phd in 2 years usa

• AUG 29, 2024

40 Shortest Doctoral Programs Online in 2024

by Imed Bouchrika, Phd

Co-Founder and Chief Data Scientist

Doctoral programs typically last four to six years, including coursework and research. STEM programs can extend to over eight years, depending on factors like program structure, subject, institution, and full-time or part-time enrollment. However, some doctoral programs can be completed faster, ranging from one to four years or less. Additionally, online doctoral programs offer flexibility for working professionals, but choosing the right accredited program requires careful verification. In this article, we list accredited online doctoral programs to aid in making informed decisions for academic and career advancement.

What are the benefits of getting a short doctoral program?

• Professional doctorate programs prioritize the practical application of knowledge within your field rather than extensive research endeavors.
• Acquiring a doctoral degree can enhance your earning potential by 12% in comparison to individuals holding a bachelor's degree.
• Accelerated online doctoral programs provide convenience, flexibility, and rapid progress, meeting the requirements of employed professionals striving for swift career advancement.

Most Popular Short Doctoral Online Programs

Accelerated doctoral programs offer a compelling solution, allowing you to earn your doctorate on a schedule, maintain your professional momentum, and experience rigorous academics. If you're a working professional with a thirst for knowledge and a desire to elevate your career, an accelerated doctoral program might be the perfect fit.

1. Ph.D. in Counseling and Psychological Studies

This program is designed for individuals aiming to advance their expertise in mental health, counseling, and psychology. It covers advanced theories and practices in counseling, psychological assessment, and mental health intervention, preparing graduates for leadership roles in clinical and educational settings.

2. Doctorate in Educational Leadership and Management 

Focusing on developing leadership skills in educational settings, this program equips professionals with the knowledge to implement effective management strategies, improve educational systems, and lead institutions through change. Graduates often pursue roles as superintendents, educational consultants, or higher education administrators.

3. Online PhD Applied Behavior Analysis

This program trains students in applied behavior analysis principles and techniques, focusing on research and practical applications. Graduates are well-prepared for careers in clinical settings, educational environments, and research institutions, working with individuals with behavioral challenges.

4. Ph.D. in Counselor Education Supervision

This doctoral program prepares counselors for advanced practice, supervision, and academic roles. It includes coursework in counselor education, supervision techniques, and advanced clinical skills, positioning graduates for careers in higher education, clinical supervision, and private practice.

5. Online MSN to DNP Doctor of Nursing Practice

This program is tailored for nurses seeking to attain the highest level of nursing practice. It combines advanced clinical training with leadership and policy coursework, enabling graduates to influence healthcare delivery, policy, and improve patient outcomes.

6. Online PhD in Pharmaceutical Sciences

Focusing on advanced research in pharmaceutical sciences, this program prepares students for careers in academia, industry, and regulatory agencies. It covers drug development, pharmacology, and biotechnology, emphasizing research skills and scientific inquiry.

7. Online Doctorate in Social Work (DSW)

Designed for social work professionals, this program enhances clinical practice, leadership, and policy analysis skills. Graduates are equipped to take on advanced roles in social work practice, administration, and education, contributing to the field through leadership and innovation.

8. Online Doctorate in Cybersecurity

This program is designed for professionals seeking advanced knowledge in protecting digital infrastructures. Expect to study cybersecurity policy, advanced cryptography, risk management, and ethical hacking. Ideal for IT leaders and security specialists, graduates typically become Chief Information Security Officers (CISOs).

9. Online Doctorate in Organizational Leadership

Ideal for those looking to lead organizations through complex challenges, this program emphasizes leadership theory, strategic planning, and organizational change. Graduates often hold executive positions in corporations, non-profits, and government agencies, driving innovation and improvement.

10. Online Doctorate in Engineering

The program deepens expertise in advanced engineering concepts and research, preparing graduates for academia, research, or industry leadership roles. It focuses on areas like systems engineering or engineering management. This degree is ideal for experienced engineers aiming to advance their careers and tackle complex technical challenges.

What can I expect from a short doctoral program?

Fast-track online doctoral programs are emerging as one of the prominent online education trends. Similar to conventional online learning, they often face skepticism regarding their quality compared to traditional programs completed within the usual timeframe. 

However, recent advancements in teaching and learning methods are gradually dispelling this stigma. Accelerated online Ph.D. programs offer convenience, flexibility, and speed, catering to the needs of working professionals aiming to advance their careers swiftly. Additionally, scholarships and funding opportunities can make these programs accessible to students for free or at a reduced cost. 

Where can I work with a short doctoral program?

Earning a doctorate typically takes a long time, but there are ways to expedite the process. Professional doctorate programs, like D.B.A. or Ed.D., focus on applying knowledge in your field rather than extensive research. 

Additionally, some traditional Ph.D. programs offer accelerated tracks or online options that can shorten the program length while still maintaining academic rigor. By exploring these options, you can find a doctoral program that fits your timeline and career goals.

How much can I make with a short doctoral program?

On average, obtaining a doctoral degree can boost your earning potential by 12% compared to individuals with a bachelor's degree. The exact increase in earning potential with a doctoral degree depends on several factors, including:

• Field of Study. Some fields, like medicine, engineering, and certain business specializations, typically have higher earning potential for doctoral graduates compared to others like humanities or education.
• Experience. Combining your doctoral degree with relevant work experience can significantly boost your earning potential.
• Industry and Location. Job markets and salary ranges vary depending on the industry you enter and the geographic location you work in.

Table of Contents

List of the shortest online doctoral programs, how long does it take to complete the shortest online doctoral program, how do the shortest online doctoral programs compare to an on-campus program, what is the average cost of a short online doctoral program, what are the financial aid options for students enrolling in a short online doctoral program, what are the prerequisites for enrolling in a short online doctoral program, what courses are typically in a short online doctoral program, what types of specializations are available in short online doctoral programs, how to choose the best short online doctoral programs, what career paths are available for graduates of short online doctoral programs, what is the job market for graduates of short online doctoral programs, other things you should know about the shortest online doctoral programs, how do we rank schools.

At Research.com, we recognize the substantial financial commitment involved in obtaining a degree. Hence, we have devised university rankings to equip students with the necessary insights for informed decision-making. Our proficient team has crafted a thorough research approach to assess and rank universities providing short online doctoral programs. 

To ensure the utmost precision and credibility, we draw upon a range of reputable sources, including:

• The Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS) database
• Peterson's databases , including their Distance Learning Licensed Data Set
• The College Scorecard database
• National Center for Education Statistics (NCES)

One-Year Online Doctoral Programs

1. doctor of philosophy in counselor education and supervision.

This is among the quickest one-year online Ph.D. programs designed for professionals aiming to enhance their careers as academic counselors or counseling researchers. This advanced program includes higher-level clinical counseling practices, therapy, leadership, counseling supervision, teaching, and research.

• Program duration: 18+ months
• Universities that offer this program: Grand Canyon University, Capella University

2. Doctor of Nursing Practice

This nursing degree is a popular one-year doctoral program created for practicing nurse practitioners who wish to enhance their expertise in the field. Through this program, nurse practitioners will gain knowledge in advocating for evidence-based practices and develop a deeper understanding of complex healthcare, management, and decision-making.

• Universities that offer this program: Grand Canyon University, Capella University, Purdue Global University, Maryville University, University of Florida, Gwynedd Mercy University

3. Doctorate in Behavioral Health

This online doctoral program is tailored for clinical professionals who want to offer medical services aimed at enhancing individuals' overall well-being through behavioral changes. Participants will learn about the impact of mental health on the body and explore ways to help their clients improve through behavioral interventions, counseling, and other methods.

• Program duration: 12+ months
• Universities that offer this online program: Capella University, Freed-Hardeman University, Arizona State University

4. Doctor of Occupational Therapy

This program is also one of the fastest one-year online doctoral programs available. It is tailored for practicing occupational therapists seeking to advance their careers through leadership roles, teaching, and research. The curriculum focuses on critical evaluation of relevant theories and evidence, training students to identify and address gaps in current interventions to enhance occupational therapy programs.

• Universities that offer this program: Grand Canyon University, Boston University, Temple University

5. Doctorate Ethereal Degree in Grief Counseling

Another contender for the fastest online doctorate degree, this program aids counseling professionals in advancing their careers by providing further education in grief and bereavement. Earning this doctorate enhances counselors' reputations in the field and allows them to achieve higher credentials as educators, training others to professionally support individuals coping with intense negative emotions during difficult times.

• Program duration: 12 months
• Universities that offer this program: American International Theism University, Breyer State Theology University

6. Transitional Doctor of Physical Therapy

This degree is among the shortest Ph.D. programs, designed for practicing physical therapists seeking a one-year Ph.D. to qualify for administrative or managerial roles. The curriculum emphasizes policy analysis, critical evaluation of evidence-based practices, and comprehensive client management. Additionally, it aims to enhance critical thinking and leadership skills for independent practitioners.

• University that offers this program: College of St. Scholastica

Two-Year Online Doctoral Programs

1. online ph.d. in business management – project management.

An online Ph.D. in Business Management with a focus on Project Management concentrates on organizing and managing large-scale projects within companies. Students learn about planning, teamwork, and ensuring projects are completed on time and within budget. This degree develops advanced skills in leadership, problem-solving, and handling complex tasks, preparing graduates for high-level project management roles. Participants aim to become experts capable of successfully overseeing and completing significant projects for companies.

• Program duration: 24+ months
• Universities that offer this program: Capella University, Liberty University, National University, Trident University, Atlantic International University, Grand Canyon University, Colorado Technical University, Northcentral University

2. Online Ph.D. in General Psychology – Cognition and Instruction

This doctorate program equips students with the skills and knowledge to serve adult learning communities by exploring cognitive processes, learning, and mental development. It examines the influence of one's environment on cognitive growth, principles of cognitive processes, behavioral theories, and various applications of cognitive psychology.

• Universities that offer this program: Grand Canyon University

3. Ph.D. in Educational Psychology

This accelerated psychology doctorate is a non-clinical, non-licensure program designed to propel students' careers across multiple domains including teaching, research, and educational administration. Focused on traditional educational psychology theory alongside basic and applied research, this specialization prepares students for diverse professional pathways.

• University that offers this program: Walden University

Tailored for counseling professionals, this doctoral program aims to equip students with advanced skills in clinical mental health assessment, advocacy, leadership, and research. In an academic context, it prepares counseling professionals to offer guidance and mentorship to aspiring counselors.

• Universities that offer this program: Liberty University, Duquesne University

5. Online Ph.D. in Business Management – Accounting

The online Ph.D. in Business Management with a concentration in Accounting offers a unique opportunity for individuals to gain comprehensive knowledge in business management and financial operations. Participants delve into financial management, budgeting, and financial tracking for companies. Additionally, students conduct research to unearth new insights in accounting, aiding businesses in making informed decisions.

• Universities that offer this program: Liberty University, George Fox University

6. Online Ph.D. – Applied Behavior Analysis

Online doctoral programs in Applied Behavior Analysis explore the mechanisms of behavior and strategies for facilitating positive change. Students gain insight into the motivations behind human actions and learn to apply this understanding in educational, therapeutic, or organizational settings. This degree equips individuals with advanced techniques to assist those facing behavioral difficulties, with the goal of enhancing their quality of life and interpersonal connections.

• Program duration: 28+ months
• Universities that offer this program: Simmons University, Arizona State University, Capella University, Endicott College, University of Nevada-Reno, Chicago School of Professional Psychology

7. Doctorate in Social Work

Human services is a developing area dedicated to enhancing the well-being of marginalized individuals. At the doctoral level, it is part of the realm of two-year Ph.D. programs that emphasize clinical, administrative, and leadership dimensions of social work. Enrolling in this program enables students to tackle intricate social challenges impacting various communities.

• Program duration: 24-28 months
• Universities that offer this program: University of Southern California, Simmons University, Barry University

8. Executive Doctorate of Education in Educational Leadership

This Ed.D. program is tailored for working professionals seeking to progress in higher education teaching, school administration, policy analysis, and research. Participants engage in a learning atmosphere focused on fostering transformative executive-level leadership skills.

• Universities that offer this program: Gwynedd Mercy University

9. Doctorate Degree in Adult and Career Education

This Ed.D. specialization prioritizes delivering academic education, career counseling, and continuous learning opportunities to adult learners. Professionals selecting this concentration are introduced to a range of advanced elective and specialized courses.

• University that offers this program: University of Arkansas

10. Doctorate in Education in Organizational Change and Leadership

This Ed.D. program aims to prepare seasoned professionals for transformative leadership positions in diverse sectors. As a fast-paced online program, full-time students can anticipate a rigorous curriculum encompassing both foundational and advanced topics.

• Universities that offer this program: Baylor University, Walden University, U.S.C Rossier School of Education

11. Ph.D. in Counseling and Psychological Studies

Tailored for mental health professionals, including those pursuing an online Ph.D. in Psychology, this advanced degree provides students with diverse concentration choices. Options include addiction counseling, human services counseling, life coaching, marriage and family ministry, biblical counseling, and trauma and crisis counseling.

• University that offers this program: Regent University

12. Ph.D. in Worship Studies

This program is structured to assist worship leaders in readying themselves for diverse roles within music ministry, including positions such as music and worship instructor, worship coach, worship counselor, worship theologian, and worship professor.

• University that offers this program: Liberty University

13. Online Ph.D. in Business Management – Leadership

An online Ph.D. in Business Management with a focus on Leadership equips students with effective workplace leadership skills. The program covers team management, decision-making, and motivational strategies, teaching advanced skills in communication, problem-solving, and strategic thinking. Graduates are prepared for leadership roles across various industries, aiming to become influential leaders who can steer companies and teams towards success.

• Universities that offer this program: Capella University, Liberty University, Johnson University, National University, Wilmington University

14. Doctorate in Educational Leadership and Management

This Ed.D. program, one of the most affordable two-year online doctoral programs, is tailored for educators aiming to advance into administrative roles within educational systems. Students will learn about innovative and transformative leadership, applicable not only in academic institutions but also in nonprofit organizations, private corporations, and government agencies serving the educational community.

• Universities that offer this program: Grand Canyon University, Capella University, Vanderbilt University, Florida State University, Rowan University, Northeastern University

Three-Year Online Doctoral Programs

1. ph.d. in special education.

This doctoral program equips students with knowledge of diverse research methodologies and effective integration of research tools, vital for conducting studies aimed at enhancing practices, policies, and other facets of special education.

• Program duration: 36+ months
• University that offers this program: University of North Carolina-Extended Campus

2. D.B.A. in International Business

The Doctor of Business Administration in International Business is well-suited for students aspiring to careers in higher education teaching or seeking executive roles in corporate settings. Its curriculum prioritizes international studies, diplomacy, law, marketing and finance, and research, among other relevant areas.

• Universities that offer this program: Northcentral University, Southern New Hampshire University

3. Ph.D. in Criminal Justice – Homeland Security

This online doctoral program is tailored for students seeking a postgraduate degree providing advanced expertise in national and cybersecurity. Enrollees undergo intensive instruction and training covering topics such as counterterrorism strategies, counterintelligence methodologies, and vulnerability analysis, among others.

4. Ph.D. in Business for Executives

Similar to a doctoral program in organizational leadership, this Ph.D. program aims to equip students to excel as competitive organizational leaders and academic researchers. As a terminal degree, the Ph.D. in Business for Executives features a comprehensive research-oriented curriculum encompassing business theories, statistics, research design, business analytics, and organizational behavior.

• University that offers this program: Oklahoma State University

5. D.B.A. in Finance

This doctoral degree offers a fully online format, tailored for finance professionals aspiring to advance to managerial or executive roles. Within this program, students are poised to acquire expertise in financial leadership and core skills essential for success in their fields. These core skills encompass critical thinking, financial situation analysis, and exceptional decision-making abilities.

• Universities that offer this program: Liberty University, Walden University, City University

6. Doctor of Ministry

Geared toward seasoned Christian religious leaders, this doctoral program seeks to enhance their pastoral knowledge and skills to fortify their ministry. The curriculum of this program typically emphasizes both individual and group projects.

• Universities that offer this program: Liberty University, Dallas Theological Seminary, United Theological Seminary

7. Ph.D. in Theology and Apologetics

In contrast to a doctorate in Christian ministry, which centers primarily on pastoral roles and obligations, a doctorate in theology is centered on in-depth research and study of the Scriptures.

8. Ph.D. in Interdisciplinary Studies–Humanities and Culture

This specialization explores various disciplines within the humanities, including history, literature, socio-political philosophy, and religious studies, among others. At its essence, this doctoral program scrutinizes the contributions of these fields to cultural diversity and social justice through meticulous critical inquiry, analysis, and research.

• University that offers this program: Union Institute and University

9. Ph.D. in Communication

While typically spanning six years, there are online options that expedite completion to around three years, encompassing lectures, research, and dissertation requirements. As the pinnacle of academic achievement in this field, this program provides advanced coursework in media theory, media research methods, media law and policy, and research design.

• Program duration: 36 months
• University that offers this program: American University

10. Ph.D. in Public Policy

This doctoral program provides students with an enhanced comprehension of public policy and governance theories. The Ph.D. in Public Policy also equips them with the skills to conduct analytical and scholarly research and trains them in crafting policies aimed at enhancing the quality of life for diverse communities and social sectors.

11. Doctor of Education in Christian Leadership

This Ed.D. program integrates Christian faith principles with those of social science, leadership, and education. Coursework delves into the biblical and theological underpinnings of leadership, leadership character and ethics, and their application in academic environments, alongside topics such as change, power, and conflict within leadership contexts.

12. Ph.D. in Health Sciences

This doctoral degree targets healthcare administrators, specifically those in senior positions. Enrolling in this program allows students to enhance their research skills, covering advanced topics such as sophisticated research designs, biostatistics, and epidemiology, among others.

• Program duration: 38+ months
• University that offers this program: Nova Southeastern University

13. Ph.D. in Biomedical Engineering

This program readies students for significant roles in the research and advancement of medical devices and technology, spanning diagnostic, therapeutic, and surgical domains.

• University that offers this program: University of North Dakota

14. Ph.D. in English

This program is tailored for graduate students aiming to expand their prospects in various fields where proficiency in spoken and written English is essential. Career pathways for individuals with a doctorate in English include journalism and broadcasting, public relations, and teaching at the post-secondary level.

• University that offers this program: Texas A&M University

15. Ph.D. in Community College Policy and Administration

This program is designed for faculty members and school administrators who aspire to play pivotal roles in enhancing the quality of education and the overall environment at community colleges.

• University that offers this program: University of Maryland University College

Four-Year Online Doctoral Programs

1. ph.d. in nursing.

In addition to the Doctor of Nursing Practice (D.N.P.), the Doctor of Philosophy in Nursing represents the highest level of education for nurses. While the D.N.P. primarily emphasizes advanced clinical practices, the Ph.D. in Nursing is more centered on conducting scientific research studies aimed at enhancing nursing education and healthcare practices overall.

• Program duration: 48+ months
• Universities that offer this program: East Carolina University, Georgia State University

2. Ph.D. in General Psychology

Usually finished within six to eight years, this fast-tracked online Ph.D. program offers an extensive array of specializations such as business psychology, cognitive-behavioral psychology, and clinical psychology.

• University that offers this program: Grand Canyon University

3. Ph.D. in Industrial and Organizational Psychology

This program is a specialized branch of general psychology that centers on applying psychological theories and principles to research and analyze the structure and function of corporations and various organizational entities.

• University that offers this program: Keiser University

4. Ph.D. in Sports Leadership

This doctoral degree isn't geared toward sports enthusiasts but individuals driven to effect positive change within the sports industry. As a research-intensive program, the Ph.D. in Sports Leadership aims to furnish students with advanced expertise in research methodologies and cutting-edge technologies. This enables them to critically analyze various facets of the sports industry, including legal, health, and economic dimensions.

• University that offers this program: Concordia University-Chicago

5. Ph.D. in Classical Civilization

Geared towards community college and secondary school educators, this program focuses on Greek and Latin language and literature studies. In addition to studying classic literature extensively, students must also demonstrate proficiency in at least two modern languages (French, German, modern Greek, Italian, etc.). Completion of this program enables graduates to teach at universities and contribute to the institution's research endeavors in this field.

• University that offers this program: University of Florida

6. Ph.D. in Educational Administration

In contrast to the Ed.D. program, the Ph.D. in Educational Administration primes students for careers centered on research. Depending on the institution, the program may concentrate on administration within PK-12, higher education, or special education contexts.

7. Ph.D. in Technology Management

This doctoral program stands out as one of the less common options available. It is tailored for graduate students seeking career advancement in technology-based companies and organizations. Obtaining a doctoral degree in this field also enables graduates to pursue teaching positions in post-secondary institutions.

• University that offers this program: Bowling Green State University

8. Ph.D. in Aerospace Engineering and Mechanics

This online Ph.D. program targets seasoned engineers aspiring to leadership roles in aerospace engineering, engineering science, and mechanics. As a doctorate of philosophy, this degree is research-intensive, necessitating students to conduct an original research study that can advance their respective fields.

• University that offers this program: University of Alabama

9. Ph.D. in Systems Engineering

Systems engineering provides a comprehensive method for addressing intricate challenges across various industries. It involves creating systematic designs and integrating tools and methods such as risk analysis, control systems, and software engineering to tackle these issues effectively.

• Universities that offer this program: Colorado State University, Worcester Polytechnic Institute

10. Ph.D. in Forensic Psychology

This program integrates principles from criminal investigation and psychology, potentially involving coursework in clinical psychology and law and justice.

Here’s What Graduates Have to Say About Their Short Online Doctoral Degree

“Juggling a full-time job and a family with a doctoral program felt impossible. The online format was a lifesaver. I could set my own schedule, participate in discussions asynchronously, and still excel. Earning my Dr. Ed. online allowed me to pursue my passion for educational leadership without putting my life on hold.” - Sarah

“Stepping away from the traditional campus environment felt daunting at first. However, the online program fostered a surprisingly strong sense of community. The online forums and video conferencing allowed me to connect with classmates from across the country, bringing diverse perspectives to our research. My online Ph.D. in Literature opened doors to a national network of scholars I never expected.” - David

“The flexibility of online learning was key to my success. I could access lectures and course materials at any time, allowing me to fit in deep research dives around my busy work schedule. The online format also pushed me to become a stronger self-starter and time manager. Overall, my online doctoral program in Public Health was an empowering experience that equipped me with the skills and knowledge to truly make a difference.” - Aisha

Key Findings About the Shortest Online Doctoral Programs

• Online doctoral programs with the shortest duration typically span from two to four years for completion.
• The approximate total cost of tuition and fees for online doctoral programs falls within the range of $30,000 to $75,000 annually.
• Federal financial aid for online doctoral programs is generally limited, but alternative options include scholarships and grants tailored to doctoral students, assistantship opportunities, and employer tuition reimbursement programs.
• An online doctoral degree can lead to various career paths, including academia, research, industry and business roles such as leadership positions or consulting, and specialized fields like healthcare or education.
• Graduate-level occupations, typically requiring a master's, doctoral, or professional degree, are projected to have approximately 500,000 annual average openings from 2022 to 2032.

The shortest online doctoral programs typically take one to four years to complete. Here is a breakdown:

• Ph.D. programs (focused on research and original contribution to knowledge like affordable online Ph.D. in Organizational Leadership programs) usually take longer due to the dissertation requirement. There may be some exceptions, but expect a Ph.D. to take closer to three years or more for an online program.
• Professional doctorates (like Ed.D. in Education or online DBA programs ) are designed for working professionals and often have less coursework, potentially replacing the dissertation with a different culminating project. These can be completed in as little as two years in an accelerated online program.

There is not a widely standardized format in online doctoral degrees. However, these programs typically differ from traditional ones in terms of program structure and coursework:

Two-year online doctoral programs are accelerated options designed for highly motivated students with strong work ethics and time management skills. These programs are less common than three-year programs, but they do exist in certain fields, particularly for professional doctorates like Ed.D. in Education or D.B.A. in Business Administration.

Here is why two-year programs are possible:

• Focused Coursework. They may have a more streamlined curriculum compared to traditional programs, prioritizing core classes directly related to your field.
• Transfer Credits. Some programs allow you to transfer relevant credits from previous graduate degrees, reducing the overall coursework.
• Alternative Culminating Projects. These programs might replace the dissertation with a different final project, such as a capstone research paper or an applied project relevant to your profession.

Three-year online doctoral programs are the most common option for online doctoral degrees. They offer a balance between accelerated completion and in-depth study compared to two and four-year programs. Here is a breakdown of what to expect:

• Program Structure. These programs typically follow a similar structure to traditional on-campus programs but with online delivery methods for coursework.
• Coursework. You can expect a mix of core foundational courses, electives in your chosen specialization, and potentially seminars or research projects.
• Dissertation. Most three-year programs will still require a dissertation, though it might be shorter or have a more focused scope compared to traditional programs.
• Time Commitment. While demanding, the workload is generally manageable for students who can dedicate consistent effort alongside work or other responsibilities.

Four-Year Online Doctoral Programs 

Four-year online doctoral programs are designed for students pursuing degrees with a strong emphasis on research or requiring extensive practical experience. These programs are less common than three-year options, but they cater to specific needs:

• Heavy Research Component. Fields like Ph.D. programs in science or humanities often involve significant original research. Four years allows for in-depth exploration, data collection, analysis, and dissertation writing.
• Extensive Clinical Hours. Certain professional doctorates, like the cheapest online doctorate in psychology , may require a set number of supervised clinical hours. A four-year program can accommodate this requirement while integrating coursework.

Here is what to expect in a four-year online doctoral program:

• Lengthy Dissertation. The dissertation process is likely to be more extensive, requiring more time for research and writing.
• Practicum or Clinical Hours. Programs like online D.N.P. programs might incorporate online or in-person practicum experiences alongside coursework, extending the program length.
• Slower Pace. The program may offer a slower pace compared to accelerated options, allowing for deeper dives into complex topics.

The table provided outlines the various types of online doctoral programs discussed above.

The estimated range of the total tuition and fees for online doctoral programs is $30,000 to $75,000 per year. Costs for accelerated online doctoral programs vary greatly depending on several factors:

• Institution. Public universities tend to be more affordable than private institutions.
• Program type. Professional doctorates such as Ed.D. and D.B.A. often cost less than research-focused Ph.D. programs.
• Residency requirements. Programs with on-campus residency sessions may have higher costs due to travel and accommodation.
• Per-credit vs. flat rate. Some programs charge per credit hour, while others have a flat tuition rate.
• Technology. You might need to invest in specific software or hardware to participate in online courses.
• Books and materials. Course materials can add up, so factor this into your budget.
• Application fees. Application fees vary by program, so be sure to research these costs.

In 2021, approximately 1.8 million postbaccalaureate students participated in at least one distance education course, with 1.3 million exclusively taking such courses. Postbaccalaureate degree programs encompass master’s, doctoral, and professional doctoral programs, such as those in law, medicine, and dentistry.

Federal financial aid for online doctoral programs is typically limited. However, there are still options to consider:

• Scholarships and Grants: These are free money awards from universities, foundations, or government programs. There are programs specifically for doctoral students and some may be open to online learners. Search for scholarships related to your field of study and check with the financial aid office of your chosen program for university-specific options.
• Assistantships: Some universities offer research or teaching assistantships that provide tuition remission and sometimes a stipend in exchange for work. These are less common for online programs but inquire with your program about possibilities.
• Employer Assistance: Some employers offer tuition reimbursement programs for their employees pursuing higher education.

While specifics will vary by program and institution, here are the typical admissions requirements for online doctoral programs:

• Master's Degree. Most online doctoral programs require a master's degree in a relevant field.
• GPA. A minimum GPA, often around 3.0 on a 4.0 scale, is usually required from your undergraduate or graduate studies.
• Standardized Tests. Some programs, particularly those in business or education, might require GRE or GMAT scores. However, the trend is moving away from standardized tests for online programs.
• Resume or CV. A professional resume or curriculum vitae showcasing your educational background, relevant work experience, and achievements is typically required.
• Letters of Recommendation. One or more letters of recommendation from professors, supervisors, or professional contacts familiar with your academic abilities and potential for doctoral studies.
• Personal Statement. This essay allows you to explain your motivations for pursuing the program, your research interests, and your career goals.
• Writing Sample. Some programs may request a writing sample to assess your research and writing skills relevant to your chosen field.
• Interview. Virtual interviews are becoming increasingly common for online programs. This allows the admissions committee to evaluate your communication skills and suitability for the program.

Additional Requirements (may vary by program):

• Work Experience. Some programs, especially professional doctorates, may require a minimum number of years of relevant work experience.
• Technical Skills. Programs may ask about your proficiency in online learning platforms and the necessary software for the program.
• Licensure or Certifications. Certain fields, like nursing, might require specific licenses or certifications for admission.

Short doctoral programs often offer a condensed curriculum, focusing on essential foundational and advanced topics relevant to the field of study. Courses may include advanced seminars, specialized workshops, and independent research studies tailored to the specific program's objectives. The emphasis is typically on depth rather than breadth, allowing students to delve deeply into key concepts and methodologies while completing their degree in a shorter timeframe.

Additionally, dissertation requirements for online doctoral programs will vary depending on the specific program and field of study. The vast majority of online doctoral programs, especially those focused on research, will still require a dissertation.

However, online programs might offer some modifications compared to traditional dissertations:

• Shorter Length. The dissertation might be slightly shorter in terms of page count or word count compared to a traditional program.
• Focused Scope. The research topic might be narrower in scope to accommodate the online format and potentially a shorter completion timeframe.
• Alternative Formats. In rare cases, some programs might offer alternative culminating projects like a capstone research paper or applied project relevant to your profession, but this is less common for research-focused doctoral degrees.

An online doctoral degree can open doors to a variety of career opportunities depending on your chosen field and your previous experience. Here is a breakdown of some potential paths:

• Teaching. With a doctoral degree, you might qualify for teaching positions at colleges and universities, including online institutions. However, competition for tenure-track positions can be high, and additional requirements like teaching experience might be necessary.
• Research. Some doctoral programs prepare you for research careers in government agencies, non-profit organizations, or private research institutions.

Industry and Business

• Leadership and Management. Doctoral degrees in fields like Business Administration or Education can qualify you for leadership positions in various industries. You could pursue roles like director, executive, or vice president, depending on your specific area of expertise.
• Consulting. Your specialized knowledge and research skills can be valuable for consulting firms. You could advise businesses on various topics related to your field.
• Policy and Advocacy. Doctoral degrees in social sciences or public policy can equip you for careers in policy analysis, advocacy, or program development within government agencies or non-profit organizations.

Other Specialized Fields

• Healthcare. Doctoral degrees in nursing or psychology can qualify you for advanced practice roles in healthcare settings. For instance, a D.N.P. might allow you to work as a nurse practitioner, while a Psy.D. could lead to a career as a clinical psychologist.
• Education. An Ed.D. can open doors to leadership positions in school districts, curriculum development, or educational technology companies.

Here are some key steps to assess the quality and reputation of an online doctoral program:

Accreditation

Verify that the program is accredited by a reputable national or regional accrediting body recognized by the US Department of Education. This ensures the program meets quality standards. You can search for accredited institutions on the Department of Education's database .

Faculty Expertise

Research the faculty members involved in the program. Look for their credentials, publications, and areas of expertise. Are they actively engaged in research relevant to your field of interest?

Student Outcomes

Investigate the program's graduation rates, job placement rates for graduates, and alumni success stories. These can be indicators of program effectiveness.

Program Structure and Curriculum

Carefully review the program curriculum to ensure it aligns with your academic goals and career aspirations. Does it offer a strong foundation and relevant specializations?

Online Learning Platform and Support

Evaluate the online learning platform used by the program. Is it user-friendly and accessible? What support services are available for online students, such as technical assistance and academic guidance?

Reviews and Rankings

Online reviews from current students or alumni can offer valuable insights. However, take these with a grain of salt, as they may not be entirely objective.

Rankings of online doctoral programs can be a starting point, but they should not be the sole factor in your decision. Rankings often use methodologies that may not fully capture the quality of an online program that best suits your needs.

Doctoral degrees in the following fields are most commonly offered in an online format:

• Education (Ed.D.) - Programs focus on educational leadership, curriculum development, and educational technology.
• Business Administration (D.B.A.) - Designed for working professionals seeking advancement in business leadership or management roles.
• Nursing (D.N.P.) - Prepares registered nurses from the cheapest online nurse practitioner programs for advanced practice roles in leadership, education, or clinical specialties.
• Public Administration (D.P.A.) - Equips students for leadership positions in government agencies, non-profit organizations, and public policy.
• Counseling (Ed.D. or Psy.D.) - Programs train counselors to work in various settings, such as schools, mental health clinics, or private practice.

These fields are popular choices for online doctoral degrees because they often cater to working professionals seeking to advance their careers while maintaining flexibility. The coursework and program structures can be adapted for online delivery, and the practical aspects can sometimes be fulfilled through alternative experiences.

The chart provided outlines the average yearly salary of nurses holding doctorates in the US.

Occupations at the graduate level encompass roles that usually mandate a master's (such as affordable MSN programs online ), doctoral, or professional degree. Collectively, these occupations are forecasted to have just over 500,000 annual average openings between 2022 and 2032.

What is the easiest doctorate to get online?

Disciplines such as humanities, education, theology, and psychology are often perceived as more accessible, primarily due to their emphasis on qualitative research methods rather than quantitative analysis.

How can I finish my Ph.D. fast?

Certain universities provide accelerated programs, particularly through online platforms, which demand the same rigorous workload but compress the timeline for completion. Opting for a dissertation topic familiar to you can be one of the most effective strategies for expediting your program.

Can you skip straight to a Ph.D.?

It is indeed possible to get a Ph.D. even without a master's degree. While the conventional route typically involves completing a master's program prior to pursuing a doctorate, certain schools and programs provide alternatives that bypass the master's entirely. In fact, in specific instances, this approach is preferred.

How can I network with professionals in my field while pursuing an online doctorate?

Leverage the online world. Join professional associations' online forums, attend virtual industry events, and connect with relevant people on LinkedIn. Engage with professors' networks and research collaborations, and utilize social media to connect with professionals and program alumni.

What strategies are available for balancing a short doctoral program with full-time work or other commitments?

Balancing a short doctoral program with full-time work or other commitments requires effective time management and strategic planning. Many programs offer flexible scheduling options, such as evening or weekend classes, and online coursework to accommodate working professionals. Utilizing tools like calendars and task management apps can help in organizing study time, work responsibilities, and personal life. Communicating with employers about your academic commitments might allow for flexible work arrangements or reduced hours. Additionally, seeking support from family, friends, and academic advisors can provide the necessary encouragement and assistance to manage the demands of both professional and academic responsibilities successfully.

Key Insights

• Flexibility and Convenience : Short online doctoral programs offer flexibility, allowing working professionals to balance their careers, personal lives, and education.
• Accelerated Learning : These programs can be completed in a shorter timeframe, typically ranging from one to four years, depending on the discipline and program structure.
• Earning Potential : Obtaining a doctoral degree can increase earning potential by 12% compared to those with a bachelor's degree.
• Diverse Career Opportunities : Graduates can pursue careers in academia, industry, healthcare, education, and leadership roles, benefiting from the practical and research skills acquired.
• Cost and Financial Aid : The total cost of tuition and fees for online doctoral programs ranges from $30,000 to $75,000 annually. Financial aid options include scholarships, grants, assistantships, and employer tuition reimbursement programs.
• Accreditation Importance : Ensuring the program is accredited by a reputable body is crucial for the degree's recognition and value.
• Specialized Fields : Online doctoral programs cover various specializations, including education, business administration, nursing, public administration, and counseling.
• Professional Development : These programs help students develop advanced skills in research, leadership, critical thinking, and problem-solving, enhancing their professional credentials.
• What are the benefits of getting a short doctoral program? Professional doctorate programs focus on the practical application of knowledge within your field, enhancing earning potential by 12% compared to individuals with a bachelor's degree. Accelerated online doctoral programs offer convenience, flexibility, and rapid progress, catering to employed professionals seeking swift career advancement.
• What can I expect from a short doctoral program? Short doctoral programs are designed to provide a streamlined curriculum with a focus on essential foundational and advanced topics relevant to the field. They often include advanced seminars, specialized workshops, and independent research studies. The emphasis is on depth rather than breadth, allowing students to delve deeply into key concepts and methodologies while completing their degree in a shorter timeframe.
• How long does it take to complete the shortest online doctoral program? The shortest online doctoral programs typically take one to four years to complete. Ph.D. programs, focused on research and original contributions to knowledge, usually take closer to three years or more, while professional doctorates like Ed.D. and D.B.A. can be completed in as little as two years in an accelerated format.
• How do the shortest online doctoral programs compare to on-campus programs? Short online doctoral programs differ from traditional ones in program structure and coursework. They offer a more streamlined curriculum, often with a focus on core classes directly related to the field. Online programs provide flexibility and convenience, making them suitable for working professionals.
• What is the average cost of a short online doctoral program? The estimated range of total tuition and fees for online doctoral programs is $30,000 to $75,000 per year. Costs vary based on the institution, program type, residency requirements, and additional expenses like books, materials, and technology.
• What financial aid options are available for students enrolling in a short online doctoral program? Financial aid options for online doctoral programs include scholarships, grants, research or teaching assistantships, and employer tuition reimbursement programs. Federal financial aid may be limited, but there are specific programs and university-specific options available.
• What are the prerequisites for enrolling in a short online doctoral program? Typical admissions requirements include a master's degree in a relevant field, a minimum GPA, standardized test scores (GRE or GMAT), a professional resume or CV, letters of recommendation, a personal statement, a writing sample, and sometimes an interview. Additional requirements may include relevant work experience, technical skills, and specific licenses or certifications.
• What courses are typically in a short online doctoral program? Courses in short online doctoral programs often include advanced seminars, specialized workshops, and independent research studies tailored to the specific program's objectives. The curriculum is designed to provide a deep understanding of key concepts and methodologies relevant to the field.
• What career paths are available for graduates of short online doctoral programs? Graduates can pursue careers in academia, research, industry and business roles, healthcare, education, and specialized fields such as public administration and counseling. These programs prepare students for leadership positions, consulting roles, and advanced practice roles in their respective fields.
• What is the job market for graduates of short online doctoral programs? Graduate-level occupations requiring a master's, doctoral, or professional degree are projected to have approximately 500,000 annual average openings from 2022 to 2032. The job market for graduates of short online doctoral programs is diverse, with opportunities in academia, industry, healthcare, education, and leadership roles.

References:

• Kalosieh, J., and Anp-C, D. C. M. A. (2024, February 26). 2023–2024 Nurse salary: facts, figures, and RN salary by state. IntelyCare
• National Center for Education Statistics. (2022). Fast Facts: Distance learning (80). NCES
• Torpey, E. (2024, January 19). Education level and projected openings, 2022–32: Career Outlook: US Bureau of Labor Statistics

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35 Shortest Doctoral Programs Online [Fastest Doctorate & PhD Degrees]

Have you ever dreamed of getting your PhD or doctorate without spending ages in school? We’ve got you covered!

We’ve compiled a list of the 35 shortest doctoral programs available online. These programs can be ideal if you are looking to fast-track your education.

Online accelerated PhD programs are growing in popularity, but they vary widely in their graduation requirements. We’ve put together this guide showcasing online doctorate programs that require less than 60 credit hours to help you find the one that meets your needs.

The US Bureau of Labor Statistics ( BLS ) reports that doctorate degree holders earn more than $19,000 a year on average than those holding a master’s degree only.

And because a doctoral degree is the highest level of academic achievement, you will also receive the accompanying scholarly respect as you make valuable contributions to your field and society as a whole.

Editorial Listing ShortCode:

Accredited Schools Offering the Shortest Doctoral Program Options

Methodology:  To decide which universities to include in our guide, we looked at several criteria, including the total number of credit hours required, accreditation, programs offered, and quality of online programs. Each of these universities offers accredited, accelerated online doctoral programs.

Completion time can differ for each student, but it’s exciting to know that some accredited schools now offer doctorate degrees that require fewer than 40 credit hours to complete! This can offer more flexibility and efficiency in your educational journey.

Before you apply, it’s important to carefully review your potential program’s tuition fees, graduation criteria, and classes offered.

Boston University

Boston University offers an accelerated Doctor of Occupational Therapy program that can be completed in 18 months. The program requires 33 to 37 credits and includes courses in evidence-based practice and health care management. It is fully online, allowing flexibility for working professionals. No dissertation is required, but a doctoral project is necessary.

Boston University is accredited by the New England Commission of Higher Education.

Capella University

Capella University’s doctoral programs offered in FlexPath provide a unique, self-paced learning format that allows you to complete your degree at your own speed, potentially much faster than traditional programs.

Some programs even allow up to 24 transfer credits, further accelerating your studies. Whether pursuing a Doctor of Education or a Doctor of Business Administration, FlexPath provides the flexibility to advance your career on your terms.

Capella University is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.

Colorado Christian University

Colorado Christian University offers an online Doctor of Nursing Practice program that can be completed in just over 2 years. The program requires 30 credit hours and includes courses in advanced nursing practice and leadership. It features a flexible online format and culminates in an evidence-based practice (EBP) project.

Colorado Christian University is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.

Concordia University Chicago

Concordia University Chicago offers an online PhD in Exercise Science. This asynchronous program can be completed at your own pace and allows students to accelerate their studies by completing them with fewer breaks. The program requires the completion of 69 credit hours, including a dissertation. Coursework covers topics in exercise science, research, statistics, and leadership.

Concordia University Chicago is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.

Duquesne University

Duquesne University offers an online Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) in Clinical Leadership program that can be completed in 2 years. This 35-credit program focuses on clinical leadership, quality improvement, and evidence-based practice. It includes three unique residency experiences and culminates in a doctoral practice project.

Duquesne University is accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education.

Drexel University

Drexel University offers an online Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) program that can be completed in 2 years. The program requires 45 credits and includes comprehensive clinical requirements. Students must complete 1,000 post-baccalaureate clinical hours. The program also culminates in a DNP project, focusing on practical, evidence-based improvements in healthcare.

Drexel University is regionally accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education.

East Carolina University

East Carolina University offers an online Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) program that is accredited by the Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education. It requires 36 semester hours, 1,000 clinical practice hours, and 1- to 3-day on-campus sessions at the beginning of each semester.

Coursework is focused on advanced clinical practice, leadership, and quality improvement. The program culminates in a DNP scholarly project designed to address real-world healthcare challenges.

East Carolina University is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges.

Frontier Nursing University

Frontier Nursing University offers an online Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) program that can be completed in 18 months. The program requires 30 credits and 500 clinical hours. Coursework focuses on advanced practice, leadership, and evidence-based care. The program culminates in a quality improvement project, designed for practical, real-world impact.

Frontier Nursing University is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges.

Grand Canyon University

Grand Canyon University offers two online Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) programs. The DNP in Advanced Practice Registered Nurse requires 39 credits and the DNP in Educational Leadership requires 48 credits.

Both programs can be completed in approximately 2.5 years and include courses in leadership, clinical practice, and evidence-based research. They both culminate in a scholarly project aimed at real-world improvements in healthcare and education.

Grand Canyon University is regionally accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.

Gwynedd Mercy University

Gwynedd Mercy University offers an accelerated, online Executive Doctorate in Educational Leadership (EdD) program that can be completed in less than 3 years.

The program requires 54 credits and includes courses in strategic leadership, organizational change, and educational policy. Personal doctoral completion support is offered from day one, ensuring guidance and resources throughout your academic journey.

Gwynedd Mercy University is accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education.

Hampton University

Hampton University offers an online Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Nursing program that can be completed in 3 years. The program requires 48 credit hours and includes 8-week courses in nursing theory, research methods, and health policy.

Students receive personalized support throughout their studies and must complete a dissertation to contribute original research to the field of nursing.

Hampton University is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges.

Indiana State University

Indiana State University offers an online, 37-credit-hour Doctor of Nursing Practice (Post-Master’s). Its curriculum is approved by the American Association of Colleges of Nursing and fully accredited by the Accreditation Commission for Education in Nursing, Inc.

The program aims to develop new leaders in nursing and allows students to shape their education around their interests, expertise, and goals.

Indiana State University is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.

Indiana University of Pennsylvania

Indiana University of Pennsylvania offers an online, accelerated Doctor of Nursing Practice to PhD program. By allowing 27 credits from a DNP degree to transfer, this program can be completed in half the time as a traditional nursing PhD, requiring only 33 semester hours to complete.

Indiana University of Pennsylvania is accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education.

Liberty University

Liberty University offer several doctoral degrees. Many of which can be completed 100% online and may be accelerated. Courses are primarily offered in an 8-week format with no set login times, allowing you to complete your courses at your own pace. Fields of study offered include ministry, public administration, education, nursing, and counseling.

Liberty University is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges.

Monmouth University

Monmouth University offers a 36-credit, online Post-Master’s Doctor of Nursing Practice program that is accredited by the Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education. The curriculum focuses on the translation, application, and evaluation of new science to create nursing professionals capable of creating innovative changes in the field.

Monmouth University is accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education.

National University

National University offers several online doctoral programs to fit the needs of busy schedules. The university offers 4-week, flexible online courses that can be completed at your own pace. Fields of study offered include public administration, education, criminal justice, and business administration.

National University is accredited by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges.

Nova Southeastern University

Nova Southeastern University offers several online and hybrid doctoral programs. These programs offer flexible, online courses and summer courses to help fit busy schedules and accelerate the time it takes to earn a degree.

Topics of study available include education, leadership, human services administration, nursing, organizational leadership, occupational therapy, and special education.

Nova Southeastern University is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges.

Penn State World Campus

Pennsylvania State University offers an online Post-Master’s Doctor of Nursing Practice—Leadership through its World Campus. The program requires 38 to 46 credits that can be completed in 2 years. Most courses are offered in an asynchronous format to better fit busy schedules.

Pennsylvania State University is accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education.

Regent University

Regent University offers several online doctoral degree programs. The school’s generous transfer policy and 8-week course offerings allow many programs to be completed faster. Areas of study offered include ministry, business administration, nursing, communication, leadership, education, and counseling.

Regent University is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges.

Seton Hall University

Seton Hall University offers a Post-Master’s Doctor of Nursing Practice that requires the completion of 31 to 33 credits. The program’s courses can be completed fully online. The curriculum prepares students for advanced practice roles, such as nurse practitioners, midwives, or anesthetists, or administrative and leadership positions.

Seton Hall University is accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education.

Temple University

Temple University’s Occupational Therapy Doctorate (OTD) program requires 21 credits and may be completed in up to 3 years. It is designed for licensed occupational therapists who hold a master’s degree in occupational therapy or a related field. The program offers a flexible format to help working professionals advance their careers while balancing other commitments.

Temple University is accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education.

University at Buffalo

The University at Buffalo offers post-master’s, online programs for a Doctor of Nursing Practice. Each of these degrees requires the completion of 36 credit hours. Specializations offered include Child Health, Family, Psychiatric/Mental Health, and Women’s Health Nurse Practitioner, and Nurse Anesthesia.

The University at Buffalo is accredited by Middle States Commission on Higher Education.

University of Arkansas

The University of Arkansas offers a mostly online Doctor of Education in Education Leadership. The program consists of online courses with weekly synchronous meetings and three weekend seminars. It requires 42 credit hours and can be completed in 3 years. It prepares for leadership roles at a variety of education levels.

The University of Arkansas is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.

University of Bridgeport

The University of Bridgeport’s hybrid Post-Master’s Doctor of Education in Educational Leadership program is mostly online and can be completed in 3 years. Designed for working professionals, all classes can be completed online except for two one-week doctoral summer residencies.

The University of Bridgeport is accredited by the New England Commission of Higher Education.

University of Florida

The University of Florida offers a Doctor of Nursing Practice (Post-Master’s) program that can be completed online. It requires requires the completion of 35 credits and can be completed in 5 semesters. The coursework culminates in a final project designed to help you build clinical expertise and scholarship and could lead to publication or conference presentations.

The University of Florida is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges.

University of Michigan – Flint

The University of Michigan – Flint offers a Doctor of Nursing Practice—Executive Leadership that can be completed with 30 to 34 credits. The curriculum adheres to the standards of the Institute for Healthcare Improvement’s “Triple Aim” criteria. The program is taken online and offers 7-days-a-week support.

The University of Michigan – Flint is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.

University of Minnesota

The University of Minnesota offers an online Post-Master’s Doctor of Nursing Practice. This program is designed for nurses with master’s degrees in a specialty who want to take the next step into an advanced role. It requires the completion of 37 to 38 credits and one four-day session each semester. The program can be completed in 1 year, including a summer semester.

The University of Minnesota is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.

University of Missouri

The University of Missouri offers an online Doctor of Education in Educational Leadership with optional on-campus opportunities. The program requires 54 credits. Typically, students take two classes a semester and graduate in 3 years.

The University of Missouri is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.

University of North Carolina – Greensboro

The University of North Carolina at Greensboro offers an online PhD in Economics. This program can require as little as 45 credit hours and be completed in just 3 years with equivalent core master’s courses to transfer. This customizable program allows you to select labor, health, macroeconomics, technology, entrepreneurship, public, or environmental economic focus.

The University of North Carolina at Greensboro is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges.

University of North Dakota

The University of North Dakota offers an online Post-Master’s Doctor of Nursing Practice. The program requires 37 credit hours and can be completed in 5 semesters. The curriculum is designed for healthcare leaders, focusing on leadership in topics like nurse education, safety and ethics, organizational systems, and integrated leadership.

The University of North Dakota is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.

University of Northern Colorado

The University of Northern Colorado offers a Doctor of Nursing Practice (Post-Master’s) for practicing MSNs and APNs. It requires 44 credits and can be completed in 2 years. The curriculum is designed to create clinical experts with a focus on leadership, advocacy, and critical thinking.

The University of Northern Colorado is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.

University of Tennessee – Knoxville

The University of Tennessee – Knoxville offers several online doctoral programs, several of which require less than 50 credits. Topics of study available include industrial engineering, social work, and nursing. UT offers 24/7 mental health and wellness support for its online learners and synchronous and asynchronous classes to fit your scheduling needs.

The University of Tennessee – Knoxville is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges.

University of Texas at Tyler

The University of Texas at Tyler offers a Doctor of Nursing Practice that can be completed primarily online. The curriculum consists of 39 credits and a scholarly project. The program can be completed in 3 years of part-time attendance. It focuses on evidence-based practice, systems change, leadership, and healthcare policy.

The University of Texas at Tyler is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges.

Vanderbilt University

Vanderbilt University offers an online Ed.D. in Leadership and Learning in Organizations, requiring 54 credits, with transfer credits available for eligible students. The program can be completed in as little as 3 years, providing a rigorous yet flexible path for professionals aiming to lead in educational settings.

Vanderbilt University is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges.

Wilmington University

Wilmington University offers several online, flexible doctoral programs. Three of these programs can be completed in 3 years or less: a Doctor of Nursing Practice, an Ed.D. in Organizational Leadership, and a Doctor of Business Administration.

Wilmington University is accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education.

Popular Online Doctoral Programs

Accelerated online doctoral programs can help you finish your degree faster. These are some of the most popular fields of study in which a doctorate can be earned in an accelerated format.

• Business Administration
• Counseling & Therapy
• Criminal Justice / Homeland Security
• Healthcare Administration
• Human Services
• Information Systems / Technology
• Ministry / Theology
• Public Administration
• Public Health
• Public Policy

Below we’ve provided information about each of these fields of study. Click on the links above to shortcut to your field of interest.

Accounting Doctoral Programs

If you enjoy working with numbers and financial concepts, you may enjoy delving deep into the field with a doctorate in accounting. You can earn this degree to prepare for a position as the chief financial officer of an organization, serve as an auditor, teach accounting at the college level, or oversee a team of accountants.

Doctoral accounting programs include classes in statistical analysis, financial research methods, and accounting theories. Available concentrations include Public Accounting and Forensic Accounting.

Online Doctorate in Business Administration

A doctorate in business administration can prepare you for leadership roles and skillful operation within global markets.

With this degree, you can pursue leadership positions in a variety of fields, including for-profit companies, non-profit organizations, and government groups. You can also work in education, whether in an administrative role or as a professor.

In preparation for such positions, your coursework will cover topics like quantitative and qualitative research methods, statistics, economics, management theories, and organizational behavior.

As a more exclusive degree than an MBA, a DBA can set you apart and help you land top leadership positions. Plus, the number of courses required is typically less, making it one of the shortest doctoral options.

Counseling Doctoral Degree Programs

A doctoral degree in counseling or therapy can equip you to help others work through their mental health or interpersonal struggles, and it can prepare you for leadership roles in counseling organizations.

With this degree, you can pursue careers in social work, private practice, or program administration. You may also tailor your education with concentrations like Counselor Education and Supervision, Art Therapy, Marriage and Family Therapy, and Addiction Counseling.

Coursework often covers topics like group and individual counseling, trauma response, ethical behavior, and diversity. Some universities require that you already be licensed as a counselor in your state before beginning their programs.

A PhD in Counseling can allow you to pursue a career as a college or university educator, an advanced counselor who trains and leads others, or a primary researcher for innovative studies.

If you’re currently a counselor and training other counselors or managing a counseling program are career goals of yours, a PhD in Counseling can make those goals a reality.

Criminal Justice & Homeland Security Doctorate Degrees

With a doctorate in criminal justice or homeland security, you can pursue a career in law enforcement, government, or private practice.

Your chosen career may provide opportunities to protect your community, conduct investigations, work with criminals, or collect intelligence. Often, doctoral graduates gain leadership positions, such as serving as a chief of police.

In pursuit of this doctoral degree, you’ll take classes in psychology, emergency and disaster situations, the justice system, and victimology.

Your program may offer concentrations like Terrorism, Criminology, Information Assurance, Security, or Emergency Management.

Doctorate in Education

Whether you want to teach in a classroom, serve in school administration, provide teacher support, or equip the next generation of instructors, a doctorate in education can help you achieve your goals.

Many graduates remain in the classroom and take on leadership roles. Others become principals, superintendents, professors, policymakers, curriculum specialists, or educational consultants.

While earning this degree, you’ll take classes in curriculum development, organizational leadership, student assessment, and education research. You could select an EdD concentration in an area like Special Education, Administration, Curriculum and Instruction, or Early Childhood Education.

A PhD in Education and an EdD are quite similar degrees. Both programs focus on education and can prepare you for leadership roles. PhD programs, however, are more research-based.

A PhD can be a better match for someone looking for a career in research, publishing, or teaching at the university level. It focuses less on application than an Ed.D., but the same types of careers are possible with either of these two degrees.

In terms of time to completion, the shortest program option is usually the EdD because there’s often no dissertation required.

Doctorate in Finance

People with strong math and money skills can be good candidates for pursuing a doctoral degree in finance. Many doctoral graduates take leadership positions with investment firms, large banks, hedge funds, universities, or government agencies. Some earn CEO or other C-suite roles.

A doctorate in finance can even prepare you for an international career. As you study for your degree, you’ll take classes in market analysis, global markets, financial planning, theories of finance, taxation, and leadership.

You can also choose to prepare for leadership roles in this field by pursuing a DBA with a concentration in Finance.

Doctorate in Healthcare Administration

Earning a doctoral degree in the field of healthcare administration can prepare you for leadership positions in healthcare and medical settings. With it, you can work in hospitals, nursing homes, medical records companies, political think tanks, government agencies, or universities.

In this discipline, you’ll take classes on global health, business, law and policies, finance, and organizational leadership. Many DHA programs offer concentrations like Public Health, Leadership, and Health Policy.

An alternative academic path is earning a DBA with a concentration in Healthcare Administration, which can offer a shorter route to a doctorate when no dissertation is required.

Doctorate in Human Services

Earning a doctorate in human services can prepare you for leadership positions in organizations that provide services and assistance for various groups of people. You may work in schools, clinics, community outreach programs, or non-profit organizations.

Some people who pursue this degree are licensed counselors who want to serve in a leadership capacity in a mental health practice. Others desire teaching positions in human services at the university level.

Common topics of study for this degree include grant writing, leadership, communication, financial management, and ethics. Some of the concentration options are Mental Health, Gerontology, Marriage and Family, and Leadership and Management.

A PhD in Human Services can prepare you for leadership positions or help you become a policymaker in public and human services.

A PhD in Human Services is a flexible degree. If you have an undergraduate or master’s degree in public service, including social services, child welfare, criminal justice, or healthcare, you may find this degree interesting.

Doctorate in Information Systems / Technology

Companies and organizations rely on systems to keep their data and records safe and accessible. To be at the forefront of this field, consider a doctorate in information technology.

With this degree, you can pursue work as a C-suite executive, a director in a tech department, a consultant, a leader in a government agency, or a strategist. You could also be well-poised to open your own company.

Your classes will equip you with knowledge about data collection and analysis, threat and risk management, policy-making, strategic planning, and research.

Doctorate in Management / Leadership

If you want to hold one of the highest roles in an organization, then earning a doctoral degree in management may be in order. Some with this degree become C-suite executives, such as chief operating officers. Others take the helm of school districts or universities or accept teaching or research roles in higher education.

While earning this doctorate, you will study leadership, ethics, consulting, decision-making, innovation, and research. Many students pursue concentrations in Technology, Homeland Security, Non-Profit Organizations, or Healthcare.

Alternatively, some schools offer DBA programs with Management concentrations. This often adds more flexibility and can be the shorter option when compared to a PhD, which usually requires a dissertation.

Ministry (D.Min.) or Theology Doctorate Programs

You can take your religious education to the next level with a doctorate in ministry or theology. After earning this degree, you can choose to put your education into practice in church, parachurch, counseling, or chaplaincy positions.

Coursework for this degree typically helps students grow not only academically, but also spiritually. Topics covered include leadership, spiritual disciplines, evangelism, social justice, and teaching methods.

Some doctoral candidates pursue a specialization. Options include Counseling, Worship, Chaplaincy, Spiritual Disciplines, and Urban Ministry.

A career as a professor is a possibility with this degree, or you could become a missionary leader or lead pastor at a church.

Many universities require students to hold professional ministry positions before admitting them into their programs.

Doctorate in Nursing (Doctor of Nursing Practice)

The top-educated nurses have their doctoral degrees in nursing practice. With this degree, you can continue offering direct patient care. For example, you might work as a specialty nurse in a clinic. You could also use your degree as a care coordinator, manager of a nursing team, policymaker, or nurse educator.

For RNs (Registered Nurses) who want to teach and train other nurses in academic settings, a PhD in Nursing is the best doctorate-level nursing degree to pursue. A PhD in Nursing can also prepare you for a career in research as a nursing scientist.

Coursework for this degree includes classes on information technology, finance, organizational leadership, safety, and healthcare law. Keep in mind that a doctoral degree in nursing is a terminal degree in the field and will not qualify you for a position as a physician.

DNP programs have gained a lot of popularity over the years and are designed for RNs who seek advancement while remaining practicing nurses.

Earning a DNP can prepare you for leadership careers in the nursing industry. It will teach you how to advocate for and make policies, manage and direct nursing programs, and ensure communities offer the best healthcare to citizens who need it the most.

Doctorate in Public Administration

Whether you want to work in a government agency or would prefer a position with a related organization, a doctorate in public administration can help you achieve your goals.

People with this doctoral degree often serve as politicians, lobbyists, non-profit directors, grant writers, administrators, or government affairs directors. If you want to go into government or politics, you could work at the local, state, or national level.

In this field, you’ll study human resources, public policy, budgeting, ethics, organizational leadership, and decision-making.

PhD in Public Health

With a doctoral degree in public health, you could choose to conduct research in the fields of epidemiology, environmental science, clinical trials, or academia.

Instead, you could choose to pursue leadership roles in public health as a safety engineer, a clinic manager, or an executive of a hospital system.

Classes for this degree cover health equity, data analysis, biostatistics, and healthcare policy. Concentrations are available at many universities. Common options include Health Education, Leadership, and Laboratory Science.

PhD in Public Policy

If you want to have a hand in creating or modifying the policies that shape people’s lives and communities, then a doctoral program in public policy can provide the education that you need. Graduates often work for government agencies, universities, think tanks, and various institutions.

While earning this degree, you’ll study ethics, decision-making, research, leadership, and cultural diversity. You’ll also practice identifying problems, gathering valuable data, and creating effective solutions.

You may focus on Urban Policy, Health Policy, Financial Management, or other areas of specialization.

Ph.D. in Psychology

A doctoral degree in psychology can help you understand how people think and the influence that thought has on behavior. Many people pursue this degree because they want to work as licensed clinical psychologists in schools, private practices, hospitals, or organizational settings.

Coursework for this degree covers counseling theories, psychopathology, culture, motivation and behavior, and cognition.

Programs leading to licensure typically require a lengthy supervised practicum.

What is the Difference Between a PhD and a Doctorate?

A PhD, or Doctor of Philosophy, is just one type of doctorate, of which there are many.

Common doctorate degrees include:

• Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.)
• Doctor of Business Administration (DBA)
• Doctor of Education (EdD)
• Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)
• Doctor of Social Work (DSW)

Although the PhD is just one type of doctorate, it does have one distinguishing feature: the dissertation requirement. Nearly every PhD program requires adding to your field’s body of knowledge by performing original research on an approved topic of interest.

So, if you’re looking for fast-track doctoral programs, professional doctorates are generally a better choice.

How Long Does It Take to Get a Doctorate?

The length of time it takes to complete your doctorate will depend on the university and the type of doctoral program you attend.

On average, it takes 3 to 5 years to earn a doctorate.

The answers to the following questions can significantly impact completion time:

• Does the doctorate require a dissertation?
• How many classes can you take at one time?
• Are you transferring any credits into the program?
• How many weeks long are your classes?
• Is there a residency requirement?
• Is there a professional internship requirement?

As you can see, the best answer we can give you is: it depends.

To give you a ballpark, if you are working toward a professional doctorate (DBA, EdD, PsyD, etc.) and there is no dissertation requirement, you should be able to complete your program in about 2 to 3 years. Some people may be able to complete it in less time, and some may take longer. This is simply an average.

The dissertation requirement of Ph.D. programs can significantly impact your completion time. Generally speaking, it takes most doctoral students 3 to 5 years to complete a Ph.D.

What’s the Quickest Way to Earn a Doctorate Degree?

Just like accelerated online master’s programs , the shortest path to a doctorate will vary depending on your background, the program selected, and the university’s requirements.

The time it takes to complete a doctoral program online varies widely by university. For some universities, 3-year PhD programs are the norm. The official timeline on most university websites is about 3 – 5 years to complete a doctoral degree, but that’s just a general guideline.

If you are looking for the shortest PhD programs, you’ll want to select a program that does not require a dissertation. Dissertations are notorious for taking 2+ years to complete beyond the actual course requirements.

The following doctoral programs do not always require a dissertation: EdD, PsyD, DBA, DPA, and similar professional degrees. Most PhD programs require a dissertation (which means they’ll take longer to complete).

Another way to speed up your degree is by enrolling at a university that offers accelerated (8-week) doctoral courses. Since the courses take half the time to complete, you can finish your studies in less time.

Finally, you’ll want to pick a program that requires fewer credit hours. For example, one university may require 64 credit hours for an EdD while another may only require 42 credits. When looking for the shortest doctorate programs, you’ll want to examine the credit hour requirements closely.

This is also a great way to find the cheapest online doctoral programs. Generally, you’ll pay less tuition if you don’t need as many credit hours for program completion.

Are There Any One-Year Online Doctoral Programs?

When exploring the fastest route to a doctorate, it’s important to understand the available options and their typical timelines.

While some fast track schools offer the possibility of finishing a professional doctorate in 12 to 18 months, most accredited universities generally promote their doctorate programs as taking 3 or more years to complete.

These are some things to consider when looking for a faster doctoral program:

• Standard PhD duration : The usual time frame for completing a PhD is about 3 to 5 years. Occasionally, you might come across a 2-year PhD program, but these programs are quite rare.
• Other career-focused doctorates
• Select an online program with fewer credit hours required.
• Enroll in accelerated online courses , often structured as 8-week classes.
• Consider no-dissertation programs
• Look for programs that don’t require a GRE for admission.
• Capstone project as an alternative : Consider programs requiring a capstone project instead of a traditional dissertation. Capstone projects require research but generally take less time to complete than dissertations.

So, while 1-year online doctorate programs are not commonly available, especially from accredited institutions, these strategies can help you find a doctorate program that can be completed in a significantly shorter time.

Do All PhD Programs Require Students to Complete a Dissertation?

PhD programs usually require dissertations, but professional doctorates, such as a Doctor of Business Administration or Doctor of Education, generally do not require dissertations. Instead, they typically require capstone projects.

What Is the Fastest PhD Program Available?

The fastest PhDs available will be those that require 30 credit hours or less to complete. Once you’ve selected the fastest online degree that requires fewer credit hours than the norm, try to narrow your list further by selecting a university with accelerated PhD classes, which generally only take 8 weeks to complete.

If a PhD is not absolutely necessary, you will likely find it easier to find a professional doctorate program that meets these criteria, and it will likely not require a dissertation.

Having to fulfill a dissertation requirement can significantly increase the time it takes to complete your degree.

If speed is the most important factor, then a professional or applied doctorate, such as an online Doctor of Business Administration, Doctor of Psychology, or Doctorate of Education, will likely be the fastest option.

Looking for the Fastest Doctorate Programs?

When looking for the fastest doctorate degrees available, the first thing to consider is how much you’re willing to compromise in the name of speed.

Yes, there are accredited online doctoral programs that can be completed in less time than traditional, campus-based programs. The key is finding the shortest doctoral program offering the exact studies you seek.

In your search for efficiency, focusing on programs with short completion times and fewer course requirements can be a strategic choice.

Choosing a fast-track online doctorate program with minimal required courses, accelerated online classes, and no dissertation requirements can be a smart move toward efficiently achieving your academic goals. We invite you to start exploring accredited programs today with our program finder below.

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• PhD in USA – A Guide for 2024/25
• Finding a PhD

A PhD in USA takes approximately 5 – 6 years of full-time study and can cost between $12,000 – $45,000 per academic year. PhD programs in USA differ from that in the UK and Europe in that students must first take taught classes, coursework and exams before starting their research project.

Why Do a PhD in USA?

The United States has long had some of the most distinguished universities and advanced PhD programmes in the world. Combined with curriculum flexibility, rigorous teaching methods, vast funding opportunities, breathtaking campuses and significant career prospects, it’s no wonder that it is one of the most sought-after study destinations for research students.

In addition to comprehensive training standards, here are a few other reasons why a student may choose to undertake their PhD in the United States:

• Longer learning timeframes – A PhD in the US lasts longer than a PhD in the UK or Europe. This allows students to more confidently transition from undergraduate to postgraduate studies; more commonly referred to as ‘graduate studies’ in the US. This gives you the opportunity to learn more about your subject, research methods and academic writing in general before starting your research project.
• World-class universities – It’s no secret that some of the most well-known higher education institutions that continue to dominate global rankings are based in the United States. Although many factors go into determining whether a position is right for you, a PhD at a high-ranking American university will undeniably have many benefits, from excellent learning standards to access to innovative equipment and deep expertise.
• International network – The US has long been a popular choice among PhD students around the world. As such, the US hosts a diverse and multicultural learning environment in which many research students will quickly feel at home.
• Opportunities – With over 4,000 universities in the US, we can safely say you will have plenty of opportunities to find the ideal combination of project, supervisor and university that works for you.

Universities in USA

Universities in the United States can be divided into two types: public universities and private universities.

Public universities are financed by the state in which they are based. Because of this, public universities charge less for students from within the state and more for students from outside the state, including international students.

Private universities are not financed by their state, but by private donors, research funds and tuition fees. For this reason, private universities generally charge higher tuition fees than public universities and require all students to pay the same amount, regardless of whether they come from out-of-state or abroad.

According to the Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2024 , eight of the top ten universities in the world are located in the United States. These are:

Method of Study

The main difference between a PhD in the US and a PhD in Europe lies in the program structure. Whereas a European PhD essentially consists of a single phase lasting three to four years , an American PhD consists of three different phases, each with its own time frame.

• Phase One – The first phase lasts approximately two years and focuses on building a basic foundation for the doctoral student. This phase consists largely of taught components such as lectures, tutorials and laboratory sessions, in which the student learns more about theoretical concepts and research methods within their discipline.
• Phase Two – The second phase can be considered an assessment phase, which runs both periodically alongside and at the end of the first phase. Here, students complete coursework and take exams on the basis of the material they have covered of which they must pass in order to proceed to the third phase.
• Phase Three – The third phase lasts approximately three years and resembles the European PhD structure. During this period, the student undertakes an independent research project, including forming a research design, conducting experiments, writing a thesis (more commonly referred to in the USA as a dissertation) and sitting a viva exam.

Teaching Requirements

Besides structure, a key difference between a PhD program in the US and in Europe is the focus on teaching requirements. In the US, doctoral students are expected to lecture, lead tutorials, host laboratory sessions, mark coursework and provide office hours for undergraduate students. Although students studying in European will likely contribute to these at some point during their study, this would normally be on a voluntary basis and involve less time commitment.

Research Flexibility

Another difference is project flexibility. In Europe, students typically apply to a PhD project predetermined by a supervisor, and although there may be some scope to adapt the project, depending on the funding provider , it will usually be limited to how the project is carried out rather than what it is about. In the US, however, a student applies to become a doctoral candidate within a department rather than applying for a particular research project. This is because students are expected to decide on their thesis topic (also commonly referred to as a dissertation research topic) near the end of their first phase after they have developed a better understanding of their subject and know where their interests lie. Therefore, research students in the US generally have more flexibility and influence in the direction of their research than students in the United Kingdom or Europe.

PhD Admission Requirements in USA

PhD admission into US universities can be highly competitive, both because of the limited number of positions and the large number of annual applicants.

The eligibility requirements for a doctoral program in the USA can generally be divided into four sections:

• Grade Point Average ( GPA ) – in the US, a scoring system known as Grade Point Average is used to measure academic ability. A student’s GPA is calculated as a weighted score of the subjects they study during their undergraduate degree; an equivalent score is calculated by universities for international applicants. Although universities rarely set minimum GPA requirements for doctoral study, it’s worth being aware that a GPA of 3.0 is equivalent to a UK second class honours (2:1); the typical entry requirement for UK universities.
• Graduate Records Exam (GRE) – most universities will require you to take a series of examinations known as Graduate Records Exams, which are used to determine your suitability for graduate study. GREs will assess your analytical, reasoning and critical thinking skills as well as your depth of your subject.
• Student aptitude – in addition to academic ability, US universities also look for characteristics of a strong researcher. These include traits such as engaging in the subject in your own time, e.g. by attending talks and conferences, demonstrating a high degree of independence and enthusiasm, and a general passion for your subject.
• English Language Proficiency – international students whose first language is not English must sit language exams such as IELTS or TOELF to demonstrate their English language proficiency.

International students will also require a F1 student visa in order to study in the US, however, you would typically apply for this after you have secured a place into a doctorate program.

How to Apply for PhD in USA

When applying for a PhD position at a graduate school, the application process will differ between universities, however, they will all typically ask for the following:

• Academic CV – a short document summarising your educational background and current level of experience .
• Personal statement – a document which outlines why you believe you are suitable for PhD study and your passion for the subject.
• Academic transcripts – a complete breakdown of the modules and their respective marks you have taken as part of your previous/current degree.
• GRE scores – a transcript of your Graduate Records Exam results.
• Research statement – a condensed version of a research proposal outlining your general research interests, if required.
• Recommendation letters – references from several academic referees who endorse your qualities as a person, your abilities as a student and your potential as a doctoral researcher.

Application Deadlines and Fees

Since PhD programs in the United States have taught components, they commence at the same time as all other taught degrees, and therefore share the same application deadlines and start dates. This corresponds to an application period that typically begins in August and ends in February. Admission decisions are typically made in April, with successful students starting in August/September.

When you apply to a graduate school, you will be expected to pay a fee for each doctorate application to cover the school’s administrative costs for processing your application. The fee varies from university to university, but typically ranges from $50 to $100 .

Funding your PhD in USA

It’s very common for a PhD student to receive financial aid in the form of a PhD scholarship; in fact, this will be the case for the vast majority of students in the US.

PhD funding can be ‘fully funded’ covering the student’s graduate program tuition fees, accommodation and living costs, or ‘partially funded’ covering the student’s tuition fee only in part or full.

Besides funding, a graduate student can take on an assistantship, such as a graduate teaching assistant or research assistant, in which they take on a part-time salaried position at the university alongside their studies.

Due to the international and collaborate nature of American universities, there are also a number of international scholarships available, such as the Fulbright Scholarship and the AAUW International Fellowship .

PhD Duration in USA

In the US, a PhD takes approximately 5 – 6 years to complete if studying full-time, and 8 – 10 years if studying part-time.

If you already have a Master’s degree, your first phase can be shortened by one year at the discretion of the university.

Cost of a PhD in USA

The cost of a PhD program in the US can vary considerably depending on the type of university, i.e. whether it’s a public or private university, the doctoral course, i.e. whether it’s in a STEM subject such as computer science, engineering or a non-STEM subject, and whether you are a home or international student.

In general, however, the typical annual tuition fee for a PhD in the US is between $12,000 and $45,000 per academic year.

As with any doctoral degree, additional costs may include travel for collaborations, bench fees, accommodation and living expenses.

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Studying a PhD in The USA - The Complete Guide

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The USA is a favourable postgraduate study destination for international students due to the high standard of academic study and the wide variety of subjects. By undertaking a PhD in the USA, you will find yourself becoming an internationally recognised expert in your chosen field.

A Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) from the USA is considered the highest awarded degree in many US universities and institutes for most fields of study. For many international students, it's a dream course that offers an exciting new life chapter.

Attending Grad School for a PhD in the USA is not the same as undertaking a PhD in Europe or the UK , it can often be a different experience. However, studying abroad will improve your global cultural understanding in addition to your network of contacts for your future career. A PhD degree is often required when you apply for high-level management jobs, government expert positions, and careers like a university professor, researcher, or scientist in many fields.

There are a multitude of reasons why the United States is a fantastic choice for your PhD studies. Here’s everything you need to know about studying a PhD in the USA.

1. PhD course length

The total length of a PhD in the USA is between 4-8 years for full-time students and 8-10 years for part-time students, depending on your field of study. PhDs can be completed in 4-5 years for students with a masters degree in an appropriate subject. Students typically dedicate 1-4 years on coursework, followed by 2-4 years of dissertation work. In the USA, the academic year is divided into two teaching semesters: August to December and January to May. 

Having a longer duration for your PhD allows for greater opportunities to adjust to your course and find your footing. This enables you to concentrate on developing a more comprehensive understanding of your chosen subject at a more relaxed pace.

2. World-class universities

The US repeatedly tops the charts of worldwide ranking universities , so what better place to do your PhD studies? Although rankings shouldn’t be the main deciding factor when making your PhD choice, they're a great indicator of educational expertise.

There are many factors to consider when choosing the location for your PhD. Does the university have a high employability rate after graduation? Are you wanting to go public or private university? What kind of research facilities do they have? 

Be sure to do some research before making a decision on your perfect place of study.

3. International community

The United States is a popular choice for international students from all over the world – making it an inspirational and cosmopolitan choice for your PhD studies. No matter what your choice of academic study is, you are guaranteed to find a diverse community that welcomes students from all backgrounds. 

4. Affordable tuition fees 

There are various tuition fee options available for PhD students regardless of your budget. The American higher education system is often associated with high fees and substantial student debt, but in fact, studying at an American university isn't always expensive, and many institutions offer affordable courses. For instance, PhD costs range from $28,000 to $55,000 annually, which shows that finding a PhD course that’s more affordable is possible. 

5. Student experience

American universities typically have vibrant campus communities with a wide range of extracurricular activities, clubs and organisations. As a student, you will have the opportunity to engage in various social, cultural and recreational activities alongside your academic studies.

6. Student support

American universities typically provide comprehensive support services to assist you on your PhD journey. These services may include academic advising, counselling, career services, libraries, writing centres and various student organisations aimed at fostering your personal and professional development.

7. Land of opportunity

It's fair to say that student life in the USA offers something for everyone, regardless of what you're looking for from a PhD. With 50 states, six time zones, and thousands of higher-education providers, there's an opportunity waiting for every individual across the globe.

So let’s take a look at some of the key factors to consider when studying for a PhD in the USA.

Studying a PhD in the USA: top tips

Who is eligible for a phd in the usa.

To be eligible for PhD in the USA, generally students should have completed a graduate degree with a minimum GPA of 3.0, provide proof of English language proficiency, GRE scores and other supporting documents.  The eligibility criteria for a PhD in the USA can vary depending on the specific university and program. 

Can I get a PhD without a masters degree?

Yes, you can pursue a PhD without having a masters. Universities in the USA do not require a masters for you to apply. Because of the graduate programs in the US, you will receive your masters degree once you have completed your coursework stage. This practice combines the masters and PhD into one.

The eligibility criteria and requirements for direct entry PhD programs vary among institutions and fields of study, so it is advisable to check the entry requirements of the specific university or course you are interested in.

How to apply for a PhD in the USA

When applying for your chosen subject in the USA, you should expect to provide relevant information and statements to the university. This will include:

Completed application form – provided by your preferred university.

A personal statement – on why you want to study the subject, your research interests and career goals. Be sure to include any extracurricular activities and achievements within the body of your statement.

References – universities will expect that your referees will recommend you for the chosen course.

Test scores and grades – you will generally need to submit scores from standardised tests like the Graduate Record Examination (GRE) or the Graduate Management Admission Test (GMAT). 

English language proficiency – international applicants whose native language is not English usually need to provide proof of English language proficiency through tests like the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) or the International English Language Testing System (IELTS). It varies from institution to institution, but international students in the USA are required to have a TOEFL score of about 90.

Samples of work – it is recommended that you provide some work you have done that is relevant to your chosen subject. You may even be asked to complete a small task during the application process.

The application fee. 

Method of study

Compared to the UK and Europe , studying a PhD in the USA involves several key differences. Students in the USA are usually in direct contact with their professor, compared with those in the UK where students might find that their PhD program is headed by a professor who gives them a little less flexibility to change their research and study areas. There can be several cultural differences between UK, Europe, and USA university lifestyles. US students are expected to undertake a great deal of teaching and marking, as opposed to PhD students in Europe. 

As a result, you may have less free time outside of the university when pursuing a PhD in the USA.

Application for PhD In USA

When applying for your chosen subject, you should expect to provide relevant information and statements to the university. This might include:

A personal statement on why you want to study the subject. Be sure to include any extra-curricular activities and achievements within the body of your statement.

References. Universities will expect that your referees will recommend you for the chosen course.

Test scores and grades. It is important that you provide a list of your awarded grades from previous courses you have studied.

Samples of work. It is recommended that you provide some work you have done that is relevant to your chosen subject. You may even be asked to complete a small task during the application process.

UK and Europe students decide on their PhD thesis subject area before they apply . While taking classes at a graduate level, prospective PhD students in the USA spend up to a year or two deciding on their specific research subject. It is normal to apply for up to six institutions for a PhD in the USA, and students apply to each institution separately as there is no central organisation. 

Students in the UK and Europe are expected to apply with an understanding of the subject already, usually in the form of a masters degree, and be ready to start studying at the PhD level straight away. In the USA it is expected that students do not have an in-depth understanding of their subject as they usually only have an undergraduate degree when they apply. 

When should I start applying for a PhD in the USA?

Deadlines for applications to PhD programs in the USA tend to be between December and February, and institutions should let you know about your application by April. Most US institutions recommend that you apply as far in advance as you possibly can to give them, and you, plenty of time to make arrangements. 

Universities in the USA do not require a masters for you to apply as well. Because of the graduate programs in the US, you will receive your masters degree once you have completed your coursework stage. This practice combines the masters and PhD into one.

It varies from institution to institution, but international students in the USA are required to have a TOEFL score of about 90.

Funding your PhD in USA

PhD students are very likely to receive financial support in the form of PhD scholarships ; some USA PhD students also receive PhD studentships .

Making your PhD application in plenty of time allows you more time to apply for and arrange your PhD funding. Many students find that funding can cover much, or all, of the cost of their PhD studies in the USA, which ranges between $28,000 and $40,000. Deadlines for funding applications can be as early as December before starting your studies in the Autumn/Fall. 

There are two types of PhD funding: fully funded, which pays for the student's graduate school tuition fees, accommodation, and living expenses, or partially funded, which pays for the student's tuition only partially or fully.

Can a PhD be fully funded?

Yes, many top universities in the USA offer fully funded PhD programs for eligible students. This funding pays for the student's graduate school tuition fees, accommodation and living expenses. Partially funded PhDs only cover the student's tuition in part or in full.

Some PhD students will receive a stipend from their institution with an assistantship position, but this varies between institutions and between departments within institutions. Other students can find funding from both their own and the American government, and there are plenty of American government schemes like The Fulbright Program that offer funds.

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How long does it take to study a PhD in the USA?

For part-time students in the USA, a PhD can take eight to ten years, but it usually takes five to six years for full-time students. PhDs can be completed in four to five years rather than five or six for students with a masters degree in an appropriate subject.

Top 10 ranked American universities

Based on 2024 Times Higher Education's World University Rankings data, the following table shows which US universities rank the highest.

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Explore a range of online doctoral programs, including Ph.D. degrees, that offer accelerated paths, reduced residency requirements, and flexible online learning options.

Find Your School in 5 Minutes or Less

Many schools have rolling admissions, which means you can start a program in a few weeks!

Many degree programs fall under the title of doctorate, including Doctor of Philosophy degrees or Ph.D.

These Ph.D. degree programs are available in a variety of subjects and are intended to help students understand their specialty in the abstract and as a school of thought and theory rather than strictly as a practice.

Institutions that offer the best programs typically have exceptional funding, prestigious reputations, top-of-the-line research facilities, and abundant academic resources.

When selecting one of the shortest online doctoral programs or easiest online Ph.D. programs, you can access more info by visiting the links provided in each school description to ensure that you find the best program for you!

The easiest isn't always the shortest nor the shortest the easiest.

1-year Online Doctoral Programs | 18 Month Doctorate Programs Without Dissertation | Shortest Doctoral Programs Online and On-campus | Easiest Ph.D. to Get Online | Easiest PhD to Get (Traditional) | Free PhD Programs Online

Doctorate Degree vs PhD

• Ph.D. programs focus more on the theoretical and abstract aspects of their respective fields of study to understand it as a school of thought rather than just a practical application.
• Usual doctorate programs tend to be more practical in their study and focus on the application of knowledge rather than understanding more abstract perspectives.
• Ph.D. degrees are often offered in the same fields that have standard doctoral degrees available usually offered in fields such as engineering, mathematics, natural sciences, social sciences, and humanities.
• Doctorate programs are made up of advanced coursework, research projects, or thesis work almost strictly for practical application.
• Ph.D. and Doctorate degrees can often achieve the same ends and should be considered more or less equal in weight.

1 Year Ph.D. Programs Online

Find your match.

Program: Online DNP (Doctor of Nursing Practice)

Credits: 36

Clinical Hours: 1,000

Key Features: Synchronous online classes, immersive clinicals nationwide, Family Nurse Practitioner certification eligibility

Chatham offers a 1-year online DNP program for working nurses seeking advanced leadership roles. The intensive curriculum covers care delivery models, quality improvement, evidence-based practice, and informational systems. The program features synchronous online classes and immersive clinicals at sites nationwide. Students collaborate virtually with renowned faculty.

Within 12 months, students complete 36 credits and 1,000 clinical hours. Graduates can sit for Family Nurse Practitioner certification. Nurses with a BSN can enter the accelerated program. Applicants need an active RN license. This online DNP empowers nurses to rapidly earn doctoral credentials while working. It prepares graduates to advance as clinical, executive, research, and teaching leaders.

Program: Online PhD in Grief Counseling

Department: Ethereal Studies

Key Features: Asynchronous learning, live classes, dissertation completion in one year

Breyer State Theology University offers a 1-year online PhD in Grief Counseling through its Department of Ethereal Studies. This accelerated program is tailored for working professionals seeking to advance their bereavement therapy career. The curriculum covers advanced grief counseling theories and interventions for diverse populations. Students gain expertise in areas like trauma-informed care, healing rituals, afterlife philosophies, and continuing bonds.

The online format combines asynchronous learning with live classes in an intimate cohort overseen by esteemed faculty. Students complete their dissertation in just one year. Graduates earn a PhD from BSU's pioneering metaphysical psychology department. This flexible doctoral program prepares students to progress their counseling practice or pursue academic research roles.

Programs: Various online doctoral degrees

PhD Tracks: Philosophy of Islamic Studies, Business Administration, Education, Finance, Grief Counseling

Professional Doctorates: Divinity, Sacred Music, Spiritual Psychotherapy

Key Features: Video lectures, discussions, immersive retreats

American International Theism University (AITU) offers one-year online doctoral degrees for working professionals. Accelerated PhD tracks include Philosophy of Islamic Studies, Business Administration, Education, Finance, and Grief Counseling. Professional doctorates prepare leaders in Divinity, Sacred Music, Spiritual Psychotherapy, and more. The online programs blend video lectures, discussions, and immersive retreats. Curricula explore metaphysics, ethics, and wisdom traditions across faiths.

Within 12 months, students complete doctoral coursework, exams, and a dissertation overseen by distinguished faculty. Applicants should hold a relevant master's degree and background in theological studies or social sciences. These intensive online doctoral programs allow students to rapidly earn advanced credentials through flexible study with global peers. Graduates pursue roles driving innovation in spiritual care, research, and leadership.

Online Doctorate Programs That Might Interest You

15-18 month doctorate programs without dissertation.

Program: Post-Professional Doctor of Occupational Therapy

Credits: 33-37

Courses: 10

Key Features: Fully online, 7-week accelerated courses, no dissertation required

Boston University offers a Post-Professional Doctor of Occupational Therapy degree program that can be completed in 18 months. Students may concentrate on various areas and can choose what else they would prefer to learn to complete their credit requirements.

This is a fully online degree program that accelerates each semester's worth of class to take only seven weeks to complete with new courses starting every September, January, and May. The program is available to doctoral students who have completed an accredited occupational therapy program. There are foundation courses, which include evidence-based practice and health care management, but no dissertation is necessary whereas a doctoral project is still required.

Program: Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP)

Credits: 33

Key Features: Online program, no GMAT/GRE required, no clinical hours

The Maryville University of St. Louis offers a Doctor of Nursing (DNP) program that is available online. The DNP program requires students to complete a total of 33 credit hours, including 18 to 20 months for completion. Many students in the online DNP program are working as nurses in the field, and this affords them a flexible program that allows many students to achieve their academic goals while active in the healthcare industry.

This course is an online program that does not require a GMAT or GRE. It may have a waiting list, but unlike other programs, it does not require clinical hours. The Doctorate in Higher Education Leadership is an online program that offers personal coaching throughout the process. It is a cohort learning method with online education, and students might need a bit more time to complete it.

Offerings: Higher Education Leadership, Educational Leadership, Nursing Practice, Health Administration, Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy

Key Features: Live online classes, self-paced learning, virtual labs and simulations

Maryville University offers online doctoral degrees tailored for working professionals. Programs available fully online include Doctorates in Higher Education Leadership, Educational Leadership, Nursing Practice, Health Administration, Physical Therapy, and Occupational Therapy. The EdD programs prepare graduates for leadership and faculty roles in education. The DNP equips nurses for advanced clinical and executive practice.

Health Administration focuses on healthcare organizational development, quality, and finance. Licensed PTs and OTs can pursue clinical doctorates while working. Courses blend live online classes and self-paced learning. Programs leverage cutting-edge virtual labs and simulations. With a relevant master's degree, students can earn an accredited doctorate from Maryville University online to advance their careers.

24 Month Doctorate Programs

Program: Transitional Doctoral Program in Physical Therapy

Key Features: Fully online, part-time program, workplace application credits

One option is to earn an online Ph.D. in Nursing, while another option is to earn their Medical Degree at the same time as their online Master of Business Administration , but the Transitional Doctoral Program in Physical therapy may be earned in 24 months fully online. This part-time program provides online learning courses to help licensed physical therapists enhance their skills and gain access to higher career options. Some credits can be earned through workplace applications.

Offerings: EdD tracks in Organizational Leadership, Higher Education Leadership, K-12 Leadership, plus psychology, nursing, business, and more

Key Features: Asynchronous and live virtual classes, personalized faculty support, robust digital resources

Grand Canyon University offers over a dozen online doctoral degrees tailored for working professionals. GCU provides online EdD tracks in Organizational Leadership, Higher Education Leadership, and K-12 Leadership. Other doctorates cover psychology, nursing, business, and more. Programs blend asynchronous and live virtual classes focused on applying concepts. Specialized tracks allow customization.

Online students get personalized faculty support and access to robust digital resources. Within 2 years (or less), learners complete coursework, residencies, exams, and a dissertation to earn an accredited doctoral degree from GCU. With flexible and practical curricula, GCU enables busy professionals to obtain doctorates fully online and further their careers.

Program: Doctor of Education

Credits: 54

Key Features: Fully online, 8-week courses, no dissertation required

Liberty University offers a Doctor of Education degree program that can be completed fully online. The minimum time to earn the degree is about 30 months for completion of all 54 credits. The courses are each 8 weeks long and no dissertation is required. The Doctor of Education degree program provides a curriculum that focuses on developing innovative programs, as well as a capstone project.

Offerings: School Improvement, Nursing Education, Professional Counseling and Supervision, Higher Education Administration

Key Features: Synchronous evening classes, self-paced learning, experiential projects

The University of West Georgia offers several online doctoral degree options for working professionals seeking advanced training. UWG provides online doctorates in School Improvement, Nursing Education, Professional Counseling and Supervision, and Higher Education Administration. The EdD programs focus on data-driven leadership strategies and developing administrative expertise.

The DNP prepares nurses to improve care systems and patient outcomes. Coursework blends synchronous evening classes and self-paced learning for flexibility. Experiential projects allow application to careers. With a relevant master's degree, students can earn an accredited doctorate fully online from UWG to advance as leaders in their field.

Shortest Ph.D. Programs Online and On-campus

Obtaining a Ph.D. can be a long-term commitment and many doctoral programs can take over five years to complete. To help busy working professionals looking to jumpstart their careers and those looking to begin their careers at a high level, this list serves as a simple reference guide, compiling information on some of the shortest doctoral programs in the country.

These online degree programs operate in full-time, part-time, fully online, or hybrid formats.

• Baylor University - online EdD in Learning and Organizational Change, 54 credits, 36 months
• Maryville University - online Doctor of Nursing Practice (Online DNP), 20 months, no GRE or no GMAT requirement
• University of Dayton - online Doctor of Education (Ed.D.) in Leadership for Organizations, 36 months, 60 credits
• Capella University - online Doctor of Philosophy in Counselor Education and Supervision, 0 max transfer credits, 60 credits, CACREP accredited
• Franklin University - online Doctor of Business Administration (DBA), 58 credit hours, transfer up to 24 hours of previously earned credit, 36 months + 1 year for dissertation
• Walden University - online Ph.D. in Forensic Psychology, up to 53 credits, fast-track option, earn MPhil at the same time
• Frontier Nursing University - online Doctor of Nursing Practice, MSN with DNP, 675 clinical hours for MSN plus 360 additional for DNP
• Boston University - Online Post-Professional Doctor of Occupational Therapy, PP-OTD, 33-37 credits
• University of Florida - online MSN to DNP, 35 credits, five semesters
• Gwynedd Mercy University - Accelerated Executive Doctorate of Education ABD (All But Dissertation) Completion Program, online EdD , 27 credit hours, 18 months
• Duquesne University - Online Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP), 35 credit hours
• The College of St. Scholastica - Transitional Doctor of Physical Therapy, online tDPT, 16 credits
• Liberty Univesity - Doctor of Ministry, online DMin, 30 credit hours, 24 months
• University of Florida - Doctor of Nursing Practice, MSN to DNP, 35 credits, 5 semesters
• University of North Dakota - Post-Master's Doctor of Nursing Practice, online DNP, 36 credit hours, 5 semesters
• Seton Hall University - Doctor of Nursing Practice, online DNP, 31+ credits for post-MSN students, 73-79 credits for post-BSN students
• Regis University - Doctor of Nursing Practice, online DNP , 28-33 credit hours, 8-week terms
• Georgia State University - Curriculum and Instruction EdD, Educational Leadership EdD, on-campus EdD, 54 credit hours
• Bowling Green State University   - Technology Management, web-based Ph.D., 66 credit hours
• Hampton University - Doctor of Philosophy in Educational Management, online Ph.D., 60 credit hours
• Indiana University of Pennsylvania - Safety Sciences, online Ph.D., 54 credit hours
• East Carolina University   - Doctor of Nursing Practice, hybrid online DNP

Easiest Ph.D. Programs Online & On-Campus

To be sure, at the Ph.D. level, no program could be considered "easy," but there are certain programs designed to be "easier" than others. Generally, education, humanities, and the social sciences are considered the easiest fields in which to pursue degrees.

With that in mind, our list of the easiest Ph.D. programs includes schools and programs that offer significantly reduced residency requirements, accelerated courses, credit transfers, and integrated dissertation colloquia.

The rankings below display schools with accreditation from at least one of the six regional accrediting agencies , and all offer at least one virtual Ph.D. degree. Accredited online Ph.D. programs are also organized according to the U.S. News and World Report and Forbes Magazine rankings.

Easiest Online Ph.D. Programs & Online Doctoral Programs

• WALDEN UNIVERSITY - 156 Online Doctoral Programs
• REGENT UNIVERSITY - 81 online doctorate degrees, 6 Ph.D. programs online
• HAMPTON UNIVERSITY - 5 online doctoral degree programs
• UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA - 8 online doctoral degree programs
• UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI - 4 online doctorate programs
• COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY - 3 online Ph.D. programs, 1 online doctoral program
• UNIVERSITY OF NORTH DAKOTA - 12 online Ph.D. programs, 3 online doctoral programs
• NOVA SOUTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY -  10 online doctorate programs, 8 online Ph.D. programs
• LIBERTY UNIVERSITY -  19 online Ph.D. programs, 16 online doctorate programs

Easiest Ph.D. to Get (Traditional)

The easiest doctorate degree can vary depending on your interests, skills, and strengths. However, here is a list of doctorate degrees that are mentioned as potentially less difficult to obtain.

Focus: Business development, design, methods, tools, and professional ethics

Career Path: Advanced positions in business

Specializations: Human behavior, social psychology, counseling supervision, specific therapy approaches

Career Path: Advanced opportunities in healthcare and social services

Skills Developed: Research skills, data analysis in criminal justice

Career Paths: Emergency management, forensic departments, information security sectors

Focus: Enhancing educational research skills, preparing for leadership roles

Career Paths: Administrative positions in universities, professional departments, elementary and secondary schools

Topics Covered: Policies, ethics, group management, hospital administration, advanced patient care

Career Path: Leadership roles in the business aspect of the medical industry

Focus: Policies, legislation, rights, ethics, and protocols for serving within human services organizations

Career Path: Leadership positions in organizations helping underserved populations

Areas Covered: Financial management, system management, conflict management, human resources management

Application: Practical skills applicable to various industry settings

Skills Developed: Managerial and strategic planning skills for administrative roles

Coursework: Ethics of management, public policy, strategic planning, performance management, employee evaluation, economics of administration

Focus: Advanced training and research skills for the healthcare industry

Emphasis: Leadership and management roles, innovative thinking, communication mastery

Focus: Theory, ethics, research, and practice in public service programs

Skills Developed: Analyzing and proposing policies to improve communities and societies

Combination: Research skills with professional practice

Career Paths: Addictions counselors, applied researchers, professional consultants, clinical psychologists

Focus: Divine and spiritual traditions through academics, research, and religious studies

Career Paths: Professors, social service managers, private school teachers, directors of religious education

Please note that the difficulty of a doctorate degree can vary depending on individual circumstances, personal strengths, and the specific requirements of each program. It's important to thoroughly research and consider your interests, skills, and career goals before deciding on a doctorate program.

Free Ph.D. Programs Online (Fully Funded)

According to Best-Universities.net .

• Brown University Fully-funded Ph.D. program in computer science
• University of Houston-Downtown Full scholarship program for online doctorate
• Devry University Comprehensive scholarship program for online degrees
• University of Maryland-Baltimore County Full scholarship program for online undergraduate and graduate degrees
• Wilson Community College Full scholarship program for community college students
• University of Leeds Up to 30 fully-funded online Ph.D. programs
• University of the Witwatersrand Comprehensive scholarship program for online bachelor's or master's degrees
• The University of Texas at Dallas Full scholarship program for online bachelor's, master's, or doctoral degrees
• University of Strathclyde Full scholarship program for online undergraduate or master's degrees
• Emory University Fully-funded online Ph.D. program in economics
• New York University Fully-funded Ph.D. program in childhood education
• University of Pennsylvania Fully-funded online Ph.D. program in educational leadership and policy

If you're not looking for an accelerated program , the list below displays some of the best traditional Ph.D. programs in the country, according to Study.com.

Best Ph.D. Programs in the U.S.

Guide to Online Doctorate Degrees

Fewer positions requiring this advanced level qualification and reduced competition for such job opportunities among job seekers are some of the reasons behind the few doctoral graduates.

With technological advancements in almost all areas of life, acquiring education, a significantly advanced level of education has become more accessible. Graduate students now do not have to attend physical classes to pursue their dreams of developing and advancing their skills.

You can pursue your doctorate in the comfort of your home or even your office.

There was a 20% growth in students granted doctorate degrees between the 2009/2010 and 2019/2020 academic years, according to NCES. This growth has been attributed in part to online Ph.D. programs and the streamlining of modern universities.

Online Ph.D. programs are a relatively newer idea and online schooling in general has greatly increased access, flexibility, and convenience.

Students typically complete these degrees soon after completing a Master's degree in the same area. As such, and with bachelor's degrees being necessary stepping stones, students can expect their journey from primary school to a Ph.D. to take about nine years, barring any accelerated tracks and failed classes.

Cost of an Online Doctoral Degree Program

When choosing any doctoral degree program, it is crucial to evaluate the costs and salary after attending. Even though online Ph.D. courses may usually be cheaper than on-campus learning, secondary schooling is rarely cheap and not every field will allow you to make back the cost in a reasonable amount of time.

Tuition, materials, technology, transportation, housing, and groceries should all be factors brought into account when deciding whether or where to attend, and in what field you can find the most success and fulfillment.

Below are the annual tuition rates of different institutions as reported by the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES).

Choosing an Online Doctoral Degree Program

Since doctoral programs require considerable investments of money and time, it is important to consider every factor before deciding on a school or program. Take some time to consider the marketability, cost, and difficulty of each program and your own interest in the subject. To reach your career and educational goals, do your best research.

How Long Does it Take to Get a PhD

• The length of a Ph.D. program can vary, but it typically takes 3 to 6 years to complete.
• A Ph.D. program typically takes 5 to 6 years in the United States.
• A Ph.D. program typically takes 3 to 4 years in the UK and many other European countries.
• The actual length of a Ph.D. program can be influenced by many factors, including the nature of the research, the student's progress, the advisor's availability, and funding considerations.
• Some students may finish in less time, while others may take longer.
• Part-time Ph.D. programs are also available, which can take longer to complete.

Here is a table summarizing the length of Ph.D. programs in different countries:

Top 50 Doctorate-Granting Institutions in 2022

This table presents data from the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics (NSF 24-300) on the top 50 doctorate-granting institutions in the United States, ranked by the total number of research doctorate recipients in 2022. The data is broken down by total doctorates awarded and the number awarded to male and female recipients.

Note: Includes doctorate recipients who did not report sex. Tied institutions are listed alphabetically.

Source: National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Earned Doctorates.

Top 30 States by Doctorate Recipients in 2022

This table presents data from the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics (NSF 24-300) on the number of research doctorate recipients for the top 30 states or locations in 2022. The data is broken down by total doctorates awarded, sex, and field of study (science and engineering vs. non-science and engineering).

Note: Includes doctorate recipients who did not report sex. S&E stands for Science and Engineering.

National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Earned Doctorates.

Frequently Asked Questions about Doctoral Programs

A Ph.D. (Doctor of Philosophy) is typically research-oriented and focuses on contributing new knowledge to a field through original research. It's often pursued by those interested in academia or research careers.

A professional doctorate (e.g., Ed.D., D.B.A., Psy.D.) is more practice-oriented and focuses on applying existing knowledge to solve real-world problems in a specific profession. It's often pursued by those looking to advance in their professional careers.

The duration can vary, but typically:

• In the U.S., Ph.D. programs usually take 5-6 years to complete.
• In the UK and many European countries, it's often 3-4 years.
• Part-time programs can take 6-8 years or more.

The actual time can depend on factors like research progress, funding, and individual circumstances.

Common requirements include:

• A master's degree (some programs accept exceptional students with only a bachelor's)
• High GPA (often 3.0 or higher)
• GRE or GMAT scores (some programs are waiving this requirement)
• Letters of recommendation
• Statement of purpose or research proposal
• CV or resume
• Writing sample (for some programs)

Specific requirements can vary by program and institution.

Yes, it's possible to work while pursuing a doctoral degree, especially with the increasing availability of part-time and online programs. However, balancing work and study can be challenging due to the intensive nature of doctoral research.

Many full-time Ph.D. students work as teaching or research assistants within their university. Some programs, especially professional doctorates, are designed for working professionals and offer more flexible schedules.

Funding options can include:

• Fellowships and scholarships
• Teaching or research assistantships
• Grants (from the university, government, or private organizations)
• Employer tuition assistance
• Federal student loans
• Work-study programs

Many Ph.D. programs offer full funding packages to their students, which may include tuition waivers and stipends.

Online PhD Programs for You

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• Wharton Online

How the PhD Program Works

Program Overview

Completing your doctorate at Wharton requires 5 years of full-time study. The first 2 years in the program prepare you for admission to candidacy by taking courses, qualifying exams, and starting research projects. In the last few years, you are primarily conducting research full-time including writing and defending your doctoral dissertation.

Admission to candidacy.

You begin by taking courses required for your program of study. All programs requires a preliminary exam, which may be either oral or written.

Some programs may have further requirements, such as an additional exam or research paper. If you enter with a master’s degree or other transfer credit, you may satisfy the formal course requirements more quickly.

Beginning the Wharton PhD Curriculum How the first two years of the Wharton program helped students discover their interests, learn the tools of the profession, and fuel their passion for teaching.

The Doctoral Dissertation

Upon successful completion of coursework and passing a preliminary examination, you are admitted to candidacy for the dissertation phase of your studies.

Your doctoral dissertation should contain original research that meets standards for published scholarship in your field. You are expected to be an expert in the topic you choose to research.

You are admitted to candidacy for the dissertation phase of your studies upon successful completion of coursework and passing a preliminary examination, but you can start thinking about and working on research of relevance at any time.

The dissertation process culminates with a “defense,” in which you defend the proposal orally before your dissertation committee.

While working on your dissertation, you interact extensively with Wharton faculty. Together with interested faculty, you create your own research community that includes your dissertation advisor and dissertation committee.

Policies and Procedures

Get more detailed explanation of course requirements, academic standards, the Teacher Development Program, time limits, and dissertation procedures and requirements.

Sample Program Sequence

Years 1 & 2.

Coursework Examination Research Papers Research Activities Field-Specific Requirements

Directed Reading & Research Admission to Candidacy Formulation of Research Topic

Years 4 & 5

Continued Research Oral Examination Dissertation

Hear From Our Doctoral Community

From undergrad to phd, how this phd student discovered a dynamic research community at wharton, from research consumer to research producer.

Smart. Open. Grounded. Inventive. Read our Ideas Made to Matter.

Which program is right for you?

Through intellectual rigor and experiential learning, this full-time, two-year MBA program develops leaders who make a difference in the world.

Earn your MBA and SM in engineering with this transformative two-year program.

A rigorous, hands-on program that prepares adaptive problem solvers for premier finance careers.

A 12-month program focused on applying the tools of modern data science, optimization and machine learning to solve real-world business problems.

Combine an international MBA with a deep dive into management science. A special opportunity for partner and affiliate schools only.

A doctoral program that produces outstanding scholars who are leading in their fields of research.

Bring a business perspective to your technical and quantitative expertise with a bachelor’s degree in management, business analytics, or finance.

Apply now and work for two to five years. We'll save you a seat in our MBA class when you're ready to come back to campus for your degree.

Executive Programs

The 20-month program teaches the science of management to mid-career leaders who want to move from success to significance.

A full-time MBA program for mid-career leaders eager to dedicate one year of discovery for a lifetime of impact.

A joint program for mid-career professionals that integrates engineering and systems thinking. Earn your master’s degree in engineering and management.

Non-degree programs for senior executives and high-potential managers.

A non-degree, customizable program for mid-career professionals.

PhD Program

Program overview.

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Rigorous, discipline-based research is the hallmark of the MIT Sloan PhD Program. The program is committed to educating scholars who will lead in their fields of research—those with outstanding intellectual skills who will carry forward productive research on the complex organizational, financial, and technological issues that characterize an increasingly competitive and challenging business world.

Start here.

Learn more about the program, how to apply, and find answers to common questions.

Admissions Events

Check out our event schedule, and learn when you can chat with us in person or online.

Start Your Application

Visit this section to find important admissions deadlines, along with a link to our application.

Click here for answers to many of the most frequently asked questions.

PhD studies at MIT Sloan are intense and individual in nature, demanding a great deal of time, initiative, and discipline from every candidate. But the rewards of such rigor are tremendous:  MIT Sloan PhD graduates go on to teach and conduct research at the world's most prestigious universities.

PhD Program curriculum at MIT Sloan is organized under the following three academic areas: Behavior & Policy Sciences; Economics, Finance & Accounting; and Management Science. Our nine research groups correspond with one of the academic areas, as noted below.

MIT Sloan PhD Research Groups

Behavioral & policy sciences.

Economic Sociology

Institute for Work & Employment Research

Organization Studies

Technological Innovation, Entrepreneurship & Strategic Management

Economics, Finance & Accounting

Accounting  

Management Science

Information Technology

System Dynamics  

Those interested in a PhD in Operations Research should visit the Operations Research Center .  

PhD Program Structure

Additional information including coursework and thesis requirements.

MIT Sloan Predoctoral Opportunities

MIT Sloan is eager to provide a diverse group of talented students with early-career exposure to research techniques as well as support in considering research career paths.

Rising Scholars Conference

The fourth annual Rising Scholars Conference on October 25 and 26 gathers diverse PhD students from across the country to present their research.

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The goal of the MIT Sloan PhD Program's admissions process is to select a small number of people who are most likely to successfully complete our rigorous and demanding program and then thrive in academic research careers. The admission selection process is highly competitive; we aim for a class size of nineteen students, admitted from a pool of hundreds of applicants.

What We Seek

• Outstanding intellectual ability
• Excellent academic records
• Previous work in disciplines related to the intended area of concentration
• Strong commitment to a career in research

MIT Sloan PhD Program Admissions Requirements Common Questions

Dates and Deadlines

The 2025 application for admission is live and can be accessed here . The deadline for submission of all materials is December 1, 2024.

More information on program requirements and application components

Students in good academic standing in our program receive a funding package that includes tuition, medical insurance, and a fellowship stipend and/or TA/RA salary. We also provide a new laptop computer and a conference travel/research budget.

Funding Information

Throughout the year, we organize events that give you a chance to learn more about the program and determine if a PhD in Management is right for you.

PhD Program Events

Docnet recruiting forum at university of minnesota.

We will be joining the DocNet consortium for an overview of business academia and a recruitment fair at University of Minnesota, Carlson School of Management.

September 25 PhD Program Overview

During this webinar, you will hear from the PhD Program team and have the chance to ask questions about the application and admissions process.

DocNet Recruiting Forum - David Eccles School of Business

MIT Sloan PhD Program will be joining the DocNet consortium for an overview of business academia and a recruitment fair at Utah, David Eccles School of Business.

October PhD Program Overview

Complete PhD Admissions Event Calendar

Unlike formulaic approaches to training scholars, the PhD Program at MIT Sloan allows students to choose their own adventure and develop a unique scholarly identity. This can be daunting, but students are given a wide range of support along the way - most notably having access to world class faculty and coursework both at MIT and in the broader academic community around Boston.

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Profiles of our current students

MIT Sloan produces top-notch PhDs in management. Immersed in MIT Sloan's distinctive culture, upcoming graduates are poised to innovate in management research and education.

Academic Job Market

Doctoral candidates on the current academic market

Academic Placements

Graduates of the MIT Sloan PhD Program are researching and teaching at top schools around the world.

view recent placements 

MIT Sloan Experience

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The PhD Program is integral to the research of MIT Sloan's world-class faculty. With a reputation as risk-takers who are unafraid to embrace the unconventional, they are engaged in exciting disciplinary and interdisciplinary research that often includes PhD students as key team members.

Research centers across MIT Sloan and MIT provide a rich setting for collaboration and exploration. In addition to exposure to the faculty, PhD students also learn from one another in a creative, supportive research community.

Throughout MIT Sloan's history, our professors have devised theories and fields of study that have had a profound impact on management theory and practice.

From Douglas McGregor's Theory X/Theory Y distinction to Nobel-recognized breakthroughs in finance by Franco Modigliani and in option pricing by Robert Merton and Myron Scholes, MIT Sloan's faculty have been unmatched innovators.

This legacy of innovative thinking and dedication to research impacts every faculty member and filters down to the students who work beside them.

Faculty Links

• Accounting Faculty
• Economic Sociology Faculty
• Finance Faculty
• Information Technology Faculty
• Institute for Work and Employment Research (IWER) Faculty
• Marketing Faculty
• Organization Studies Faculty
• System Dynamics Faculty
• Technological Innovation, Entrepreneurship, and Strategic Management (TIES) Faculty

Student Research

“MIT Sloan PhD training is a transformative experience. The heart of the process is the student’s transition from being a consumer of knowledge to being a producer of knowledge. This involves learning to ask precise, tractable questions and addressing them with creativity and rigor. Hard work is required, but the reward is the incomparable exhilaration one feels from having solved a puzzle that had bedeviled the sharpest minds in the world!” -Ezra Zuckerman Sivan Alvin J. Siteman (1948) Professor of Entrepreneurship

Sample Dissertation Abstracts - These sample Dissertation Abstracts provide examples of the work that our students have chosen to study while in the MIT Sloan PhD Program.

We believe that our doctoral program is the heart of MIT Sloan's research community and that it develops some of the best management researchers in the world. At our annual Doctoral Research Forum, we celebrate the great research that our doctoral students do, and the research community that supports that development process.

The videos of their presentations below showcase the work of our students and will give you insight into the topics they choose to research in the program.

Attention To Retention: The Informativeness of Insiders’ Decision to Retain Shares

2024 PhD Doctoral Research Forum Winner - Gabriel Voelcker

Watch more MIT Sloan PhD Program  Doctoral Forum Videos

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Faculty Directory

Meet our faculty.

PhD in Population Health Sciences

Prepare for a high-impact career tackling public health problems from air pollution to obesity to global health equity to the social determinants of health.

The PhD in population health sciences is a multidisciplinary research degree that will prepare you for a career focused on challenges and solutions that affect the lives of millions around the globe. Collaborating with colleagues from diverse personal and professional backgrounds and conducting field and/or laboratory research projects of your own design, you will gain the deep expertise and powerful analytical and quantitative tools needed to tackle a wide range of complex, large-scale public health problems.

Focusing on one of five complementary fields of study at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health and drawing on courses, resources, and faculty from the Harvard Kenneth C. Griffin Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, you will become well-versed in a wide variety of disciplines while gaining specialized knowledge in your chosen area of study.

As a population health sciences graduate, you will be prepared for a career in research, academics, or practice, tackling complex diseases and health problems that affect entire populations. Those interested in pursuing research may go on to work at a government agency or international organization, or in the private sector at a consulting, biotech, or pharmaceutical firm. Others may choose to pursue practice or on-the-ground interventions. Those interested in academics may become a faculty member in a college, university, medical school, research institute, or school of public health.

The PhD in population health sciences is a four-year program based at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health in the world-renowned Longwood Medical Area of Boston, Massachusetts. The degree will prepare you to apply diverse approaches to solving difficult public health research issues in your choice of one of five primary fields of study:

• Environmental health
• Epidemiology
• Social and behavioral sciences
• Global health and population

In your first semester, you and your faculty adviser will design a degree plan to guide you through the program’s interdisciplinary requirements and core courses, as well as those in your chosen field of study. After successfully completing the preliminary qualifying examination, usually at the end of your second year, you will finalize your general research topics and identify a dissertation adviser who will mentor you through the dissertation process and help you nominate a dissertation advisory committee.

All population health sciences students are trained in pedagogy and teaching and are required to work as a teaching fellow and/or research assistant to ensure they gain meaningful teaching and research experience before graduation. Students also attend a special weekly evening seminar that features prominent lecturers, grant-writing modules, feedback dinners, and training opportunities.

All students, including international students, who maintain satisfactory progress (B+ or above) receive a multiyear funding package, which includes tuition, fees , and a competitive stipend.

WHO SHOULD APPLY?

Anyone with a distinguished undergraduate record and a demonstrated enthusiasm for the rigorous pursuit of scientific public health knowledge is encouraged to apply. Although a previous graduate degree is not required, applicants should have successfully completed coursework in introductory statistics or quantitative methods. Preference will be given to applicants who have either some relevant work experience or graduate-level work in their desired primary field of study.

APPLICATION PROCESS

Like all PhD (doctor of philosophy) programs at the School, the PhD in population health sciences is offered under the aegis of the Harvard Kenneth C. Griffin Graduate School of Arts and Sciences (Harvard Griffin GSAS). Applications are processed through the Harvard Griffin GSAS online application system located at gsas.harvard.edu/admissions/apply.

OUR COMMUNITY: COMMITTED, ACCOMPLISHED, COLLABORATIVE

As a PhD in population health sciences candidate, you will be part of a diverse and accomplished group of students with a broad range of research and other interests. The opportunity to learn from each other and to share ideas both inside and outside the classroom will be one of the most rewarding and productive parts of the program for any successful candidate. The program in population health sciences provides these opportunities by sponsoring an informal curriculum of seminars, a dedicated student gathering and study area, and events that will enhance your knowledge, foster interaction with your peers, and encourage you to cooperatively evaluate scientific literature, while providing a supportive, collaborative community within which to pursue your degree.

As members of both the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health and the Harvard Kenneth C. Griffin Graduate School of Arts and Sciences communities, students have access to the Cambridge and Longwood Medical Area campuses. Students also qualify for affordable transportation options, access to numerous lectures and academic seminars, and a wealth of services to support their academic and personal needs on both sides of the Charles River.

LEARN MORE Population Health Sciences Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health www.hsph.harvard.edu/phdphs

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Students in our PhD programs are encouraged from day one to think of this experience as their first job in business academia—a training ground for a challenging and rewarding career generating rigorous, relevant research that influences practice.

Our doctoral students work with faculty and access resources throughout HBS and Harvard University. The PhD program curriculum requires coursework at HBS and other Harvard discipline departments, and with HBS and Harvard faculty on advisory committees. Faculty throughout Harvard guide the programs through their participation on advisory committees.

How do I know which program is right for me?

There are many paths, but we are one HBS. Our PhD students draw on diverse personal and professional backgrounds to pursue an ever-expanding range of research topics. Explore more here about each program’s requirements & curriculum, read student profiles for each discipline as well as student research , and placement information.

The PhD in Business Administration grounds students in the disciplinary theories and research methods that form the foundation of an academic career. Jointly administered by HBS and GSAS, the program has four areas of study: Accounting and Management , Marketing , Strategy , and Technology and Operations Management . All areas of study involve roughly two years of coursework culminating in a field exam. The remaining years of the program are spent conducting independent research, working on co-authored publications, and writing the dissertation. Students join these programs from a wide range of backgrounds, from consulting to engineering. Many applicants possess liberal arts degrees, as there is not a requirement to possess a business degree before joining the program

The PhD in Business Economics provides students the opportunity to study in both Harvard’s world-class Economics Department and Harvard Business School. Throughout the program, coursework includes exploration of microeconomic theory, macroeconomic theory, probability and statistics, and econometrics. While some students join the Business Economics program directly from undergraduate or masters programs, others have worked in economic consulting firms or as research assistants at universities or intergovernmental organizations.

The PhD program in Health Policy (Management) is rooted in data-driven research on the managerial, operational, and strategic issues facing a wide range of organizations. Coursework includes the study of microeconomic theory, management, research methods, and statistics. The backgrounds of students in this program are quite varied, with some coming from public health or the healthcare industry, while others arrive at the program with a background in disciplinary research

The PhD program in Organizational Behavior offers two tracks: either a micro or macro approach. In the micro track, students focus on the study of interpersonal relationships within organizations and the effects that groups have on individuals. Students in the macro track use sociological methods to examine organizations, groups, and markets as a whole, including topics such as the influence of individuals on organizational change, or the relationship between social missions and financial objectives. Jointly administered by HBS and GSAS, the program includes core disciplinary training in sociology or psychology, as well as additional coursework in organizational behavior.

Accounting & Management  

Business economics  , health policy (management)  , marketing  , organizational behavior  , strategy  , technology & operations management  .

Phd-Study-In-Usa

• Applying for a PhD in the USA

Written by Taru Medha

Applying to a PhD degree in the USA can be quite an extensive and competitive process. Universities want to make sure students end up on the right graduate programmes and therefore put a lot of time and effort into their admissions process. They expect you to do the same with your application.

This doesn't mean that it's harder to get a place on a US PhD degree. But you will need to provide more material and more detail about your existing qualifications than you might be asked for elsewhere.

On this page

When should i apply for a phd in the usa.

US graduate programmes will have specific application deadlines. It’s common for application windows to open between August and December for admission to a PhD in the autumn (or ‘fall’) of the following year.

How should I apply for a PhD in the USA?

Applications for US PhD programmes are made directly to graduate schools. But bear in mind that US graduate schools will often ask for a lot of supplementary material with your application. Most will also charge an admission fee (usually between $50 and $100 ).

Do I need a Masters to apply for a PhD in the USA?

You won’t necessarily need a Masters to apply for a PhD in the USA. American graduate programmes effectively combine Masters and PhD study. Some students actually receive a Masters at the end of their coursework stage.

If you do already have a Masters , you may be able to receive credit for it and spend less time on the coursework stage of your programme. This decision is made by your graduate school, who will decide how relevant your existing degree is.

To apply for a PhD at an American university, you’ll need to submit a list of documents which include:

• academic transcripts;
• personal statement ;
• letters of recommendation;
• research statements – A research statement is different from a research proposal (required if you’re applying for a PhD in most other countries). You’ll only need to give a general sense of your research interests and possible directions you might like to pursue. The specific details for your project will be developed later in your programme and put forward as part of your research prospectus;
• graduate admission tests – They are a more common requirement in the US education system than they are in other countries. They allow your university to assess general skills such as abstract reasoning, problem solving and critical thinking. A number of tests are in use, but the two most common are the Graduate Record Examination (GRE) and the Graduate Management Admissions Test (GMAT) . Some PhD subjects may use other graduate entry tests in place of (or in addition to) the GRE such as the LSAT for Law programmes . You must check with your university to know which test it requires;
• English academic language test - If English is not your first language you may need to submit a score from a recognised body such as TOEFL or IELTS. Your prospective university will be able to tell you which test it prefers (many will accept more than one), and the minimum score, or scores, it requires.

Decision on your PhD application

There are three potential outcomes for a US PhD application. You may be successful , waitlisted or unsuccessful . If you’re successful or unsuccessful, your university will let you know straight away. However, you may also be waitlisted as a second-choice candidate. If the first-choice candidate declines their offer or isn’t able to enrol on the programme, you’ll be offered their place.

Once you’ve heard back from your university and you have a confirmed place, you’re all set to start applying for your student visa! Read our comprehensive guides to know more how a PhD looks like in the US and the funding options at your disposal.

Search for a PhD in the USA

Ready to start looking for your ideal study abroad opportunity? Browse and compare PhD programmes in the USA on FindAPhD.com.

Our postgrad newsletter shares courses, funding news, stories and advice

Taru joined FindAPhD as a Content Writer in 2022. She creates well-researched, thorough content for our guides and blogs, as well as short video content for our social profiles. She has a Bachelors degree in Journalism and Mass Communication from Bennett University in India and completed a Masters degree in Global Journalism from the University of Sheffield in 2021, giving her personal experience with postgraduate study as an international student.

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Everything you need to know about part-time and full-time work as a student or recent graduate in the USA.

Why you'll need health insurance as an international student in the USA and how to find the right plan for you.

Our guide to PhD funding in the USA has information on fully-funded PhD scholarships, as well as other funding options for international and domestic students.

Our guide tells you exactly what kind of visa you need to study a study in the USA and what you need to apply for it.

What's it like to live in the USA during a PhD? Our guide covers accommodation, student living costs, working and other key information.

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PhD in USA: Fees 2024, Top Colleges, Placements & Salaries

You must show your English proficiency by submitting scores for IELTS (7 to 7.5) and TOEFL (90 to 100).  When pursuing your PhD in USA, you've got 10 years to wrap up your thesis even though the program is 6 years. The cost of a PhD in the USA can vary quite a bit, ranging from USD 24,800 to 80,390 (INR 20.6 Lakhs to 66.9 Lakhs) . Though it can be costly, a PhD in USA offers a great return on investment as you can earn salaries ranging from USD 59,506 to USD 92,179 .

Some  top universities to aim for your PhD in the USA are MIT, Harvard University, Stanford University, and University of California, Berkeley. With a doctorate in hand, you can easily get a job at top-notch companies like Apple, Amazon, Microsoft, and more. 

PhD in USA: Program Highlights

Top Universities for PhD in USA

When it comes to pursuing a PhD in USA, there's no shortage of top-notch universities to choose from. Here are a few universities that consistently rank high and offer exceptional programs:

Why study PhD in USA?

Studying for a PhD in the USA is a top choice for many aspiring scholars. Here's why pursuing your doctoral studies in USA might be the best choice:

• PhD in USA is offered by well-ranked and globally accredited universities such as Harvard, MIT, and Stanford. 
• You don't need to spend years working on a master's degree before you can pursue PhD in USA. Some universities in USA offer admission to the PhD program right after bachelor's.
• USA universities offer PhD students generous stipends, scholarships, and fellowships, covering tuition fees and living costs.
• The USA boasts a lower unemployment rate of only 3.9% compared to many other countries.
• Over 280 universities in USA offer PhD programs for engineering, business, arts, or sciences.

The USA is a global innovation, technology, finance, and entertainment powerhouse. Whether you dream of working in Silicon Valley, Wall Street, or Hollywood, studying in the US puts you right in the middle of some of the world's most exciting hubs of opportunity.

So, if you're ready to take your academic journey to the next level and set yourself up for success, a PhD in the USA could be the right choice.

Popular PhD in USA Programs for Indian Students

Some popular programs of PhD in USA for Indian students:-

Course Curriculum

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in USA is a popular degree sought after by many international students. It is considered the highest academic achievement in most fields of study. The PhD program in the USA consists of three main phases:

• Coursework Phase: Involves advanced courses over 1 to 3 years to build foundational knowledge and research skills.
• Preliminary Examination : Assess students' breadth of knowledge in their field after completing coursework.
• Dissertation Phase : Lasts 2 to 8 years for independent research, culminating in a written dissertation.

The duration of the PhD program varies depending on the field of study and the student's academic background. On average, it takes 4 to 8 years to complete a PhD program after obtaining a bachelor's degree. However, students who already hold a master's degree may complete the program in a year or two less, depending on their prior coursework and research experience.

PhD in USA Admission

Admission to most universities in the USA remains open during December and January. Students must submit applications before the deadlines are passed. You can go through the sections below to check the eligibility criteria and other requirements for PhD in USA.

PhD in USA: Eligibility Criteria

As the entry requirements vary within the field of study, it becomes very difficult to group this data into a piece of the overall information. However, the following eligibility criteria are followed by a majority PhD universities in USA:-

• 4-year Bachelor’s degree or Master’s degree
• A minimum GPA of 3 out of 4.
• 2 academic and 1 professional Letter of Recommendation (LOR)
• A 500-750 word Statement of Purpose (SoP)
• Updated Resume or CV
• A valid passport
• F-1 or J-1 US Student Visa
• Valid Passport
• Student Visa

PhD in USA: University Requirements

To get admission to PhD programs in the USA, students must have a minimum GPA of 2.7 to 3.9 based on various universities. Students must also have English language proficiency scores of IELTSand TOEFL. The various requirements for PhD admission in USA in some of the popular universities are tabulated as follows:-

Cost of PhD in USA

Students who wish to get admission to PhD courses in the USA must have enough funds to support their studies in the USA. Based on various top universities offering PhD courses, the total cost of study in the USA is around USD 70,573 to 1,26,163 (INR 58.47 lakhs to 10.45 million) including tuition fees and living costs.

PhD in USA Tuition Fee

The cost of PhD in USA varies with the specialisation or the preferred field of study. However, on average, the annual tuition fees range from USD 24,800 to 80,390 (INR 2.05 to 66.66 lakhs). The following table presents the university-wise distribution of the average tuition costs for opting PhD in USA:-

Cost of Living in USA

USA is the most popular as well as the costliest study abroad destination for PhD in USA as well as other programs. This corresponds to the quality of education, safety, ambience, and health services the country offers. Based on some of the top universities in the USA, students admitted to PhD courses will face an average living cost of USD 45,773 (INR 37.92 lakhs) based on various parameters mentioned below.

PhD in USA with Scholarship

At Universities in the USA, students are offered various scholarships and fellowships allowing students to ease their financial burden. You can check various fellowships offered by US universities in the table below.

Also Check : Education Loans to Study in USA

PhD in USA Placements

After completing the Ph.D. program at Universities in the USA, students are offered various job profiles based on their field of study and research. The average salary offered for various job profiles listed below ranges from USD 59,506 to 92,179 (INR 49.29 to 76.36 lakhs).

PhD in USA: Return on Investment

After completing the PhD programs in the USA, students are placed in various sectors. Graduates from US Universities receive an annual average salary ranging from USD 65,070 to 1,75,090 based on various top universities as mentioned below.

The availability of stipends, scholarships, and fellowships allows students to pursue a PhD in USA without any financial pressure. With an unemployability rate of just 3.9%, the USA allows graduates to work in their core fields after completing the Ph.D. programs. Companies like Apple, Amazon, CISCO, Microsoft, etc. offer students a salary range of USD 59,506 to 92,179 (INR 49.29 to 76.36 lakhs) based on different job profiles. 

Ques. How much does PhD cost in USA?

Ans. The cost of studying PhD in USA includes tuition costs and living costs as mentioned below.

• Tuition cost for PhD in USA ranges from USD 24,800 to 80,390 (INR 2.05 to 66.66 lakhs)
• Living costs for PhD in USA is around USD 45,773 (INR 37.92 lakhs).

Ques. How many years is PhD in USA?

Ans. Students enrolled in US universities have 10 years to complete their doctoral thesis, even though the course duration is 6 years .

Ques. What is the eligibility for PhD in USA?

Ans. To pursue PhD in USA, you must fulfil the below requirements.

• Students must have a bachelors or masters degree in relevant field.
• Students must have secured a GPA 2.7 to 3.9 on a scale of 4 (80-94%).
• Students must have valid scores of IELTS 7.0-7.5, TOEFL 90-100, etc.

Furthermore, for some of the specialisations, candidates will be required to submit GMAT or GRE scores.

Ques. Can I work while pursuing a PhD in USA?

Ans. Individuals pursuing a PhD in USA are allowed to work for a maximum of 20 hours per week on a part-time basis. They may start full-time working during vacations or holidays.

Ques. What are the top PhD programs to study in USA?

Ans. The following are some of the popular streams for pursuing a PhD in USA:-

• Engineering
• Biological Sciences

Ques. What can I do after completing a PhD in USA?

Ans. After pursuing a Ph.D. program in USA candidates may work under the following job profiles:-

• Research Scientist
• Data Analyst
• Assistant Research Engineer
• Teaching Assistant Professor
• Field Biologist
• Economist, etc.

Ques. Is post graduation necessary for pursuing PhD in USA?

Ans. For a majority of institutions, post graduation or a Master’s degree is not required for studying PhD in USA. Only an undergraduate degree with at least a 3.0 GPA (85%) is sufficient for applying to these colleges.

Ques. What is the salary after PhD in USA?

Ans. Graduates of PhD programs in USA can earn an impressive average annual salary ranging from USD 55,200 to USD 101,100 (INR 45.5 Lakhs to INR 83.4 Lakhs).

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Discover a focus and intensity greater than you may have thought possible. As a PhD student at Stanford Graduate School of Business, you will be inspired and challenged to explore novel ideas and complex questions.

Fall 2025 applications  are now open. The application deadline is December 1, 2024 at 5:00 PM PST.

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Gain valuable research experience and training in a two-year, pre-doctoral opportunity at Stanford University.

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Application requirements for all doctoral programs (phd).

All of our doctoral programs are designed to develop outstanding educational researchers who have a deep understanding of the scientific, practical and policy issues they study. All require full-time study, and we promise five years of full-time financial support for every student we admit. Our doctoral programs are small, typically ranging from about 25 to 35 new students a year. The small size of our doctoral cohorts creates big educational advantages for students: the classes are almost always small, students receive individualized attention from their advisors, and they have many opportunities to develop close collegial relationships with fellow students.

It is extremely important to demonstrate in your statement of purpose that your interests converge closely with the current research of faculty who work in the program to which you are applying. Other doctoral applicants will certainly do this, and if you don't, you will forfeit an important competitive advantage to them. 

If you wish to contact faculty, please read our Which Degree Which Program article, by Professor Eamonn Callan, which outlines the appropriate process for contacting faculty with whom you share research interests. 

• Program website:  Degrees and Programs/PhD
• Length of Program:  5 years (average length)
• Tuition: fellowship/assistantship salary and tuition guaranteed for first five years of the program (autumn, winter and spring quarters) for all students, including international students. Funding includes two summers.

Application Requirements:

Application form.

Complete and submit Stanford's graduate online application .

Application Fee

The application fee is $125 , is non-refundable, and must be received by the application deadline.

Application Fee Waivers

Stanford offers three types of application fee waivers for which GSE applicants may apply and be considered:

• GRE Fee Reduction Certificate-Based Waiver
• Diversity Program Participation-Based Waiver
• School-Based Waiver

Please visit the Stanford Graduate Diversity website for instructions, deadlines, and the fee waiver application form.

Statement of Purpose

A Statement of Purpose is required. Your statement should be typed, single-spaced and should be between one to two pages . Describe succinctly your reasons for applying to the proposed program, your preparation for this field of study, and why our program is a good fit for you, your future career plans, and other aspects of your background as well as interests which may aid the admissions committee in evaluating your aptitude and motivation for graduate study. You may indicate potential faculty mentors as part of your study and research interests. Be sure to keep a copy for your records. What's a Good Statement of Purpose?

A resume or CV  is required of all applicants, depending on which document is most appropriate for your background. There is no page limit for resumes or CVs, though we typically see resumes of one page in length. Please upload your resume or CV in the online application.

Three (3) Letters of Recommendation

Applicants are required to submit three letters of recommendation . In the online application, you will be asked to identify your recommenders and their email addresses. Please notify your recommenders that they will receive an email prompt to submit their recommendation online. You can submit your request for letters of recommendation through the system without submitting the entire online application.  Stanford GSE only accepts online recommendations through the application system ; Stanford GSE cannot accept mailed, emailed or faxed recommendations.

Recommendations should be written by people who have supervised you in an academic, employment, or community service setting. We very strongly recommend that at least one of these letters be from a university professor familiar with your academic work. Your recommendations should directly address your suitability for admission to a graduate program at Stanford GSE.

It is the applicant's responsibility to ensure that all three letters of recommendation are submitted through the system by the application deadline , so please work closely with your recommenders to remind them of the deadline.

College and University Transcripts

Transcripts are required from every college and university you have attended for at least one academic year as a full-time student. When submitting your online application, transcripts should be uploaded to the application as a scanned copy or PDF ; this is sufficient for the application review process. Please refrain from sending a secured PDF/transcript with a digital signature as our system cannot upload these properly. The best way to ensure we receive an upload-able document is for you to print out the secured transcript, scan it, and upload the scanned copy (not to exceed 10MB) as a PDF. 

If you earned a degree at the institution from which you are submitting a transcript, please ensure that the degree conferral date and the degree conferred is clearly visible on the document. If you are currently enrolled in a degree program and will not have earned the respective degree by the time of submitting your GSE application, you should submit your most recent in-progress transcript from your institution.

Only if admitted will we contact you with instructions on sending two copies of your official transcripts to our office. We cannot accept mailed, emailed or faxed copies of your transcripts during the application process. Please note: the instructions for sending transcripts on the online application and on the general Stanford Graduate Admissions Office website differ from this Stanford GSE requirement.

Concerning course work completed in a study abroad program

If the coursework and grades are reflected on the transcript of your home institution, you do not need to submit original transcripts from the study abroad institution.

Concerning foreign institutions

If your institution provides a transcript in a language other than English, we require that you submit a translation of the transcript that is either provided by the institution or a certified translator. Translations must be literal and complete versions of the original records.

If your transcript does not include your degree conferral date and the degree conferred , please submit a scanned copy of your diploma, a conferral statement, or a conferral document in addition to your transcript . If you are currently enrolled in a degree program and will not have earned the respective degree by the time of submitting your GSE application, you should submit your most recent in-progress transcript from your institution.

Stanford University requires the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) from all applicants whose native language is not English. The GSE requires a minimum TOEFL score of 250 for the computer-based test, 600 for the paper-based test or 100 for the internet-based test in order to be considered for admission. The Test of Written English (TWE) portion of the TOEFL is not required. Applicants who have completed a four-year bachelor's degree or a two-year master's program (or its equivalent) in the U.S. or at an institution where English is the main language of instruction are not required to take the TOEFL. For more information on TOEFL requirements, please refer to the Required Exams  page on the main Stanford Graduate Admissions website. You may register for the TOEFL test directly at the ETS website .

TOEFL Dates and Deadlines

PhD applicants who are required to take the TOEFL should plan to take the internet-based TOEFL test and have official TOEFL scores sent electronically to Stanford at institution code 4704 (department code does not matter) no later than November 1 . This will give your official TOEFL scores time to be sent from ETS and be received by our system in time for the December 1 deadline. PhD applicants to Knight-Hennessy Scholars should plan to take the internet-based TOEFL test no later than October 16 so your scores can be received by our system in time for the November 16 KHS GSE deadline. Please note that the TOEFL may be taken no earlier than 18 months prior to the application deadline.

Does Stanford accept tests other than TOEFL?

No. We accept only TOEFL scores; we do not accept IELTS or other test scores.

Contact Information

Admissions:  [email protected]  

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Studying PhD in the USA 2024- 2025: Your Complete Guide

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Thinking about PhD? Think America!

PhD in the USA comes not only with a substantial recognition of your expertise but also impacts your overall growth in person. Learning shoulder to shoulder with the best minds that walked on this planet is a privilege. Starting from engineering, computer science, applied sciences, biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, and medicine to management, you may earn your PhD in the USA in the program of your choice. There are many fully funded PhD programs in America for international students in 2023 that you may opt for, too. Overwhelmed? Don’t worry; reading this blog is the first step which may guide you to your dreams of studying PhD programs in the U.S.A. Let’s keep scrolling!

Why Study PhD in the USA?

The top reasons to study in the USA include unparalleled academic excellence, American prestige , choices of flexible college programs alongside the best Universities like Stanford and Harvard and a diverse range of courses offered for PhD in the USA.

1. Course Length of PhD in the USA

Students prefer to earn their degree in the USA for the flexibility of the PhD programs in the USA for international students in 2023. The duration of your PhD in the country may vary from program to program. The maximum no. of years a part-time doctoral student spends is ten years. In other cases, full-time enrollment in PhD programs in the United States of America demands a minimum of 4 years. There are many online PhD programs in the country you may go for. Adding more to the best things about studying in the USA, you will also have the option of one-year PhD programs in the USA.

2. Top-Notch Universities

If the USA were to be a person, it would have definitely boasted about being the top destination country with its cities encompassing every aspect of a student’s dream. The hunt for knowledge seems never ending in the top institutes for PhD in the USA. The USA is home to distinguished universities like Harvard and Stanford. Studying Doctor of Philosophy in the USA means you will never have to look back. 

And, just in case you are very prepared and have the merits for pursuing a PhD in the U.S.A. for international students, the chances are high that you might get an acceptance letter from the oldest universities in the world. The fully funded PhD programs in the U.S.A. for international students 2023 add to the glee of every applicant. Most public and private universities conduct intakes year-long. Also, the intakes for 2023-2024 in the USA are ongoing. You may go ahead and plan accordingly and not miss the opportunity of studying at world-class universities and the best faculty. 

3. Diversity in the College Campuses 

The USA is the pioneer in neo-cultural globalisation or, let us rather say, the initiator of cultural diversity. The USA is home to approximately 9,50,000 international students, making up 5.5% of the international diaspora in the US. The whooping number of students choosing the USA as their destination for higher studies is a testimony to the diversity of the beautiful campuses host. 

4. Availability of Scholarships for PhD in the USA

The education system of the USA is very well devised to serve the needs of every student enrolling for PhD degree in the USA. There are many scholarships available for PhD students in the American universities. The scholarships allow you to pursue a fully funded PhD in the USA for international students 2023. There are entities such as the Government of the USA, universities and various private organisations that extend scholarships to students with merits and credible need of funds to pursue their PhD programs in the USA. We will be discussing it further in some moments. 

5. Availability of Jobs after PhD in the USA

American universities typically have vibrant campus communities with a wide range of extracurricular activities, clubs and organisations. As a student, you will have the opportunity to engage in various social, cultural and recreational activities alongside your academic studies.

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Best Universities for PhD Programs in the USA

1. harvard university.

Tuition Fees: $78,000 ‍Acceptance rate: 4% QS Ranking: 4th

US Ranking: 2nd

Top Courses: Arts & Humanities, Business & Management, Engineering & Technology, Life Sciences & Medicine, Social Sciences & Management

Intake Seasons: Fall/Spring

Famous Alumni: Bill Gates

Harvard University stands as one of the best universities in the USA and the entire world. The university enrols close to 22,947 students annually, making it one of the toughest universities to get into as well. The university hosts a range of PhD programs in the U.S.A. for international students 2023, including chemical biology, engineering, immunology and neuroscience, among other top PhD programs in the U.S.A. The campus is also home to the largest library system in the world. 

2. Stanford University

Average Fees: $80,000 ‍Acceptance rate: 16% QS Ranking: 5th

US Ranking: 3rd

Eligibility: GPA: 4, SAT: 1465, ACT: 31.5, IELTS: 6.5, TOEFL: 90, GMAT: 690, GRE: 162

Intake Seasons: Fall

Famous Alumni: Elon Musk

Located in the silicon valley, the university is a pioneering institution brimming with knowledge. As a campus that is spread across more than 8,000 acres and home to 16,000+ students flocking in from various parts of the world each year, it is one of the best choices for PhD programs in the U.S.A. for international students 2023.

3. University of Chicago

Average Fees: $78,000 ‍Acceptance rate: 6.5% QS Ranking: 11th

US Ranking: 12th

Intake Seasons: All Seasons

Famous Alumni: Susan Sontag

The University of Chicago introduces you to a world that's transformational, effective and always on the go. The campus is home to more than 17,000 students and boasts of one-of-its-kind diversity. A wide number of PhD programs in the U.S.A. for international students 2023 makes it one of the top choices for students in the world. 

Top 3 PhD Scholarships in the USA

There may be situations where you wish to pursue PhD in the USA but are unable to take your leap of faith due to financial constraints. You may enroll in fully funded PhD programs in the U.S.A for international students 2023 with the help of the scholarships provided for PhD in the U.S.A. We have listed below the best scholarships for PhD in the United States of America. 

1. Fulbright Foreign Student Program

Amount: $35,000

Provider: Binational Fullbright Commission/US Embassies

Deadline: 17th May, 2023

Expenses Covered: Tuition and fees, Round-trip travel, Living expenses and others

The scholarship offered by the organisation for PhD in the U.S.A. comes by as a ray of hope in your tough times. The scholarships help you move further towards a bright future backed by the PhD programs in the U.S.A. from top educational institutions. 

2. AAUW International Fellowships

Amount: $20,000

Provider: American Association of University Women 

Expenses Covered: Full tuition and Fees

Deadline: 1st December, 2023

The scholarship is one of the oldest, largest and most competitive scholarships for PhD in the U.S.A. The scholarship or fellowship is offered to women from across the world. The scholarship aims at boosting the contribution of women in the field of research and development. And transforming the world. 

3. Campbell Fellowships for Transformative Research

Amount: $54,000

Provider: School of Advanced Research

Expenses Covered: Stipend, Tuition fees waiver, Registration costs

Deadline: November, 2023

The scholarship is among the best short-term scholarships for PhD in the USA for women scholars. The duration of the Campbell fellowship lies between 6 months to 9 months. The scholarship is awarded to female scholars who are working in global research for women in developing nations. 

Application Requirements for PhD in the USA

Pursuing a PhD on American soil sounds like a dream come true. However, the process of application is extensive and requires due diligence and the best research before the selection of the scholarships and the colleges or the courses. We have tried to help you out below with some of the many requirements for applying for scholarships for PhD programs in the U.S.A. for international students 2023. Scroll for the list below:

1. Applying 

The first step is completing the application form before the deadline. You may check out the websites of the scholarships and universities and keep track of deadlines.

There are two types of scholarships. One is an easy scholarship which might not require an essay, and there are scholarships for PhD in the U.S.A. demanding essays. Thus, depending on the requirement, prepare an essay describing the needs of the scholarship for you.

3. Credible References

You must collect credible sources of references while applying for the scholarships. The reference must align with the PhD programs in the USA for international students 2023 you are applying for.

4. Competitive Exam Scores

Receiving a scholarship for PhD in the United States of America comes with criteria of scores in competitive exams like IELTS, TOEFL, GRE, GMAT, SAT, and ACT, among many others. Take your tests well to qualify for the applications of scholarships to transform your PhD into fully funded PhD programs in the U.S.A. for international students 2023.  

Top 3 Jobs Options After PhD in the USA

1. professor/ lecturer.

After completing your PhD in the U.S.A., you become eligible for the position of lecturer or professor in the top universities in the world. 

2. Scientific Assessor

The job of a scientific assessor is also available post you earn your degree in any of the PhD programs in the U.S.A. for international students 2023.

3. Research & development

A PhD in the U.S.A. makes you eligible to apply for jobs in the research and development field. If your field of study is research-oriented, you may have job opportunities in some of the best research institutes in the world nestled in the USA. 

Hope you are ready to resume or take forward the academic journey you have been aiming for. The blog was just an initiative for you to understand the overall landscape of PhD in the U.S.A. You may get in touch with us via the comment section below or DM us on our Instagram channel for additional info you might need. 

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Ph.D. Graduate Program in Psychological Sciences and Human Development

Introduction.

The Graduate Field of Psychological Sciences and Human Development (PSYHD)  includes faculty members from departments across the university including Psychology, Neurobiology and Behavior, Communication, and Philosophy.  See below for more on the Cornell Field System. The dominant strengths of the PSYHD Field lie in four broadly defined areas: Cognition , Development ,  Neuroscience , and Social and Personality . The goal of the Field is to educate students to become researchers, scholars, and teachers who will contribute to the future of psychology as a scientific discipline in academic or other research-oriented settings.

Our program prepares students for research and teaching careers in academic life, work in government agencies, and careers in industry or other public and private sectors.  We encourage you to explore the history of our M.A. and Ph.D. theses through the  Cornell University Theses/Dissertations guide .

Please note that we do not offer training in clinical psychology, counseling, school psychology, community psychology, industrial psychology, or clinical neuropsychology.  Applicants with primary interests in these subjects are not admitted.

To enter the PSYHD Doctoral (Ph.D.) program, you must  apply directly  to the Cornell University Graduate School. You may also want to investigate the  Cornell Graduate School  site for additional information about applying.

Application portal opens on September 1   Application portal closes on December 1 (11:59 pm)

Ph.D. Program

We offer three Ph.D. Degrees:

•Ph.D. in Psychology  •Ph.D. in Developmental Psychology  •Ph.D. in Human Development and Family Studies

The Ph.D. Graduate Student Handbook (Quick Guide) can be found here.

The Ph.D. program in PSYHD is a research focused, apprentice-styled (mentor-mentee) graduate program.  The curriculum and requirements are designed for a 5 year program; the median time to complete the Ph.D. is 5.5 years.

Student progress is supervised by a Primary Advisor who serves as the Chair of a Special Committee comprised of two faculty members, typically within the Psychological Sciences and Human Development graduate field . Prospective students should investigate the faculty members within the PSYHD field, and particularly within the Department of Psychology, whose research interests are compatible with the students' interests.  Prospective students for the Ph.D. program should then contact those faculty directly before applying.

Application requirements

• Unofficial transcript of the undergraduate record
• Three letters of recommendation , with a fourth letter optional, which your recommenders will upload to the application.

Academic Statement of Purpose

Describe (within 1000 words) the substantive research questions you are interested in pursuing during your graduate studies, and explain how our program would help you achieve your intellectual goals. Additionally, detail your academic background, intellectual interests and any training or research experience you have received that you believe has prepared you for our program. Within your statement, please also identify specific faculty members whose research interests align with your own interests.

Personal statement of interest

Please describe (within 1000 words) how your personal background and experiences influenced your decision to pursue a graduate degree. Additionally, provide insight on your potential to contribute to a community of inclusion, belonging, and respect where scholars representing diverse backgrounds, perspectives, abilities, and experiences can learn and work productively and positively together. We also encourage you to include information on any of the following areas:

• How your personal, academic, and/or professional experiences demonstrate your ability to be both persistent and resilient especially when navigating challenging circumstances.
• How you engage with others and have facilitated and/or participated in productive teams.
• How you have experienced or come to understand the barriers faced by others whose experiences and backgrounds may differ from your own.
• If relevant, how your research interests focus on issues related to diversity, inclusion, access, inequality, and/or equity.
• Your service and/or leadership in efforts to advance diversity, inclusion, access, and equity especially by those from backgrounds historically underrepresented and/or marginalized.
• Additional context around any perceived gaps or weaknesses in your academic record (including, but not limited to, personal and family struggles with unemployment and health as a result of the pandemic, systemic discrimination and the fight for civil rights, and any other situational factors that may have impacted achievements throughout your life).

Applicants are not required to submit scores on the GRE; the GRE subject test in psychology, or to have had an undergraduate major in psychology. 

Prior research experience is highly desirable; applicants may submit research reports or work.

Additional requirements for International applicants:

• English Language Proficiency requirement (TOEFL or IELTS)
• International Degree Equivalencies

The Field Structure

At Cornell, graduate study is organized using a field structure.   Fields are composed of faculty members from a number of departments who come together around a shared intellectual interest, and may draw from different campuses or colleges.  Graduate students are admitted to fields of study.  Within each field, they select major and minor subjects, which are research interests or concentrations.

Fields span departments and even disciplines.  It’s possible for a student in the field of economics to include faculty on his or her special committee from industrial labor and economics, civil and environmental engineering, and sociology, along with the more traditional economics and management.

Click here for the complete "Fields of Study, Subjects, and Concentrations" in PDF form .

Student Life

Alexander G. Ophir, Director of Graduate Studies Uris Hall, Room 218 E-mail:  [email protected] Phone:  607-255-3714

Pamela A. Cunningham, Graduate Field Assistant   •  Psychology Ph.D. Uris Hall, Room 211A E-mail:  [email protected] Phone:  607-255-3834 Fax: 607-255-8433

Marianne Arcangeli, Graduate Field Assistant   •  Developmental Psychology Ph.D.   •  Human Development and Family Studies Ph.D. Martha Van Rensselaer Hall, Room G201B E-mail:  [email protected] Phone:  607-255-4661

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PhD duration in the USA

I am trying to find out what the average duration of PhD studies are in the USA. Here in Spain it used to be 4 years, but it seems that Europe is moving towards a 3-year scheme since students are expected to do their MSc before they start. What is it like in the USA? Is some kind of shortening also occurring?

• united-states

• 2 In my university, 4 or 5 in Economics, 5 or 6 in Finance. –  Akavall Commented Mar 24, 2014 at 15:53
• 6 Keep in mind that, in many fields, the time to PhD in the US also includes the coursework (master's) component, so the research phase can be anywhere from one semester to almost two years shorter than the "time to PhD." –  aeismail Commented Mar 24, 2014 at 17:02
• 4 In the experimental sciences, the time it takes to get a PhD can depend heavily on how a particular experiment or program of research works out. In physics it's not uncommon for people to do their coursework, then take several years trying to get an experiment to work, then give up and start over with some other experiment, which takes several more years. At the school where I got my PhD in physics, I think about 30% of my peers took 9 years total. –  user1482 Commented Mar 25, 2014 at 0:29
• 2 The dean of social sciences at my school is an archaeologist and mentioned offhand that his students typically take 9+ years to finish due to fieldwork. –  Tim Commented Aug 7, 2014 at 8:42
• 2 "it seems that Europe is moving towards a 3-year scheme" - I am not sure this applies so generally. In Germany, there is a certain movement towards structured doctoral programs, but newly introduced programs are quite sometimes designed to take four years. Moreover, the practical way these are sometimes conducted is that the doctoral candidate goes through the structured doctoral program for four years, and then remains with his or her department for another year or so, funded from other sources, to complete their doctoral thesis, thus maintaining the original duration of roughly five year –  O. R. Mapper Commented Sep 17, 2015 at 8:57

3 Answers 3

Each program is going to be different. Usually, the first couple years of a PhD program involves taking graduate level classes while the later years are dedicated to academic engagement in the discipline (for example, in Chemistry, you would do research in a lab.) If you have a Masters degree relevant to the PhD, you may cut off some or all of the classroom portion of the PhD program.

The qualifications for actually receiving the PhD also differ. You may need to get approval from an academic board (this is usually at least part of the process in any case), you may need to write a thesis, you may even be required to be published in an academic journal. (In the hard sciences, this is common.)

Because the requirements for getting the degree differ, the time may as well. For the most part, PhDs (with no Masters) should take between 4 - 6 years. Getting a Masters degree first may cut off about a year or so of that. While this is generally true, you will find many examples of people taking longer and I've known at least two people who graduated in less than 4 years with a PhD.

While this is an average, you'll want to get info specific to your desired University, the degree, and even the group (or academic adviser) that you choose to work for.

• 4 It also varies by discipline. Some take substantially longer than others. –  vadim123 Commented Mar 24, 2014 at 16:32
• For US PhD recipients in 2018, the median years between starting graduate school and earning a doctorate was 7.3. Do not rely on the 4-6 years. –  Anonymous Physicist Commented Jul 18, 2020 at 2:21

This varies so widely by discipline that asking for an average across all disciplines is unlikely to be very helpful. Most individual disciplines do keep careful records of this statistic, and it should be easy to search for them on (e.g.) google.

However, I would say with some confidence that no American PhD program requires or even expects its students to complete a PhD in less than four years. In some programs the "party line" is that it is desirable to complete the degree in four years, but in my experience this means that you start to feel the squeeze of increased teaching and/or decreased funding after four years, not that you get ejected from the program or forced to graduate.

I work in a discipline, mathematics, with a high entry cost but for which, once you acquire the necessary background and skills (with which a small minority of students do enter the program), there is no specific reason why you couldn't do all the work for a great thesis and write it up in a rather short amount of time, say on the order of a semester. Nevertheless I have met very few people who have completed a math PhD in fewer than four years. When we get to the upper echelons of talent, preparation and work ethic, this surely must mean that the culture of a PhD program strongly encourages students to stay for this amount of time.

To answer your final question: yes, many programs are trying to shorten their average time to degree as funding is being cut. In my own PhD program (mathematics at UGA) I was involved in an initiative to do just this: up until recently we guaranteed six years of funding to incoming PhD students without master's degrees and five for students with an incoming master's. We now guarantee five years to all students. Note that this does not mean that we do not have funded sixth year students: we certainly do. But it means that students will, throughout their time in the program, have to keep their eye on the five-year mark, which is something that our former arrangement was not doing: even very strong students would often stick around for six years for no especially good reason.

Finally let me also note that we changed (with my involvement) all our requirements to be independent of whether students arrive with master's degrees. We have found that the difference in the level of preparedness of such students is not significant enough to justify more stringent time-to-degree requirements.

• Many thanks. I find it amazing that you fund people equally regardless of whether they have a masters's; it's very generous. Very informative answer. –  CesarGon Commented Mar 24, 2014 at 21:59
• 1 I would +1 except for the 4-year hard minimum. I know several people who did the PhD in three, in STEM fields. If you're not looking for an academic job afterward, and you know what you want to research, 3 years is realistic in many fields. –  David Ketcheson Commented Mar 25, 2014 at 3:41
• @David: There are people who got their PhDs at 20 years old; one presumes they spent a short amount of time in the program. When I say four years is a "hard minimum", I mean I know of no program in the US which requires or even expects (e.g. by decreasing funding) its students to complete a PhD in fewer than four years. Do you? –  Pete L. Clark Commented Mar 25, 2014 at 8:10
• @CesarGon: In mathematics most students don't get a master's on the way to a PhD. –  Mark Meckes Commented Mar 25, 2014 at 10:14
• @PeteL.Clark I don't know of any such program. But expectations and hard minimums are very different, in my mind. Anyway, <4 is certainly unusual. –  David Ketcheson Commented Mar 26, 2014 at 13:03

The Survey of Earned Doctorates ( http://www.norc.org/Research/Projects/Pages/survey-of-earned-doctorates-(sed).aspx ) has detailed statistics. A summary report is http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/infbrief/nsf06312/ with breakdown by field, year etc.

• 3 We generally prefer to have more than just a bare link in answers, since the answer then becomes useless when the link decays. Can you please add a brief summary of key information at the end of the link? –  jakebeal Commented Nov 7, 2015 at 21:14
• Thank you. Would you be so kind to add a summary of what the report says, as suggested by @jakebeal? –  CesarGon Commented Nov 9, 2015 at 19:40
• For US PhD recipients in 2018, the median years between starting graduate school and earning a doctorate was 7.3. –  Anonymous Physicist Commented Jul 18, 2020 at 2:19

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The Ph.D. Program in Educational Neuroscience (PEN) was founded at Gallaudet University by Dr. Laura-Ann Petitto (Chair, PEN Steering Committee) and Dr. Melissa Herzig (Assistant Program Director, PEN). Students in...

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Advising 2.0

With new leadership and an increased focus on the impact of advisors, The Advising Project looks to enhance the overall academic experience for students

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Released in the fall of 2023, the Report of the GSAS Admissions and Graduate Education (GAGE) Working Group affirmed the importance of advising for graduate student success and well-being. While students often express satisfaction with their advisors on annual exit surveys, the report noted that providing more structure and consistency in advising could make the relationship more effective and reduce student stress. Improving advising might also help lower the time to degree and increase students’ satisfaction with the PhD program. 

“It’s stressful when expectations are unclear,” Emma Dench, dean of the Harvard Kenneth C. Griffin Graduate School of Arts and Sciences (GSAS) and working group chair, said after the report's publication. “As someone who was both a doctoral student and a faculty member, I know that it can feel harrowing for students when they don’t know if their advisor will respond in time for them to apply for a job or fellowship.”

To address these concerns, in 2019 Dench launched The Advising Project (TAP) , which puts student success and well-being at the center of the advising relationship. Five years on, much has changed and TAP is entering a new phase, poised to increase its impact under the guidance of new assistant directors Katie Callam, PhD ’20, and Dr. Rogers Walker. Building on the groundwork laid by their predecessors, Callam and Walker bring a fresh perspective and renewed energy to TAP. With their deep commitment to improving the advising experience, they are ready to propel the project forward, reinforcing its core values while introducing new approaches to meet the needs of today’s faculty and the master’s and PhD students they advise.

As someone who was both a doctoral student and a faculty member, I know that it can feel harrowing for students when they don’t know if their advisor will respond in time for them to apply for a job or fellowship.  — Emma Dench, Dean of Harvard Griffin GSAS

Skill Building

Following parameters set by the GAGE report, TAP focuses on providing faculty access to training and other resources to help them develop their advising repertoire. One of TAP’s core offerings is a series of workshops designed to enhance advising experience and practice. As part of the strategy to promote active engagement and communication, TAP workshops reflect the project's core philosophy that effective advising involves clear, open dialogue and mutual understanding.

“For faculty, we will be offering workshops that focus on best practices in mentoring and ways to foster an inclusive advising environment,” notes Walker, TAP’s new assistant director of advising education. “We understand that faculty are at the forefront of guiding students, and we want to equip them with the tools and knowledge to make these relationships as productive and supportive as possible.”

As the new director of advising research, Callam has been instrumental in developing the TAP website’s materials for faculty advisers. She says the resources emphasize “skill building.”

“The faculty-student advising relationship is at the core of the graduate school experience, and yet advising has traditionally been something just ‘figured out,’ and not explicitly learned,” she says. “Our resources are meant to show that successful advising draws on a set of skills that can be practiced and developed little by little.”

TAP draws on the curriculum and training of the Center for Improvement of Mentored Experiences in Research (CIMER). Based at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, CIMER’s mission is “To improve mentoring relationships for research trainees and mentors at all career stages through the development, implementation, and study of evidence-based and culturally responsive interventions and the study of the mentoring ecosystem.” While the original CIMER curriculum is geared toward the sciences, TAP has also expanded to include the humanities and social sciences.

As assistant director of advising education, Rogers Walker will run workshops that draw on CIMER but are tailored to the Harvard community. “We’re looking to partner with departments to understand their specific needs, time constraints and schedule, and the most appropriate topics for their faculty and students,” Walker says.

Callam adds that TAP programming is not intended to mandate a set of strict advising rules across programs, but to draw on each advisor’s unique strengths and preferences. “We recognize that there is no one-size-fits-all approach to advising,” she says. “But research shows that successful advising relationships do have several through-lines, including strong communication and clear expectations. We want to highlight these areas so advisors can reflect on how they might look in their own practice.”

A Reciprocal Relationship

Dench says one of the main goals of The Advising Project is to transform advising into a dynamic, reciprocal relationship that benefits both faculty and students. “Our organizing concept is that effective advising hinges both on guidance and support from mentors and empowering students to actively engage in their own advising relationships.” 

Callam says that, as they do for faculty, TAP will also offer student workshops that build skills for effective communication and advocacy in advising relationships. 

Research shows that successful advising relationships do have several through-lines, including strong communication and clear expectations. We want to highlight these areas so advisors can reflect on how they might look in their own practice.  — Katie Callam, Assistant Director of The Advising Project

“We want to help students feel more confident in articulating their needs and clarifying what they expect from their advising relationships,” she says. “Faculty have a lot of responsibility in the advising relationship, but students also need to remember that advisors aren’t mind-readers. If something needs to change, even if it feels hard or awkward, they need to ask for it.”

Walker adds that, while faculty provide crucial guidance, students also have a significant role in shaping their advising experiences. “It’s a two-way street,” he says. One important way that students can take control of their mentoring relationships is by building an ‘advising village.’ 

“An advising village is not just about having a single mentor but about leveraging a network of advisors, peers, and resources that enrich a student’s academic journey,” he says. “It can bring different perspectives to a student’s academic work and, in so doing, dilute the power differential that can be one of the great challenges of the advising relationship.”

Aligning Expectations

One goal for TAP in the coming year is to encourage the use of “advising agreements” by advisors and advisees across disciplines. An advising agreement, sometimes called an advising contract or compact, is a written document that lays out the parameters for an advising relationship, covering topics such as communication, feedback, professional development, and authorship.

“Having misaligned expectations can be a huge source of dissatisfaction in advising relationships,” says Callam. “Whether that’s an advisor who wants their lab members in-person five days a week when a student wants to work from home, or a student who is waiting for their advisor to ask how their chapter is going while their advisor is waiting to be contacted, if one party is in the dark about what another is looking for, conflict and frustration can arise quickly. Using an advising agreement can help to prevent this kind of misunderstanding.”

Walker adds, “We want to ensure that all students, regardless of their identities, have access to the support they need. This includes not only helping them navigate the advising process but also ensuring that they feel valued and understood within the academic community.”

Toward a Culture of Advising

As The Advising Project moves into its next phase, Callam and Walker are eager to build on the successes of the past and explore new ways to enhance the advising experience for the Harvard Griffin GSAS community.

“We’re excited about the potential to have a meaningful impact,” Walker says. “The project has already made significant strides in improving advising across Harvard Griffin GSAS, and we believe there’s even more we can achieve. Our focus is on continuing to support faculty and students in creating strong, effective advising relationships.”

Waker portrays The Advising Project as a living, evolving initiative. He and Callam are committed to listening to feedback, adapting their approaches, and continually finding new ways to improve the advising experience and make real Dean Dench’s vision of a culture of advising.

“Graduate education is dynamic, particularly at Harvard Griffin GSAS,” he says. “Through all the changes, advising remains a pillar of support, guidance, and growth. Like Dean Dench, Katie and I are devoted to creating an environment where faculty advisers and students both thrive.”

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Notes From a Writer's Desk: Meet the Writing Specialists!

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PhD positions in Astrophysics at the Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge

Job summary, job description.

Title: PhD positions in Astrophysics at the Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge

Job summary:

• Category: Pre-doctoral / Graduate Positions
• Institution: University of Cambridge
• Department: Department of Physics
• Number of Positions Available: Multiple
• Duration: 3.5 Years
• Could the duration be extended? Yes
• Work Arrangement: In-Person
• In-Person Location(s): Cambridge, UK

Job description: 

The Cavendish Astrophysics group at the University of Cambridge invites applications to undertake a cutting-edge PhD programme starting in October 2025. We regularly accept between 5 and 10 top of the class PhD graduate students every year, who are able to apply to a variety of funding options.

We offer a selection of exciting research topics under the supervision of our faculty and senior researchers ( https://www.astro.phy.cam.ac.uk/gradresearch/gradresearchareas ):

• Exoplanets and the Origin of Life
• Formation and evolution of galaxies and black holes
• The infant Universe (Cosmic Dawn and Epoch of Re-ionization) & radio cosmology
• Cosmology: AI based data analysis
• Optical and Infrared instrumentation

Located on the west campus of the University of Cambridge, the Cavendish Astrophysics group offers students a dynamic and friendly environment to thrive in their research careers, in one of the world’s top universities and physics departments.  

Application Details

• Application Instructions: All applications must be submitted via the University of Cambridge online portal. The deadline for applications is the 16th October 2024 for US applicants and 3rd December 2024 for all others. Start date is 1st October, 2025. Further information about the application process can be found on our website https://www.astro.phy.cam.ac.uk/gradresearch/graduate-admission-procedures
• Link to Online Application: 

https://www.postgraduate.study.cam.ac.uk/applying/how-do-i-apply

• Name: Cambridge Physics Postgraduate Administration

Email: [email protected]

Compensation and Benefits

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Man, au pair charged in double murder of wife, man months apart

The family au pair, who he was having an affair with, was previously charged.

A grand jury has indicted 39-year-old Brendan Banfield in the stabbing death of his wife and murder of another man in the couple's bedroom 19 months after the killing, according to Virginia's Fairfax County Commonwealth's Attorney Office.

Banfield is accused of fatally stabbing 37-year-old Christine Banfield and shooting Joseph Ryan, 38, in February 2023.

Banfield's charging in the case comes months after the family's 24-year-old live-in au pair was charged in the case.

"We know Brendon Banfield and Juliana Magalhaes, the family au pair, were involved in a romantic relationship at the time of the murders," Fairfax Police Chief Kevin Davis said at a press conference Monday.

Banfield was indicted on four charges of aggravated murder and one charge for the use of a firearm in the commission of a felony. He is accused of the premeditated murder of the two.

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If convicted, he could face a life sentence without the possibility of parole. For the firearm charge, he could face a mandatory minimum of three years. He is being held without bail, the Associated Press reported.

"The great investigative work of the Fairfax County Police Department led us to new information which was instrumental in securing today's indictment," Fairfax County Commonwealth's Attorney Steve Descano said during the press conference.

Investigators would not reveal what new information led to Monday's arrest.

ABC News has reached out to an attorney for Brendan Banfield for comment.

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The Banfield couple were married and living in their family home with their then-4-year-old daughter at the time of the murders.

Police responded to a 911 call from the home on Feb. 24, 2023, and found Ryan dead in an upstairs bedroom as a result of gunshot wounds. Christine Banfield was stabbed.

She was taken to a local hospital, where she was pronounced dead, according to police.

Police said they recovered two firearms and a knife from the home at the time of the murder.

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Police also carried out another search warrant at Banfield's house on Monday.

Magalhaes has been in custody since her arrest, according to police. Her trial is scheduled to begin in November.

The two are being held in the same adult detention center, according to Descano.

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