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50 Amazingly Simple Science Experiments for Kids at Home

Science Kindergartners Preschoolers Experiment Resources 30 Comments

Kids love experimenting , and these 50 simple science experiments for kids at home from Brigitte are perfect for all ages! Plus, you probably already have the basic supplies at home.

My daughters and I have had a lot of fun doing science experiments. Each year when we create our spring and summer list , we make sure to include “science days” which are days filled with science experiments.

Sometimes our science experiments don’t work according to plan, but I have been told that all scientists have failures with experiments from time to time.

It’s okay if they aren’t all successes.

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50 Simple Science Experiments with Supplies You Already Have

I love these 50 simple science experiments for you to try with your little scientists. They all use basic household supplies that you probably already have at home!

Most of these are experiments my daughters and I have done together. I hope you enjoy them as much as we have!

Get little ones involved with these easy toddler-friendly science experiment ideas!

Simple Science Experiments with Water

Not only can water  be a blast to play in, but water plus a few basic supplies equals a lot of science fun!

• Make an orange sink and float with an orange buoyancy experiment from Playdough to Plato.
• Compare the amount of salt in different types of water with this salty egg experiment  as seen on Uplifting Mayhem.
• Do a little more sinking or floating with a fun sink or float experiment  even toddlers can do from Hands On As We Grow.
• Use the free printable to record what sinks or floats in an outdoor experiment from Buggy and Buddy.
• Create some beautiful pieces of paper with this rainbow paper experiment from Science Kiddo.
• Talk about solutions as you try the “what dissolves in water” experiment  as seen on Hands On As We Grow.
• Learn about water absorption with this simple experiment from Little Bins for Little Hands.
• Mix some fun colors with this oil and water experiment  from Fun Learning for Kids.
• Make your own lava lamp , just like on  Hands On As We Grow.
• Can you keep all the water in the bag? Try it with a  leak-proof bag experiment  as seen on Hands On As We Grow.
• Learn about surface tension with this  magic finger pepper experiment  found on Hands On As We Grow.
• Make your own  water cycle in a bottle  as seen on A Dab of Glue Will Do.

Simple Science Experiments with Baking Soda and Vinegar

Baking soda + vinegar = a great chemical reaction! This fizzy reaction can fuel a variety of simple science experiments at home.

First of all, we have tested and found out the absolute best combination of baking soda and vinegar to get the best reaction possible. It makes a difference if you add vinegar to baking soda or vice versa! And how much you use!

• Inflate a balloon without blowing into it with a baking soda and vinegar balloon experiment  as seen on Little Bins for Little Hands.
• Practice colors as you do a baking soda and vinegar with color experiment as seen on Hands On As We Grow.
• Have fun outside with an outdoor volcano eruption  as seen on Preschool Inspirations.
• Have more volcano fun by making apple volcanoes as seen on The Resourceful Mama.
• Learn about acids and bases and the chemical reaction that occurs when you make apple seeds dance with a   jumping apple seeds experiment  as seen on JDaniel4s Mom.
• Watch some rice dance with a   dancing rice experiment as seen on Green Kid Crafts.
• Continue your dance party by making raisins dance with a dancing raisin experiment  as seen on 123 Homeschool 4 Me. What other items can you get to dance?
• Learn more about acids and bases by dissolving a sea shell as seen on Teach Beside Me.
• Make an egg shell disappear with this disappearing egg activity  as seen on Premeditated Leftovers.
• See how far you can launch a soda bottle with this baking soda powered boat as seen on Science Sparks.
• Make your own rocks (or eggs) with this fizzy treasure rocks experiment as seen on Living Life and Learning.
• Have some fun this summer with this frozen vinegar experiment as seen on Inspiration Laboratories.

Plant Themed Simple Science Experiments

Enjoy learning about seeds, plant parts, and how plants grow with these simple science experiments.

• Learn about how plants soak up water through their stems with a flower experiment for kids  from Growing A Jeweled Rose.
• Watch seeds sprout as you grow seeds in a jar  as seen on Teaching Mama.
• Learn about the parts of the seed with a seed coat experiment as seen on Gift of Curiosity.
• Build a house out of sponges and then watch it sprout with this sprout house as seen on The Stem Laboratory.
• Learn what liquids allow seeds to grow the best with this seed experiment  as seen on Gift of Curiosity.
• Explore how plants grow towards the light with this shoe-box maze experiment from Plants for Kids.

Animal Themed Simple Science Experiments

Learning about animals can be even more fun with some simple hands-on simple science experiments.

• Find out more about giraffes and create some giraffe spots  as seen on Preschool Powol Packets.
• Learn about how animals in the Arctic keep warm by making an arctic glove  as seen on Steve Spangler Science.
• Discover how penguins stay dry with a penguin feather experiment as seen on Raising Little Superheroes.
• Learn about different bird beaks with a bird beak experiment as seen on Blessed Beyond a Doubt.
• Explore how fish (and hermit crabs) breathe with this gill experiment  as seen on Preschool Powol Packets.
• Learn about sharks with a   shark buoyancy experiment as seen on Little Bins for Little Hands.

Even More Simple Science Experiment for Kids at Home!

If you are still looking for more science fun, you may enjoy the following simple science experiments.

• Find out how sugary drinks hurt teeth with an  eggs-periment  as seen on Feels Like Home Blog.
• Discover geodes (the state rock of Iowa) with this eggshell geode crystal experiment  as seen on Science Bob.
• Learn about air pressure with an egg and bottle experiment  as seen on Science Sparks.
• Find out what causes an apple to brown with this apple science experiment  as seen on Teach Beside Me.
• Make an  edible bubble apple with an experiment as seen on Preschool Powol Packet.
• Learn more about surface tension with a penny and water experiment  as seen on Artful Parent.
• Mix colors like magic with this color changing milk experiment  from Hands On As We Grow.
• Blow up a balloon with this soda and balloon experiment from Learn Play Imagine.
• Practice letters by making beautiful crystal letters as seen on Books and Giggles.
• Make your own indoor hovercraft  as seen on Living Life and Learning.
• Learn about colors with this beautiful butterfly chromatography craft  as seen on Buggy and Buddy.
• Make soap souffle  as seen on Steve Spangler Science.
• After talking about liquids and solids (and finding them in your own home), create oobleck  as seen on Babble Dabble Do. Is it a liquid, or is it a solid?
• Learn about frost by making some indoor frost as seen on Little Bin for Little Hands.
• Make your own homemade butter in a jar as seen on Happy Hooligans.

What scientific experiment will you try first?

About Brigitte Brulz

Brigitte Brulz is a homeschooling mom of two daughters, wife of her high school sweetheart, and author of Jobs of a Preschooler and Pickles, Pickles, I Like Pickles. She offers free coloring pages and activity ideas on her website at BrigitteBrulz.com .

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30 comments.

college brawl says

March 13, 2024 at 1:05 am

Wow, these experiments look like so much fun! I can’t wait to try them out with my kids. We’re always looking for new and creative ways to learn about science at home, and these experiments look like they’ll be perfect for us. Thanks for sharing! 😊

threadsBay says

August 31, 2023 at 3:13 am

I love science experiments! This one is really simple and easy to do.

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20 Awesome Science Experiments You Can Do Right Now At Home

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We can all agree that science is awesome. And you can bring that awesomeness into your very own home with these 20 safe DIY experiments you can do right now with ordinary household items.

1. Make Objects Seemingly Disappear Refraction is when light changes direction and speed as it passes from one object to another. Only visible objects reflect light. When two materials with similar reflective properties come into contact, light will pass through both materials at the same speed, rendering the other material invisible. Check out this video from BritLab  on how to turn glass invisible using vegetable oil and pyrex glass.

2. Freeze Water Instantly When purified water is cooled to just below freezing point, a quick nudge or an icecube placed in it is all it takes for the water to instantly freeze. You can finally have the power of Frozone from The Incredibles on a very small scale! Check out the video on this "cool" experiment. 

3. Create Oobleck And Make It Dance To The Music Named after a sticky substance in a children’s book by Dr Seuss , Oobleck is a non-Newtonian fluid, which means it can behave as both a solid and a liquid. And when placed on a sound source, the vibrations causes the mixture to gloopily dance. Check out these instructions from Housing A Forest  on how to make this groovy fluid funk out in every way.

4. Create Your Own Hybrid Rocket Engine With a combination of a solid fuel source and a liquid oxidizer, hybrid rocket engines can propel themselves. And on a small scale, you can create your own hybrid rocket engine, using pasta, mouthwash and yeast. Sadly, it won’t propel much, but who said rocket science ain’t easy? Check out this video from NightHawkInLight on how to make this mini engine.

5. Create "Magic Mud" Another non-Newtonian fluid here, this time from the humble potato. "Magic Mud" is actually starch found in potatoes. It’ll remain hard when handled but leave it alone and it turns into a liquid. Make your own “Magic Mud” with this video.

6. Command The Skies And Create A Cloud In A Bottle Not quite a storm in a teacup, but it is a cloud in a bottle. Clouds up in the sky are formed when water vapor cools and condenses into visible water droplets. Create your own cloud in a bottle using a few household items with these wikiHow instructions .

7. Create An Underwater Magical World First synthesized by Adolf van Baeyer in 1871, fluorescein is a non-toxic powder found in highlighter pens, and used by NASA to find shuttles that land in the sea. Create an underwater magical world with this video from NightHawkInLight .

9. Make Your Own Lava Lamp Inside a lava lamp are colored bubbles of wax suspended in a clear or colorless liquid, which changes density when warmed by a heating element at the base, allowing them to rise and fall hypnotically. Create your own lava lamp with these video instructions.

10. Create Magnetic Fluid A ferrofluid is a liquid that contains nanoscale particles of metal, which can become magnetized. And with oil, toner and a magnet , you can create your own ferrofluid and harness the power of magnetism! 

12. Make Waterproof Sand A hydrophobic substance is one that repels water. When sand is combined with a water-resistant chemical, it becomes hydrophobic. So when it comes into contact with water, the sand will remain dry and reusable. Make your own waterproof sand with this video .

13. Make Elephant's Toothpaste Elephant’s toothpaste is a steaming foamy substance created by the rapid decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, which sort of resembles giant-sized toothpaste. Make your own elephant’s toothpaste with these instructions.

14. Make Crystal Bubbles When the temperature falls below 0 o C (32 o F), it’s possible to freeze bubbles into crystals. No instructions needed here, just some bubble mix and chilly weather.

15. Make Moving Liquid Art Mixing dish soap and milk together causes the surface tension of the milk to break down. Throw in different food colorings and create this trippy chemical reaction.

16. Create Colourful Carnations Flowers absorb water through their stems, and if that water has food coloring in it, the flowers will also absorb that color. Create some wonderfully colored flowers with these wikiHow instructions .

17. "Magically" Turn Water Into Wine Turn water into wine with this  video  by experimenter Dave Hax . Because water has a higher density than wine, they can switch places. Amaze your friends with this fun science trick.

18. Release The Energy In Candy (Without Eating It) Dropping a gummy bear into a test tube with potassium chlorate releases the chemical energy inside in an intense chemical reaction. That’s exactly what's happening when you eat candy, kids.

19. Make Water "Mysteriously" Disappear Sodium polyacrylate is a super-absorbent polymer, capable of absorbing up to 300 times its own weight in water. Found in disposable diapers, you can make water disappear in seconds with this video .

20. Create A Rainbow In A Jar Different liquids have different masses and different densities. For example, oil is less dense than water and will float on top of its surface. By combining liquids of different densities and adding food coloring, you can make an entire rainbow in a jar with this video .

There you have it – 20 experiments for you to explore the incredible world of science!

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Science In Everyday Life: 50 Examples Showing How Science Impacts Our Daily Activities

Science plays a vital role in our daily lives, even if we don’t always realize it. From the alarm that wakes us up to the phones we scroll through before bed, advancements in science, technology, engineering, and math touch every aspect of our routines.

If you’re short on time, here’s a quick answer on examples of science in daily life: Science gives us technology like smartphones, WiFi, microwaves, and virtual assistants . It brings us medical treatments, weather forecasts, and green energy solutions.

Fields like chemistry, biology, and physics explain the world around us and advancements that enhance how we live.

This comprehensive guide provides over 50 examples demonstrating the many amazing ways science impacts our lives. We’ll cover common technologies, healthcare innovations, environmental applications, and insights science provides into the world around us.

Read on to gain appreciation for just how integral STEM is to our modern lives.

Technology Innovations from Science

Smartphones and wifi.

Smartphones have become an integral part of our lives, and we can thank science for their existence. These devices combine various technologies, such as wireless communication, touchscreen displays, and powerful processors, all made possible through scientific advancements.

With the advent of WiFi technology, we can now connect our smartphones to the internet seamlessly, allowing us to access information, communicate with others, and stay connected wherever we go. According to a report by Statista, there are over 3.8 billion smartphone users worldwide, highlighting the widespread impact of this technology.

Virtual Assistants and AI

Virtual assistants, like Siri, Alexa, and Google Assistant, have become an integral part of our daily lives. These AI-powered technologies are the result of extensive research and development in the field of artificial intelligence.

They can perform a wide range of tasks, from answering questions and setting reminders to controlling smart home devices. Virtual assistants have revolutionized the way we interact with technology and have made our lives more convenient.

According to a study by Pew Research Center, around 46% of Americans use voice assistants, showcasing the widespread adoption of this technology.

Streaming Entertainment

Gone are the days when we had to wait for our favorite TV shows or movies to air on traditional television networks. Thanks to scientific advancements, we now have streaming platforms like Netflix, Hulu, and Amazon Prime Video that allow us to enjoy a vast library of entertainment content on demand.

Streaming services rely on technologies like high-speed internet connections and video compression algorithms, which have made it possible to deliver high-quality content to our devices. According to a report by Conviva, global streaming hours increased by 57% in 2020, highlighting the growing popularity of streaming entertainment.

Kitchen Appliances

Science has also revolutionized our kitchens with innovative appliances that make cooking and food preparation easier and more efficient. From microwave ovens and induction cooktops to smart refrigerators and programmable coffee makers, these appliances utilize scientific principles to enhance our culinary experiences.

For example, microwave ovens use electromagnetic waves to heat food quickly, while induction cooktops use magnetic fields to generate heat directly in the cookware. These advancements have saved us time and energy in the kitchen, allowing us to focus on creating delicious meals.

Healthcare and Medicine

Medical treatments and drugs.

Science plays a crucial role in the development of medical treatments and drugs. Through extensive research and experimentation, scientists are able to discover new medications and therapies that help treat diseases and improve the quality of life for patients.

From antibiotics to cancer-fighting drugs, science has revolutionized the field of medicine. For instance, in recent years, breakthroughs in immunotherapy have provided hope for patients with previously untreatable cancers, offering them a chance at a longer and healthier life.

Medical Imaging and Scans

The advancement of medical imaging technology has greatly contributed to the field of healthcare. X-rays, CT scans, MRIs, and ultrasounds are all examples of medical imaging techniques that allow doctors to visualize the internal structures of the body without invasive procedures.

These imaging tools aid in the diagnosis and monitoring of various conditions, such as broken bones, tumors, and organ abnormalities. With the help of these technologies, doctors can make more accurate and timely diagnoses, leading to better treatment outcomes for patients.

Prosthetics and Implants

Science has also revolutionized the field of prosthetics and implants, providing individuals with enhanced mobility and improved quality of life. With advancements in materials science and robotics, prosthetic limbs have become increasingly sophisticated, allowing amputees to regain functionality and perform daily activities with greater ease.

Additionally, advancements in medical implants, such as pacemakers and artificial joints, have significantly improved the lives of individuals with chronic conditions, enabling them to live longer and more fulfilling lives.

Genetic Testing

Genetic testing is another area where science has had a significant impact on healthcare. With advancements in DNA sequencing technology, scientists are now able to analyze an individual’s genetic makeup and identify potential genetic disorders or predispositions to certain diseases.

This information can be used for early detection and prevention, allowing individuals to make informed decisions about their health. Genetic testing has also paved the way for personalized medicine, where treatments can be tailored to an individual’s specific genetic profile, leading to more effective and targeted therapies.

Energy and Environment

Renewable energy.

Renewable energy plays a crucial role in reducing our carbon footprint and preserving the environment. Solar power, for example, harnesses the energy from the sun and converts it into electricity, providing a sustainable and clean alternative to traditional fossil fuels.

Wind power is another example, where the kinetic energy of the wind is converted into electricity through wind turbines. According to the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), renewable energy accounted for 26% of global electricity generation in 2018, and this number is expected to rise significantly in the coming years.

Harnessing the power of renewable energy sources not only reduces greenhouse gas emissions but also leads to economic growth and job creation in the renewable energy sector.

Water Filtration and Conservation

Science has greatly contributed to improving water filtration systems and promoting water conservation. Advanced technologies such as reverse osmosis and ultraviolet (UV) disinfection are used to remove impurities and pathogens from water, making it safe for consumption.

These filtration systems are essential in areas where access to clean drinking water is limited. Additionally, scientific research has led to the development of water-saving devices and techniques, such as low-flow showerheads and rainwater harvesting systems.

These innovations help conserve water resources and reduce water wastage, ultimately benefiting both the environment and our daily lives.

Weather Forecasting

Weather forecasting relies heavily on scientific advancements to accurately predict and analyze weather patterns. Meteorologists use a variety of tools and technologies, including satellites, radar systems, and computer models, to collect data and make predictions about future weather conditions.

By understanding atmospheric phenomena and analyzing historical data, scientists can provide crucial information regarding upcoming storms, hurricanes, and other weather events. Accurate weather forecasts not only help us plan our daily activities but also play a vital role in disaster preparedness and mitigation efforts, potentially saving lives and minimizing damage.

Recycling and Waste Management

In today’s world, proper waste management and recycling have become essential for the health of our environment. Science has played a significant role in developing efficient recycling processes and waste management systems.

Recycling helps reduce the amount of waste sent to landfills and conserves valuable resources. Through various scientific methods, materials such as paper, plastic, glass, and metal can be recycled and used for the production of new products.

Furthermore, advancements in waste management technologies, such as waste-to-energy systems, enable the conversion of waste materials into renewable energy sources. These innovations not only reduce the environmental impact of waste but also contribute to a more sustainable and circular economy.

Science continues to drive innovations and advancements in the energy and environmental sectors. By embracing renewable energy, implementing efficient water filtration and conservation methods, improving weather forecasting accuracy, and promoting recycling and waste management, we can create a more sustainable and environmentally friendly future.

Transportation Innovations

Aircraft technology.

Aircraft technology has come a long way since the Wright brothers’ first flight. Today, we have advanced and sophisticated airplanes that allow us to travel to any corner of the world in a matter of hours.

From the use of composite materials to improve fuel efficiency, to the development of quieter engines and advanced navigation systems, science has played a crucial role in revolutionizing air travel. The aerodynamic design of modern airplanes allows them to achieve incredible speeds while maintaining stability and safety.

This not only makes air travel more convenient for passengers but also reduces the environmental impact of aviation.

Automotive Engineering

The field of automotive engineering has witnessed tremendous advancements, making our cars safer, more efficient, and more comfortable. Science has enabled the development of innovative safety features such as airbags, ABS brakes, and collision avoidance systems, which have significantly reduced the number of accidents and saved countless lives.

The use of lightweight materials and aerodynamic designs has made cars more fuel-efficient, reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Additionally, the integration of GPS technology and smart infotainment systems has made navigation and entertainment more convenient for drivers and passengers alike.

Traffic Optimization Systems

With the increasing number of vehicles on the road, traffic congestion has become a major issue in many cities around the world. Science has played a vital role in developing traffic optimization systems that help manage and reduce congestion.

These systems use advanced algorithms and real-time data to analyze traffic patterns and suggest the most efficient routes for drivers. By optimizing traffic flow, these systems not only save time for commuters but also reduce fuel consumption and air pollution.

Examples of such systems include smart traffic lights, intelligent transportation systems, and traffic management apps.

Supply Chain Logistics

Supply chain logistics involves the management and coordination of the flow of goods and services from the point of origin to the point of consumption. Science has revolutionized this field by introducing innovative technologies and processes that improve efficiency and reduce costs.

For example, the use of barcode scanning, RFID tags, and GPS tracking has made inventory management more accurate and streamlined. Advanced analytics and predictive modeling help optimize routing and scheduling, ensuring timely delivery while minimizing transportation costs.

These innovations have transformed the way goods are transported, making supply chains more efficient and responsive to customer demands.

Insights into Our World

Science plays a fundamental role in our daily lives, often in ways we may not even realize. From the stars in the sky to the products we use, science provides us with valuable insights and understanding. Let’s explore some examples of how science impacts our everyday activities.

Astronomy and Space Science

Have you ever looked up at the night sky and marveled at the stars? Astronomy, the study of celestial objects and phenomena, helps us understand the vastness of the universe. Through telescopes and satellites, scientists have made groundbreaking discoveries about galaxies, planets, and even the origins of the universe itself.

Websites like NASA offer a wealth of information and breathtaking images that bring the wonders of space closer to us.

Physics Principles at Work

Physics is the study of matter and energy, and its principles can be found in many aspects of our daily lives. For example, the laws of motion explain why objects fall to the ground, why vehicles move, and why we can ride a bicycle.

Understanding these principles allows us to design safer cars, build sturdy bridges, and even enjoy thrilling roller coaster rides. Physics is not just for scientists in labs; it’s all around us!

Earth Sciences – Climate, Seismology

Earth sciences, such as climatology and seismology, provide us with valuable knowledge about our planet. Climate science helps us understand the changes happening in our environment and the impact of human activities on the Earth’s climate.

Seismology, the study of earthquakes, allows us to monitor and predict seismic activity, helping to save lives and minimize damage. Websites like climate.gov and USGS offer comprehensive information on these topics.

Chemistry in Everyday Products

Chemistry is present in countless products we use every day, from cleaning supplies to personal care items. For instance, the chemical reactions that occur in batteries power our smartphones and other electronic devices.

Additionally, the development of new materials and pharmaceuticals relies heavily on chemical research. Understanding the principles of chemistry allows us to create safer and more efficient products. Websites like American Chemical Society provide valuable resources on the role of chemistry in our daily lives.

Science is an integral part of our lives, providing us with knowledge and improving our understanding of the world around us. Whether it’s exploring the mysteries of space, harnessing the power of physics, studying our planet’s climate, or utilizing chemistry in everyday products, science impacts our daily activities in profound ways.

As this extensive list of examples shows, science fundamentally shapes our daily lives in modern society. Cutting-edge innovations that enhance how we live, work, communicate, travel, stay healthy, and understand the world all stem from scientific discovery.

Fields like physics, chemistry, biology, astronomy, and engineering create astounding technologies, life-saving medications, and solutions for sustainability. They also unlock deeper insights into our own bodies, the environment, and the universe around us.

So whether you’re video chatting on your phone, cooking dinner, driving your car, or just breathing – you have science to thank! Our modern world simply would not function without the dedicated work of scientists pushing boundaries every day.

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45 Easy Science Experiments for Kids

Hello, STEM! These simple DIY activities can be done at home or in school.

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Imagine blowing the biggest bubbles imaginable — or even making bubbles within bubbles. Or sending vessels — rockets, tea bags, airplanes — soaring through the sky for impossible distances. Now imagine making things explode, or change colors, or reveal hidden messages with just a few simple mixtures.

First off, it's good to start them off with the scientific method. Give them a journal to record their observations, questions, hypotheses, experiments, results and conclusions. As always, safety counts: wear goggles and coats or aprons if need be (sometimes kids get a kick out of how scientific the protective gear makes them look), and always make sure that the kids are supervised when doing them. (Warning: Some of these are messy!)

These experiments are mostly designed for preschoolers through elementary schoolers — with a couple that are either demonstrations or better for older kids — but if you have a younger one, you can check out these 1-year-old learning activities , toddler learning activities and preschool/kindergarten learning activities , some of which also cover STEM subjects.

Floating Fish

Here's another one that deals with solubility and density.

• Draw the outline of a fish on the bottom of a glass plate or tray in dry-erase marker. Retrace your drawing to make sure all the lines are connected. Let dry for a minute or two.
• Fill the measuring cup with tap water. Place the pour spout just inside the corner of the dish and add water very slowly until it just covers the bottom. Be careful not to pour water directly onto your drawing or make splashes near it. The water will move toward your drawing, eventually surrounding it. Observe what happens. If the water splashes or it doesn’t work on your first try, empty the dish, erase the drawing with a paper towel, dry off the dish, and try again.
• Tilt the dish slightly from side to side. What happens? Jot it down.

The ink in dry erase markers is engineered to be slippery. It’s made with a chemical that causes it to easily release from surfaces. (Permanent markers are made with a chemical that makes the ink stick to surfaces, so be sure not to use these in your experiment!)

The easy-release ink lets go from a surface, but why does it float? There are two reasons. First, dry erase ink isn’t soluble, which means it won’t dissolve in water. Second, dry erase ink is less dense than the water, so it becomes buoyant, meaning it can float. When you tilt the dish, the fish moves around on the water’s surface.

From Good Housekeeping Amazing Science: 83 Hands-on S.T.E.A.M Experiments for Curious Kids! See more in the book »

Brush, Brush!

This one will really get them into brushing their teeth once they scientifically prove all the good things that toothpaste can do.

• Write on sticky notes: Soda 1, Soda 2, Juice 1, and Juice 2. Place them in a row on a counter.
• Fill two glasses halfway with brown soda and place behind the Soda 1 and Soda 2 sticky notes. Fill two glasses halfway with lemon juice and place behind the Juice 1 and Juice 2 sticky notes.
• Carefully place one egg in the bowl. Squeeze a big dollop — about one tablespoon — of toothpaste on top of the egg and gently rub the toothpaste all around with your hands until the egg is completely covered in a thick layer of toothpaste. Repeat with a second egg.
• Gently submerge the toothpaste-covered eggs into the liquids: one egg in the glass labeled Soda 1 and the other egg in the glass labeled Juice 1. Wash and dry your hands.
• Gently submerge the remaining eggs, without toothpaste on them, in the remaining glasses: one in the glass labeled Soda 2 and the other in the glass of juice labeled Juice 2. Wash and dry your hands. Leave the eggs in the glasses for 12 hours.
• After 12 hours, remove the eggs from the glasses of soda one at a time. Rinse them in cool water and pat them dry with the towel. Place each egg by the sticky note of the glass it was in. Are the eggs the same or different colors?
• Remove the eggs from the glasses of juice one at a time. Rinse them under the faucet and pat them dry. Place each egg by the sticky note of the glass it was in. Feel the eggs gently. Does one feel stronger or weaker than the other?
• Write down your observations in your science notebook.

The eggshells in this experiment represent the enamel (outer coating) on your teeth. Toothpaste cleans your teeth and prevents stains: it removes food and drink particles that are stuck on your teeth. Teeth can be stained easily by dark-colored liquids like cola, coffee or tea. The egg without toothpaste will be brown and discolored. The egg covered in toothpaste was protected from turning brown.

Toothpaste also protects your pearly whites from decay (breaking down). The egg without toothpaste left in the lemon juice was worn down and soft to the touch, while the egg that was protected with toothpaste is stronger. The lemon juice is acidic, and those acids broke down the shell just as acidic drinks can wear away your tooth enamel. When a tooth is worn down, a cavity can form more easily. But the fluoride in toothpaste mixes with your saliva to create a protective coating around your tooth enamel. It helps keep your teeth strong and cavity-free.

Grow an Avocado Tree

For an easy lesson in Earth Science, your family can grow an avocado tree from a pit. You can buy an AvoSeedo kit , or just peel the seed and suspend it over water with toothpicks.

Get the tutorial »

Milk Bottle Xylophone

No for an experiment in sound!

• Arrange six glass jars or bottles, all the same size with no lids, in a line. What will each jar sound like when you tap it with a spoon? Make a prediction, then tap each jar. Record your observations.
• Next, put water in each of the jars. Pour 1⁄4 cup (60 ml) of water into the first jar. Add 1⁄2 cup (120 ml) of water to the second jar. Continue in 1⁄4-cup increments, adding 3⁄4 cup (180 ml) of water to the third jar, 1 cup (240 ml) of water to the fourth jar, 11⁄4 cups (300 ml) of water to the fifth jar, and 11⁄2 cups (360 ml) to the sixth jar. Add a couple of drops of food coloring to each jar.
• What will each jar sound like? Will they sound the same or different than when the container was empty? Will they sound the same or different from one another? Record your predictions.
• Tap each jar with a metal spoon. Write down your observations about each jar’s pitch (how high or low a sound is) in your notebook.

Sound waves are created by vibrations, which are back-and-forth movements that are repeated again and again. Pitch depends on the frequency of the waves — how many are created each second. A high pitch is created by high-frequency sound waves, and can sound squeaky. A low pitch is created by low-frequency sound waves, and sounds deep and booming.

When you tapped the jar, it vibrated. The vibrations traveled from the jar to the water to the air and eventually to your ears. The jars with more water had a low pitch. The sound waves vibrated more slowly because they had more water to travel through. The jars with less water had higher pitches. The sound waves vibrated faster because they had less water to travel through. A jar with no water in it makes the highest pitch because it has the least substance to travel through.

"Elephant Toothpaste"

Okay, elephants don't really brush with this stuff, which is made from a chemical reaction between hydrogen peroxide, yeast, dish soap and a few other simple ingredients. But this experiment has a big "wow" factor since, when the substances are mixed, the "toothpaste" foams out of the bottle. You can use it to teach kids about catalysts and exothermic reactions.

Get the tutorial at Babble Dabble Do »

DIY Compass

Explore the way magnetism works, and how it affects everyday objects, by magnetizing a needle and making a DIY compass. You can even spin the compass in the water, and it'll end up pointing the right way again.

Get the tutorial at STEAM Powered Family »

Craft Stick Chain Reaction

Kids can learn about the differences between potential and kinetic energy with this chain reaction. It makes a big impact: Once the tension is released, the pom poms go flying through the air!

Get the the tutorial at Science Sparks »

Color-Changing Invisible Ink

Kids will feel like super-spies when they use this heatless method to reveal pictures or colors written with "invisible ink." You can try different acid/base combinations to see which one makes the most dramatic result.

Get the tutorial at Research Parent »

Paper Bridge

Get the engineering back into STEM with this activity, which challenges kids to create a paper bridge that's strong enough to hold as many pennies as possible. How can they manipulate the paper to make it sturdier? (Hint: Fold it!)

See the paper bridge tutorial at KidsActivities.com »

Challenge your little scientist to lift up an ice cube with just a piece of string. It's possible ... with a little salt to help. Salt melts the ice and lowers the freezing point of the ice cube, which absorbs the heat from the water around it, making the water cold enough to re-freeze around the string.

Get the tutorial at Playdough to Plato »

Marshmallow Catapult

Another lesson in potential and kinetic energy, kids will love sending mini marshmallows flying in the name of science. Change some of the variables and see how that affects the marshmallow's trajectory.

Get the tutorial at Hello, Wonderful »

Leaf Breathing

It's hard for kids to picture how plants and trees "breathe" through their leaves — until they see the bubbles appear on a leaf that's submerged in water. You can also teach them about photosynthesis by putting different leaves in different spots with varying levels of sunlight.

Get the tutorial at KC EDventures »

Hoop-and-Straw Airplane

We all remember how to fold those classic, triangular paper airplanes, but these hoop-and-straw airplanes fly way better (and straighter). Experiment by changing the length of the straw and the size of the hoops and see how it affects the flight.

Get the tutorial at Mombrite »

Film Canister Rocket

Blast off! You don't need jet fuel to make these rockets go, just Alka-Seltzer tablets and baking soda, but they'll be amazed when they achieve lift-off! (Note: If you can't find old film canisters, tubes of Airborne work, too.)

Get the tutorial at Raising Lifelong Learners »

Coin Inertia

Stack up about five or so coins on a piece of cardboard and place it over a glass of water. Then, flick the cardboard out from on top of the glass. Do the coins drop into the water, or ride with the cardboard? Due to inertia, they drop into the water — a very visual (and fun!) demonstration of Newton's First Law of Motion.

Get the tutorial at Engineering Emily »

Apple Oxidation

What works best for keeping an apple from turning brown? Test to find out! Slice up an apple, and let each slice soak in a different liquid. Then take them out, lay them on a tray, and check the brownness after three minutes, six minutes and so on. Not only does this test the properties of different liquids, it also helps students practice the scientific method if they create hypotheses about which liquids would be most effective.

Get the tutorial at Jennifer Findley »

RELATED: 50 Fun Activities for Kids Will Keep Them Entertained for Hours

Coffee Ground Fossils

By making a salt dough with coffee grounds and pressing various shapes into it (toy dinosaur feet, seashells), kids can get a better understanding of how fossils are made. If you poke a hole in the top before it dries, the kids can hang their "fossils" up in their rooms.

Get the tutorial at Crafts by Amanda »

Chromatography Flowers

Chromatography is the process of separating a solution into different parts — like the pigments in the ink used in markers. If you draw stripes around a coffee filter, then fold it up and dip the tip in water, the water will travel up the filter and separate the marker ink into its different pigments (in cool patterns that you can display as a craft project). This family made the end-result even brighter by adding an LED circuit to the center.

Get the tutorial at Steam Powered Family »

Water Walking

You'll need six containers of water for this one: three with clear water, one with red food coloring, one with blue coloring, and one with yellow coloring. Arrange them in a circle, alternating colored and clear containers, and make bridges between the containers with folded paper towels. Your kids will be amazed to see the colored water "walk" over the bridges and into the clear containers, mixing colors, and giving them a first-hand look at the magic of capillarity.

Get the tutorial at Fun Learning for Kids »

Sunscreen Test

This experiment puts the A (art) in STEAM: Paint different designs on construction paper with different sunscreens, leave the papers out in the sun and compare the results. Then, hang your "conclusions" on your fridge.

Get the tutorial at Tonya Staab »

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Science Experiments

35 Easy Science Experiments You Can Do Today!

Looking for easy science experiments to do at home or in the classroom? You’re in luck because we’ve got over 35 easy science activities for kids that will help you make science fun for all ages. 

Most of these simple science experiments for kids are easy to prepare, quick to perform, and use household items or inexpensive materials you can find almost anywhere. To connect the fun to the “why it works” you’ll find an easy to teach explanation with every experiment!

Musical Jars Science Experiment 

This super easy experiment is simple as it is fun! Kids make their own musical instruments with clear jars and water then investigate sound waves, pitch, and more.

When the experiment is complete, use the colorful new “instrument” for a fun music lesson. Kids can play and take turns to “name that tune”!

Detailed Instructions & Video Tutorial ->  Musical Jars Science Experiment

Viscosity of Liquids Science Experiment

Viscosity may be a confusing term for kids at first, but this super easy experiment can help them see viscosity in action!

With marbles, clear jars, and a few household materials, kids will make predictions, record data, and compare the results while they test high and low density liquids.

Detailed Instructions & Video Tutorial ->   Viscosity Science Experiment

Floating Egg Science Experiment

Can a solid egg float? Kids can find the answer and understand why with this quick science experiment. 

Discover just how easy it can be to make a raw egg float while testing the laws of density. We’ve included additional ideas to try so kids can make predictions and test the concept further.

Detailed Instructions & Video Tutorial ->   Floating Egg Science Experiment

Paper Towel Dry Under Water Experiment

Is it possible to keep a paper towel dry even when submerging it under water? The answer is a surprising “yes,” if you use science to help!

Start with the properties of your materials, make a prediction, then explore matter, density, volume, and more.

Detailed Instructions & Video Tutorial ->   Paper Towel Dry Under Water Experiment

Mixing Oil & Water Science Experiment

This simple experiment for kids helps them better understand density and the changes that happen when adding an emulsifier to the mix. 

Detailed Instructions & Video Tutorial ->   Mixing Oil & Water Experiment

Will it Float or Sink Science Experiment

Will it sink or will it float? This fun experiment challenges what students think they know about household items!

Students record their hypothesis for each item then test it to compare what they think will happen against their observations.

Detailed Instructions & Video Tutorial -> Float or Sink Science Experiment

Water Temperature Science Experiment

What does thermal energy look like? In this easy science experiment, kids are able to see thermal energy as they explore the concept in action.

With clear jars and food coloring, students can quickly see how molecules move differently through hot and cold water.

Detailed Instructions & Video Tutorial -> Water Temperature Science Experiment

Balloon Blow-up Science Experiment

Kids will discover how matter reacts when heated and cooled as they watch with surprise as baking soda and vinegar blow the balloon up before their eyes.

Detailed Instructions & Video Tutorial -> Balloon Blow-up Science Experiment

Floating Ping Pong Ball Science Experiment

Kids will giggle with joy with this super easy experiment. With only a ping pong ball and a hair dryer, students will have a great time while exploring Bernoulli’s Principle in action. 

We’ve included additional ideas to further explore the concept with different objects and observe the change in results.

Detailed Instructions & Video Tutorial -> Floating Ping Pong Ball Science Experiment

Hair Stand on End Science Experiment

It’s especially fun for those who’ve never seen static electricity in action before!

Detailed Instructions & Video Tutorial -> Hair Stand on End Science Experiment

Oil Bubbles in Water Science Experiment

Kids explore density and experience some chemistry when creating oil bubbles in water with everyday household items.

This experiment is particularly fun when kids see that they’ve made what looks like a lava lamp!

Detailed Instructions & Video Tutorial ->  Oil Bubbles in Water Science Experiment

Color Changing Water Science Experiment

Kids will be surprised as they watch a new color being “created” without mixing! Using only a clear bowl and glass, some food coloring, and water, this super easy science experiment is quick and easy with a huge wow factor. 

Try it with yellow and blue to follow along with our demonstration video then try different primary color combinations and explore the results.

Detailed Instructions & Video Tutorial ->  Color Changing Water Science Experiment

Magnetic Paper Clip Chain Science Experiment

It may seem a bit like magic but it’s actually science! It’s not hard to capture your kids’ attention with this quick and easy science experiment as they watch paper clips “stick” together and form a chain!

Perfect for younger children, the experiment only takes a few minutes and is a fun way to explore the concept of magnetic transference.

Detailed Instructions & Video Tutorial ->  Magnetic Paper Clip Chain Science Experiment

Is it Magnetic Science Experiment

With only a magnet and a few household items, kids will make and record their predictions, test and observe, then compare what they think is magnetic against the results.

Simple and quick, but some of the results may surprise your students!

Cloud in a Jar Experiment

This simple experiment only requires a few materials but really holds student attention as a cloud forms before their eyes!

Kids will learn new weather vocabulary as they explore how physical changes and reactions happen as clouds begin to take form. We’ve also included a helpful chart on the types of clouds.

Detailed Instructions & Video Tutorial ->  Cloud in a Jar Science Experiment

Magic Milk Science Experiment

Create a dancing rainbow of colors with this easy science experiment for kids!

Using only a few ordinary kitchen items, your students can create a color explosion in ordinary milk when they add our special ingredient. (Hint: The special ingredient (soap!) includes hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules that make the magic happen!)

Detailed Instructions & Video Tutorial ->  Magic Milk Science Experiment

Walking Water Science Experiment

Water can’t really walk upwards against gravity, but this cool science experiment makes it seem like it can! 

Kids are able to see the capillary action process and learn how attraction and adhesive forces in action allow water to move out of one glass into another. 

Detailed Instructions & Video Tutorial -> Walking Water Science Experiment

Light Refraction Science Experiment

The results of this easy science experiment are so amazing, it makes kids (and adults) think it must be magic!

Young scientists watch in surprise while they see an arrow change directions instantly. Investigating refraction couldn’t be more fun!

Detailed Instructions & Video Tutorial -> Light Refraction Science Experiment

Dancing Raisins Experiment

Learn about the reactions of buoyancy and density in this simple science activity for kids. 

They may not need dancing shoes, but give them a glass of soda pop and the raisins in this fun experiment love to dance!

Detailed Instructions & Video Tutorial -> Dancing Raisins Science Experiment

See Sound Experiment

Kids love this experiment because they are encouraged to drum loudly so they can “see” sound waves in action!

Detailed Instructions & Video Tutorial -> See Sound Science Experiment

Elephant Toothpaste Science Experiment

Grab some giant brushes and get ready to make elephant toothpaste! Although you might not be able to get an elephant excited by this super easy experiment, kids love it!

The impressive and quick results created by the chemical reaction and the heat released in the process makes an abundant amount of fun and colorful foam!

Detailed Instructions & Video Tutorial -> Elephant Toothpaste Science Experiment

Upside Down Glass of Water Science Experiment

We all know what happens when we turn a glass of water upside down, but what if I told you you can do it without the water spilling out?

The experiment only requires a few common items and you’ll be amazed by the results of air pressure in action!

Detailed Instructions & Video Tutorial -> Upside Down Glass of Water Science Experiment

Pick up Ball with a Jar Science Experiment

It almost seems like magic but with the help of science, you can pick up a ball with an open jar!

Instead of magic, this easy science activity uses centripetal force and practice to do what seems like the impossible. 

Detailed Instructions & Video Tutorial -> Pick up Ball with a Jar Experiment

Will It Melt Science Experiment

Can you guess which items will melt? This easy outside experiment challenges what students think they know about the effects of the sun.

Pepper Move Science Experiment

Can you make pepper move and zoom away with just a light touch of your finger? With science you can!

This experiment only takes a few quick minutes from beginning to end, but the reaction caused by surface tension makes kids want to do it over and over. 

Detailed Instructions & Video Tutorial ->  Pepper Move Science Experiment

Crush a Plastic Bottle Science Experiment

Go for it, crush that bottle, but don’t touch it! Although it usually can’t be seen or touched, air pressure is pushing against all surfaces at all times.

With this easy science activity kids can see air pressure at work when they watch a bottle crushes itself!

Detailed Instructions & Video Tutorial -> Crush a Plastic Bottle Science Experiment

Egg in Vinegar Science Experiment

This vinegar science experiment will have your eggs and kids bouncing (with excitement!) before you know it!

Kids can watch and explore the results of chemical reactions as the egg changes from something that seems solid into what feels like something bouncy!

Detailed Instructions & Video Tutorial -> Egg in Vinegar Science Experiment

Straw Through a Potato Science Experiment

Can you make a normal plastic straw go into a raw, solid potato? It seems like something impossible, but science can easily make it possible!

Pick your potatoes then let kids try their strength as they explore air pressure with this super easy experiment.

Detailed Instructions & Video Tutorial -> Straw Through a Potato Science Experiment

Rainbow in a Jar Science Experiment

With only a few household items, they’ll explore mass, volume, and density with every color layer!

Detailed Instructions & Video Tutorial -> Rainbow in a Jar Experiment

Tornado in a Bottle Science Experiment

Kids can have fun while learning more about centripetal force with this fun experiment.

With a little muscle and science, kids watch with amazement as they create their own glitter cyclone in a bottle as the centripetal force vortex appears.

Detailed Instructions & Video Tutorial -> Tornado in a Bottle Science Experiment

Why Doesn’t the Water Leak Science Experiment

Can you poke holes in a plastic bag full of water without the water leaking out? With this super easy science activity you can!

Kids are stunned as they learn about polymers and how they can do what seems to be impossible.

Detailed Instructions & Video Tutorial -> Why Doesn’t the Water Leak Science Experiment

Use a Bottle to Blow-up a Balloon Experiment

Is it possible to blow up a balloon with only water and science? 

In this super easy experiment, kids learn more about how matter behaves as they watch a balloon inflate and deflate as a result of matter being heated and cooled.

Detailed Instructions & Video Tutorial -> Use a Bottle to Blow-up a Balloon Experiment

Orange Float Science Experiment

Kids explore buoyancy as they learn about and test density in this sink or float science activity.

While it only takes a few minutes, this super easy experiment invites kids to predict what they think will happen then discuss why the heavier orange floats!

Detailed Instructions & Video Tutorial -> Orange Float Science Experiment

Pick up Ice with String Science Experiment

With only a few household items, kids learn about freezing temperatures and the results they create in saltwater versus freshwater.

Detailed Instructions & Video Tutorial -> Pick Up Ice with String Science Experiment

Color Changing Walking Water Experiment

Using the concepts explored in our popular Walking Water Science Experiment, kids will see color walk from one glass to another and change colors as it goes!

The quick experiment seems to defy gravity like magic, but don’t worry, kids can find out how science makes it work!

Detailed Instructions & Video Tutorial -> Color Changing Walking Water Experiment

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Easy Chemistry Experiments to Do at Home

These 12 projects use materials you probably already have

• Activities for Kids
• Chemical Laws
• Periodic Table
• Projects & Experiments
• Scientific Method
• Biochemistry
• Physical Chemistry
• Medical Chemistry
• Chemistry In Everyday Life
• Famous Chemists
• Abbreviations & Acronyms
• Weather & Climate
• Ph.D., Biomedical Sciences, University of Tennessee at Knoxville
• B.A., Physics and Mathematics, Hastings College

Want to do science but don't have your own laboratory? Don't worry. This list of science activities will allow you to perform experiments and projects with materials you likely already have in your cupboards .

You don't need esoteric chemicals and a lab to have a good time with chemistry. Yes, your average fourth-grader can make slime , but that doesn't mean it's any less fun when you're older.

Borax Snowflake

Anne Helmenstine

Making a borax snowflake is a crystal-growing project that is safe and easy enough for kids. You can make shapes other than snowflakes, and you can color the crystals. The snowflakes sparkle really nicely. If you use these as Christmas decorations and store them, the borax is a natural insecticide and will help keep your long-term storage area pest-free. If they develop a white precipitant, lightly rinse them but don't dissolve too much crystal.

Mentos and Diet Soda Fountain

This is a backyard activity best accompanied  by a garden hose . The  Mentos fountain  is more spectacular  than a baking soda volcano . If you make the volcano and find the eruption to be disappointing, substitute these ingredients.

Penny Chemistry

You can clean pennies, coat them with verdigris, and plate them with copper. This project demonstrates several chemical processes , yet the materials are easy to find and the science is safe enough for kids.

Invisible Ink

Invisible inks either react with another chemical to become visible or else weaken the structure of the paper so the message appears if you hold it over a heat source. But we're not talking about fire here; the heat of a normal light bulb is all that's required to darken the lettering. This baking soda recipe is nice because if you don't want to use a light bulb to reveal the message, you can just swab the paper with grape juice instead.

Colored Fire

Fire is fun. Colored fire is even better. These additives are safe. They won't, in general, produce smoke that is any better or worse for you than normal wood smoke. Depending on what you add, the ashes will have a different elemental composition from a normal wood fire, but if you're burning trash or printed material, you have a similar result. This is suitable for a home fire or campfire, plus most chemicals are found around the house (even of non-chemists).

Seven-Layer Density Column

Make a  density column with many liquid layers . Heavier liquids sink to the bottom, while lighter (less dense) liquids float on top. This is an easy, fun, colorful science project that illustrates the concepts of density and miscibility.

Homemade Ice Cream in a Plastic Bag

Science experiments can taste good! Whether you're learning about  freezing point depression or not, the ice cream is a delicious result either way. This cooking chemistry project potentially uses no dishes, so cleanup can be very easy.

Hot Ice (Sodium Acetate)

Got vinegar and  baking soda ? If so, you can make " hot ice ," or sodium  acetate , and then cause it to instantly crystallize from a liquid into "ice." The reaction generates heat, so the ice is hot. It happens so quickly that you can form crystal towers as you pour the liquid into a dish.

Burning Money

The " burning money trick " is a  magic trick   using chemistry . You can set a bill on fire, yet it won't burn. Are you brave enough to try it? All you need is a real bill.

Coffee Filter Chromatography

Exploring separation chemistry with coffee filter chromatography is a snap. A coffee filter works well, though if you don't drink coffee you can substitute a paper towel. You can also devise a project comparing the separation you get using different brands of paper towels. Leaves from outdoors can provide pigments. Frozen spinach is another good choice.

A Guide to Using the Scientific Method in Everyday Life

The  scientific method —the process used by scientists to understand the natural world—has the merit of investigating natural phenomena in a rigorous manner. Working from hypotheses, scientists draw conclusions based on empirical data. These data are validated on large-scale numbers and take into consideration the intrinsic variability of the real world. For people unfamiliar with its intrinsic jargon and formalities, science may seem esoteric. And this is a huge problem: science invites criticism because it is not easily understood. So why is it important, then, that every person understand how science is done?

Because the scientific method is, first of all, a matter of logical reasoning and only afterwards, a procedure to be applied in a laboratory.

Individuals without training in logical reasoning are more easily victims of distorted perspectives about themselves and the world. An example is represented by the so-called “ cognitive biases ”—systematic mistakes that individuals make when they try to think rationally, and which lead to erroneous or inaccurate conclusions. People can easily  overestimate the relevance  of their own behaviors and choices. They can  lack the ability to self-estimate the quality of their performances and thoughts . Unconsciously, they could even end up selecting only the arguments  that support their hypothesis or beliefs . This is why the scientific framework should be conceived not only as a mechanism for understanding the natural world, but also as a framework for engaging in logical reasoning and discussion.

A brief history of the scientific method

The scientific method has its roots in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Philosophers Francis Bacon and René Descartes are often credited with formalizing the scientific method because they contrasted the idea that research should be guided by metaphysical pre-conceived concepts of the nature of reality—a position that, at the time,  was highly supported by their colleagues . In essence, Bacon thought that  inductive reasoning based on empirical observation was critical to the formulation of hypotheses  and the  generation of new understanding : general or universal principles describing how nature works are derived only from observations of recurring phenomena and data recorded from them. The inductive method was used, for example, by the scientist Rudolf Virchow to formulate the third principle of the notorious  cell theory , according to which every cell derives from a pre-existing one. The rationale behind this conclusion is that because all observations of cell behavior show that cells are only derived from other cells, this assertion must be always true. 

Inductive reasoning, however, is not immune to mistakes and limitations. Referring back to cell theory, there may be rare occasions in which a cell does not arise from a pre-existing one, even though we haven’t observed it yet—our observations on cell behavior, although numerous, can still benefit from additional observations to either refute or support the conclusion that all cells arise from pre-existing ones. And this is where limited observations can lead to erroneous conclusions reasoned inductively. In another example, if one never has seen a swan that is not white, they might conclude that all swans are white, even when we know that black swans do exist, however rare they may be.  

The universally accepted scientific method, as it is used in science laboratories today, is grounded in  hypothetico-deductive reasoning . Research progresses via iterative empirical testing of formulated, testable hypotheses (formulated through inductive reasoning). A testable hypothesis is one that can be rejected (falsified) by empirical observations, a concept known as the  principle of falsification . Initially, ideas and conjectures are formulated. Experiments are then performed to test them. If the body of evidence fails to reject the hypothesis, the hypothesis stands. It stands however until and unless another (even singular) empirical observation falsifies it. However, just as with inductive reasoning, hypothetico-deductive reasoning is not immune to pitfalls—assumptions built into hypotheses can be shown to be false, thereby nullifying previously unrejected hypotheses. The bottom line is that science does not work to prove anything about the natural world. Instead, it builds hypotheses that explain the natural world and then attempts to find the hole in the reasoning (i.e., it works to disprove things about the natural world).

How do scientists test hypotheses?

Controlled experiments

The word “experiment” can be misleading because it implies a lack of control over the process. Therefore, it is important to understand that science uses controlled experiments in order to test hypotheses and contribute new knowledge. So what exactly is a controlled experiment, then? 

Let us take a practical example. Our starting hypothesis is the following: we have a novel drug that we think inhibits the division of cells, meaning that it prevents one cell from dividing into two cells (recall the description of cell theory above). To test this hypothesis, we could treat some cells with the drug on a plate that contains nutrients and fuel required for their survival and division (a standard cell biology assay). If the drug works as expected, the cells should stop dividing. This type of drug might be useful, for example, in treating cancers because slowing or stopping the division of cells would result in the slowing or stopping of tumor growth.

Although this experiment is relatively easy to do, the mere process of doing science means that several experimental variables (like temperature of the cells or drug, dosage, and so on) could play a major role in the experiment. This could result in a failed experiment when the drug actually does work, or it could give the appearance that the drug is working when it is not. Given that these variables cannot be eliminated, scientists always run control experiments in parallel to the real ones, so that the effects of these other variables can be determined.  Control experiments  are designed so that all variables, with the exception of the one under investigation, are kept constant. In simple terms, the conditions must be identical between the control and the actual experiment.     

Coming back to our example, when a drug is administered it is not pure. Often, it is dissolved in a solvent like water or oil. Therefore, the perfect control to the actual experiment would be to administer pure solvent (without the added drug) at the same time and with the same tools, where all other experimental variables (like temperature, as mentioned above) are the same between the two (Figure 1). Any difference in effect on cell division in the actual experiment here can be attributed to an effect of the drug because the effects of the solvent were controlled.

In order to provide evidence of the quality of a single, specific experiment, it needs to be performed multiple times in the same experimental conditions. We call these multiple experiments “replicates” of the experiment (Figure 2). The more replicates of the same experiment, the more confident the scientist can be about the conclusions of that experiment under the given conditions. However, multiple replicates under the same experimental conditions  are of no help  when scientists aim at acquiring more empirical evidence to support their hypothesis. Instead, they need  independent experiments  (Figure 3), in their own lab and in other labs across the world, to validate their results. 

Often times, especially when a given experiment has been repeated and its outcome is not fully clear, it is better  to find alternative experimental assays  to test the hypothesis. 

Applying the scientific approach to everyday life

So, what can we take from the scientific approach to apply to our everyday lives?

A few weeks ago, I had an agitated conversation with a bunch of friends concerning the following question: What is the definition of intelligence?

Defining “intelligence” is not easy. At the beginning of the conversation, everybody had a different, “personal” conception of intelligence in mind, which – tacitly – implied that the conversation could have taken several different directions. We realized rather soon that someone thought that an intelligent person is whoever is able to adapt faster to new situations; someone else thought that an intelligent person is whoever is able to deal with other people and empathize with them. Personally, I thought that an intelligent person is whoever displays high cognitive skills, especially in abstract reasoning. 

The scientific method has the merit of providing a reference system, with precise protocols and rules to follow. Remember: experiments must be reproducible, which means that an independent scientists in a different laboratory, when provided with the same equipment and protocols, should get comparable results.  Fruitful conversations as well need precise language, a kind of reference vocabulary everybody should agree upon, in order to discuss about the same “content”. This is something we often forget, something that was somehow missing at the opening of the aforementioned conversation: even among friends, we should always agree on premises, and define them in a rigorous manner, so that they are the same for everybody. When speaking about “intelligence”, we must all make sure we understand meaning and context of the vocabulary adopted in the debate (Figure 4, point 1).  This is the first step of “controlling” a conversation.

There is another downside that a discussion well-grounded in a scientific framework would avoid. The mistake is not structuring the debate so that all its elements, except for the one under investigation, are kept constant (Figure 4, point 2). This is particularly true when people aim at making comparisons between groups to support their claim. For example, they may try to define what intelligence is by comparing the  achievements in life of different individuals: “Stephen Hawking is a brilliant example of intelligence because of his great contribution to the physics of black holes”. This statement does not help to define what intelligence is, simply because it compares Stephen Hawking, a famous and exceptional physicist, to any other person, who statistically speaking, knows nothing about physics. Hawking first went to the University of Oxford, then he moved to the University of Cambridge. He was in contact with the most influential physicists on Earth. Other people were not. All of this, of course, does not disprove Hawking’s intelligence; but from a logical and methodological point of view, given the multitude of variables included in this comparison, it cannot prove it. Thus, the sentence “Stephen Hawking is a brilliant example of intelligence because of his great contribution to the physics of black holes” is not a valid argument to describe what intelligence is. If we really intend to approximate a definition of intelligence, Steven Hawking should be compared to other physicists, even better if they were Hawking’s classmates at the time of college, and colleagues afterwards during years of academic research. 

In simple terms, as scientists do in the lab, while debating we should try to compare groups of elements that display identical, or highly similar, features. As previously mentioned, all variables – except for the one under investigation – must be kept constant.

This insightful piece  presents a detailed analysis of how and why science can help to develop critical thinking.

In a nutshell

Here is how to approach a daily conversation in a rigorous, scientific manner:

• First discuss about the reference vocabulary, then discuss about the content of the discussion.  Think about a researcher who is writing down an experimental protocol that will be used by thousands of other scientists in varying continents. If the protocol is rigorously written, all scientists using it should get comparable experimental outcomes. In science this means reproducible knowledge, in daily life this means fruitful conversations in which individuals are on the same page. 
• Adopt “controlled” arguments to support your claims.  When making comparisons between groups, visualize two blank scenarios. As you start to add details to both of them, you have two options. If your aim is to hide a specific detail, the better is to design the two scenarios in a completely different manner—it is to increase the variables. But if your intention is to help the observer to isolate a specific detail, the better is to design identical scenarios, with the exception of the intended detail—it is therefore to keep most of the variables constant. This is precisely how scientists ideate adequate experiments to isolate new pieces of knowledge, and how individuals should orchestrate their thoughts in order to test them and facilitate their comprehension to others.   

Not only the scientific method should offer individuals an elitist way to investigate reality, but also an accessible tool to properly reason and discuss about it.

Edited by Jason Organ, PhD, Indiana University School of Medicine.

Simone is a molecular biologist on the verge of obtaining a doctoral title at the University of Ulm, Germany. He is Vice-Director at Culturico (https://culturico.com/), where his writings span from Literature to Sociology, from Philosophy to Science. His writings recently appeared in Psychology Today, openDemocracy, Splice Today, Merion West, Uncommon Ground and The Society Pages. Follow Simone on Twitter: @simredaelli

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This has to be the best article I have ever read on Scientific Thinking. I am presently writing a treatise on how Scientific thinking can be adopted to entreat all situations.And how, a 4 year old child can be taught to adopt Scientific thinking, so that, the child can look at situations that bothers her and she could try to think about that situation by formulating the right questions. She may not have the tools to find right answers? But, forming questions by using right technique ? May just make her find a way to put her mind to rest even at that level. That is why, 4 year olds are often “eerily: (!)intelligent, I have iften been intimidated and plain embarrassed to see an intelligent and well spoken 4 year old deal with celibrity ! Of course, there are a lot of variables that have to be kept in mind in order to train children in such controlled thinking environment, as the screenplay of little Sheldon shows. Thanking the author with all my heart – #ershadspeak #wearescience #weareallscientists Ershad Khandker

Simone, thank you for this article. I have the idea that I want to apply what I learned in Biology to everyday life. You addressed this issue, and have given some basic steps in using the scientific method.

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Examples of Chemical Reactions in Everyday Life

Chemical reactions occur everywhere in the world around you, not just in a chemistry lab. Here are 20 examples of chemical reactions in everyday life and a closer look at what’s happening on a molecular level.

How to Recognize a Chemical Reaction

The first step to recognizing chemical reactions in the world around you is identifying when a reaction is taking place. Chemical reactions cause chemical changes . In other words, substances interact and form new products . Not every change in matter is a chemical reaction . For example, melting ice, tearing a sheet of paper into strips, and dissolving sugar in water are physical changes that don’t change the chemical identity of matter .

Here are some signs of a chemical reaction. If more than one sign is present, it’s likely a reaction has occurred:

• Temperature change
• Color change
• Bubbling or gas production
• Formation of a solid called a precipitate when liquids are mixed

20 Examples of Chemical Reactions in Everyday Life

Here are some broad examples of chemical reactions in daily life:

Photosynthesis

• Aerobic cellular respiration
• Anaerobic respiration (including fermentation )
• Oxidation (including rust)
• Metathesis reactions (such as baking soda and vinegar)
• Electrochemistry (including chemical batteries)
• Soap and detergent reactions
• Acid-base reactions
• Rotting of food
• Electroplating metals
• Disinfecting surfaces and contact lenses
• Leaves changing color with seasons
• Salt keeping ice off roads and helping to freeze ice cream

Examples of Organic Compounds

Some chemicals are inorganic, while those with carbon and hydrogen are organic. Here are examples in everyday life.

A Closer Look at Chemical Reactions in Daily Life

Here is a closer look at some everyday reactions, along with some chemical equations.

You experience combustion reactions when you strike a match, burn a candle, start a campfire, or light a grill. In a combustion reaction, a fuel reacts with oxygen from air to produce water and carbon dioxide. Here is the reaction for the combustion of propane, a fuel used in gas grills and some fireplaces: C 3 H 8  + 5O 2  → 4H 2 O + 3CO 2  + energy 

Plants use a chemical reaction called photosynthesis to convert carbon dioxide and water into food (glucose) and oxygen. It’s a key reaction because it generates oxygen and yields food for plants and animals. The overall chemical reaction for photosynthesis is: 6 CO 2  + 6 H 2 O + light → C​ 6 H 12 O 6  + 6 O 2

Aerobic Cellular Respiration

Animals use the oxygen provided by plants to perform essentially the reverse reaction of photosynthesis to get energy for cells. Aerobic respiration reacts glucose and oxygen to form water and chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate ( ATP ). Here is the overall equation for aerobic cellular respiration: C 6 H 12 O 6  + 6O 2  → 6CO 2  + 6H 2 O + energy (36 ATP)

Anaerobic Cellular Respiration

Organisms also have ways of getting energy without oxygen. Humans use anaerobic respiration during intense or prolonged exercise to get enough energy to muscle cells. Yeast and bacteria use anerobic respiration in the form of fermentation to make everyday products, such as wine, vinegar, yogurt, bread, cheese, and beer. The equation for one form of anerobic respiration is: C 6 H 12 O 6  → 2C 2 H 5 OH + 2CO 2  + energy

Rust, verdigris, and tarnish are all examples of common oxidation reactions. When iron rusts, it changes color and texture to form a flake coating called rust. The reaction also releases heat, but it usually occurs too slowly for this to be noticeable. Here is the chemical equation for the rusting of iron: Fe + O 2  + H 2 O → Fe 2 O 3 . XH 2 O

Electrochemistry

Electrochemical reactions are redox (oxidation and reduction) reactions that convert chemical energy into electrical energy. The type of reaction depends on the battery. Spontaneous reactions occur in galvanic cells, while nonspontaneous reactions take place in electrolytic cells.

Digestion is a complex process that involves thousands of chemical reactions. When you put food in your mouth, water and the enzyme amylase breaks down sugar and other carbohydrates into simpler molecules. Hydrochloric acid and enzymes break down proteins in your stomach. Sodium bicarbonate released into the small intestine neutralizes the acid and protects the digestive tract from dissolving itself.

Soap and Detergent Reactions

Washing your hands with water isn’t a chemical reaction because you’re just mechanically rinsing away grime. But, when you add soap or detergent, chemical reactions occur that emulsify grease and lower surface tension so you can remove oily grime. Even more reactions occur in laundry detergent, which may contain enzymes to break apart proteins and whiteners to prevent clothes from looking dingy.

Just mixing dry ingredients usually doesn’t result in a chemical reaction. But, adding a liquid ingredient often results in a reaction. Cooking with heat also causes reactions. Mixing flour, sugar, and salt is not a chemical reaction. Neither is mixing oil and vinegar. Cooking an egg is a chemical reaction because heat polymerizes proteins in egg white, while the hydrogen and sulfur in the yolk can react to form hydrogen sulfide gas. When you heat sugar, a reaction called caramelization occurs. When you heat meat, it browns due to the Maillard reaction . Baked goods rise due to carbon dioxide bubbles formed by the reaction between baking powder or soda and liquid ingredients.

Acid-Base Reactions

Acid-base reactions occur anytime you mix an acid (e.g., lemon juice, vinegar, muriatic acid, battery acid, carbonic acid from carbonated beverages) with a base (e.g., baking soda, ammonia, lye). A good example of an acid-base reaction is the reaction between baking soda and vinegar to form sodium acetate, water, and carbon dioxide gas: NaHCO 3  + HC 2 H 3 O 2  → NaC 2 H 3 O 2  + H 2 O + CO 2 In general, a reaction between an acid and a base produces a salt and water. For example, if you react muriatic acid (HCl) and lye (NaOH), you get table salt (NaCl) and water (H 2 O): HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H 2 O In this reaction, two clear liquids form another clear liquid, but you can tell a reaction occurs because it releases a lot of heat.

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68 Best Chemistry Experiments: Learn About Chemical Reactions

Whether you’re a student eager to explore the wonders of chemical reactions or a teacher seeking to inspire and engage your students, we’ve compiled a curated list of the top 68 chemistry experiments so you can learn about chemical reactions.

While the theories and laws governing chemistry can sometimes feel abstract, experiments bridge the gap between these concepts and their tangible manifestations. These experiments provide hands-on experiences illuminating the intricacies of chemical reactions, molecular structures, and elemental properties.

1. Covalent Bonds

By engaging in activities that demonstrate the formation and properties of covalent bonds, students can grasp the significance of these bonds in holding atoms together and shaping the world around us.

Learn more: Covalent Bonds

2. Sulfuric Acid and Sugar Demonstration

Through this experiment, students can develop a deeper understanding of chemical properties, appreciate the power of chemical reactions, and ignite their passion for scientific exploration.

3. Make Hot Ice at Home

Making hot ice at home is a fascinating chemistry experiment that allows students to witness the captivating transformation of a liquid into a solid with a surprising twist.

4. Make a Bouncing Polymer Ball

This hands-on activity not only allows students to explore the fascinating properties of polymers but also encourages experimentation and creativity.

Learn more: Thought Co

5. Diffusion Watercolor Art

This experiment offers a wonderful opportunity for students to explore the properties of pigments, observe how they interact with water, and discover the mesmerizing patterns and textures that emerge.

Learn more: Diffusion Watercolor Art

6. Exploding Baggie

The exploding baggie experiment is a captivating and dynamic demonstration that students should engage in with caution and under the supervision of a qualified instructor.

Learn more: Exploding Baggie

7. Color Changing Chemistry Clock

This experiment not only engages students in the world of chemical kinetics but also introduces them to the concept of a chemical clock, where the color change acts as a timekeeping mechanism.

Learn more: Color Changing Chemistry Clock

8. Pipe Cleaner Crystal Trees

By adjusting the concentration of the Borax solution or experimenting with different pipe cleaner arrangements, students can customize their crystal trees and observe how it affects the growth patterns.

Learn more: Pipe Cleaner Crystal Trees

9. How To Make Ice Sculptures

Through this experiment, students gain a deeper understanding of the physical and chemical changes that occur when water freezes and melts.

Learn more: Ice Sculpture

10. How to Make Paper

Through this hands-on activity, students gain a deeper understanding of the properties of cellulose fibers and the transformative power of chemical reactions.

Learn more: How to Make Paper

11. Color Changing Chemistry

Color changing chemistry is an enchanting experiment that offers a captivating blend of science and art. Students should embark on this colorful journey to witness the mesmerizing transformations of chemicals and explore the principles of chemical reactions.

12. Gassy Banana

The gassy banana experiment is a fun and interactive way for students to explore the principles of chemical reactions and gas production.

Learn more: Gassy Banana

13. Gingerbread Man Chemistry Experiment

This hands-on activity not only introduces students to the concepts of chemical leavening and heat-induced reactions but also allows for creativity in decorating and personalizing their gingerbread creations.

Learn more: Gingerbread Man Chemistry Experiment

14. Make Amortentia Potion

While the love potion is fictional, this activity offers a chance to explore the art of potion-making and the chemistry behind it.

Learn more: How to Make Amortentia Potion

15. Strawberry DNA Extraction

This hands-on experiment offers a unique opportunity to observe DNA, the building blocks of life, up close and learn about its structure and properties.

16. Melting Snowman

The melting snowman experiment is a fun and whimsical activity that allows students to explore the principles of heat transfer and phase changes.

Learn more: Melting Snowman

17. Acid Base Cabbage Juice

The acid-base cabbage juice experiment is an engaging and colorful activity that allows students to explore the pH scale and the properties of acids and bases.

By extracting the purple pigment from red cabbage leaves and creating cabbage juice, students can use this natural indicator to identify and differentiate between acidic and basic substances.

Learn more: Acid Base Cabbage Juice

18. Magic Milk

The magic milk experiment is a mesmerizing and educational activity that allows students to explore the concepts of surface tension and chemical reactions.

By adding drops of different food colors to a dish of milk and then introducing a small amount of dish soap, students can witness a captivating display of swirling colors and patterns.

Learn more: Magic Milk

19. Melting Ice with Salt and Water

Through this hands-on activity, students can gain a deeper understanding of the science behind de-icing and how different substances can influence the physical properties of water.

Learn more: Melting Ice with Salt and Water

20. Barking Dog Chemistry Demonstration

The barking dog chemistry demonstration is an exciting and visually captivating experiment that showcases the principles of combustion and gas production.

21. How to Make Egg Geodes

Making egg geodes is a fascinating and creative chemistry experiment that students should try. By using common materials like eggshells, salt, and food coloring, students can create their own beautiful geode-like crystals.

Learn more: How to Make Egg Geodes

22. Make Sherbet

This experiment not only engages the taste buds but also introduces concepts of acidity, solubility, and the chemical reactions that occur when the sherbet comes into contact with moisture.

Learn more: Make Sherbet

23. Hatch a Baking Soda Dinosaur Egg

As the baking soda dries and hardens around the toy, it forms a “shell” resembling a dinosaur egg. To hatch the egg, students can pour vinegar onto the shell, causing a chemical reaction that produces carbon dioxide gas.

Learn more: Steam Powered Family

24. Chromatography Flowers

By analyzing the resulting patterns, students can gain insights into the different pigments present in flowers and the science behind their colors.

Learn more: Chromatography Flowers

25. Turn Juice Into Solid

Turning juice into a solid through gelification is an engaging and educational chemistry experiment that students should try. By exploring the transformation of a liquid into a solid, students can gain insights of chemical reactions and molecular interactions.

Learn more: Turn Juice into Solid

26. Bouncy Balls

Making bouncy balls allows students to explore the fascinating properties of polymers, such as their ability to stretch and rebound.

 27. Make a Lemon Battery

Creating a lemon battery is a captivating and hands-on experiment that allows students to explore the fundamentals of electricity and chemical reactions.

28. Mentos and Soda Project

The Mentos and soda project is a thrilling and explosive experiment that students should try. By dropping Mentos candies into a bottle of carbonated soda, an exciting eruption occurs.

29. Alkali Metal in Water

The reaction of alkali metals with water is a fascinating and visually captivating chemistry demonstration.

30. Rainbow Flame

The rainbow flame experiment is a captivating and visually stunning chemistry demonstration that students should explore.

31. Sugar Yeast Experiment

This experiment not only introduces students to the concept of fermentation but also allows them to witness the effects of a living organism, yeast, on the sugar substrate.

32. The Thermite Reaction

The thermite reaction is a highly energetic and visually striking chemical reaction that students can explore with caution and under proper supervision.

This experiment showcases the principles of exothermic reactions, oxidation-reduction, and the high temperatures that can be achieved through chemical reactions.

33. Polishing Pennies

Polishing pennies is a simple and enjoyable chemistry experiment that allows students to explore the concepts of oxidation and cleaning methods.

34. Elephant Toothpaste

The elephant toothpaste experiment is a thrilling and visually captivating chemistry demonstration that students should try with caution and under the guidance of a knowledgeable instructor.

35. Magic Potion

Creating a magic potion is an exciting and imaginative activity that allows students to explore their creativity while learning about the principles of chemistry.

36. Color Changing Acid-Base Experiment

Through the color changing acid-base experiment, students can gain a deeper understanding of chemical reactions and the role of pH in our daily lives.

Learn more: Color Changing Acid-Base Experiment

37. Fill up a Balloon

Filling up a balloon is a simple and enjoyable physics experiment that demonstrates the properties of air pressure. By blowing air into a balloon, you can observe how the balloon expands and becomes inflated.

38. Jello and Vinegar

The combination of Jello and vinegar is a fascinating and tasty chemistry experiment that demonstrates the effects of acid on a gelatin-based substance.

Learn more: Jello and Vinegar

39. Vinegar and Steel Wool Reaction

This experiment not only provides a visual demonstration of the oxidation process but also introduces students to the concept of corrosion and the role of acids in accelerating the process.

Learn more: Vinegar and Steel Wool Reaction

40. Dancing Rice

The dancing rice experiment is a captivating and educational demonstration that showcases the principles of density and buoyancy.

By pouring a small amount of uncooked rice into a clear container filled with water, students can witness the rice grains moving and “dancing” in the water.

Learn more: Dancing Rice

41. Soil Testing Garden Science

Soil testing is a valuable and informative experiment that allows students to assess the composition and properties of soil.

By collecting soil samples from different locations and analyzing them, students can gain insights into the nutrient content, pH level, and texture of the soil.

Learn more: Soil Testing Garden Science

42. Heat Sensitive Color Changing Slime

Creating heat-sensitive color-changing slime is a captivating and playful chemistry experiment that students should try.

Learn more: Left Brain Craft Brain

43. Experimenting with Viscosity

Experimenting with viscosity is an engaging and hands-on activity that allows students to explore the flow properties of liquids.

Viscosity refers to a liquid’s resistance to flow, and this experiment enables students to investigate how different factors affect viscosity.

Learn more: Experimenting with Viscosity

44. Rock Candy Science

Rock candy science is a delightful and educational chemistry experiment that students should try. By growing their own rock candy crystals, students can learn about crystal formation and explore the principles of solubility and saturation.

Learn more: Rock Candy Science

45. Baking Soda vs Baking Powder

Baking soda and baking powder have distinct properties that influence the leavening process in different ways.

This hands-on experiment provides a practical understanding of how these ingredients interact with acids and moisture to create carbon dioxide gas.

46. Endothermic and Exothermic Reactions Experiment

The endothermic and exothermic reactions experiment is an exciting and informative chemistry exploration that students should try.

By observing and comparing the heat changes in different reactions, students can gain a deeper understanding of energy transfer and the concepts of endothermic and exothermic processes.

Learn more: Education.com

47. Diaper Chemistry

By dissecting a diaper and examining its components, students can uncover the chemical processes that make diapers so effective at absorbing and retaining liquids.

Learn more: Diaper Chemistry

48. Candle Chemical Reaction

The “Flame out” experiment is an intriguing and educational chemistry demonstration that students should try. By exploring the effects of a chemical reaction on a burning candle, students can witness the captivating moment when the flame is extinguished.

49. Make Curds and Whey

This experiment not only introduces students to the concept of acid-base reactions but also offers an opportunity to explore the science behind cheese-making.

Learn more: Tinkerlab

50. Grow Crystals Overnight

By creating a supersaturated solution using substances like epsom salt, sugar, or borax, students can observe the fascinating process of crystal growth. This experiment allows students to explore the principles of solubility, saturation, and nucleation.

Learn more: Grow Crystals Overnight

51. Measure Electrolytes in Sports Drinks

The “Measure Electrolytes in Sports Drinks” experiment is an informative and practical chemistry activity that students should try.

By using simple tools like a multimeter or conductivity probe, students can measure the electrical conductivity of different sports drinks to determine their electrolyte content.

52. Oxygen and Fire Experiment

The oxygen and fire experiment is a captivating and educational chemistry demonstration that students should try. By observing the effects of oxygen on a controlled fire, students can witness the essential role of oxygen in supporting combustion.

53. Electrolysis Of Water

The electrolysis of water experiment is a captivating and educational chemistry demonstration that students should try.

Learn more: Electrolysis Of Water

54. Expanding Ivory Soap

The expanding Ivory Soap experiment is a fun and interactive chemistry activity that students should try. By placing a bar of Ivory soap in a microwave, students can witness the remarkable expansion of the soap as it heats up.

Learn more: Little Bins Little Hands

55. Glowing Fireworks

This experiment not only introduces students to the principles of pyrotechnics and combustion but also encourages observation, critical thinking, and an appreciation for the physics and chemistry behind.

Learn more: Glowing Fireworks

56. Colorful Polymer Chemistry

Colorful polymer chemistry is an exciting and vibrant experiment that students should try to explore polymers and colorants.

By combining different types of polymers with various colorants, such as food coloring or pigments, students can create a kaleidoscope of colors in their polymer creations.

Learn more: Colorful Polymer Chemistry

57. Sulfur Hexafluoride- Deep Voice Gas

This experiment provides a firsthand experience of how the density and composition of gases can influence sound transmission.

It encourages scientific curiosity, observation, and a sense of wonder as students witness the surprising transformation of their voices.

58. Liquid Nitrogen Ice Cream

Liquid nitrogen ice cream is a thrilling and delicious chemistry experiment that students should try. By combining cream, sugar, and flavorings with liquid nitrogen, students can create ice cream with a unique and creamy texture.

59. White Smoke Chemistry Demonstration

The White Smoke Chemistry Demonstration provides an engaging and visually captivating experience for students to explore chemical reactions and gases. By combining hydrochloric acid and ammonia solutions, students can witness the mesmerizing formation of white smoke.

60. Nitrogen Triiodide Chemistry Demonstration

The nitrogen triiodide chemistry demonstration is a remarkable and attention-grabbing experiment that students should try under the guidance of a knowledgeable instructor.

By reacting iodine crystals with concentrated ammonia, students can precipitate nitrogen triiodide (NI3), a highly sensitive compound.

61. Make a Plastic- Milk And Vinegar Reaction Experiment

Through the “Make a Plastic – Milk and Vinegar Reaction” experiment, students can gain a deeper understanding of the chemistry behind plastics, environmental sustainability, and the potential of biodegradable materials.

Learn more: Rookie Parenting

62. Eno and Water Experiment

This experiment not only introduces students to acid-base reactions but also engages their senses as they witness the visible and audible effects of the reaction.

63. The Eternal Kettle Experiment

By filling a kettle with alcohol and igniting it, students can investigate the behavior of the alcohol flame and its sustainability.

64. Coke and Chlorine Bombs

Engaging in this experiment allows students to experience the wonders of chemistry firsthand, making it an ideal choice to ignite their curiosity and passion for scientific exploration.

65. Set your Hand on Fire

This experiment showcases the fascinating nature of combustion and the science behind fire.

By carefully following proper procedures and safety guidelines, students can witness firsthand how the sanitizer’s high alcohol content interacts with an open flame, resulting in a brief but captivating display of controlled combustion.

66. Instant Ice Experiments

The Instant Ice Experiment offers an engaging and captivating opportunity for students to explore the wonders of chemistry and phase changes.

By using simple household ingredients, students can witness the fascinating phenomenon of rapid ice formation in just a matter of seconds.

67. Coke Cans in Acid and Base

Engaging in this experiment allows students to gain a deeper understanding of the chemical properties of substances and the importance of safety protocols in scientific investigations.

68. Color Changing Invisible Ink

The Color Changing Invisible Ink experiment offers an intriguing and fun opportunity for students to explore chemistry and learn about the concept of chemical reactions.

Learn more: Research Parent

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33 simple ways to improve your life with science

Scientists reveal their favourite tips and tricks for making day-to-day life that little bit better.

Helen Pilcher

Whether it's staying warm in the cold, coping with your period, or even making the perfect cup of tea, science can help you out. We've collected our top tips from experts in our monthly column, A Scientist's Guide to Life .

How to get a good night’s sleep

Advice from sleep scientist Prof Alice Gregory at Goldsmiths, University of London

If you can’t sleep, get up and do something different

It’s normal to wake up during the night, but most people just fall straight back to sleep without realising it.

If you can’t get back to sleep easily, or if you struggle to nod off in the first place, don’t just lie there. Get up and do something else. It’s important to associate bed with sleep and not with being mentally awake.

Stick to consistent bedtimes and waking times – yes, even at the weekend!

Stick to a routine with a consistent bedtime and waking time. Your body needs to know what it should be doing and when it should be doing it.

This is important for all of us, including babies and young children. If the evening always goes ‘story, bath, bed’, then they know what to expect.

Don’t nag teens for being lazy, their body clocks are different from adults’

Adolescents aren’t being lazy. They’re doing exactly what their biology is requesting of them – staying awake and getting up later. It’s a real shame that schools demand such an early start time.

During lockdown and the summer holidays, many teenagers were able to revert to their natural sleep pattern, so it prompts the question, is it time for a change?

• Read Prof Alice Gregory's full advice on how to get a good night's sleep

How to survive a hangover

Advice from health psychologist Dr Sally Adams of the University of Bath

Some of us may be destined to get bad hangovers, thanks to genetics

The severity depends on lots of things, including your weight and what you’ve eaten that day. Genetics also plays an important role.

It might be boring, but the only way to avoid a hangover is to drink in moderation

Drink in moderation. That’s the only way. Eating a fatty meal before you go out drinking might also help because it can slow down the absorption of alcohol into the bloodstream.

Stay away from the hair of the dog

Hair of the dog prolongs the inevitable. It’s not a good idea to treat a hangover with more booze.

Fry-ups might aid with metabolising alcohol. Eggs and bacon contain an amino acid called cysteine, which helps to break down the acetylaldehyde that is produced.

There’s no evidence that exercise can help a hangover. What might happen is that you become more dehydrated, which could make you feel even worse.

• Read Dr Sally Adams's full advice on how to survive a hangover

How to look after your skin

Advice from consultant dermatologist Dr Bav Shergill

Most people don't need lots of products

Less is more. Most people don’t need anything more than a basic cleanser and moisturiser, and sunblock if you’re going outside.

Expensive isn’t necessarily better, but look for key ingredients if you have certain needs

There’s some interesting psychology going on here. Sometimes, we pay extra for the branding, the packaging and the ethos, and we value things more because they’re expensive.

If you have specific needs, it might be worth paying a bit more. Products that contain vitamin B3, for example, are excellent for people with brown patches of skin known as ‘melasma’.

Eat healthily and don’t drink too much alcohol if you want your skin to look its best

If your body is dehydrated, your skin will be too. Keep hydrated and eat a healthy diet. Foods or supplements that contain vitamin C and E are good because they’re antioxidants that prevent damage from free radicals.

• Read Dr Bav Shergill's full advice on how to look after your skin

How to make the perfect cup of tea

Advice from food scientist Dr Stuart Farrimond

If you use reusable cups, opt for ones made from ceramic or glass

Make it in a mug or a tea cup. Avoid disposable Styrofoam cups. They’re the worst. Styrofoam is porous so it will absorb some of the flavour compounds and affect the taste.

If you’re on the go, opt for reusable cups made from inert materials like ceramic or glass. Plastics can absorb flavours over time, so will kill the flavour of what you’re drinking.

Oat milk is a good dairy alternative to add to your tea and coffee

Non-dairy milk is good, although you can’t call it ‘milk’ – it’s basically nut juice! I’m doing some research on this at the moment, but the take-home message is that oat milk tends to have a good flavour profile for mixing with teas and coffees.

Let your tea brew for a little longer to get the best flavour profile and an antioxidant hit

Most people let their tea brew for around two minutes, but five minutes is ideal. It’s too hot to drink before then anyway, and the extra time means your tea will have more flavour and antioxidants. Warning – if you leave the bag in for too long, you’ll also end up with more tannin molecules, which can make the tea taste bitter.

When we did research as part of BBC Two’s Inside The Factory programme, we found that the antioxidant levels were 13.9mg with a 30-second brew, but were more than double that after a five-minute brew.

• Read Dr Stuart Farrimond's full advice on how to make the perfect cup of tea

How to beat a cold

Advice from common cold expert Prof Ron Eccles of Cardiff University

Enjoy lots of hot, tasty drinks and soups

Hot blackcurrant cordial is great at easing coughs and sore throats, but it can be any hot flavoured drink. Honey and lemon is good. The tastier the better as this helps to promote salivation and mucus secretion, which lubricates and soothes the throat.

Soup is hot and tasty so that works well, but research shows that sweet tastes are good because they help inhibit coughs. Bitter-tasting things don’t do that.

Also, conventional shop-bought cold remedies can only be taken once every six hours or so, but you can have as much hot cordial or soup as you like.

Painkillers and decongestant sprays are just as good as pricier all-in-one products

Take an analgesic, like paracetamol or ibuprofen, for the sore throat, aches and chills, and a nasal decongestant spray, to relieve the stuffiness. The nasal spray is great because it works within minutes and the effects last for eight hours, so it can take you right through the night.

It might be easier to buy an over-the-counter remedy that contains all these ingredients, but it will be more expensive and it won’t necessarily be better. The syrups and powders that you buy contain a different decongestant called phenylephrine, which is of questionable efficacy.

Treat yourself to something fun

Treat yourself to a something you'll enjoy. If you dwell on your symptoms, you’ll only feel worse, but if you get out the house (if possible) and distract yourself, your cold won’t feel so bad.

• Read Prof Ron Eccles's full advice on how to beat a cold

How to cope with your period

Advice from menstrual researcher Sally King , a PhD student at King's College London

Don’t worry if your cycle is not 28 days

The biggest myth about periods is that the menstrual cycle repeats itself regularly every 28 days. This is the average length, but there’s a huge healthy range, from 21 to 40 days, and the length typically varies by two to four days each time.

It’s a problem because people whose periods don’t fit into a 28-day pattern can feel like there’s something wrong.

There’s no need to take a break from the pill if you’re happy with it and doing well

If you’re on the pill and doing well, there’s no reason to have a health break. Some people worry that the pill can damage future fertility, but this isn’t true. It can take time to get pregnant after coming off the pill but most people regain their natural cycle after three to four months.

Ibuprofen not only helps with pain of cramps, it can also reduce blood flow

Anti-inflammatories, like ibuprofen, really help with period pain. Not many people realise this, but the time to start taking ibuprofen is two to four days before you expect to start your period.

If you do this, it not only reduces cramping, it also reduces the amount of blood you lose. This can make a big difference for people with painful, heavy periods. Magnesium supplements can help, as can more traditional approaches like exercise and hot water bottles.

• Read Sally King's full advice on how to cope with your period

How to sit correctly

Advice from back pain researcher Dr Kieran O’Sullivan at the University of Limerick.

Slouching and bad posture will not cause chronic back pain

People think that sitting upright is good and slouching is bad, but it’s a myth. There’s no evidence to support this.

A big study in Australia, for example, found that if you follow people through life, the ones who develop chronic back pain aren’t the ones who were slouching or who had poor posture. Genetics, anxiety, sleep patterns and stress all play a role.

Standing desks are not a silver bullet for back problems, and can lead to persistent pain

Although they’ve become popular and work well for some people, standing desks are not for everybody. The evidence tells us that you get as many people with persistent pain from standing all day, as you do from sitting all day.

To protect your back, stay healthy, sleep well, and keep moving

If you want to have a healthy back in later life, try not to think about it too much now. Try to live a healthy life. Get a good amount of sleep, manage your stress and do some exercise that you can afford and enjoy.

• Read Dr Kieran O’Sullivan's full advice on how to sit correctly

How to stay warm

Advice from physiologist Dr JohnEric Smith at Mississippi State University.

Wear lots of layers – they’ll trap heat to help you stay snug

Layering is critical. It acts as insulation because it traps warm air close to the body. Layers are easy to put on and peel off, helping you react quickly to changes in temperature.

The head doesn’t lose heat more rapidly than the rest of the body. If you wore a hat and nothing else, you’d still lose heat from everywhere else! That said, it’s the one area we often leave uncovered in the cold, so wearing a hat is still a good idea.

Your mum was right! Take your coat off when you get inside

If you wear a coat indoors and get really warm, blood gets diverted to the skin to help cool you down. If you then go outside, the cold air will sap this heat from your skin and leave you feeling colder than you would do otherwise.

• Read Dr JohnEric Smith's full advice on how to stay warm

How to eat a good breakfast

Advice from nutritionist Dr Leonie Ruddick-Collins at the University of Aberdeen

Read the labels of cereals, and check portion sizes

Many breakfast cereals are laden with sugar. For some, sugar makes up more than a third of the total content. Look carefully at the labels. A low-sugar product contains less than 5g of sugar per 100g. Go for low-sugar, fibre-filled cereals, like Weetabix, oats and bran flakes.

Be aware that although it’s healthy, muesli is calorie-dense, so watch the portion size. Have a small bowlful with yoghurt, to help you get the right balance of fibre, iron and calcium.

If you love a fry-up, use healthy oils and fill up on tomatoes, baked beans, mushrooms and eggs

It's absolutely possible to have a healthy fry-up. It’s about how you cook it. Use a healthy oil, or grill it, and don’t go overboard on portion size.

A bit of bacon every now and then is fine, just remove as much fat as you can. Baked beans are fantastic in the morning, so are eggs, mushrooms and tomatoes.

Your mum was right – it’s good to breakfast like a king

The typical UK style of eating is to consume 48 per cent of your calories at dinner, and just 16 per cent at breakfast, but studies suggest that if we eat more in the morning, and less later in the day, it can help with weight loss. This makes sense because the body is primed to eat early in the morning to give us energy to get through the day.

In the evening, the body prepares itself for an overnight fast. It breaks down its stored energy, like fat and glucose, to use as fuel while we sleep. Late eating may interfere with this process. So, if you’re trying to lose weight, maybe a bigger breakfast is the way to go.

• Read Dr Leonie Ruddick-Collins's full advice on how to eat a good breakfast

How to embrace boredom

Advice from psychologist Dr Sandi Mann at the University of Central Lancashire

On your commute, turn off the music and let your mind wander

The paradox is that we need to introduce more boredom into our lives in order to become less bored.

Have a digital detox. Swim. Go for a walk without music. If you’re on a train, look out of the window.

Hide the chocolate and crisps if you’re going to be working on a boring project

Research has shown that eating chocolate is one of the most common things we do when we’re bored.

We gave bored people a choice of snacks, and found that they rarely chose the healthy option. It’s because you get more of a dopamine hit from fatty foods.

It could be worse though. Some people have committed murder out of boredom.

If your kids moan that they’re bored, tell them to entertain themselves

Parents are under so much pressure to be perfect. If we’re not educating and stimulating our children, then we feel we’re failing. Take that guilt away: it’s okay to let your children make their own entertainment.

Avoid giving them too much choice. Research for an airline company, who wanted to find ways to keep kids entertained on long flights, found that when you give kids a whole bag of toys, they pick up each thing, play with it for a few seconds, then put it down. But if you give them one thing at a time, they spend much longer with it.

Also, when they were given something ‘boring’ like a notepad and pen, and nothing else, they were amazing! They wrote and drew stories and kept themselves busy for ages. Sometimes the best toys can be simple.

• Read Dr Sandi Mann's full advice on how to embrace boredom

How to stay safe in the Sun

Advice from dermatologist Prof Brian Diffey at Newcastle University

Even if you’re sitting in the shade, you should still apply sunscreen

Ultraviolet (UV) light is scattered in the atmosphere. When you’re in the open, half the UV rays reaching your skin come directly from the Sun. The rest is scattered UV that comes from the sky. If you’re in shade, you’re still exposed to this scattered UV.

Expensive sunscreen doesn’t equal better protection

Expensive sunscreens are not necessarily better than budget ones. You’re not paying for better protection. You’re paying for aesthetics. These products might smell or feel better, but it’s all down to individual preference.

Go for mid-range products made by reputable manufacturers.

Don’t rub it in. You need a layer of Sun protection on top of your skin

Sunscreen works by forming a barrier between the Sun’s rays and the living cells of your skin.

Don’t rub it in vigorously because that forces it deeper into the skin, and you end up exposing the vulnerable cells near the surface. You want it to rest on the surface of your skin, so spread it smoothly, then let it dry.

• Read Prof Brian Diffey's full advice on how to stay safe in the Sun

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• Science Fair Project Ideas for Kids, Middle & High School Students ⋅

Projects on the Chemistry in Everyday Life

The Uses for Watermelon Rind

Many household items, typical events and modern conveniences are caused by chemical reactions. There are several fun, safe and simple projects students can do to observe this chemistry in everyday life.

Breakdown of Chlorophyll by Cooking Green Vegetables

When broccoli, spinach or any other kind of green vegetable is being cooked, it will slowly turn a bright green and then start to fade into a less appetizing brownish green. This is because the vegetable's cells are breaking down and releasing acid that in turn denatures the chlorophyll that is responsible for the plant's bright green color. Students can determine how long it takes for the chlorophyll in a particular vegetable to be broken down by cooking it for different lengths of time and grading the resulting colors.

Checking Rotten Eggs

Eggshells are quite permeable, and after enough time, bacteria are able to invade the shell, causing the egg to start decaying. When bacteria are digesting the interior of the egg, they begin to release significant quantities of gaseous hydrogen sulfide, which builds up inside the eggshell over time. Using a carton of eggs that has gone several weeks past its "sell by" date, students can see just how much an egg has decayed by placing each egg in a jar of water and seeing how much it floats. Rotten eggs should float because of the hydrogen sulfide gas within them, and these rotten eggs can be compared to a carton of much fresher eggs, which should sink.

Making Soap

Soaps are made from a fat and a basic solution comprised of a metal and a hydroxide ion. To begin making soap, gently heat a mixture of fat or oil, ethyl alcohol and lye while stirring for about 10 minutes. After the mixture has been allowed to cool into a semisolid state, add hot water and then a bit of salt solution. Let the solution rest for 5 minutes, then skim curds of soap from the top of the liquid. Form the curds into a bar and start cleaning.

Softening Hard Water

In some areas, tap water is full of minerals that make it difficult to remove soap from dishes or skin because the soap does not dissolve in the water very well. People who live in these areas often use a water softener to make cleaning dishes or taking a shower more efficient. Students can compare the two types of water by making hard water from distilled water, which does not contain any minerals. To do this, take two bottles of distilled water filled halfway and add Epsom salts to one. The use of Epsom salts, or magnesium sulfate, serves to "harden" the water of one bottle through the addition magnesium. Then add soap to each bottle. Shake both bottles to see which one has more suds. It should be the bottle containing the hard water because less soap has dissolved into the water.

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• American Chemical Society: 4 Chemistry Life Hacks for Everyday Problems - Reactions

About the Author

Brett Smith is a science journalist based in Buffalo, N.Y. A graduate of the State University of New York - Buffalo, he has more than seven years of experience working in a professional laboratory setting.

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13 Scientific Explanations for Everyday Life

By shaunacy ferro | jul 10, 2018.

Science holds our lives together. It explains everything from why bread rises to why you need gas to power your car. In his book Atoms Under the Floorboards , author Chris Woodford lays out the abstract science that underlies the everyday world, from the big (how do skyscrapers stay up?) to the small (why does my laptop get hot when I’m watching Netflix?). Along the way, he also calculates the answers to whimsical questions like, “How many people would I have to gather together to keep my house warm without heat?” (A lot, but not as many as you'd think.) Here are 13 things we learned about the world through his eyes.

1. A POWER DRILL COULD SET YOUR HOUSE ON FIRE, IN THEORY.

Because of friction, electric drills generate heat. The motor, the drill bit, and the wall all get hot. It takes about 2000 joules of energy to heat one kilogram of wood just 1°C. Assuming a typical power drill uses 750 watts of electricity, and it puts out 750 joules of energy, Woodford calculates that it would take just four minutes to set fire to a wooden wall in a 68°F room.

2. STICKY NOTES COME OFF EASILY BECAUSE THEIR ADHESIVE IS UNEVEN.

Post-it Notes feature a plastic adhesive that is spread out in blobs across the paper. When you slap a Post-it onto your bulletin board, only some of these blobs (technically called micro-capsules) touch the surface to keep the note stuck there. Thus, you can unstick it, and when you go to attach it to something else, the unused blobs of glue can take over the adhesive role. Eventually, all the capsules of glue will get used up or clogged with dirt, and the sticky note won't stick anymore.

3. GUM IS CHEWY BECAUSE IT'S MADE OF RUBBER.

Early gums got their elastic texture from chicle, a natural type of latex rubber. Now, your bubble gum is made with synthetic rubbers like styrene butadiene (also used in car tires) or polyvinyl acetate (also used in Elmer’s glue) to mimic the effect of chicle.

4. OFFICE BUILDINGS ARE EVER-SO-SLIGHTLY TALLER AT NIGHT.

After all the employees go home, tall office buildings get just a little taller. A 1300-foot-tall skyscraper shrinks about 1.5 millimeters under the weight of 50,000 occupants (assuming they weigh about the human average).

5. A LEGO BRICK CAN SUPPORT 770 POUNDS OF FORCE.

LEGOs can support four to five times the weight of a human without collapsing. They are strong enough to support a tower 375,000 bricks tall, or around 2.2 miles high.

6. POLISHING SHOES IS LIKE FILLING IN A ROAD'S POTHOLES.

Regular leather appears dull to the eye because it’s covered in teeny-tiny scrapes and scratches that scatter whatever light hits the material. When you polish a leather shoe, you coat it in a fine layer of wax, filling in those crevices much like a road crew smoothes out a street by filling in its potholes. Because the surface is more uniform, rays of light bounce back toward your eye more evenly, making it look shiny.

7. YOU COULD HEAT YOUR HOUSE WITH JUST 70 PEOPLE.

People give off body heat, as anyone who has been trapped in a small crowded room knows. So how many people would it take to warm up your home with just body heat in the winter? About 70 people in motion, or 140 people still, figuring that humans radiate 100-200 watts of heat normally and that the house uses four electric storage heaters.

8. DENSITY EXPLAINS WHY COLD WATER FEELS COLDER THAN AIR AT THE SAME TEMPERATURE.

Because water is denser than air, your body loses heat 25 times more quickly while in water than it would in air at the same temperature. Water's density gives it a high specific heat capacity , meaning it takes a lot of heat to raise its temperature even a little, and it's very good at retaining heat or cold (the reason why hot soup stays hot for a long time, and why the ocean is much cooler than land). Water is a great conductor , so it's very effective at transferring that heat or cold to your body.

9. WATER CLEANS WELL BECAUSE IT HAS ASYMMETRICAL MOLECULES.

Because water molecules are triangular—made of two hydrogen atoms stuck to one oxygen atom—they have slightly different charges on their different sides, kind of like a magnet. The hydrogen end of the molecule is slightly positive, and the oxygen side is slightly negative. This makes water excellent at sticking to other molecules. When you wash away dirt, the water molecules stick to the dirt and pull it away from whatever surface it was on. This is also the reason water has surface tension: it’s great at sticking to itself.

10. THE "PULSE" SETTING ON A BLENDER WORKS BETTER BECAUSE OF TURBULENCE.

When your blender stops chopping up food and begins just spinning it around in circles, it’s because everything inside is spinning at the same rate. Instead of actually blending ingredients together, it’s experiencing laminar flow —all the layers of liquid are moving in the same direction with constant motion. The pulse function on the blender introduces turbulence, so instead of the fruit chunks rolling around the side of the blender, they fall into the center and get blended up into a smoothie.

11. BABIES' BODIES CONTAIN MORE WATER THAN ADULTS.'

Adults are around 60 percent water. By contrast, newborn babies are about 80 percent water. But that percentage quickly drops: A year after birth, kids' water content is down to around 65 percent, according to the USGS .

12. GLASS BREAKS EASILY BECAUSE ITS ATOMS ARE LOOSELY ARRANGED.

Unlike other solid materials, like metals, glass is made up of amorphous, loosely packed atoms arranged randomly. They can’t absorb or dissipate energy from something like a bullet. The atoms can’t rearrange themselves quickly to retain the glass’s structure, so it collapses, shattering fragments everywhere.

13. CALORIE COUNTS ARE CALCULATED BY INCINERATING FOOD.

Calorie values on nutritional labels estimate the energy contained in the food within the package. To figure out how much energy is in a specific food, scientists use a calorimeter. One type of calorimeter essentially burns up the food inside a device surrounded by water. By measuring how much the temperature of the water changes in the process, scientists can determine how much energy was contained in the food.

This story originally ran in 2015.

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Teaching Resources & Guides > How to Teach Science Tips > How Science Teaches Life Skills  

How Science Teaches Life Skills

Life happens! But with the right mix of experiences, we can be more prepared for the unexpected. The idea of learning a life skill is that you can become better at dealing with everyday challenges that arise through various possible circumstances. Whether at home, work, or really any situation – life skills help individuals to grow into more capable beings which results in a more fulfilling life. Sounds nice, right? Let’s dive in. 

For children, learning life skills is a common desire for parents, especially for younger ages where children are learning boundaries like rules, preferences and even gravity! In a learning environment, reading and writing are often considered of higher importance, but in this article, I want to share a perspective that will help you further embrace science education as a way to prepare for a fulfilling life.

Whether you realize it or not, science is everywhere! When you teach kids science, you’re teaching them life skills. The term life skills was first used by government agencies to describe outcome-based education (e.g., preventing disease, avoiding conflict). Now, academics, psychologists, and scientists use it to include overcoming daily challenges.

Here are all the ways that learning science prepares you for everyday life:

14 Life Skills that Science Teaches Children

Let’s chat about safety first. The littles are learning about hot and cold, soft and rough, colors, and peak-a-boo, to name a few. Older children are helping out with chores, cooking, playing outside, exploring nature, and more! Young adults are learning about health and wellness, driving, advanced technology, and more. And guess what? It’s all science! Learning about how things work is the cornerstone of science. Asking questions, testing a hypothesis, and course-correcting are all parts of life and very much a part of the scientific method.

Learning the building blocks of science can help make these experiences more fulfilling and safer as  your children mature. Having just a simple understanding of the laws of physics will not only make one a better driver, but a safer one. Alton Brown, a scientist and chef, gave a unique twist to a cooking show when he worked to explain the scientific phenomenon behind cooking! Learning about the science for cooking will help keep you safe and prevent accidents in the kitchen.

And regardless of everyday activities, studying science is about taking part in scientific experiments; while conducting these experiments, you are instructed to wear your Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) , which can include gloves, goggles, lab coats and more. These activities teach the importance of protecting your body from potential physical harm. Overall, science supports safety!

2. PLANNING

When you think about planning, what are some items that come to mind? How about parties or back to school? How about a wedding? A wedding is often coined as the “happiest day” of your life! However, planning and coordinating it has been known to take away from the joy of such an anticipated day. But guess what? Science can help! 

Science is such a rewarding experience, but we would be lying if we said it didn’t require a lot of preparation. Here are just a few things involved: 

• Gathering resources.
• Gathering tools.
• Learning about certain items and concepts.
• Connecting with other experts.
• Collaborating with other learners.
• Scheduling time to conduct, complete.
• Considering backup plans or alternatives.
• And so on! 

The list could be endless! And although it’s a lot of boxes to check, the more experience you have with planning at a younger age, the better you are at coping with this life skill as an adult – and hopefully having a memorable wedding day, should you choose to get married! 

3. QUESTIONING

When you stop asking questions – that’s when you stop learning. It’s what makes childhood so magical. Everything sparks curiosity and you have a natural interest in learning about the world around you. 

Science is what it is today because a whole lot of people asked a lot of various questions. Some even asked questions about questions that others asked! Discoveries for science can be contributed to the many minds around the world that asked a question and sought an answer. 

The very first step of the Scientific Method is to ask a question. It’s a natural first step when learning something new. Science encourages children to never stop asking questions and inspires individuals to become life-long learners. Also, asking the right questions can save time, money, and stress. 

4. CREATIVITY

While asking a question is the first step in the scientific method, the reality behind science is that you don’t have to follow one method to discover results. Some discoveries even happen by accident! 

Let’s take a book as an example. The world’s best authors don’t follow a template to write their stories – they use their life experiences and knowledge to create something great. Speaking of authors, do you have a favorite Sci-Fi novel? That wouldn’t be possible without a skill in understanding science, writing, and having a knack for creativity. 

In my free time, I actually love to craft. I have tried it all – from watercolors, knitting, woodworking, and more. My absolute favorite is quilting. Experts worked hard to develop the high-quality fabric, thread, and machines that I need to make a quilt. And thanks to mathematicians, I can follow a few formulas to make sure my measurements are on point. 

It’s debatable, but possibly one of the strongest life skills you can learn from experiencing science is the ability to problem solve. Science is often about solving problems for people, animals, the environment, and more. It takes creativity in questioning and exploring to find a viable solution. 

5. CURIOSITY

Children instinctively want to learn. They learn by doing and asking questions. Science class, more than other subjects, allows for this. Lab experiments permit a variation of “right” answers to a question. A child who stays intellectually curious will grow into an interesting and resourceful adult.

6. CONFIDENCE

Children trust more in their talent and abilities to solve a problem when they can “see” it. Science class allows for this hands-on learning. A child with appropriate self-confidence will see life’s challenges as opportunities to succeed.

7. CRITICAL THINKING

Children, like adults, think based on what they experience. However, slow, disciplined thinking must be taught and demonstrated. Science, with its emphasis on proof, is ideal for showing how it’s done. Children who learn to think critically, will become adults who are not easily distracted!

8. MOTIVATION

Children create their own incentives to learn. Sometimes, that incentive is basic, like wanting to know the outcome of an experiment. Science, more than other subjects, justifies their drive to know, usually with a visual “payoff.” The child who internalizes the cause-and-effect relationship from science will apply the same logic to the real-world problems that matter most to him or her.

9. COMMUNICATION

Children are typically honest when they speak–sometimes embarrassingly so! Science experiments encourage honesty in the reporting of results, recorded in a notebook . A child who learns to communicate results with precision and clarity will face fewer misunderstandings in later life.

10. ANALYSIS

Children can describe the features of something when asked. Science class asks them about the relationship of those features and how they connect. Children who learn to analyze problems will be calmer and more rational adults.

11. DECISION MAKING

Children are notorious for making impulse decisions. This can be tempered with age, maturity, and science class. That’s because science is concerned with finding solutions to problems. Usually, there’s more than one solution to a problem. Science teaches children to compare and then make the best decision. A child who can rationally make decisions through comparisons will avoid wasting time.

12. FLEXIBILITY

Children are usually quite flexible… until they get frustrated! Science experiments are tools for allowing kids to cope with errors, failure, and mistakes. They can learn why the failure occurred, which in turn, makes them less rigid. An adult who remains flexible in response to the setbacks of life will have better physical and emotional health.

13. EVALUATION

Children can make on-the-spot judgments about anything. What they need to learn is how to appraise things correctly, by an existing standard. Science class is great for demonstrating this principle. Children who can evaluate evidence, problems, and solutions, will be in-demand employees as adults!

And although it’s not a specific life skill, science can also prepare you for all kinds of careers! For one, STEM-specific careers are one of the fastest growing areas for future opportunities, and also salary! If you or your children want a future in science, there are countless opportunities for your future career. But if STEM isn’t their strength, or maybe just not their passion, having a good base knowledge and number of experiences in learning science can prepare them for so many careers! 

Here are a few examples: 

• Hairdressers need to learn about the chemicals for hair color and hair treatments, and also ensure that hair stays healthy as depending on a styling tool or the environment. 
• Electricians need to understand how electricity is set up and what makes it work to keep things running smoothly in homes, buildings, and more. 
• A graphic designer relies on technology to build logos and create graphics to help a brand become successful and resonate with the customer. 
• A sculpture artist may not require technology, but they are using various materials to build art, which requires items designed or enhanced by scientific discoveries. 
• Stay-at-home parents doing spring cleaning are using supplies that help kill germs or remove stains, and they require a knowledge of what to do for best results. 

There are many examples that can be shared for how every career is enhanced by having a stronger understanding of science. Tell me, d o you have any fun stories about how science has made an impact on your life or your children’s life, in a practical way?

__________________

Which of these life skills have you had to learn as an adult? Are there any you wish you would have been taught as a child? Think about which life skills from this list are most valuable to you. Are there any you would add?

By teaching science, you can develop these skills alongside your students.

Download our Life Skills Infographic:

Teach Science, Learn Math and Reading

Believe it or not, teaching science can reinforce key skills in math and reading.

Many science experiments require math. Science applies mathematical concepts to real situations in everyday life. Using measuring equipment, reading a thermometer, and many other basic math skills will be taught during science lessons. When taught in a hands-on way, math seems fun!

Keeping a science notebook is another way of reinforcing reading. A student who struggles with reading comprehension may like copying key points from a textbook. Encourage note-taking or drawing pictures for students who have trouble focusing. These habits will lead to a richer understanding of what was heard or read.

Teaching Homeschool

Welcome! After you finish this article, we invite you to read other articles to assist you in teaching science at home on the Resource Center, which consists of hundreds of free science articles!

Shop for Science Supplies!

Home Science Tools offers a wide variety of science products and kits. Find affordable beakers, dissection supplies, chemicals, microscopes, and everything else you need to teach science for all ages!

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STEM in Everyday Life: Integrating Science, Math, and Exploration

Table of Contents

Key Takeaways

• Incorporating STEM into everyday tasks like cooking, grocery shopping, meal planning, household chores, and gardening can teach math skills, money management, decision-making, and promote healthy habits.
• Science experiments at home, such as making lava lamps, testing pH levels, growing crystals, and creating volcano eruptions, engage children in hands-on learning and teach scientific concepts.
• Using math in everyday tasks like cooking, baking, grocery shopping, budgeting, and meal planning helps children develop math skills and financial literacy.
• Outdoor play and exploration activities like nature scavenger hunts, building habitats, weather observations, and bird watching promote observation skills, problem-solving, and an appreciation for nature.

Incorporating STEM Into Everyday Tasks

Engaging Children in Cooking and Grocery Shopping

Turning grocery shopping into a budgeting game.

Using Meal Planning to Teach Math Skills

Involving Children in Household Chores for Problem-Solving

Teaching Science Concepts Through Gardening

Developing Financial Literacy Through Budgeting and Saving Activities

Engaging Children in Hands-On Science Experiments at Home

Introducing new science concepts through experiments.

Exploring Math Skills in Everyday Tasks

Promoting Outdoor Play and Exploration Activities for Observation Skills

Frequently asked questions, how can stem be incorporated into household chores for problem-solving.

What Are Some Examples of Science Experiments That Can Be Done at Home to Teach Scientific Concepts?

How can math skills be used in everyday tasks like baking and cooking, what are some ways to develop financial literacy through budgeting and saving activities, what are some outdoor play and exploration activities that promote observation skills.

With a vivid imagination and a love for words, Hella crafts stories and guides that ignite curiosity and inspire both children and parents. Her talent for storytelling is evident in every piece she writes for Healthy Kid Play. Merging her understanding of children’s needs with creativity, Hella’s writings are both informative and enchanting.

STEM Flower Garden Building Toy: Creative, Eco-Friendly Fun!

STEM Circuit Kits for Kids

You may like

The origins and evolution of stem toys.

• STEM toys have a long history, originating in the late 19th century as educational toys and evolving over time to adapt to the needs and interests of children.
• STEM toys focus on integrating Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics to provide a holistic learning experience.
• Advancements in technology have introduced electronic components, robotics, coding, and augmented reality/virtual reality to STEM toys, transforming them into powerful learning tools.
• The rise of STEM education has increased the demand for interactive and educational toys, leading to collaborations between toy companies and educational institutions to develop innovative products that promote cognitive development, problem-solving skills, and a passion for learning.

Early Beginnings of STEM Toys

The Emergence of the STEM Education Movement

Evolution of stem toy design.

Integration of Technology in STEM Toys

The Rise of Coding and Robotics in STEM Toys

Advancements in Electronics and Circuitry in STEM Toys

Enhancing STEM Toy Experiences With Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality

Impact of STEM Education on the Toy Industry

• Excitement: The collaboration between toy companies and educational institutions sparks excitement as it brings together the worlds of play and learning.
• Hope: These partnerships give hope for a future where children can have fun while developing essential skills like critical thinking and problem-solving.
• Confidence: The availability of high-quality STEM toys instills confidence in parents and educators that they are providing children with the tools they need to succeed.

Future Trends in STEM Toy Development

What Were Some Popular Early STEM Toys in the Late 19th Century?

How have stem toys adapted to the changing needs and interests of children over time, what are some examples of innovative design features in modern stem toys, how do stem toys promote cognitive development and problem-solving skills, which other popular brands besides lego, snap circuits, and littlebits are known for their focus on stem education.

Elaine’s journey with Healthy Kid Play began with a simple yet profound observation: the unparalleled potential within every child. With her extensive experience in early childhood, Elaine saw the need for a space where learning and fun converge seamlessly.

STEM Toys for Preschoolers: Fun and Educational Learning Opportunities

• STEM toys for preschoolers provide fun and engaging learning opportunities.
• Age-appropriate options enhance problem-solving, critical thinking, and creativity.
• Safety is crucial when choosing STEM toys for preschoolers.
• STEM toys promote cognitive development, collaborative learning, and inspire a love for STEM subjects.

Benefits of STEM Toys for Preschoolers

Choosing Age-Appropriate Science Toys

Safety of STEM Toys

Educational Benefits of STEM Toys

Encouraging STEM Development in Preschoolers

Fostering Critical Thinking Skills

Developing problem-solving abilities.

Enhancing Creativity and Innovation

Incorporating STEM Into Everyday Play

Making learning fun and interactive with technology.

Are STEM Toys Only Beneficial for Preschoolers or Can Older Children Also Benefit From Them?

How can parents ensure that the stem toys they choose are age-appropriate for their preschoolers, can stem toys help improve a child’s social skills and ability to work collaboratively with others.

What Are Some Specific Examples of STEM Toys That Can Be Used to Encourage Critical Thinking and Problem-Solving Skills in Preschoolers?

How can parents incorporate stem learning into everyday activities and playtime with their preschoolers, stem toys for preschoolers: igniting young minds.

• STEM toys promote essential skills for future success in preschoolers, including hands-on learning, cognitive development, curiosity, imagination, creativity, and social and emotional development.
• Building and construction toys, such as magnetic building blocks and engineering construction sets, help develop early math concepts, spatial reasoning skills, problem-solving, critical thinking abilities, and promote creativity.
• Coding and programming toys, like coding robots, provide a tangible experience for hands-on learning, enhance problem-solving skills, encourage creativity and imagination, and promote collaboration and communication through group activities.
• Science and experimentation toys, such as science experiment kits and electronic circuit kits, offer hands-on learning experiences, develop critical thinking, problem-solving abilities, foster curiosity, and cultivate a love for science.

The Benefits of STEM Toys for Preschoolers

Building and Construction Toys for Cognitive Development

• Building and construction toys foster creativity and imagination as I design and build structures.
• Hands-on learning with these toys helps me understand spatial relationships and develop fine motor skills.
• Problem-solving skills are honed as I figure out how to make my creations stable and balanced.

Enhancing Mathematical Skills With Manipulatives and Puzzle Games

Coding and Programming Toys for Problem-Solving Skills

Sparking curiosity and imagination with science experimentation toys.

Developing Spatial Reasoning With STEM Toys

• Manipulating different shapes and sizes of blocks helps children understand spatial relationships and how objects fit together.
• Building structures requires planning and problem-solving, as children figure out how to balance and stabilize their creations.
• Through block play, children learn to visualize and mentally rotate objects in their minds, which is an essential skill for tasks like reading maps or solving puzzles.

Fostering Collaboration and Communication With Coding Robots

The role of stem toys in social and emotional development.

Exploring the World of Electronics With Circuit Kits

The Importance of Hands-On Learning in STEM Education

• Interactive STEM education fosters a deeper understanding of abstract concepts by encouraging active participation.
• Hands-on activities promote problem-solving and critical thinking skills, as students learn to apply their knowledge in real-world scenarios.
• Engaging with STEM materials and tools allows for a more interactive and immersive learning experience.

How Do STEM Toys Promote Social and Emotional Development in Preschoolers?

What are some specific math concepts that can be learned through building and construction toys, how do coding robots encourage collaboration and communication among preschoolers, what are some examples of experiments that can be conducted with science experiment kits, how do math manipulatives and puzzle games improve cognitive abilities in preschoolers.

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Understanding Science

How science REALLY works...

• Understanding Science 101
• Misconceptions

Science affects our everyday lives in many ways.

Misconception:  Science isn’t important in my life.

Correction:  Science is deeply interwoven with our everyday lives.  Read more about it.

What has science done for you lately?

Plenty. If you think  science  doesn’t matter much to you, think again. Science affects us all, every day of the year, from the moment we wake up, all day long, and through the night. Your digital alarm clock, the weather report, the asphalt you drive on, the bus you ride in, your decision to eat a baked potato instead of fries, your cell phone, the antibiotics that treat your sore throat, the clean water that comes from your faucet, and the light that you turn off at the end of the day have all been brought to you courtesy of science. The modern world would not be modern at all without the understandings and  technology  enabled by science.

To make it clear how deeply science is interwoven with our lives, just try imagining a day without scientific progress. Just for starters, without modern science, there would be:

• no plastic.  The first completely synthetic plastic was made by a chemist in the early 1900s, and since then, chemistry has developed a wide variety of plastics suited for all sorts of jobs, from blocking bullets to making slicker dental floss.
• no modern agriculture.  Science has transformed the way we eat today. In the 1940s, biologists began developing high-yield varieties of corn, wheat, and rice, which, when paired with new fertilizers and pesticides developed by chemists, dramatically increased the amount of food that could be harvested from a single field, ushering in the Green Revolution. These science-based technologies triggered striking changes in agriculture, massively increasing the amount of food available to feed the world and simultaneously transforming the economic structure of agricultural practices.
• no modern medicine.  In the late 1700s, Edward Jenner first convincingly showed that vaccination worked. In the 1800s, scientists and doctors established the  theory  that many diseases are caused by germs. And in the 1920s, a biologist discovered the first antibiotic. From the eradication of smallpox, to the prevention of nutritional deficiencies, to successful treatments for once deadly infections, the impact of modern medicine on global health has been powerful. In fact, without science, many people alive today would have instead died of diseases that are now easily treated.

Scientific knowledge can improve the quality of life at many different levels — from the routine workings of our everyday lives to global issues. Science informs public policy and personal decisions on energy, conservation, agriculture, health, transportation, communication, defense, economics, leisure, and exploration. It’s almost impossible to overstate how many aspects of modern life are impacted by scientific knowledge. Here we’ll discuss just a few of these examples. You can investigate:

Fueling technology

• Making strides in medicine
• Getting personal
• Shaping society

Or just click the  Next  button to dive right in!

• Take a sidetrip

Learn more about innovation  on the Understanding Global Change site .

Summing up science and society

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Six Ways to Bolster Science in Everyday Life

Science surrounds us every day, shaping the world we live in and providing answers to nature’s mysteries. As a librarian, I love bridging the gap between scientific concepts and students’ daily lives. By connecting science to their world, you can ignite curiosity, inspire a love of learning, and empower students to become scientific thinkers.

Relate Science to Real-World Experiences

Science may seem abstract and distant to some students, but by demonstrating how it relates to their real-world experiences, you can make it more accessible and engaging. Start by asking questions like “How does science impact your morning routine?” or “What scientific principles are at play when you cook?”. Encourage students to identify scientific phenomena in their surroundings, fostering a sense of curiosity and appreciation for the world around them. Doing this brings science to life in their everyday lives.

Highlight Science’s Practical Applications

Showcase how scientific discoveries have revolutionized industries, improved healthcare , and transformed technology. Discuss the impact of inventions like smartphones, renewable energy sources, or medical advancements. By connecting scientific concepts to tangible outcomes, students will recognize the importance of basic knowledge and its potential to shape their future.

Conduct Real-World Experiments

Bring the scientific method to life by conducting experiments that mimic real-world scenarios. Choose experiments that align with students’ daily experiences. For example, testing the effect of different factors on plant growth , exploring the properties of common household materials, or investigating buoyancy principles using everyday objects. Hands-on experiments provide a tangible connection between scientific concepts and the world students interact with daily.

Introduce Students to Citizen Science

Introduce students to citizen science, where individuals contribute to scientific research by collecting data or participating in projects. Explore platforms that allow students to engage in real scientific research. This includes monitoring local wildlife populations, tracking weather patterns, or taking part in global environmental initiatives. By actively participating in research endeavors, students can understand science’s impact on a global scale.

Highlight Diverse STEM Careers

Highlight the diverse range of careers available in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). Invite guest speakers from various scientific disciplines to share their experiences and career journeys. Organize field trips to research facilities, laboratories, or industries to expose students to the real-world applications of scientific knowledge. By showcasing STEM careers, students can envision themselves as future scientists and innovators. I have this as a bulletin board outside the library. This is so everyone who walks by can see and learn about the different STEM careers they can enter.

Display Scientific Periodicals, Books, and Resources

As a librarian, you curate a collection of books , magazines, websites, and online resources that explore the science behind everyday phenomena. Display these resources prominently and create reading lists that highlight the connection between science and daily life. Engage with students individually, recommending books and resources based on their interests, fostering a love of reading and scientific exploration.

Every day science is all around us, waiting to be discovered and understood. By connecting science to students’ worlds, we can transform their perception of science from a distant subject to a practical, relevant, and exciting discipline. As a librarian, you have the power to spark curiosity, inspire scientific thinking, and cultivate a generation of scientifically literate individuals who can make informed decisions and contribute to our world.

About the Author: Jessica Fitzpatrick

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100 Last-Day-of-School Activities Your Students Will Love!

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50 Exciting 4th Grade Science Projects and Experiments

Did you know you can make plastic from milk?

Nothing gets kids more excited for science than hands-on experiments! Watch your 4th grade science students’ eyes light up when they try some of these activities. You’ll find physics, biology, engineering, chemistry, and more. These projects are easy to set up and really help drive the learning home. Get ready for some science fun!

To help you find the right 4th grade science projects and activities, we’ve rated them all based on difficulty and materials:

Difficulty:

• Easy: Low or no-prep experiments you can do pretty much any time
• Medium: These take a little more setup or a longer time to complete
• Advanced: Experiments like these take a fairly big commitment of time or effort
• Basic: Simple items you probably already have around the house
• Medium: Items that you might not already have but are easy to get your hands on
• Advanced: These require specialized or more expensive supplies to complete

4th Grade Science Fair Projects

4th grade stem challenge science projects, 4th grade motion and energy science activities.

• More 4th Grade Science Projects and Experiments

These 4th grade experiments also work well as science fair projects. Try changing up the variables to turn it into a real experiment, then form a hypothesis and find out what happens.

Blow unpoppable bubbles

Difficulty: Easy / Materials: Medium

A soap bubble you can hold in your hand? It’s true! A little glycerin makes the soap bubble layers stronger, so you can even toss them gently from person to person.

Learn more: Unpoppable Bubbles Experiment at Learning Resources

Grow crystal names

No list of 4th grade science projects would be complete without crystals! Kids of all ages love growing crystals, making this an ideal way to learn about supersaturated solutions. The classic experiment gets a new twist when you have kids shape pipe cleaners into their own names first.

Learn more: Crystal Letters at Playdough to Plato

Grow bacteria in petri dishes

Difficulty: Medium / Materials: Medium

Your students will truly feel like scientists when they perform this classic experiment. They’ll prep the dishes with agar, swab different surfaces, and see what bacteria they grow. It’s gross science, but it’s also easy and impressive.

Learn more: Growing Bacteria at Steve Spangler Science

See coastal erosion in action

Here’s a cool experiment to include in your unit on oceans. Build a miniature coastline, then see how wave action erodes the shore.

Learn more: Erosion Experiment at Little Bins for Little Hands

Erupt a lemon volcano

Difficulty: Easy / Materials: Basic

Early chemistry experiments with acids and bases are always a lot of fun. This one uses the natural acids of lemon juice and adds a little food coloring to up the wow factor.

Learn more: Lemon Volcano at STEAM Powered Family

Sink and float to explore density

Adding items like salt or sugar to water changes its density, as does the temperature itself. Turn this into a 4th grade science fair project by experimenting with different solutions and forming hypotheses about the results.

Learn more: Salt Water Density at Science Kiddo

Discover a density rainbow

Difficulty: Medium / Materials: Basic

Colorful, simple, and impressive: It’s the trifecta of 4th grade science experiments! Wow your students by layering colored sugar water as you learn about density, adhesion, and cohesion.

Transform milk into plastic

Plastic seems incredibly modern, but people have been making casein plastic from milk for centuries. In this 4th grade science project, students experiment to create the formula for the best milk plastic. They’ll be amazed at the results!

Simulate an earthquake

The ground under our feet may feel solid, but an earthquake changes that pretty quickly. Use Jell-O to simulate the Earth’s crust, then see if you can build an earthquake-proof structure for a practical and fascinating 4th grade science fair project.

Learn more: Earthquake Simulation at Teaching Science

Test Sharpie solubility

Find out if Sharpie markers are really permanent with this 4th grade science project that uses the scientific method to explore solutes and solvents.

Learn more: Sharpie Solubility at Around the Kampfire

Find out if mood rings really work

Apply the rigors of the scientific method to mood rings ! Find out what makes mood rings change color, then see if they really reflect a person’s mood.

Learn more: Mood Rings Validity Test at Education.com

Create a new plant or animal

Kids will really get into this project, indulging their creativity as they invent a plant or animal that’s never been seen before. They’ll need to be able to explain the biology behind it all, though, making this an in-depth project you can tailor to any class.

Learn more: Create an Organism at I Love 2 Teach

Investigate decomposition

Difficulty: Easy / Materials: Easy

Yup, it’s gross … so kids will love it! Seal food items in a plastic bag and experiment to see what factors affect their decomposition, helped along by a heaping dose of mold.

Learn more: Decomposition at Mystery Science

Assemble a lung model

With just a few supplies including balloons and a plastic bottle, you can make an impressive working model of human lungs. This makes a very cool 4th grade science fair project.

Explore the causes of tooth decay

They hear it from their parents all the time, but this experiment will prove to your students once and for all what can happen to their teeth when exposed to different drinks such as soda and milk. This is one of those classic 4th grade science fair projects every kid should try.

For students who love to tinker, STEM challenges can spark incredible 4th grade science fair projects. Here are some of our favorites for this age group.

Engineer a drinking-straw roller coaster

STEM challenges are always a hit with kids. We love this one, which only requires basic supplies like drinking straws . ( Get more 4th grade STEM challenges here. )

Learn more: Drinking Straw Roller Coaster at Frugal Fun for Boys and Girls

Make a wigglebot

Who knew electricity could be so adorable? Explore the science behind batteries and motors by creating a simple “wigglebot.” Experiment with weights to throw the motor off balance and create fun designs.

Learn more: Wigglebot at Research Parent

Construct a working flashlight

You’ll only need a few supplies to guide your students in building their own LED flashlights. They’ll learn how electricity travels and the way circuits work. The slideshow available through the link makes this lesson a breeze for teachers too.

Learn more: DIY Flashlight at Mystery Science

Build a hovercraft

It’s not exactly the same model the military uses, but this simple hovercraft is a lot easier to build. An old CD and a balloon help demonstrate air pressure and friction in this fun 4th grade science experiment.

Learn more: DIY Hovercraft at Education.com

Create a smartphone projector

No projector in your classroom yet? No problem! Have your students help you construct one for your smartphone using a cardboard box and large magnifying glass . They’ll learn about convex lenses and how the brain processes images too.

Learn more: DIY Smartphone Projector at The STEM Laboratory

Set up a pulley system

The science of machines never fails to fascinate kids. In this experiment, they’ll design their own pulley system to make it easier to lift an object.

Learn more: DIY Pulley at 123 Homeschool 4 Me

Design a working elevator

Engineering activities make for amazing hands-on learning. Challenge your 4th grade students to build an elevator that can safely lift a certain amount of weight.

Make a model seismometer

Explore the science of seismology and learn how scientists study earthquakes and their effects. This model seismometer is easy to build and fun to experiment with.

Learn more: Model Seismometer at Science Sparks

Conduct an egg drop

Here’s one more classic to add to our list of 4th grade science experiments: the egg drop! The great thing about this project is that kids can do it at any age, with different materials and heights to mix it up. Hit the link below to get an egg drop project designed just for 4th graders.

Learn more: Egg Drop Challenge Ideas

Demonstrate Newton’s laws of motion with balloon rockets

Who doesn’t love balloon rockets?! Your students will have a blast(off) displaying Newton’s third law of motion while learning about physics.

Many 4th grade science standards include units on energy and motion. These energy science activities offer cool hands-on ways to spice up your classroom lessons.

Flick marbles to learn transfer of energy

This experiment is a bit of a thinker: What will happen when one moving marble hits several stationary marbles sitting in a row? Flick the first marble and find out!

Learn more: Marble Energy Transfer at Frugal Fun for Boys and Girls

See energy transfer in action with sports balls

Place a tennis ball on top of a basketball and bounce them together to see how energy transfers from one object to another. This one is very easy, and kids will love seeing how high they can get the balls to bounce!

Go an on energy scavenger hunt

Emphasize the fact that energy is all around us in one form or another with this easy, free printable energy science activity. For a more advanced version, help students identify each kind of energy (kinetic, stored, heat, etc.) they find.

Learn more: Energy Scavenger Hunt at The Science Penguin

See a heat-powered windmill demonstrate convection

Heat rises, and its interaction with cooler air creates convection currents. Find out how we can put convection to work for us with this 4th grade science craft project.

Capture waves in a bottle

Here’s a quick and easy way to show wave action in a no-mess way. You don’t need to add a little ship to the bottle, but it does make it more fun!

Learn more: Waves in a Bottle at What I Have Learned Teaching

Assemble a wave machine

Turn this one into a class cooperative activity, or try it as a science fair project idea. Either way, it’s an incredibly fascinating way to demonstrate the energy science of waves.

Use a Slinky to demonstrate types of waves

A Slinky is more than just a toy—it’s also a terrific science manipulative! Use it to see waves in motion, both longitudinal and transverse.

Watch gravity beads prove Newton’s laws

You’ll need a loooooooong string of beads for this experiment. Make your own by taping dollar-store strings together, or buy a long bead garland . Pile them in a cup and get the beads going; it’s fascinating to watch inertia and gravity at work.

Learn more: Gravity Beads at Teach Beside Me

Spin marble tops to learn about inertia

Glue together marbles in a variety of pyramidal patterns to form tops, then form hypotheses about which will spin best. Afterwards, kids will have fun new toys to play with!

Learn more: Marble Tops at KidsActivities.com

Visualize the second law of motion with soda cans

Newton’s second law, concerning acceleration, force, and mass, can be a little hard to understand. This easy 4th grade science demo makes it a little easier to visualize.

More 4th Grade Science Projects and Activities

Use these cool science experiments to encourage a love of science, at home or in the classroom!

Measure a magnet’s attraction force

Fourth grade science students already know that magnets attract metal objects. In this experiment, they’ll measure to see how close a magnet needs to be to an object for the attraction to work. Mix things up with different sizes of magnets and objects of various weights.

Learn more: Magnet Measurements at Ashleigh’s Education Journey

See light refraction in action

This seems more like a magic trick, but we promise it’s science! Make colors seem to appear and disappear, change numbers into letters, and more.

Learn more: Light Refraction at Ronyes Tech

“Draw” on water with dry-erase marker

This is another one of those mind-blowing science demos that kids will want to try over and over again. Draw on a shallow bowl or plate with dry-erase markers , then slowly add water. The marker (which is insoluble in water) will float to the top!

Paint with sunscreen

Prove that sunscreen really does provide protection from harmful UV rays. Turn this into a full-blown experiment by trying different SPFs or comparing it to other creams or lotions without SPF.

Learn more: Paint With Sunscreen at Team Cartwright

Become human sundials

Choose a sunny day and grab some sidewalk chalk—your students are about to become sundials! They’ll practice measuring skills and learn about the movement of the sun across the sky.

Learn more: Human Sundial at Rhythms of Play

Mine for chocolate chips

If you’re learning about mineral resources, this quick hands-on activity is an interesting way to explore the effects of mining. Kids have two minutes to find as many chocolate chips as they can in a cookie. Will they smash it up and destroy it entirely? Pick them out one by one? This experiment can lead to intriguing discussions.

Learn more: Mining for Chocolate Chips at Sarah’s STEM Stuff

Assemble an edible DNA model

Use licorice sticks, four different-colored candies or fruits, and toothpicks to build an edible strand of DNA. Learn about chemical bonds and the helix shape, then eat your creation!

Learn more: Edible DNA Model at wikiHow

Layer an edible soil model

Digging in the dirt is fun, but it’s even more fun when you can eat the dirt when you’re finished! Create edible soil-layer models, complete with gummy worms, for a simple earth science project. ( Find more edible science projects here. )

Learn more: Edible Soil Layers at Super Teacher Blog

Turn a penny green

Experiment with simple chemical reactions as you turn pennies green using vinegar. (Don’t forget to tell students that the Statue of Liberty is green for this very same reason!)

Learn more: Penny Reactions at Buggy and Buddy

Use marshmallows to explore Boyle’s law

Seeing Boyle’s law (which relates pressure and volume of gasses) in action makes it a little easier to understand and remember. This simple 4th grade science experiment uses marshmallows to make a great visual.

Learn more: Boyle’s Law at Hojo’s Teaching Adventures

Form ocean currents

Learning about oceanography? Demonstrate how ocean currents form using warm and cold water (and a few plastic sea creatures for extra fun!).

Learn more: Ocean Currents at Life Over C’s

Understand the impact of non-renewable resources

This is a neat Earth Day activity . Discuss the differences between renewable and non-renewable resources, then have your class form “companies” to “mine” non-renewable resources. As they compete, they’ll see how quickly the resources are used. It’s a great tie-in to energy conservation discussions.

Learn more: Non-Renewable Resources at The Owl Teacher

Explore blood components

Use simple kitchen supplies to create a jar full of “blood” that includes plasma, platelets, red blood cells, and white blood cells. (You can even snack on the blood cells along the way!)

Learn more: Blood Model at Almost Supermom

Create cool colors with candy

Learn about diffusion in the sweetest way! Grab a bag of Skittles for this quick and easy 4th grade science project.

Wow them with glowing water

Your students will ooh and aah at the result of this exploratory way to show phosphors in action with a black light, different types of water, and a highlighter. The results of this experiment might surprise both you and your students!

Learn more: Glowing Water Experiment at Cool Science Experiments Headquarters

Keep the STEM excitement going with these 25 Fantastic Free 4th Grade Math Games .

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50 Fantastic 5th Grade Science Projects, Experiments, and Activities

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10 Practical Uses of Science in Our Daily Life

• Kristina C.
• 17 minutes read
• Correction policy

Science is a fascinating field that impacts our daily lives in countless ways. From the moment we wake up to the time we go to bed, science plays a crucial role in shaping our experiences. It is responsible for the technological advancements and innovations that surround us, making our lives easier, safer, and more enjoyable.

In our daily lives, science is used in various ways. It allows us to communicate instantly with loved ones across the globe, thanks to the wonders of technology. Science is behind the development of medicines and vaccines that help us stay healthy and fight diseases. It enables us to travel faster and more efficiently, whether by car, train, or airplane.

Moreover, science helps us understand and appreciate the world around us. It explains the natural phenomena we witness, such as the changing seasons or the movement of the stars. Science also fuels our curiosity, pushing us to explore the depths of the ocean or the vastness of outer space.

In essence, science is a constant companion in our daily lives, enhancing our experiences and providing us with endless possibilities. It is the driving force behind progress and innovation, making our lives more exciting and fulfilling. So the next time you marvel at the wonders of modern technology or experience the wonders of nature, remember that science is at the heart of it all.

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Science importance & use in our daily life - youtube (video).

Health and Medicine

Health and medicine are areas where the daily use of science is invaluable. From diagnosing illnesses to developing new treatments, science plays a vital role in improving our well-being. Medical advancements have led to the discovery of life-saving drugs, the development of surgical techniques, and the implementation of preventative measures.

In addition to treating diseases, science also helps us understand the human body better, aiding in the prevention of illnesses and the maintenance of good health. It allows us to gain insights into the intricacies of our biology, enabling us to make informed decisions about our lifestyles. Science has also contributed to the creation of innovative medical technologies, such as imaging machines, prosthetics, and telemedicine, which have revolutionized healthcare delivery.

Furthermore, scientific research has paved the way for the development of vaccines, which have eradicated or significantly reduced the prevalence of deadly diseases. Science's impact on health and medicine is far-reaching, improving the quality and longevity of our lives.

Communication and Technology

Communication and technology play a crucial role in our daily lives, thanks to science. From the moment we wake up to the moment we go to bed, we are constantly surrounded by various forms of communication and technology that have become an integral part of our routines. Whether it's using our smartphones to send text messages, checking emails on our laptops, or even watching television, science has made all of these activities possible.

Not only does science enable us to communicate with others effortlessly, but it also allows us to stay connected with the world around us. Through social media platforms, we can share our thoughts and experiences with friends and family, even if they are miles away. Science has revolutionized the way we communicate by introducing video calls and instant messaging services, making it easier than ever to connect with loved ones in real-time.

Technology has also greatly improved our productivity and efficiency. With the help of science, we now have access to a multitude of devices and gadgets that simplify our daily tasks. From smart home systems that allow us to control our appliances with a single command to navigation apps that guide us to our desired destinations, science has enhanced our lives in countless ways.

Moreover, science has transformed the way we access information and gain knowledge. With just a few taps on a screen, we can find answers to our questions, explore different topics, and educate ourselves on various subjects. The internet and search engines have become our go-to sources of information, empowering us to learn and grow every day.

Science has revolutionized communication and technology, making our lives more interconnected and convenient. With advancements in science, we can stay connected with loved ones, simplify daily tasks, and access a wealth of knowledge at our fingertips. The 10 uses of science in our daily lives encompass various aspects, from communication to productivity and beyond, shaping the way we live and interact with the world.

Transportation and Travel

Science plays a crucial role in transportation and travel, impacting our daily lives in numerous ways. Firstly, advancements in science have revolutionized the way we travel, with the invention of various modes of transportation such as cars, airplanes, and trains. These innovations have made it quicker and more convenient for people to commute and explore different parts of the world.

Science has also improved the safety and efficiency of transportation systems. Through the use of advanced technologies like GPS navigation and traffic control systems, science has helped in reducing accidents and congestion on roads, ensuring smoother and faster travel experiences.

Furthermore, science has contributed to the development of fuel-efficient engines and alternative energy sources, enabling us to reduce our carbon footprint and promote sustainable travel. Electric vehicles and hybrid cars are prime examples of how science is transforming the transportation industry to be more environmentally friendly.

In the realm of travel, science has provided us with tools and resources to explore and understand the world around us. From global positioning systems (GPS) to weather forecasting technologies, science has made it easier for travelers to navigate unfamiliar territories and plan their journeys effectively.

Science plays a vital role in shaping the transportation and travel sector. Through constant advancements and innovations, it has revolutionized the way we commute, improved safety measures, and promoted sustainability. Science continues to drive progress in this field, making travel more accessible, efficient, and enjoyable for everyone.

"Science is the key to unlocking the doors of the future and understanding the world we live in." - Neil deGrasse Tyson

Energy and Environment

Energy and the environment are closely interconnected, with science playing a crucial role in both areas. Science provides us with the knowledge and tools to understand and address the environmental challenges we face, while also helping us harness and utilize energy efficiently.

• Renewable Energy: Science has enabled us to tap into renewable sources of energy such as solar, wind, and hydroelectric power. These sustainable alternatives help reduce our dependence on fossil fuels, decrease greenhouse gas emissions, and mitigate climate change.
• Energy Conservation: Through scientific research, we have gained a deeper understanding of energy conservation techniques. This knowledge has led to the development of energy-efficient appliances, smart grids, and building design strategies that reduce energy consumption and promote sustainability.
• Environmental Monitoring: Science plays a vital role in monitoring and assessing the health of our environment. Scientific techniques and technologies, such as remote sensing and data analysis, allow us to study air and water quality, biodiversity, and the impacts of human activities on ecosystems. This information is crucial for making informed decisions and implementing effective environmental policies.
• Waste Management: Science helps us manage and minimize waste effectively. Scientific advancements have led to the development of recycling technologies, waste treatment methods, and strategies for reducing pollution. By applying scientific knowledge, we can reduce the environmental impact of waste and move towards a more sustainable approach to resource management.

Science is instrumental in addressing the energy and environmental challenges we face. It empowers us to adopt sustainable practices, develop cleaner energy sources, and protect our environment for future generations. By embracing scientific advancements, we can create a healthier, more sustainable world.

💡 Tip: Conserving energy is essential for both our environment and our wallets. Simple changes like turning off lights when not in use, using energy-efficient appliances, and reducing water consumption can make a significant impact. By being mindful of our energy usage, we can contribute to a more sustainable future.

Agriculture and Food

Science plays a crucial role in agriculture and food production, impacting nearly every aspect of our daily lives. Through scientific advancements, we have been able to increase crop yields, improve food quality, and develop sustainable farming practices.

One of the key uses of science in agriculture is the development of genetically modified organisms (GMOs). Through genetic engineering, scientists have been able to enhance crop traits such as pest resistance and drought tolerance, resulting in higher yields and better crop productivity. This has been essential in feeding our growing global population.

Science also helps in the development of fertilizers and pesticides. Through scientific research, we are able to create fertilizers that provide the necessary nutrients for plant growth, improving crop yields. Similarly, pesticides help control pests and diseases, protecting crops and ensuring food security.

In addition, science plays a crucial role in soil management. Through soil testing and analysis, scientists can determine the nutrient content and pH levels of the soil, allowing farmers to make informed decisions about fertilization and irrigation. This helps optimize crop growth and reduces the risk of nutrient deficiencies.

Furthermore, science has revolutionized food preservation and storage. Through techniques such as canning, freezing, and drying, we can extend the shelf life of perishable foods, reducing food waste and ensuring a stable food supply.

Science also contributes to the development of sustainable farming practices. Through research on organic farming methods, crop rotation, and integrated pest management, we can minimize the use of harmful chemicals and promote environmentally friendly farming practices.

Science plays a vital role in agriculture and food production, helping us meet the demands of a growing population while ensuring sustainable and efficient farming practices. By harnessing scientific advancements, we can continue to improve crop yields, enhance food quality, and protect our environment for future generations.

Home and Household

Science plays a crucial role in our daily lives, even within the comfort of our own homes. From the moment we wake up to the time we go to sleep, science is at work, making our lives easier and more convenient.

In the kitchen, science allows us to cook our meals efficiently and safely. The principles of chemistry and physics help us understand how heat is transferred during cooking, ensuring that our food is cooked thoroughly and evenly. Science also helps us preserve our food through refrigeration and freezing, allowing us to enjoy fresh produce and prevent food waste.

In terms of cleaning, science provides us with a range of products and tools that make household chores easier. The chemistry behind detergents and cleaning agents helps us remove stains and sanitize our homes effectively. Science also plays a role in developing efficient appliances, such as vacuum cleaners and washing machines, that save us time and energy.

In home maintenance, science enables us to understand the structural integrity of our homes. Engineering principles guide architects and builders in constructing safe and sturdy houses. Science also helps us maintain our homes by providing knowledge about plumbing, electrical systems, and insulation, ensuring our comfort and safety.

Beyond the kitchen and maintenance, science is also present in our entertainment and relaxation. From television screens and audio systems to gaming consoles and streaming services, science fuels our entertainment devices, enhancing our leisure time.

Science is intertwined with our daily lives, even within the confines of our homes. From cooking and cleaning to home maintenance and entertainment, science contributes to our well-being and convenience. By understanding and appreciating the scientific principles behind these aspects, we can fully maximize the benefits that science brings into our everyday lives.

Education and Learning

Education and learning play a crucial role in our daily lives, and science is an integral part of this process. Science provides us with the tools and knowledge to explore and understand the world around us. It helps us develop critical thinking skills, enhances our problem-solving abilities, and fosters a sense of curiosity and wonder. One of the uses of science in education and learning is through practical experiments and hands-on activities.

By conducting experiments, students can apply scientific principles and theories to real-life situations, allowing them to see the practical applications of what they are learning. This not only helps to reinforce their understanding of scientific concepts but also encourages them to think creatively and develop their own ideas.

Science also plays a vital role in technological advancements, which have revolutionized the field of education. With the help of science, we now have access to online learning platforms, educational apps, and interactive simulations that make learning more engaging and accessible. These technologies provide students with a wealth of resources and opportunities for self-directed learning, allowing them to explore different topics and personalize their educational experiences.

Furthermore, science has contributed to the development of innovative teaching methods and instructional strategies. Educators can now incorporate multimedia materials, such as videos, animations, and virtual reality, into their lessons to enhance students' understanding and engagement. These interactive and visually stimulating resources help to cater to different learning styles and make complex concepts more accessible.

Science also plays a significant role in curriculum development. By integrating scientific principles into various subjects, such as mathematics, language arts, and social studies, students can see the interconnectedness of different disciplines. This interdisciplinary approach not only helps them develop a holistic understanding of the world but also encourages them to think critically and make connections between different concepts.

In addition to these uses, science also promotes lifelong learning. By cultivating a scientific mindset, individuals become lifelong learners who are constantly seeking new knowledge and information. Science encourages us to question the world around us, explore new ideas, and seek evidence-based answers. This mindset of curiosity and inquiry extends beyond the classroom and has numerous applications in our daily lives, from making informed decisions about our health to understanding complex societal issues.

Science plays a vital role in education and learning by providing practical applications, technological advancements, innovative teaching methods, interdisciplinary approaches, and a mindset of lifelong learning. Its impact goes beyond the classroom, empowering individuals to navigate the complexities of the world and make informed decisions. By incorporating science into education, we equip students with the tools and skills they need to thrive in an ever-changing society.

Entertainment and Recreation

Entertainment and recreation play a crucial role in our daily lives, providing us with much-needed relaxation and enjoyment. Science has revolutionized these aspects of our lives, making them more diverse, accessible, and immersive than ever before.

One of the most prominent uses of science in entertainment is the development of virtual reality (VR) technology. Through VR, we can transport ourselves to various virtual worlds, experiencing everything from thrilling adventures to peaceful getaways. This technology is made possible through scientific advancements in computer graphics, optics, and human-computer interaction.

Science has also brought us innovative forms of entertainment, such as 3D movies and augmented reality (AR) games. These technologies combine scientific principles with creative storytelling, allowing us to immerse ourselves in captivating visual experiences.

Beyond virtual realms, science has enhanced traditional forms of entertainment. The development of high-definition televisions and surround sound systems has elevated our movie-watching and gaming experiences, bringing us closer to the action and enhancing our enjoyment.

In the realm of recreational activities, science has provided us with various tools and equipment that enhance our performance and safety. Sports gear, such as advanced tennis rackets and golf clubs, are designed using scientific principles to optimize our performance. Scientific research has led to the development of protective equipment like helmets and padding, ensuring our safety during physical activities.

Science has even influenced the way we enjoy music. From the invention of musical instruments to the advancements in sound recording and production, scientific principles have shaped the way we create, listen, and appreciate music.

Science has revolutionized entertainment and recreation, providing us with immersive experiences, innovative technologies, and enhanced equipment. Through scientific advancements, we can enjoy a wide range of entertainment options and engage in recreational activities safely and with optimal performance. Embrace the wonders of science and let it enrich your daily life through entertainment and recreation.

Safety and Security

Safety and security are paramount in our daily lives, and science plays a crucial role in ensuring our well-being. From the moment we wake up to the time we go to sleep, science is at work, safeguarding us in various ways. One of the key uses of science in ensuring our safety and security is through advanced surveillance systems.

These systems utilize cutting-edge technology, such as facial recognition and motion sensors, to monitor and detect any potential threats or suspicious activities. This helps in preventing crime and protecting public spaces.

Science also contributes to our safety through advancements in the field of medicine. Medical researchers and scientists work tirelessly to develop vaccines, medicines, and treatments that safeguard us from diseases and ailments. From flu shots to life-saving surgeries, science enables us to live healthier and longer lives.

Furthermore, science plays a pivotal role in enhancing transportation safety. Through the development of innovative technologies, such as anti-lock braking systems and airbags, science has significantly reduced the risk of accidents and injuries on the road. Advancements in aviation technology have made air travel safer than ever before.

In the realm of cybersecurity, science is essential in protecting our personal information and digital assets. Scientists continuously innovate and develop robust encryption algorithms and security protocols to safeguard our data from cyber threats and hacking attempts.

Science is indispensable when it comes to ensuring our safety and security in various aspects of our lives. From surveillance systems to medical breakthroughs, transportation safety, and cybersecurity, science empowers us to live in a safer and more secure world.

Research and Innovation

Research and innovation are essential components of our daily lives, contributing to advancements in science that impact our world in numerous ways. Science plays a crucial role in improving technology, healthcare, communication, transportation, and much more. Through research and innovation, scientists and inventors continuously strive to enhance our daily lives.

In the field of medicine, research and innovation have led to the development of life-saving drugs and treatments, prolonging and improving the quality of life for countless individuals. Scientists constantly explore new avenues to combat diseases, inventing innovative techniques and therapies that have revolutionized healthcare.

Moreover, research and innovation have transformed the way we communicate and access information. Through scientific advancements, we now have instant access to vast amounts of knowledge through the internet and various technological devices. This has facilitated global connectivity, allowing us to connect with people from all corners of the world.

Transportation has also greatly benefited from research and innovation. From the invention of automobiles to the development of sustainable energy sources, science has enabled us to travel faster, more efficiently, and in a more environmentally friendly manner. Research in the field of aerospace has led to the exploration of space, expanding our understanding of the universe.

Research and innovation are vital in improving our daily lives. They drive progress in various fields, including medicine, technology, communication, and transportation. Through continuous scientific exploration, we can look forward to even more advancements that will shape the future of our world. So, let's embrace research and innovation as catalysts for a brighter and more prosperous tomorrow.

Given these points

Science is not just a subject taught in schools; it is a fundamental part of our daily lives. From the moment we wake up to the moment we go to bed, science influences and improves every aspect of our existence.

Whether it's the advancements in medicine that keep us healthy, the technology that connects us with the world, or the innovations that make our lives more comfortable, science is the driving force behind it all. By understanding and appreciating the practical uses of science in our daily life, we can fully embrace the incredible achievements of human knowledge and continue to push the boundaries of what is possible.

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50 Easy Science Activities For Preschoolers

Curious kids turn into junior scientists with these fun and easy preschool science experiments . Th ese science activities for preschoolers are doable and use simple supplies for home or in the classroom. Plus, you can scale any of these activities to use with kindergarten through elementary-age students!

Science for Preschoolers Engages the Senses

Preschool science encourages observations of the five senses, including sight, sound, touch, smell, and sometimes taste. The more kids can fully immerse themselves in an activity, the greater their interest will be !

Kids are naturally curious creatures, and once you have piqued their curiosity, you have also activated their observation, critical thinking, and experimentation skills.

These science activities are perfect for the senses, allowing play and exploration without adult-led directions. Kids will naturally start to pick up on the simple science concepts presented just by having a fun conversation about it all with you!

• 5 Senses Exploration Station
• 5 Senses Coloring Book (Free)
• 5 Senses Discovery Bags
• Apple Taste Test with the 5 Senses
• Pop Rocks and 5 Senses

Awesome Science Activities for Preschoolers

💡 Many of the preschool science projects below can be adapted to your kids’ current level. Also, these are perfect for kids of multiple ages to work together in small groups.

Click on each link below for full instructions. Also, look through our seasonal preschool science activities and grab the free science experiment cards!

• Spring Preschool Science Experiments
• Fall Preschool Science Experiments: apples and pumpkins
• Winter Preschool Science Experiments

Check out how different materials absorb water with this simple what absorbs water activity. 

ALKA SELTZER CHEMICAL REACTIONS

Make an Alka Seltzer Rocket , try a simple Alka Seltzer Experiment or a homemade Lava Lamp to check out this neat chemical reaction.

BAKING SODA AND VINEGAR EXPERIMENTS

Who doesn’t like a fizzing, foaming eruption? From an erupting lemon volcano to our simple baking soda balloon experiment. . Check out our list of baking soda science activities to get started!

BALLOON RACE CARS

Explore energy, measure distance, build different cars to explore speed and distance with simple balloon cars. You can use Duplo, LEGO, or build your own car.

BALLOON ROCKETS

Gas, energy, and power! Make Go power! Set up a simple balloon rocket. All you need is a string, a straw, and a balloon!

BURSTING BAGS

Definitely take this bursting bags science activity outside! Will it pop? This science activity will have you on the edge of your seat!

BUTTER IN A JAR

The science you can spread with a tasty homemade butter, after a good workout for the arms anyway!

BUTTERFLY LIFE CYCLE

Explore the butterfly life cycle with a free printable pack and butterfly sensory bin idea. Or create an edible butterfly life cycle instead!

Explore the simple fun of bubbles with these easy bubble experiments ! Can you make a bubble bounce? We have a recipe for the perfect bubble solution too.

Check out even more bubble fun with 2D bubble shapes or 3D bubble shapes , bubble painting , and bubble snakes !

BUILDING BRIDGES

This bridge building activity is an easy engineering project for young kids. It starts with the planning and designing process and ends with the building process. Construct your own bridge from simple supplies.

BUILDING TOWERS

Kids love building, and building structures is a great activity that incorporates many skills and is also frugal. Check out a variety of building activities .

CANDY SCIENCE

Play Willy Wonka for a day and explore candy science with floating m&m’s, chocolate slime, dissolving candy experiments, and more!

CELERY AND FOOD COLORING

Watch how water moves through a plant with a simple celery food coloring science experiment!

CHICK PEA FOAM

Have fun with this taste-safe sensory play foam made with ingredients you probably already have in the kitchen! This edible shaving foam, or aquafaba as it is commonly known, is made from the water chickpeas are cooked in.

COLOR MIXING

Color mixing is a science. Learn colors through play with these preschool color activities .

CRYSTAL GROWING

Growing crystals is simple! You can easily grow your own crystals at home or in the classroom with our simple recipe. Make a rainbow crystal , a snowflake , hearts , crystal eggshells , and even crystal seashells.

DENSITY {LIQUIDS}

Can one liquid be lighter than the other? Find out with this easy liquid density experiment!

DINOSAUR FOSSILS

Be a paleontologist for a day, make homemade dinosaur fossils , and then go on your own dig . Check out all our fun preschool dinosaur activities .

DISCOVERY BOTTLES

Science in a bottle. Explore all kinds of simple science ideas right in a bottle! They are perfect for themes, too, like these Earth Day ones!

Test how strong an egg is with this easy eggshell strength experiment. Find out what happens to an egg in vinegar , and try our mess-free egg drop challenge for young kids.

Have you ever changed the color of a flower? Try this color-changing flower science experiment and learn about how a flower works! Or why not try growing your own flowers with our list of easy flowers to grow .

What goes up must come down. Have young kids explore concepts in gravity around the house or classroom with simple objects you already have.

FIZZING LEMONADE

Explore the senses and a little chemistry with our fizzy lemonade recipe.

ICE CREAM IN A BAG

Homemade ice cream is yummy, edible science with only three ingredients! Don’t forget the winter gloves and sprinkles—this gets cold!

ICE MELT SCIENCE

An ice melt activity is a simple science you can set up in many different ways with many themes. Ice melting is a wonderful introduction to a simple science concept for young kids! Check out our list of ice activities for preschool.

Try the classic expanding ivory soap experiment! One bar of ivory soap can be very exciting! Also see how we experimented with one bar of soap and turned it into either soap foam!

Another must try science experiment using oil and water, a lava lamp experiment is always a favorite!

LETTUCE GROWING ACTIVITY

Set up a lettuce growing station. This is fascinating to watch and pretty quick to do. We watched the new lettuce grow taller each day!

Magic milk is one of our most popular science experiments. It is also just plain fun and mesmerizing!

What’s magnetic? What’s not magnetic? You can set up a magnet science discovery table for your kids to explore and this fun magnet activity !

MIRRORS AND REFLECTIONS

Mirrors are fascinating and have wonderful play and learning possibilities plus it makes for great science!

BOUNCY EGG EXPERIMENT

Ah, the egg in vinegar experiment. You need a little patience for this one {takes 7 days}, but the end result is really cool!

OOBLECK {NON-NEWTONIAN FLUIDS}

Oobleck is 2 ingredient fun! A simple recipe using kitchen cupboard ingredients, but it is the perfect example of a non-newtonian fluid. Also makes for fun sensory play. Make classic oobleck or colored oobleck.

Take the penny boat challenge and find out how many pennies your tin foil boat will hold before sinking. Learn about buoyancy and how boats float on water.

Make a simple pulley that really works, and test out lifting loads.

Learn about the science of rainbows as well as fun rainbow-themed science experiments. Check out our fun selection of simple-to-set-up  r ainbow science experiments . 

RAMPS AND FRICTION

We use cars and balls all the time with our rain gutters! Even flat pieces of wood or stiff cardboard work! Newton’s laws of motion really come alive with simple toy cars and homemade ramps.

ROCK CANDY (SUGAR CRYSTALS)

Another tasty science activity as you explore how sugar crystals form!

FOUR SEASONS

What’s the reason for the seasons, perfect for kids?

SEED GERMINATION

Our simple seed jar science activity is one of our most popular science activities for preschoolers. It is an excellent way to see how a seed grows!

THE 5 SENSES

Let’s explore the senses! Young kids are learning to use their senses every day. Set up a simple 5 Senses Science Table for exploring and learning how their senses work! Our candy taste test and senses activity are fun, too.

SHADOW SCIENCE

Explore shadows in several ways! Make shadows with your body (fun outdoor play and learning idea) and animal shadow puppets to check out!

Every kid should build a volcano with a simple chemical reaction, baking soda and vinegar! Build a sandbox volcano or a LEGO volcano ! Learn about fun volcano facts too!

Young kids learn by exploring, observing, and figuring out the way things work with hands-on activities. This volume activity encourages all of the above and is simple to set up.

WATER EXPERIMENTS

There are all kinds of fun science activities you can do with water. Use your STEM design skills to build your own water play wall , observe refraction of light in water , explore what dissolves in water or even try a simple solid liquid gas experiment .

WATER XYLOPHONE

Learn a little bit about the science of sound with a simple water xylophone.

WEATHER SCIENCE

Explore weather with rain clouds and tornados or even make a water cycle in a bottle!

TORNADO BOTTLE

Create a tornado in a bottle and study the weather safely!

We made both an indoor and outdoor zip line this year. Explore science concepts through play.

How to Teach Science to Preschoolers

Teaching science to preschoolers is a wonderful way to spark their curiosity about the world around them. Making the learning process fun, engaging, and age-appropriate is essential.

Make sure to check out…

• STEM for Toddlers
• STEM for Kindergarten
• STEM for Elementary

Begin by incorporating hands-on activities and experiments that encourage exploration and observation. Use simple and relatable examples from their everyday lives, such as observing plants grow, mixing colors, or exploring the properties of water.

Encourage questions and provide simple explanations that align with their level of understanding. Picture books can also be valuable tools for teaching science concepts. Add fun themes and colors for the holidays and seasons!

Additionally, fostering a sense of wonder and excitement about the natural world will lay a strong foundation for their future scientific learning. Remember that patience, repetition, and a nurturing environment are key to helping preschoolers develop a lifelong love for science.

Helpful Resources

Check out the links below to prepare yourself, your family, or your classroom for these easy preschool science experiments and activities. The key to success is in the preparation!

• Preschool Science Center Ideas
• Sensory Science Activities
• Fine Motor Activities
• Preschool Math Activities
• STEAM Books with Activities for Kids
• Make a homemade science kit that’s inexpensive!

Printable Preschool Pack

Get ready to explore this year with our growing Preschool STEM Bundle ! Or grab the individual packs.

What’s Included:

There are 12 fun preschool themes to get you started. This is an ” I can explore” series! You’ll find both seasonal and non-seasonal themes appropriate to preschool learning throughout the year.

Each unit contains approximately 15 activities, with instructions and templates  as needed. Hands-on activities are provided to keep it fun and exciting. This includes sensory bins, experiments, games, and more! Easy supplies keep it low-cost, and book suggestions add learning time.

22 Comments

Hi, this sounds like a neat activity for young toddlers to explore for texture. Could u please share the ingredients. My profession is in childcare. The children would like this activity I believe. Again, please share your slime recipe. Thank you!! LaTonia Jackson Armstrong

Hi! You simply need to click through the liquid starch slime link or get your recipe here box. However, I would suggest one of our taste safe slime recipes for toddlers as regular slime contains borax, sodium borate, or boric acid. These slimes should not be tasted!

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It’ fun for kids to experiment and science activities of any kind are a great way to encourage kids to explore. I will encourage my son about this hope so he will enjoy it. Thanks for the sharing such a interesting article.

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