directors invited to imagine period rooms in the Metropolitan Museum of Art’s American Wing as part of the Costume Institute’s spring 2022 exhibition. In one of her dressy tableaux, a rat runs up a dandy’s extended leg.

More than two centuries after Pride and Prejudice was published, Jane Austen speaks to a culture that is still hungry for stories about young women who are smarter than they (according to the people around them) should be. Issues around reproductive rights have replaced what was once called, during the 19th century, The Woman Question, but questions of power—and gender too—remain. People are ambivalent today about both love and literature; we are nostalgic for tradition and also disdainful of it. Meanwhile, Austen’s novels remain more readable than most of the stories written by her predecessors, contemporaries, and even her snappiest imitators. Informed by a rich tradition of plays, novels, satires, and romances, her genius is still legibly extraordinary in her novels. It would be a pity if the Jane Austen vogue persuaded young people to imagine (or pretend) they have already read them. 

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JANE AUSTEN'S FILMOGRAPHY

1. Sense & Sensibility

2. Sense and Sensibility

3. Sense and Sensibility

4. Pride and Prejudice

5. Pride & Prejudice

6. Bride & Prejudice

7. Pride and Prejudice

8. Pride and Prejudice

9. Pride and Prejudice

10. Pride and Prejudice

11. Mansfield Park

12. Mansfield Park

13. Mansfield Park

14. Emma Approved

19. Northanger Abbey

20. Persuasion

21. Persuasion

22. Persuasion

23. Austenland

24. Miss Austen Regrets

25. Becoming Jane

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Jane Austen Timeline

Life and times, stepping through the life of jane austen offers the reader a unique look at the woman behind the books, her life showcasing as many trials as one of own characters..

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A Timeline of Jane Austen’s Life and Works

16 December 1775 Jane Austen is born at Steventon Rectory, in Hampshire. She is the daughter of Rev. and Mrs Austen, and the seventh of eight children. She has six brothers and a sister.

1783 – 1786 Jane goes to school in Oxford, Southampton and Reading with her sister Cassandra; in 1783 she falls ill with typhus fever and nearly dies.

1787 – 1794 Jane writes her teenage writings, including Love and Friendship (1790), Lesley Castle (1792) and Lady Susan (1794).

1795 Jane writes Elinor and Marianne , an early version of Sense and Sensibility

Dec 1795 – Jan 1796 Tom Lefroy, a young lawyer, visits his relatives in Ashe, near Steventon. Jane and Tom dance and flirt.

1796 – 1797 Jane writes First Impressions (later revised and published as Pride and Prejudice ). Her father offers it to a publisher but it is rejected.

1798 – 1799 Jane writes Susan (later published as Northanger Abbey ).

1801 On Rev. Austen’s retirement, Jane and her father, mother and Cassandra leave Steventon and move to lodgings in Bath.

2 December 1802 Jane accepts an offer of marriage from Harris Bigg-Wither, the rich brother of her friends, but the next day she changes her mind and declines the proposal.

1803 Acting on her brother Henry’s instructions, Susan is sold by his lawyer William Seymour, to a publisher for £10, but not published.

c.1804 Jane begins writing The Watsons but does not finish it.

21 January 1805 Rev. Austen dies suddenly and is buried in Bath. Jane and Cassandra, with their mother, are left poor and dependent on their brothers for support.

1806 Jane and Cassandra, with their mother and friend Martha Lloyd, move to Southampton to live with their brother Frank and his wife.

7 July 1809 Jane and Cassandra move to Chawton with their mother and Martha Lloyd. Chawton Cottage is offered to them, rent-free, by their elder brother Edward, who inherited estates in Chawton, Steventon (Hampshire) and Godmersham (Kent) from rich relatives.

1811 Sense and Sensibility is published. Jane’s name does not appear on the book – instead it says ‘by a Lady’.

1813 Pride and Prejudice is published, ‘by the author of Sense and Sensibility ’.

1814 Mansfield Park is published. Jane begins writing Emma .

1816 Emma is published (December 1815); Jane dedicates it to the Prince Regent.

1816 Jane’s brother Henry succeeds in buying back the unpublished manuscript of Susan for £10.

1815 – 1816 Jane writes The Elliots (later published as Persuasion ). In 1816 she becomes ill but continues to write.

January 1817 Jane begins The Brothers (later published as Sanditon ), but she only completes the first twelve chapters.

April 1817 Jane’s illness confines her to bed. On 27 April she writes a short will, leaving nearly everything to her ‘dearest Sister Cassandra’.

24 May 1817 Jane leaves Chawton and moves with Cassandra to Winchester, for medical treatment.

18 July 1817 Jane dies at her lodgings in Winchester, aged 41 years old. On 24 July she is buried in Winchester Cathedral.

December 1817 Northanger Abbey and Persuasion are published. For the first time, Jane Austen is identified as the author.

1869 Jane’s first biography, A Memoir of Jane Austen , written by her nephew James Edward Austen-Leigh, is published.

1925 Sanditon is published under the title Fragment of a Novel .

1949 Jane Austen’s House opens to the public.

• return to 'About Jane Austen'

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Español NEW Jane Austen facts for kids (c. 1810) Born (1775-12-16)16 December 1775 Steventon Rectory, , Died 18 July 1817(1817-07-18) (aged 41) , Hampshire, England Resting place , Hampshire, England Period 1787 to 1809–11 Genre Romance Signature Jane Austen (16 December 1775 – 18 July 1817) was an English novelist . She wrote many books of romantic fiction about the gentry . Her works made her one of the most famous and beloved writers in English literature . She is one of the great masters of the English novel. Austen's works criticized sentimental novels in the late 18th century, and are part of the change to nineteenth-century realism . She wrote about typical people in everyday life. This gave the English novel its first distinctly modern character. Austen's stories are often comic , but they also show how women depended on marriage for social standing and economic security. Her works are also about moral problems. Jane Austen was born on 16 December 1775 at Steventon, near Basingstoke . Educated mostly by her father and older brothers, and also by her own reading , she lived with her family at Steventon. They moved to Bath when her father retired in 1801. After he died in 1805, she moved around with her mother. In 1809, they settled in Chawton , near Alton, Hampshire . In May 1817 she moved to Winchester to be near her doctor . She died there on 18 July 1817. Jane Austen was very modest about her own genius . She once famously described her work as "the little bit (two Inches wide) of Ivory , on which I work with so fine a brush , as produces little effect after much labor ". When she was a girl she wrote stories. Her works were printed only after much revision . Only four of her novels were printed while she was alive. They were Sense and Sensibility (1811), Pride and Prejudice (1813), Mansfield Park (1814) and Emma (1815). Two other novels, Northanger Abbey and Persuasion , were printed in 1817 with a biographical notice by her brother, Henry Austen. Persuasion was written shortly before her death. She also wrote two earlier works, Lady Susan , and an unfinished novel, The Watsons . She had been working on a new novel, Sanditon , but she died before she could finish it. She is now a well known great writer. Early life and education Early writings, related pages, images for kids. Biographical facts about Jane Austen are "famously scarce" (few). Only a few letters remain (it is estimated that only 160 out of Austen's 3,000 letters survive). Her sister Cassandra (to whom most of the letters were written) burned "the greater part" of the ones she kept. The letters she did not destroy she censored . Other letters were destroyed by the heirs of Admiral Francis Austen, Jane's brother. Most of the biographies written about her for 50 years after she died was by her relatives, who often described her as "good quiet Aunt Jane". Scholars have not been able to find much information after that. Austen's parents, George Austen (1731–1805), and his wife, Cassandra (1739–1827), were both part of the gentry . Cassandra was a part of the important Leigh family. George Austen, however, was of a lower class of society. He had first met Cassandra at Oxford, while she was meeting her uncle Theophilus. George and Cassandra married on 26 April 1764 at Walcot Church in Bath . Austen had a large family. She had six brothers—James (1765–1819), George (1766–1838), Edward (1767–1852), Henry Thomas (1771–1850), Francis William (Frank) (1774–1865), Charles John (1779–1852)—and one sister, Cassandra Elizabeth (1773–1845), who died without marrying. Jane deeply loved Cassandra, and they were both best friends. Of her brothers, Austen was most close to Henry, who helped spread and influence her writing. "Oh, what a Henry!" she once wrote. George was almost ten years older than Jane. He suffered from fits and was not able to develop normally. His father wrote of him, "We have this comfort, he cannot be a bad or a wicked child". He may also have been deaf and mute. Jane knew sign language (she mentioned talking "with my fingers" in a letter) and could have communicated with him. Charles and Frank served in the navy . Edward was adopted by his fourth cousin, Thomas Knight. He became "Edward Knight" instead of Edward Austen in 1812. Austen was born on 16 December 1775 at Steventon rectory. She was christened at home and then, as the Book of Common Prayer directs, brought to church for the baptism to be certified in public on 5 April 1776. A few months after she was born, her mother hired a woman named Elizabeth Littlewood to nurse her. Littlewood took care of Austen for about a year. According to family tradition , Jane and Cassandra were sent to Oxford to be educated by Mrs. Ann Crawley in 1783. They moved with her to Southampton later in the year. Both girls caught typhus and Jane almost died. After that, Austen was educated at home until she went to boarding school with Cassandra early in 1785. She learned some French , spelling , needlework , dancing , music , and probably drama . In the winter of 1786, Jane and Cassandra went back home. Austen also learned much by reading books. Her father and brothers helped choose the books she read. George Austen seemed to have let his daughters read the books in his large library freely. He also allowed Austen's experiments in writing, and gave her costly paper and other writing materials. Jane Austen and her family also enjoyed acting out plays privately. Most of the plays were comedies . This might have been a way for Austen's comedic and satirical talents to develop. Perhaps from as early as 1787, Austen began writing poems , short stories, and plays for fun. Austen later put together "fair copies" of 29 of these early works into three notebooks. They are now called the Juvenilia . It has pieces which were first written down between 1787 and 1793. Jane Austen had arranged her writing during this time into three volumes, namely Volume the First , Volume the Second and Volume the Third . There is some proof that Austen continued to work on these pieces later in life. Her nephew and niece, James Edward and Anna Austen, may have made further additions to her work in around 1814. In these works were included Love and Freindship [ sic ] which was completed in 1790 and Lesley Castle which was completed in 1792. In Love and Freindship , she laughed at popular sentimental novels. She also wrote The History of England , which had 13 watercolour pictures by her sister Cassandra inside it. Jane Austen started to feel increasingly unwell during 1816, which was the year when her novel 'Persuasion' was published. On 24 May 1817, she moved to Winchester in search for a cure to her illness. She died on 18 July 1817, aged 41. Although there is no conclusive evidence to prove the cause of her death, it seems likely that it was Addison's disease that killed her. She was buried in Winchester Cathedral on 24 July 1817. Reception history of Jane Austen Austen, Jane. Catharine and Other Writings . Ed. Margaret Anne Doody and Douglas Murray. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1993. ISBN : 0-19-282823-1. Austen, Jane. The History of England . Ed. David Starkey. Icon Books, HarperCollins Publishers, 2006. ISBN : 0-06-135195-4. Le Faye, Deirdre, ed. Jane Austen's Letters . Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995. ISBN : 0-19-283297-2. Biographies Austen, Henry Thomas. "Biographical Notice of the Author". Northanger Abbey and Persuasion . London: John Murray, 1817. Austen-Leigh, James Edward. A Memoir of Jane Austen . 1926. Ed. R. W. Chapman. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1967. Austen-Leigh, William and Richard Arthur Austen-Leigh. Jane Austen: Her Life and Letters, A Family Record . London: Smith, Elder & Co., 1913. Fergus, Jan. Jane Austen: A Literary Life . London: Macmillan, 1991. ISBN : 0-333-44701-8. Honan, Park. Jane Austen: A Life . New York: St. Martin's Press, 1987. ISBN : 0-312-01451-1. Le Faye, Deirdre. Jane Austen: A Family Record . Second Edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003. ISBN : 0-521-53417-8. Nokes, David. Jane Austen: A Life . Berkeley: University of California Press, 1998. ISBN : 0-520-21606-7. Tomalin, Claire. Jane Austen: A Life . New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1997. ISBN : 0-679-44628-1. Essay collections Alexander, Christine and Juliet McMaster, eds. The Child Writer from Austen to Woolf . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005. ISBN : 0-521-81293-3. Copeland, Edward and Juliet McMaster, eds. The Cambridge Companion to Jane Austen . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997. ISBN : 0-521-49867-8. Grey, J. David, ed. The Jane Austen Companion . New York: Macmillan, 1986. ISBN : 0025455400. Lynch, Deidre, ed. Janeites: Austen's Disciples and Devotees . Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2000. ISBN : 0-691-05005-8. Southam, B. C., ed. Jane Austen: The Critical Heritage, 1812–1870 . Vol. 1. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1968. ISBN : 0-7100-2942-X. Southam, B. C., ed. Jane Austen: The Critical Heritage, 1870–1940 . Vol. 2. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1987. ISBN : 0-7102-0189-3. Todd, Janet, ed. Jane Austen in Context . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005. ISBN : 0-521-82644-6. Watt, Ian, ed. Jane Austen: A Collection of Critical Essays . Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1963. ISBN : 9780130537515. Monographs and articles Armstrong, Nancy. Desire and Domestic Fiction . London: Oxford University Press, 1987. ISBN : 0-19-506160-8. Butler, Marilyn. Jane Austen and the War of Ideas . Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1975. ISBN : 0-19-812968-8. Byrne, Paula. Jane Austen and the Theatre. London and New York: Continuum, 2002. ISBN : 978-1-84725-047-6. Collins, Irene. Jane Austen and the Clergy . London: The Hambledon Press, 1994. ISBN : 1-85285-114-7. Devlin, D.D. Jane Austen and Education . London: Macmillan, 1975. ISBN : 0064916758. Duckworth, Alistair M. The Improvement of the Estate: A Study of Jane Austen's Novels . Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1971. ISBN : 0-8018-1269-0. Fergus, Jan. Jane Austen and the Didactic Novel . Totowa: Barnes & Noble, 1983. ISBN : 0-389-20228-2. Ferguson, Moira. " Mansfield Park , Slavery, Colonialism, and Gender". Oxford Literary Review 13 (1991): 118–39. Galperin, William. The Historical Austen . Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2003. ISBN : 0-8122-3687-4. Gay, Penny. Jane Austen and the Theatre . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002. ISBN : 0-521-65213-8. Gubar, Susan and Sandra Gilbert. The Madwoman in the Attic: the Woman Writer and the Nineteenth Century Literary Imagination . 1979. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1984. ISBN : 0-300-02596-3. Harding, D.W., "Regulated Hatred: An Aspect of the Work of Jane Austen". Jane Austen: A Collection of Critical Essays . Ed. Ian Watt. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1963. Jenkyns, Richard. A Fine Brush on Ivory: An Appreciation of Jane Austen . Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004. ISBN : 0199276617. Johnson, Claudia L. Jane Austen: Women, Politics and the Novel . Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1988. ISBN : 0-226-40139-1. Kirkham, Margaret. Jane Austen, Feminism and Fiction . Brighton: Harvester, 1983. ISBN : 0-7108-0468-7. Koppel, Gene. The Religious Dimension in Jane Austen's Novels . Ann Arbor, MI: UMI Research Press, 1988. Lascelles, Mary. Jane Austen and Her Art . Original publication 1939. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1966. Leavis, F.R. The Great Tradition: George Eliot, Henry James, Joseph Conrad . London: Chatto & Windus, 1960. Litz, A. Walton. Jane Austen: A Study of Her Development . New York: Oxford University Press, 1965. Lynch, Deidre. The Economy of Character . Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1998. ISBN : 0-226-49820-4. MacDonagh, Oliver. Jane Austen: Real and Imagined Worlds . New Haven: Yale University Press, 1991. ISBN : 0-300-05084-4. Miller, D. A. Jane Austen, or The Secret of Style . Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2003. ISBN : 0-691-12387-X. Mudrick, Marvin. Jane Austen: Irony as Defense and Discovery . Berkeley: University of California Press, 1952. Page, Norman. The Language of Jane Austen . Oxford: Blackwell, 1972. ISBN : 0-631-08280-8. Poovey, Mary. The Proper Lady and the Woman Writer: Ideology as Style in the Works of Mary Wollstonecraft, Mary Shelley, and Jane Austen . Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1984. ISBN : 0-226-67528-9. Raven, James. The Business of Books: Booksellers and the English Book Trade . New Haven: Yale University Press, 2007. ISBN : 0-300-12261-6. Said, Edward W. Culture and Imperialism . New York: Vintage Books, 1993. ISBN : 0-679-75054-1. Todd, Janet. The Cambridge Introduction to Jane Austen . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006. ISBN : 978-0-521-67469-0. Waldron, Mary. Jane Austen and the Fiction of Her Time . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999. ISBN : 0-521-00388-1. Wiltshire, John. Recreating Jane Austen . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001. ISBN : 0-521-00282-6. Wiltshire, John. Jane Austen and the Body: The Picture of Health . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992. ISBN : 0-521-41476-8. Online works Steventon Church, as depicted in A Memoir of Jane Austen Steventon rectory, as depicted in A Memoir of Jane Austen , was in a valley and surrounded by meadows. Thomas Langlois Lefroy, Lord Chief Justice of Ireland , by W. H. Mote (1855); in old age, Lefroy admitted that he had been in love with Austen: "It was boyish love." Austen's house, 4 Sydney Place, Bath, Somerset Austen was a regular visitor to her brother Edward's home, Godmersham Park in Kent , between 1798 and 1813. The house is regarded as an influence on her works. Watercolour of Jane Austen by her sister, Cassandra , 1804. Cottage in Chawton , Hampshire where Austen lived during her last eight years of life, now Jane Austen's House Museum First edition title page from Sense and Sensibility , Austen's first published novel (1811) 8 College Street in Winchester where Austen lived her last days and died. Austen commemoration on the wall of Poets' Corner in Westminster Abbey , London This page was last modified on 11 July 2024, at 16:11. Suggest an edit . The Novel Life of Jane Austen Shipping to the U.S. only. Please see our International FAQ for more information. Also available at Published By Black Dog & Leventhal Format Hardback Illustrated Books & Comics Biography & Memoir Family & Kids Number Of Pages 144 Publication Date 04/29/2025 ISBN 9780762489374 Dimensions 7 inches x 9 inches Sign up for our newsletter to get 15% off site-wide! Signing up for our newsletter means you agree to our Privacy Policy and Terms of Use . Follow Page-a-Day Information, customer support. 123 John Doe Street Your Town, YT 12345 Store Hours Sun: Closed Mon-Fri: 9:00 - 17:00 Sat: 10:00 - 13:00 What to expect at pickup Closing at 5pm Closing at 1pm 129 IMAGES Jane Austen Mini Book for Early Readers: Women's History Month JANE AUSTEN Digital Historical Stick Figure Biography (mini biographies) Book Review: "Persuasion" by Jane Austen Biography: Jane Austen Jane Austen: A Biography Jane Austen´s Biography COMMENTS Jane Austen Jane Austen (born December 16, 1775, Steventon, Hampshire, England—died July 18, 1817, Winchester, Hampshire) was an English writer who first gave the novel its distinctly modern character through her treatment of ordinary people in everyday life. She published four novels during her lifetime: Sense and Sensibility (1811), Pride and Prejudice (1813), Mansfield Park (1814), and Emma (1815). Jane Austen Biography Jane Austen Biography Life and Times of English Author Jane Austen. Jane Austen's life was relatively short but it nonetheless produced a lasting legacy including six major published works. ... Jane Austen came into the world on December 16th, 1775. Born to Reverend George Austen of the Steventon rectory and Cassandra Austen of the Leigh family. Jane Austen Jane Austen was a Georgian era author, best known for her social commentary in novels including 'Sense and Sensibility,' 'Pride and Prejudice' and 'Emma.' Search 2024 Olympians Jane Austen Jane Austen (/ ˈ ɒ s t ɪ n, ˈ ɔː s t ɪ n / OST-in, AW-stin; 16 December 1775 - 18 July 1817) was an English novelist known primarily for her six novels, which implicitly interpret, critique, and comment upon the British landed gentry at the end of the 18th century. Austen's plots often explore the dependence of women on marriage for the pursuit of favourable social standing and ... Jane Austen Mini Bio. Jane Austen was born on December 16th, 1775, to the local rector, Rev. George Austen (1731-1805), and Cassandra Leigh (1739-1827). She was the seventh of eight children. She had one older sister, Cassandra. In 1783 she went to Southampton to be taught by a relative, Mrs. Cawley, but was brought home due to a local outbreak of disease. Biography Jane Austen: A brief biography Jane Austen was born at the Rectory in Steventon, a village in north-east Hampshire, on 16th December 1775. She was the seventh child and second daughter of the rector, the Revd George Austen, and his wife Cassandra (née Leigh). Of her brothers, two were clergymen, one inherited rich estates in Jane Austen Brief overview of the life and times of English Author Jane Austen. Austen's legacy encompasses just 6 major works during her writing career. Detailed biography covering life, death, and major events inbetween. Complete list of Austen-related movies, miniseries', and TV shows. A life filled with hope and tragedy, love found and lost. Jane Austen: A Life A Memoir of Jane Austen, James Edward Austen Leigh. In 1809, Jane's elder brother Edward offered his mother and sisters a house on his Chawton estate, which he had inherited from wealthy relations, the Knights. The ladies moved to Chawton in July and together with Martha Lloyd they formed a stable and comfortable female household. Jane Austen Biography, Works, and Quotes Jane Austen Biography. Jane Austen was born in Steventon, England, in 1775. Her father, George Austen, was the rector of the local parish and taught her largely at home. The seventh of eight children, Austen lived with her parents for her entire life, first in Steventon and later in Bath, Southampton, and Chawton. BBC Read a biography about Jane Austen the 19th century novelist. Discover why her novels such as 'Persuasion' and 'Emma' are still well-loved today. Jane Austen Biography In 1809, Jane revised Sense and Sensibility and Pride and Prejudice. Probably with the encouragement and help of her brother Henry Austen, who lived in London, in 1811 she found a publisher for ... Austen, Jane Mini-Biography (brief outline of life, timeline and links to resources) for Austen, Jane Mini-Bio s powered by ... Jane Austen began to suffer from ill health, probably Addison's disease, in 1816. She travelled to Winchester to receive treatment and died there on 18th July 1817 when she was only 42 years old. The Enduring Legacy of Jane Austen Rachel M. Brownstein. Long ago in a century far away, "Jane Austen" referred simply to "THE AUTHOR OF 'PRIDE AND PREJUDICE,' &c. &c.," as the title page of Emma (1815) identified that novel's anonymous writer. Today the name, repurposed as an adjective, usually signifies dressy, teasingly chaste, self-conscious period. PDF Jane Austen: Biography Born in 1775 to George and Cassandra Austen in the English village of Steventon, Jane Austen grew up in a highly literate family. Austen's father was an Oxford-educated clergyman, and her mother was a humorous, aristocratic woman. Of Jane's six brothers, two were also educated at Oxford and two became admirals in the Royal Navy. (Her older ... Jane Austen Biography Formative Years. Born on December 16, 1775, Jane Austen was the seventh of eight children born to George and Cassandra Austen. The family lived in Steventon, a small Hampshire town in south-central England, where her father was a minister. The Austens were a loving, spirited family that read novels together from the local circulating library ... PDF Jane Austen A 1000 Word Mini Biography Jane Austen, Her Life and Letters: A Family Record William Austen-Leigh,Richard Arthur Austen-Leigh,2019-11-22 Jane Austen, Her Life and Letters is a biography by William Austen-Leigh. It details her infancy, teenage years, and adulthood; the daily intricacies of her life and the conditions in which she penned her novels. A Brief Guide to Jane ... A Guide to Jane Austen's Novels It was the first of her six published novels, four of which were published anonymously during her lifetime. Austen Connections: "Austen published just one novel-her first novel, Sense and ... JANE AUSTEN'S FILMOGRAPHY The best versions for the silver screen and television on the novels from Jane Austen and her biography. Menu. Movies. ... TV Mini Series. In England in the 1800s, sisters Eleanor and Marianne Dashwood try to find love and security. The two could not be more different: where Eleanor is calm and always behaves properly, Marianne is passionate ... Jane Austen Timeline 1782. The first theatrical presentation is performed by the Austen family in their home. Age 6. 1783. Jane and elder sister Cassandra leave for Mrs. Crawley's boarding school in Oxford for their formal education. The school is then moved to Southampton where Typhoid Fever breaks out. The girls are returned home. Age 7. Jane Austen : a biography : Jenkins, Elizabeth, 1905-2010 : Free Jane Austen : a biography by Jenkins, Elizabeth, 1905-2010. Publication date 1996 Topics Austen, Jane, 1775-1817, Novelists, English -- 19th century -- Biography Publisher London : Indigo Collection internetarchivebooks; printdisabled Contributor Internet Archive Language English Item Size A Timeline of Jane Austen's Life and Works Jane dies at her lodgings in Winchester, aged 41 years old. On 24 July she is buried in Winchester Cathedral. December 1817 Northanger Abbey and Persuasion are published. For the first time, Jane Austen is identified as the author. 1869 Jane's first biography, A Memoir of Jane Austen, written by her nephew James Edward Austen-Leigh, is ... Jane Austen Facts for Kids Jane Austen (16 December 1775 - 18 July 1817) was an English novelist. She wrote many books of romantic fiction about the gentry. Her works made her one of the most famous and beloved writers in English literature. She is one of the great masters of the English novel. Austen's works criticized sentimental novels in the late 18th century, and ... The Novel Life of Jane Austen The Novel Life of Jane Austen is a one-of-a-kind, impeccably researched, ecstatically drawn graphic biography of one of the world's most beloved literary icons. Combining deep scholarship and serious whimsy, The Novel Life of Jane Austen presents this literary icon as the starring character in her own graphic novel. Told in three parts (Budding ... What Jane Austen's characters read, and why it matters What Jane Austen's Characters Read (and Why) examines the ways Austen creates readers who have read some or all of the texts her characters have read and the experiences and expectations these model readers (i.e., the readers in the world outside her text) bring with them. Austen's model readers are not merely complicit with the narrator and the reading characters; they may also be resistant. essay homework paper phd project resume review study thesis