jobs for economics phd holders

33 Jobs For PhD In Economics (Academic Adventures Await)

Are you a dedicated economics enthusiast? Love immersing yourself in market trends and data?

Then, this is your lucky day!

Today, we’re exploring a comprehensive list of ideal jobs for PhDs in Economics.

From economic consultants to financial analysts. Each one is the perfect role for those who live and breathe economics.

Imagine delving deep into economic theories and practices. Day in, day out.

Sounds incredibly stimulating, doesn’t it?

So, settle into your favourite brainstorming nook.

And get ready to uncover your dream economics career!

University Professor

Average Salary: $60,000 – $150,000 per year

University Professors in Economics educate and mentor students in higher education institutions, conduct research, and contribute to academic scholarship in their field.

This role is ideal for individuals with a PhD in Economics who are passionate about teaching, research, and advancing the understanding of economic principles and policies.

Job Duties:

• Teaching : Develop and deliver lectures, seminars, and workshops in economics to undergraduate, graduate, and PhD students.
• Research : Conduct original research in economics, publish findings in academic journals, and present at conferences.
• Curriculum Development : Design and update economics course materials, ensuring they reflect the latest theoretical and practical knowledge.
• Advising Students : Provide academic advice and mentorship to students, guiding them through their educational and research endeavors.
• Academic Service : Participate in departmental and university committees, contributing to the governance and improvement of educational programs.
• Professional Development : Stay abreast of new research, teaching methods, and developments in the field of economics.

Requirements:

• Educational Background : A PhD in Economics is required, with a strong record of research and publication.
• Teaching Skills : Proven ability to teach complex economic concepts effectively at the university level.
• Research Expertise : Demonstrated expertise in a specialized area of economics, with the ability to secure research funding and publish scholarly work.
• Communication Skills : Excellent verbal and written communication skills for lecturing, publishing, and engaging with the academic community.
• Mentoring : A commitment to mentoring students and fostering their academic and professional growth.

Career Path and Growth :

University Professors have the opportunity to shape the next generation of economists and contribute significantly to the field through research and publication.

Career advancement can include taking on leadership roles such as Department Chair, Dean, or other administrative positions within the university.

Professors may also gain recognition through awards, fellowships, and by participating in influential policy-making committees or consulting roles.

Economic Researcher in Government Agencies

Average Salary: $70,000 – $120,000 per year

Economic Researchers in government agencies play a vital role in informing policy and decision-making processes through rigorous economic analysis.

This role is ideal for PhD in Economics holders who are interested in applying their advanced knowledge to address real-world economic issues at the national or international level.

• Data Analysis and Research : Conduct comprehensive economic research using quantitative and qualitative methods to analyze trends, policy implications, and economic outcomes.
• Policy Development Support : Provide critical support in the development of economic policies by supplying data-driven insights and forecasting implications of policy changes.
• Report Writing : Prepare detailed reports and briefings that communicate complex economic concepts and research findings to policymakers, stakeholders, and the public.
• Collaboration with Stakeholders : Work closely with other government departments, academic institutions, and international organizations to gather information and align economic strategies.
• Advising on Economic Issues : Serve as an expert advisor on economic matters, providing recommendations to government officials and agencies.
• Keeping Abreast of Economic Developments : Stay informed about the latest economic theories, research methods, and global economic events that could impact policy-making.
• Educational Background : A PhD in Economics or a related field is required.
• Analytical Skills : Strong proficiency in statistical analysis, econometrics, and economic modeling.
• Communication Skills : Excellent written and verbal communication skills, with the ability to distill complex economic information into actionable insights.
• Problem-Solving : Adept at using economic theory and data analysis to address pressing economic issues and policy questions.
• Research Proficiency : Experience in conducting high-level economic research and familiarity with various economic research methodologies.

As an Economic Researcher in government agencies, there is the potential for significant career advancement.

Researchers can progress to senior economist roles, lead research teams, or become chief advisors on economic policy.

Long-term career paths may include director-level positions in government agencies, appointments to economic advisory councils, or roles in international organizations such as the IMF or World Bank.

Data Scientist

Average Salary: $85,000 – $130,000 per year

Data Scientists analyze and interpret complex data to help companies make more strategic decisions.

With a PhD in Economics, these professionals are particularly adept at understanding economic data and trends, which can be invaluable in various sectors such as finance, government, and technology.

This role is ideal for those with a PhD in Economics who are passionate about using their analytical skills to solve real-world problems and influence economic strategies.

• Analyzing Economic Data : Utilize statistical techniques and models to interpret economic data, identifying trends and making predictions.
• Developing Predictive Models : Create models that forecast economic outcomes, enabling businesses or policymakers to make informed decisions.
• Communicating Insights : Present complex economic concepts and data-driven findings to non-technical stakeholders in a clear and actionable manner.
• Improving Data Collection Methods : Evaluate current data collection methods and propose improvements to enhance the quality and accuracy of economic data.
• Collaborating with Teams : Work with cross-functional teams to integrate economic analysis into broader business or policy strategies.
• Continual Learning : Stay abreast of the latest economic theories, data analysis techniques, and industry trends to maintain a competitive edge.
• Educational Background : A PhD in Economics is required, often with a focus on econometrics, statistics, or a related quantitative field.
• Data Analysis Skills : Proficient in data analysis software and programming languages such as R, Python, SQL, and experience with big data platforms.
• Statistical Knowledge : Strong understanding of statistical theories and the ability to apply them to analyze economic data.
• Communication Skills : Excellent verbal and written communication skills, with the ability to translate complex data into strategic insights.
• Problem-Solving : Adept at using data to solve complex economic problems and provide actionable recommendations.

Data Scientists with a PhD in Economics can expect a dynamic career path, with opportunities to work on a wide range of challenging problems.

Advancement can include leading data science teams, becoming a chief economist or head of analytics, or branching out into consultancy roles to influence economic policy and strategy at high levels.

Economic Consultant

Economic Consultants apply their knowledge of economics to provide expert advice to businesses, government agencies, and other organizations.

They analyze economic trends, evaluate economic policies, and forecast economic conditions.

This role is perfect for individuals with a PhD in Economics who enjoy utilizing their expertise to solve complex economic problems and influence decision-making.

• Conducting Economic Research : Perform rigorous economic analysis to understand market trends, policy impacts, and industry dynamics.
• Advising on Economic Policy : Provide strategic advice to clients on economic policy, regulation, and business strategy based on data-driven insights.
• Forecasting Economic Conditions : Predict economic outcomes based on quantitative models and detailed research to assist in planning and investment decisions.
• Developing Economic Strategies : Help clients develop economic strategies that consider the broader market environment and potential scenarios.
• Expert Testimony : Deliver expert testimony in legal settings, such as during regulatory hearings or antitrust cases, by presenting economic evidence and analysis.
• Staying Informed : Keep abreast of the latest economic theories, research methodologies, and current events to provide informed and relevant advice.
• Educational Background : A PhD in Economics or a closely related field is required.
• Quantitative Skills : Strong quantitative and analytical skills, including expertise in statistical software and econometric methods.
• Problem-Solving : Ability to apply economic theory to real-world issues and develop practical solutions.
• Communication Skills : Excellent written and verbal communication skills, with the ability to simplify complex economic concepts for a non-specialist audience.
• Detail-Oriented : A meticulous approach to data analysis and a commitment to accuracy in forecasting and advisory work.

As an Economic Consultant, there is potential for significant career advancement.

With experience, one might take on more prominent client accounts, lead larger research teams, or become a top advisor for government or corporate policymakers.

Some may choose to transition into academia or high-level positions within financial institutions.

Ongoing education and staying current with economic research can also open up opportunities for specialization and leadership roles within the field.

Policy Advisor

Average Salary: $60,000 – $100,000 per year

Policy Advisors analyze economic trends and data to advise on the formulation, implementation, and modification of public policies.

This role is perfect for those with a PhD in Economics who are interested in applying their analytical skills to influence and shape public policy.

• Research and Analysis : Conduct thorough research and analyze data on economic issues to inform policy decisions.
• Policy Development : Assist in developing policies that address economic challenges and aim to improve societal outcomes.
• Stakeholder Engagement : Communicate with stakeholders, including government officials, industry experts, and the public, to gather insights and build consensus around policies.
• Policy Briefs and Reports : Prepare detailed reports and briefs that synthesize economic research and policy recommendations.
• Legislative Support : Provide support and advice to legislators regarding the economic implications of proposed bills and laws.
• Monitoring and Evaluation : Evaluate the effectiveness of existing policies and recommend adjustments based on economic indicators and outcomes.
• Strong Analytical Skills : Exceptional ability to analyze complex economic data and understand its implications for policy.
• Communication Skills : Excellent written and verbal communication skills, with the ability to articulate economic concepts and policy recommendations to diverse audiences.
• Strategic Thinking : Ability to think strategically about long-term policy goals and the steps required to achieve them.
• Collaboration : Comfortable working with a team and engaging with a wide range of stakeholders.
• Knowledge of Political Processes : Understanding of the legislative process and how economic policies are implemented and modified.

A career as a Policy Advisor offers the opportunity to have a direct impact on society by shaping the policies that govern economic outcomes.

With experience, Policy Advisors can progress to senior advisory roles, lead policy research teams, or transition into influential positions within governmental or international agencies.

Their expertise may also open doors to academic roles or high-level consultancy work.

Financial Analyst

Average Salary: $60,000 – $85,000 per year

Financial Analysts conduct quantitative analyses of information affecting investment programs of public or private institutions.

This role is ideal for PhD in Economics holders who excel in data analysis and have a strong interest in financial markets, economic trends, and investment strategies.

• Financial Data Analysis : Assess economic and financial data to identify trends, forecast market movements, and provide recommendations to facilitate strategic decision-making.
• Investment Portfolio Evaluation : Analyze current and potential investments, evaluating risks and returns to guide portfolio management.
• Reporting and Presentation : Prepare detailed reports and presentations summarizing research findings, economic trends, and investment insights for stakeholders.
• Market Research : Conduct comprehensive market research to stay abreast of economic conditions, industry developments, and investment opportunities.
• Modeling and Forecasting : Develop financial models to predict future economic conditions and assist with budget planning and resource allocation.
• Economic Policy Analysis : Review and interpret the potential impacts of fiscal and monetary policies on investment strategies and market performance.
• Educational Background : A PhD in Economics or a related field, with a strong foundation in quantitative analysis, statistics, and econometrics.
• Analytical Skills : Advanced ability to analyze financial data, interpret economic trends, and develop sophisticated financial models.
• Communication Skills : Excellent written and verbal communication skills, with the ability to explain complex financial concepts to non-experts.
• Technical Proficiency : Proficiency with financial software, databases, and statistical analysis tools, such as Excel, SQL, and SAS.
• Attention to Detail : Meticulous attention to detail and the ability to synthesize large amounts of data into actionable insights.

This role offers the opportunity to contribute to the financial success of organizations by providing expert economic and investment analysis.

With experience, Financial Analysts can advance to senior roles such as Senior Financial Analyst, Investment Manager, or Chief Financial Officer (CFO).

They may also specialize in particular industries or move into consulting, offering their expertise to a variety of clients.

Senior Economist

Average Salary: $100,000 – $150,000 per year

Senior Economists conduct advanced economic analyses and design economic models for businesses, financial institutions, government agencies, and think tanks.

This role is ideal for individuals with a Ph.D. in Economics who enjoy applying their expertise to solve complex economic problems and influence decision-making.

• Conducting Economic Research : Lead in-depth research projects, utilizing advanced quantitative methods to analyze economic data and trends.
• Developing Economic Models : Create and refine economic models to predict market behavior, policy outcomes, or financial risks.
• Policy Analysis : Evaluate the potential impact of government policies or regulations on the economy and advise on policy development.
• Producing Reports and Publications : Write detailed reports, research papers, and policy briefs to communicate findings to stakeholders and the broader academic community.
• Providing Expert Testimony : Offer insights and expert opinions on economic matters to government committees, corporate boards, or during legal proceedings.
• Staying Informed : Keep abreast of the latest economic theories, research methodologies, and global economic events and trends.
• Educational Background : A Ph.D. in Economics or a closely related field is typically required.
• Advanced Analytical Skills : Proficiency in statistical analysis, econometrics, and economic modeling is essential.
• Communication Skills : Excellent written and verbal communication skills, with the ability to present complex economic concepts to non-experts.
• Research Experience : Extensive experience conducting economic research and a strong track record of published work.
• Strategic Thinking : Ability to apply economic theory to real-world scenarios and provide strategic recommendations.

As a Senior Economist, there is potential to significantly impact economic policy and business strategy.

With experience and a strong reputation in the field, Senior Economists can progress to leadership positions in research institutions, become chief economists at large organizations, or hold influential roles in government agencies.

There is also the opportunity to become a thought leader within the academic community or to consult independently on high-profile economic issues.

Statistician

Average Salary: $75,000 – $125,000 per year

Statisticians apply mathematical and statistical techniques to analyze and interpret data, often for the purpose of informing public policy or business decisions.

This role is ideal for PhD in Economics graduates who enjoy using their expertise in quantitative analysis to solve real-world problems and influence decision-making.

• Data Analysis : Utilize advanced statistical methods to analyze large datasets, drawing meaningful conclusions and insights.
• Economic Research : Conduct research on economic phenomena, utilizing statistical models to predict trends and outcomes.
• Policy Evaluation : Assess the effectiveness of public policies or business strategies through careful data analysis and statistical evaluation.
• Report Writing : Prepare detailed reports and presentations to communicate findings to stakeholders, policymakers, or academic audiences.
• Collaborative Projects : Work with interdisciplinary teams, including economists, policymakers, and business leaders, to design studies and interpret data.
• Continued Education : Stay abreast of the latest developments in statistical methods, economic research, and relevant software tools.
• Educational Background : A PhD in Economics, Statistics, or a closely related field, with a strong emphasis on quantitative methods.
• Quantitative Skills : Proficiency in statistical analysis, econometrics, and the use of statistical software such as R, SAS, or Stata.
• Research Experience : Demonstrated experience in conducting empirical research and applying statistical methods to complex economic issues.
• Communication Skills : Excellent written and verbal communication skills, with the ability to explain complex statistical concepts to non-experts.
• Problem-Solving : Strong analytical and critical thinking skills to address diverse and challenging economic questions.

As a Statistician with a PhD in Economics, there is a wide range of opportunities for career advancement.

Professionals can progress to lead research teams, become senior analysts in government or private sector, or enter academia as professors.

Additionally, there’s the potential to specialize in areas such as econometrics, data science, or financial analysis, further enhancing career prospects.

Quantitative Analyst

Average Salary: $70,000 – $150,000 per year

Quantitative Analysts, often referred to as Quants, utilize advanced mathematical and statistical techniques to solve complex problems in the financial sector.

They are integral in developing and implementing algorithmic trading strategies, risk management protocols, and predictive models.

This role is ideal for Ph.D. graduates in Economics who have a strong foundation in quantitative analysis, econometrics, and a passion for financial markets and data-driven decision-making.

• Data Analysis : Apply econometric and statistical methods to analyze large datasets for pattern recognition and predictive analytics.
• Model Development : Create financial models to forecast market trends and assess risk, contributing to investment decisions and strategy formulation.
• Algorithmic Trading : Design and refine algorithms for automated trading systems that execute trades based on predefined criteria.
• Risk Management : Evaluate potential risks and devise strategies to mitigate them, ensuring the financial health and stability of the organization.
• Report Generation : Produce detailed reports that communicate complex quantitative findings and recommendations to stakeholders.
• Continual Learning : Stay abreast of new developments in economic theory, computational methods, and financial regulations.
• Educational Background : A Ph.D. in Economics with a strong emphasis on quantitative methods or a related quantitative field such as Statistics, Mathematics, or Financial Engineering.
• Analytical Skills : Proficiency in quantitative analysis, with the ability to apply mathematical models to real-world financial problems.
• Technical Proficiency : Strong programming skills in languages such as Python, R, MATLAB, or C++, and familiarity with database management systems.
• Problem-Solving : A keen analytical mind capable of developing innovative solutions to complex financial challenges.
• Communication Skills : The ability to clearly communicate technical concepts and quantitative findings to non-specialist audiences.
• Detail-Oriented : Meticulous attention to detail and accuracy in data analysis and model development.

Quantitative Analysts have the potential to significantly impact financial strategies and organizational success.

With experience, they can advance to senior roles such as Quantitative Researcher, Chief Risk Officer, or Head of Algorithmic Trading.

Career growth may also include transitioning into executive positions or becoming subject-matter experts consulting on national and global economic policies.

Market Research Analyst

Average Salary: $55,000 – $85,000 per year

Market Research Analysts are responsible for assessing and interpreting data to help companies understand what products people want, who will buy them, and at what price.

This role is ideal for PhDs in Economics who enjoy applying their analytical skills to real-world market conditions and consumer behaviors.

• Conducting Market Analysis : Gather and analyze data on consumer demographics, preferences, needs, and buying habits to identify potential markets and factors affecting product demand.
• Developing Surveys and Collecting Data : Design surveys to assess consumer preferences and market conditions, and use a variety of methodologies to collect reliable data.
• Statistical Analysis : Apply statistical techniques to interpret data and forecast future marketing trends.
• Reporting Insights : Prepare reports and present results to clients or management, using graphs, charts, and other visual means to communicate complex data clearly.
• Recommending Strategies : Use insights gained from the data to recommend marketing strategies and campaigns that align with consumer trends and preferences.
• Keeping Abreast of Industry Trends : Stay informed about industry conditions, business trends, and the economic landscape to maintain a competitive edge.
• Educational Background : A PhD in Economics, Marketing, Statistics, or a related field is highly valued.
• Analytical Skills : Strong capability in analyzing data, identifying patterns, and understanding complex market dynamics.
• Technical Proficiency : Proficiency in statistical software and data analysis tools, such as SPSS, SAS, or R, as well as knowledge in data visualization platforms.
• Communication Skills : Excellent written and verbal communication skills, with the ability to translate complex data into actionable business insights.
• Attention to Detail : Ability to meticulously examine data and trends to make informed recommendations.
• Problem-Solving : Creative problem-solving skills and the capacity to think critically about market challenges and opportunities.

Market Research Analysts play a crucial role in shaping business strategy and decision-making.

With experience, they can progress to senior analyst roles, become market research managers, or specialize in particular industries or types of analysis.

There are also opportunities for independent consulting or academic research positions.

Econometrician

Econometricians apply mathematical and statistical techniques to economic data to analyze and forecast economic trends, inform policy decisions, and test economic theories.

This role is ideal for Ph.D. in Economics graduates who are passionate about using data to understand complex economic phenomena and contribute to decision-making processes.

• Data Analysis : Use econometric models and software to analyze economic data and extract meaningful insights.
• Economic Forecasting : Develop predictive models to forecast economic indicators and trends for businesses, governments, or research institutions.
• Policy Evaluation : Apply econometric methods to assess the effectiveness of current and proposed economic policies.
• Research and Development : Conduct research to improve existing econometric methodologies or develop new techniques for analyzing economic data.
• Collaboration with Teams : Work with cross-functional teams to provide data-driven recommendations for strategic planning and policy design.
• Reporting Findings : Present complex econometric findings in a clear and understandable manner to stakeholders and policymakers.
• Educational Background : A Ph.D. in Economics with a focus on econometrics or a related field is essential.
• Quantitative Skills : Strong background in statistics, mathematics, and econometric software (e.g., Stata, R, SAS).
• Research Experience : Proven experience in conducting high-level economic research and using econometric methods.
• Analytical Thinking : Ability to interpret complex datasets and turn them into actionable insights.
• Communication Skills : Excellent written and verbal communication skills for presenting findings to a non-technical audience.
• Problem-Solving : Strong problem-solving skills to address economic questions and policy issues.

Econometricians have the opportunity to influence economic policy and corporate strategy through their analysis.

They can advance in academic, government, or private sectors to positions such as Chief Economist, Senior Policy Advisor, or Director of Research.

Engaging in ground-breaking research can also lead to recognition as an expert in the field and opportunities for consultancy work.

Risk Management Director

Average Salary: $100,000 – $160,000 per year

Risk Management Directors oversee and manage an organization’s risk management policies to minimize financial losses and avoid potential threats.

This role is ideal for PhD in Economics holders who excel in analytical thinking and are passionate about financial stability and strategic risk assessment.

• Developing Risk Management Frameworks : Design and implement comprehensive risk strategies and policies to identify, assess, and mitigate risks.
• Financial Analysis : Conduct in-depth financial analysis to forecast potential risks and provide recommendations for financial planning and capital management.
• Regulatory Compliance : Ensure the organization adheres to all relevant laws, regulations, and standards related to financial risk and compliance.
• Reporting and Communication : Communicate risk assessments and recommendations to senior management, stakeholders, and the board of directors.
• Crisis Management : Prepare for and address any financial crises or unexpected events that could impact the organization’s financial health.
• Continuous Learning : Keep abreast of new regulations, financial products, and economic trends that could affect the organization’s risk profile.
• Educational Background : A PhD in Economics or a related field, with a strong emphasis on quantitative analysis, finance, and econometrics.
• Strategic Planning Skills : Proven ability to develop and execute strategic plans for risk management and financial stability.
• Regulatory Knowledge : In-depth understanding of the regulatory environment and compliance requirements related to financial risk.
• Communication Skills : Exceptional verbal and written communication skills, with the ability to explain complex risk scenarios to a non-technical audience.
• Leadership : Strong leadership skills to guide and mentor a risk management team and influence company-wide risk awareness.
• Problem-Solving : Proficiency in identifying and solving complex financial problems with a proactive and analytical approach.

Starting as a Risk Management Director opens up various opportunities for career advancement.

With experience, individuals can move into higher executive roles such as Chief Risk Officer (CRO) or Chief Financial Officer (CFO), overseeing broader aspects of an organization’s financial health and strategy.

Continuous professional development and staying current with the latest economic theories and risk management techniques will also contribute to career progression.

International Trade Specialist

Average Salary: $60,000 – $90,000 per year

International Trade Specialists develop strategies and provide advice on international trade policies, economic agreements, and trade legislation.

They analyze economic trends, monitor trade flows, and evaluate the impacts of trade policies on domestic and international markets.

This role is ideal for Ph.D. in Economics graduates who are interested in applying their advanced analytical and economic skills in the global marketplace.

• Trade Policy Analysis : Assess and interpret trade agreements, tariffs, and regulations to advise businesses or government bodies on international trade practices.
• Economic Research : Conduct in-depth economic analysis to understand international market trends and the impact of trade policies on economic growth.
• Trade Negotiations : Provide expert advice during trade negotiations and help formulate strategies to protect domestic industries and promote exports.
• Compliance Monitoring : Ensure that trade practices adhere to international laws and agreements, and advise on necessary adjustments to comply with changing regulations.
• Reporting and Documentation : Prepare detailed reports on trade statistics, economic conditions, and policy recommendations for stakeholders.
• Continuing Education : Keep abreast of global economic developments, emerging markets, and changes in trade legislation.
• Educational Background : A Ph.D. in Economics or a related field with a focus on international trade or international economics.
• Quantitative Skills : Strong quantitative and data analysis skills, including proficiency in statistical software and econometric methods.
• Understanding of Trade Laws : In-depth knowledge of international trade regulations, economic policies, and the World Trade Organization (WTO) agreements.
• Communication Skills : Excellent verbal and written communication skills, with the ability to present complex economic data and concepts clearly.
• Cultural Sensitivity : Awareness of cultural differences and the ability to navigate international business practices diplomatically.

International Trade Specialists can expect to engage with a range of global economic issues and have the opportunity to shape trade policies that influence national economies.

With experience, International Trade Specialists can advance to leadership roles in government agencies, international organizations, or private sector companies.

Opportunities also exist for consulting roles or academic positions, where they can contribute to research and education in international economics.

Government Economist

Average Salary: $74,000 – $136,000 per year

Government Economists analyze economic data, evaluate economic policies, and advise on fiscal matters within various government departments.

This role is ideal for individuals with a Ph.D. in Economics who aspire to influence public policy and contribute to the economic well-being of the nation.

• Research and Analysis : Conduct in-depth economic research and analysis to inform policy decisions, using advanced statistical methods and econometric models.
• Policy Development : Collaborate with policymakers to develop, assess, and implement economic policies that address national challenges.
• Economic Forecasting : Provide forecasts on economic trends, including inflation rates, employment levels, and GDP growth to support strategic planning.
• Publications and Reports : Prepare official reports, briefing notes, and publications that articulate complex economic concepts and policy implications.
• Interagency Collaboration : Work with other government agencies, international organizations, and stakeholders to coordinate economic strategies.
• Legislative Testimony : Offer expert testimony on economic issues before legislative committees or during public hearings.
• Educational Background : A Ph.D. in Economics or a closely related field is required, with a focus on public policy, macroeconomics, or fiscal policy preferred.
• Quantitative Skills : Proficiency in quantitative analysis, including expertise in statistical software and econometric techniques.
• Policy Knowledge : A deep understanding of economic policy, fiscal matters, and government operations.
• Communication Skills : Strong written and verbal communication skills, with the ability to translate complex economic data into actionable insights for non-economists.
• Problem-Solving : Critical thinking and problem-solving abilities to address economic issues and develop viable policy solutions.

A career as a Government Economist offers the opportunity to shape economic policy and make a tangible impact on society.

With experience, Government Economists can advance to senior advisory roles, lead research teams, or move into executive positions within government agencies.

Opportunities also exist to transition into international organizations or think tanks, where expertise in economic policy is highly valued.

Think Tank Analyst

Think Tank Analysts conduct in-depth research and analysis on a variety of economic issues, formulating policy recommendations and strategic advice.

This role is ideal for those with a PhD in Economics who enjoy applying their advanced analytical skills to real-world policy and economic challenges.

• Research and Analysis : Conduct rigorous research on economic policies, market trends, and other financial issues, utilizing quantitative and qualitative methods.
• Policy Development : Synthesize research findings to develop informed policy recommendations for governments, businesses, and non-profit organizations.
• Report Writing : Prepare detailed reports and briefs that communicate complex economic concepts in a clear and accessible manner to stakeholders.
• Data Interpretation : Analyze economic data and forecasts to understand and predict trends and their potential implications for policy and strategy.
• Public Engagement : Present research findings to policymakers, members of the media, and the general public through presentations, panels, and discussions.
• Collaboration : Work with a multidisciplinary team of experts, contributing economic expertise to broader discussions on policy and strategy.
• Educational Background : A PhD in Economics or a related field is highly preferred, demonstrating expert-level knowledge and research skills.
• Strong Analytical Skills : Advanced ability to analyze complex data and economic models to derive insightful conclusions.
• Communication Skills : Excellent written and verbal communication skills, with the capability to articulate economic findings to a diverse audience.
• Problem-Solving : Adept at identifying economic problems and proposing evidence-based solutions.
• Research Proficiency : Strong background in conducting research, including familiarity with statistical software and data analysis tools.

As a Think Tank Analyst, there is potential for significant impact on public policy and economic development.

With experience, analysts can ascend to leadership roles within think tanks, advising on high-level strategy and directing research agendas.

Opportunities also exist for transitioning into government advisory positions, academia, or consulting roles, where economic expertise is highly valued.

Investment Banker

Investment Bankers play a pivotal role in the financial sector by assisting corporations, governments, and other entities in raising capital and providing strategic financial advice.

This role is ideal for PhD in Economics graduates who are interested in applying their advanced knowledge of economics to the high-stakes world of finance and investment.

• Financial Modeling and Analysis : Create and analyze complex financial models to value companies and assess the financial viability of deals.
• Deal Structuring : Assist in structuring deals, including mergers, acquisitions, and the issuance of stocks and bonds.
• Market Research : Conduct thorough market research to inform strategic decision-making and offer insights into industry trends.
• Client Presentations : Develop and present pitches and presentations to potential clients, showcasing investment opportunities and strategies.
• Regulatory Compliance : Ensure all financial transactions and advisory services comply with relevant financial regulations and laws.
• Networking : Cultivate relationships with clients, stakeholders, and industry professionals to identify new business opportunities.
• Educational Background : A PhD in Economics or a related field is highly desirable, often supplemented with additional qualifications in finance or business.
• Strong Analytical Skills : Exceptional ability to analyze financial data, economic trends, and market conditions.
• Financial Acumen : A deep understanding of financial instruments, capital markets, and investment strategies.
• Communication Skills : Excellent verbal and written communication skills, with the ability to effectively negotiate and persuade.
• Detail-Oriented : Meticulous attention to detail, ensuring the accuracy of financial analysis and compliance with regulations.
• Resilience and Work Ethic : Ability to work long hours under high pressure and adapt to a fast-paced, changing environment.

Investment banking offers a dynamic and lucrative career path for individuals with a PhD in Economics.

With experience, investment bankers can rise to senior positions such as Director or Managing Director, specialize in certain types of deals or industries, or move into top executive roles within the corporate world.

The skill set acquired in investment banking also opens opportunities in private equity, venture capital, and government advisory services.

Strategy Consultant

Average Salary: $80,000 – $150,000 per year

Strategy Consultants provide expert advice and guidance to organizations on their business strategies, combining economic theory with deep analytical skills to help businesses optimize performance and navigate complex market dynamics.

This role is ideal for PhD in Economics graduates who enjoy applying their advanced economic knowledge to solve real-world business challenges.

• Conducting In-Depth Industry Analysis : Lead comprehensive research and analysis of market trends, competitive landscapes, and economic conditions.
• Developing Strategic Plans : Formulate actionable strategies for clients to increase profitability, market share, and long-term sustainability.
• Financial Modeling : Create sophisticated models to forecast business outcomes and assess the economic implications of various strategic options.
• Advising on Policy and Regulation : Provide insight on the potential impact of regulatory changes and advise on policy compliance.
• Client Presentations : Deliver persuasive presentations to clients, clearly communicating strategic recommendations and their expected outcomes.
• Staying Informed : Keep abreast of the latest economic theories, models, and practices to ensure advice is based on cutting-edge knowledge.
• Educational Background : A PhD in Economics or a related field is highly preferred, demonstrating a deep understanding of economic principles and analytical techniques.
• Problem-Solving Skills : Exceptional ability to dissect complex problems and develop innovative solutions.
• Quantitative Analysis : Strong quantitative skills, with proficiency in statistical software and data analysis tools.
• Communication Skills : Excellent verbal and written communication skills, with the ability to explain intricate economic concepts to a non-specialist audience.
• Project Management : Ability to manage multiple projects simultaneously and to deliver results within tight deadlines.

Strategy Consultants have the potential to significantly influence the success of businesses and organizations.

With experience, they may advance to senior consultancy roles, lead their own consulting firms, or move into executive positions within corporate strategy departments.

The deep understanding of economics can also open doors to policy advising and academia.

Central Bank Officer

Central Bank Officers play a crucial role in shaping and implementing monetary policies, overseeing financial stability, and managing a country’s currency and reserves.

This role is ideal for PhD in Economics graduates who are interested in macroeconomic policy, financial markets, and economic research.

• Formulating Monetary Policy : Participate in the development and execution of monetary policy to maintain price stability and support economic growth.
• Financial Stability Oversight : Monitor and analyze financial institutions and markets to identify and mitigate systemic risks.
• Economic Research and Analysis : Conduct in-depth economic research to inform policy decisions and publish findings on economic trends and issues.
• Regulatory Framework Development : Help design and update regulations that govern the financial system to ensure its integrity and stability.
• Public Communication : Clearly communicate central bank policies and decisions to the public and financial industry stakeholders.
• International Coordination : Collaborate with international financial organizations and central banks to align policies and manage global financial challenges.
• Educational Background : A PhD in Economics or a closely related field is highly desirable, often required.
• Analytical Skills : Advanced skills in economic analysis and the ability to interpret complex financial data and economic indicators.
• Policy Formulation : Strong understanding of monetary policy, financial regulation, and macroeconomic principles.
• Communication Skills : Excellent verbal and written communication skills, with the ability to explain economic concepts and policy decisions to a wide audience.
• Leadership and Teamwork : Ability to lead projects and work collaboratively with other officers and departments within the central bank.

Central Bank Officers have the opportunity to significantly impact a nation’s economy and financial system.

With experience, they can move into higher-level advisory roles, lead major policy initiatives, or assume top executive positions within the central bank.

The knowledge and skills gained can also be valuable for international financial institutions or private sector consultancies.

Public Policy Research Director

Public Policy Research Directors lead teams in research institutions, think tanks, or governmental agencies, focusing on the analysis and development of public policies.

This role is ideal for PhDs in Economics who wish to apply their analytical skills and economic knowledge to influence and shape public policy.

• Leading Policy Research : Oversee and guide rigorous research projects on economic and public policy issues to inform policymakers and the public.
• Developing Policy Recommendations : Synthesize research findings to craft policy recommendations that address economic challenges and opportunities.
• Engaging with Stakeholders : Collaborate with government officials, industry leaders, and other stakeholders to discuss and refine policy proposals.
• Disseminating Research : Publish reports, articles, and papers to share research outcomes and influence the public discourse on economic policies.
• Advocacy and Testimony : Represent the organization’s policy positions in legislative hearings, conferences, and media interviews.
• Monitoring Economic Trends : Stay abreast of global and domestic economic trends, data, and forecasts to ensure research relevance and accuracy.
• Educational Background : A PhD in Economics or a related field is essential, demonstrating expertise in economic theories and quantitative methods.
• Leadership and Management Skills : Proven ability to lead and manage research teams, projects, and budgets effectively.
• Policy Analysis Expertise : Strong background in policy analysis and the ability to evaluate the impacts of various policy options.
• Communication Skills : Excellent verbal and written communication skills, with the ability to convey complex economic concepts to non-expert audiences.
• Strategic Thinking : Capacity to think critically and strategically about long-term policy development and implications.
• Networking : Ability to build and maintain relationships with key policymakers, researchers, and other stakeholders in the policy community.

This role provides the opportunity to make a tangible impact on society by shaping policies that address pressing economic issues.

With experience, Public Policy Research Directors can advance to higher executive positions within their organizations, serve as expert consultants for government agencies, or transition into academic roles where they can educate the next generation of economists and policy analysts.

Economic Development Specialist

Average Salary: $55,000 – $90,000 per year

Economic Development Specialists work towards improving the economic well-being of a community or region through job creation, job retention, tax base enhancements, and quality of life improvements.

This role is ideal for PhD in Economics graduates who are passionate about applying their advanced economic knowledge to practical, real-world challenges to foster community growth and development.

• Conducting Economic Research : Analyze economic trends, labor market conditions, and demographic data to inform policy and strategic planning.
• Developing Economic Strategies : Create and implement economic development plans that encourage investment, job creation, and sustainable growth.
• Community Collaboration : Work with local businesses, government agencies, and community groups to coordinate development efforts.
• Grant Writing and Fundraising : Secure funding for economic development projects through grant writing and partnership development.
• Policy Development : Advise policymakers on the economic impact of proposed laws, regulations, and other policy initiatives.
• Program Management : Oversee economic development programs and monitor their progress and effectiveness.
• Educational Background : A PhD in Economics or a related field is highly valuable for this role.
• Analytical Skills : Strong ability to analyze complex data and translate it into actionable strategies.
• Communication Skills : Excellent verbal and written communication skills, with the ability to articulate economic concepts to diverse audiences.
• Collaboration : Experience in working collaboratively with various stakeholders and building consensus.
• Project Management : Proficiency in managing multiple projects and initiatives, often with tight deadlines.

Economic Development Specialists are at the forefront of shaping the economic future of communities.

With experience, they can rise to senior positions, such as Director of Economic Development, or specialize in areas like urban planning, international development, or public policy.

There is also the potential to influence regional or national economic strategies, making a broader impact on economic policies and practices.

Research Economist

Average Salary: $70,000 – $110,000 per year

Research Economists conduct rigorous data analysis and economic modeling to understand complex economic issues.

They work in various sectors, including government agencies, think tanks, academia, and private industry.

This role is well-suited for PhD in Economics graduates who excel in quantitative analysis and are passionate about influencing economic policy and business strategy.

• Conducting Economic Analysis : Utilize advanced statistical techniques and econometric models to analyze economic data and trends.
• Policy Development Support : Provide insights and recommendations to policymakers or business leaders based on research findings.
• Publishing Research Findings : Write reports, academic papers, and articles to disseminate research results to both specialized and general audiences.
• Collaborating with Experts : Work with other economists, researchers, and subject-matter experts to refine research methodologies and interpret data.
• Presenting at Conferences : Attend and present findings at economics conferences, workshops, and seminars to contribute to the academic and policy-making community.
• Keeping Current with Economic Theories : Stay up-to-date with the latest developments in economic thought and empirical methods.
• Educational Background : A PhD in Economics is highly preferred, although candidates with a Master’s degree in Economics and significant research experience may also be considered.
• Quantitative Skills : Strong proficiency in statistical analysis, econometrics, and modeling software (e.g., Stata, R, SAS, MATLAB).
• Research Experience : Demonstrated experience conducting economic research, with a solid track record of published work.
• Communication Skills : Excellent writing and verbal communication skills, with the ability to present complex economic concepts clearly and persuasively.
• Problem-Solving : Ability to apply economic theory to real-world problems and develop practical solutions or policy recommendations.

A Research Economist has the potential to significantly impact economic policy and business strategy.

With experience, individuals may advance to senior analyst positions, lead research departments, or become recognized as experts in their field.

Opportunities for tenured academic positions or high-level consultancy roles also exist for those with a robust portfolio of research and publications.

Professor of Economics

Average Salary: $75,000 – $120,000 per year

Professors of Economics engage in teaching, research, and publication in the field of economics at academic institutions.

This role is ideal for individuals with a PhD in Economics who are passionate about imparting knowledge, conducting research, and shaping the minds of future economists.

• Teaching Economics Courses : Conduct lectures, seminars, and workshops in various economic subjects at undergraduate and graduate levels.
• Research Activities : Carry out original research in your area of expertise, contributing to the body of knowledge in economics.
• Publishing Findings : Write and publish scholarly articles, papers, and books to disseminate research results within the academic community.
• Curriculum Development : Design, review, and update course content and teaching materials to reflect the latest economic theories and practices.
• Supervising Students : Guide and mentor students on their journey, including advising on dissertations and theses.
• Participating in Academic Service : Serve on university committees, attend conferences, and engage with professional economic associations.
• Communication Skills : Excellent verbal and written communication skills, with the ability to present complex economic concepts clearly and effectively.
• Research Experience : A strong track record of research and publication in reputable economic journals.
• Teaching Skills : Proven ability to educate and engage students in a higher education environment.
• Academic Leadership : Capacity to lead academic programs and contribute to the development of the economics department.

As a Professor of Economics, you have the opportunity to become a leading voice in your field, influencing both the direction of economic research and the development of new economists.

With experience, Professors can achieve tenure, take on roles such as department chair or dean, and gain recognition as influential contributors to economic policy and thought leadership on a global scale.

Policy Analyst

Average Salary: $55,000 – $95,000 per year

Policy Analysts play a crucial role in shaping and evaluating the policies that govern our society.

They use their in-depth knowledge of economics to analyze data, forecast trends, and make recommendations that inform government or organizational decision-making.

This role is ideal for PhD in Economics graduates who are passionate about applying their analytical skills to real-world issues and influencing public policy.

• Conducting Research : Gather and analyze economic data to understand the impact of existing policies and to forecast the effects of proposed regulations.
• Evaluating Economic Programs : Assess the effectiveness of current economic programs and suggest improvements or alternatives.
• Developing Policy Recommendations : Use economic theory and quantitative methods to create evidence-based policy recommendations.
• Writing Reports and Briefs : Prepare detailed reports, policy briefs, and presentations that communicate complex economic concepts to stakeholders.
• Advising Policymakers : Serve as an expert advisor to lawmakers, government agencies, and other policymakers.
• Monitoring Economic Trends : Stay abreast of the latest economic research, trends, and policy developments.
• Educational Background : A PhD in Economics or a closely related field is typically required.
• Quantitative Skills : Strong analytical and statistical skills, with proficiency in economic modeling and data analysis software.
• Communication Skills : Excellent written and verbal communication skills, capable of explaining complex economic issues in a clear and concise manner.
• Problem-Solving : Ability to think critically and creatively to solve policy-related problems.
• Research Experience : Proven experience in conducting thorough and systematic economic research.

Policy Analysts have the opportunity to make a significant impact on society by influencing the policies that affect economic outcomes.

With experience, they can advance to senior analyst positions, lead research teams, or transition into advisory roles.

Some may choose to specialize in specific areas of economic policy, such as healthcare, education, or international trade, becoming recognized experts in their field.

Senior Economic Advisor

Average Salary: $110,000 – $160,000 per year

Senior Economic Advisors provide expert analysis and advice on economic policy and strategy, often within government agencies, think tanks, or large corporations.

This role is a perfect fit for those with a Ph.D. in Economics who are looking to influence economic policy and contribute to strategic decision-making at high levels.

• Policy Analysis and Development : Conduct in-depth analysis of existing economic policies and develop recommendations for improvements or new strategies.
• Advising Decision-Makers : Provide expert advice to senior officials and decision-makers on economic implications of various policy options.
• Economic Research : Lead research projects on complex economic issues and translate findings into actionable policy suggestions.
• Public and Private Sector Liaison : Act as a bridge between the government and private sector entities, ensuring alignment on economic goals and initiatives.
• Communication of Economic Trends : Interpret and communicate economic trends and forecasts to stakeholders, utilizing complex data to inform policy.
• Representing Organizations : Represent the organization or government at economic forums, conferences, and in the media, discussing economic policy positions and research.
• Educational Background : A Ph.D. in Economics or a closely related field is typically required for this senior-level position.
• Policy Experience : Extensive experience in economic policy analysis, development, and advisory roles.
• Research Skills : Advanced research skills, with the ability to lead complex economic studies and interpret data effectively.
• Communication Skills : Strong verbal and written communication skills, with the ability to articulate complex economic concepts to various audiences.
• Leadership and Influence : Proven leadership skills and the ability to influence policy-making through strategic advice and expert knowledge.
• Strategic Thinking : Ability to think critically and strategically about long-term economic trends and policy impacts.

As a Senior Economic Advisor, there are numerous opportunities for career advancement.

Individuals may progress to roles such as Chief Economic Advisor, Director of Economic Policy, or other high-ranking positions within government or private sector organizations.

With their deep understanding of economic theory and policy, Senior Economic Advisors have the potential to shape economic strategies on a national or global scale, making significant contributions to economic stability and growth.

Health Economist

Average Salary: $92,000 – $120,000 per year

Health Economists apply the principles of economics to issues of health and healthcare, assessing the efficiency, effectiveness, value, and behavior in the production and consumption of health and healthcare services.

This role is ideal for PhD in Economics graduates who are interested in the intersection of economics and healthcare and want to influence policy and decision-making in the health sector.

• Conducting Health Economic Analysis : Perform cost-effectiveness, cost-utility, and cost-benefit analyses to evaluate healthcare programs and technologies.
• Healthcare Policy Development : Assist in the creation and evaluation of healthcare policies, considering economic impact and health outcomes.
• Data Analysis and Statistical Modeling : Use statistical tools to analyze health data and forecast future healthcare trends and expenditures.
• Research and Publication : Conduct research on health economic topics and publish findings in academic journals and reports.
• Advisory Roles : Provide advice to government bodies, healthcare providers, and insurance companies on economic aspects of health and healthcare.
• Staying Informed : Keep up-to-date with changes in health policy, economics, and legislation that may affect healthcare systems and funding.
• Educational Background : A PhD in Economics with a focus on health economics or a related field is highly desirable.
• Quantitative Skills : Strong proficiency in quantitative methods, including econometrics and statistical analysis.
• Expertise in Health Policy : Knowledge of current healthcare systems, policies, and regulations.
• Communication Skills : Excellent verbal and written communication skills for presenting complex economic information to non-experts.
• Research Abilities : Experience in conducting independent research and a track record of publications in health economics.

Health Economists have the opportunity to make a significant impact on public health by shaping healthcare policies and practices.

Career growth may involve taking on more significant research projects, leading health economics teams, advising on major health policy initiatives, or advancing to executive roles in healthcare organizations, government agencies, or academic institutions.

International Trade Analyst

International Trade Analysts assess and interpret data on international trade policies, economic conditions, and market trends.

This role is ideal for individuals with a PhD in Economics who are interested in applying their advanced analytical skills to the field of global commerce and trade regulations.

• Conducting Economic Research : Perform in-depth analysis of trade data, economic indicators, and market trends affecting international commerce.
• Evaluating Trade Agreements : Analyze the impact of existing and proposed trade agreements, including tariffs, trade barriers, and other regulatory issues.
• Advising on Trade Policy : Provide insights and recommendations to businesses or government agencies on international trade and economic policy.
• Forecasting Market Conditions : Use econometric models to predict changes in international markets and identify potential opportunities or risks.
• Reporting and Presentation : Prepare comprehensive reports and present findings to stakeholders, policymakers, and industry leaders.
• Monitoring Global Events : Keep abreast of global economic events, trade legislation, and geopolitical shifts that may influence international trade.
• Educational Background : A PhD in Economics or a closely related field with a focus on international trade or econometrics.
• Quantitative Skills : Strong proficiency in statistical analysis, data mining, and economic modeling.
• Knowledge of Trade Policy : A solid understanding of international trade regulations, policies, and economics.
• Communication Skills : Excellent verbal and written communication skills, with the ability to explain complex economic concepts to non-experts.
• Attention to Detail : Ability to meticulously analyze large datasets and draw accurate conclusions.
• Critical Thinking : Strong problem-solving abilities and a critical thinking approach to evaluate economic conditions and trade policies.

International Trade Analysts can expect a dynamic career with opportunities to influence and shape trade policies and strategies.

With experience, they may advance to lead analyst positions, policy advisory roles, or even become chief economists within government, international organizations, or large corporations.

Additionally, they may pursue academic or teaching positions in universities, contributing their expertise to the next generation of economists.

Econometrics Specialist

Econometrics Specialists apply mathematical and statistical techniques to analyze economic data, helping organizations to make informed decisions.

This role is ideal for Ph.D. in Economics holders who have a strong passion for data analysis, statistical modeling, and economic forecasting.

• Developing Econometric Models : Construct and implement complex models to forecast economic trends and analyze policy effects.
• Data Analysis : Use statistical software to collect, process, and interpret large datasets, transforming data into actionable insights.
• Policy Impact Assessment : Evaluate the effectiveness of current and proposed economic policies and recommend adjustments based on empirical evidence.
• Research and Publication : Conduct high-level economic research, contributing to academic journals and presenting findings at industry conferences.
• Collaboration with Teams : Work closely with other economists, analysts, and policymakers to align econometric methods with organizational goals.
• Staying Current : Continuously update knowledge about the latest econometric techniques, economic trends, and global economic issues.
• Educational Background : A Ph.D. in Economics with a focus on econometrics or a related quantitative field is essential.
• Technical Skills : Proficiency in statistical software (e.g., R, Stata, SAS) and strong analytical skills in handling complex economic data.
• Research Experience : A strong track record of published research and the ability to interpret and explain intricate economic concepts.
• Communication Skills : Exceptional written and verbal communication skills, with the aptitude to present findings to both technical and non-technical audiences.
• Problem-Solving : Advanced problem-solving abilities to identify economic trends and forecast potential outcomes.

This role offers the opportunity to significantly impact decision-making processes within organizations, government bodies, or research institutions.

With experience, Econometrics Specialists can progress to lead analyst roles, senior economic advisor positions, or become recognized experts within their field, influencing economic policy and practice on a larger scale.

Labor Economics Analyst

Labor Economics Analysts study and analyze the labor market, focusing on employment trends, wage dynamics, and workforce policies.

This role is perfect for PhD in Economics graduates who have a keen interest in understanding and solving labor market issues through rigorous analysis.

• Conducting Labor Market Research : Utilize advanced econometric models to analyze employment trends, labor supply and demand, and the impact of economic policies on the workforce.
• Evaluating Economic Policies : Assess the effectiveness of labor-related policies and programs, providing recommendations for improvement.
• Forecasting Employment Trends : Predict future labor market conditions using statistical analysis and economic theory.
• Developing Reports and Presentations : Compile findings into comprehensive reports and presentations for stakeholders, policymakers, and academic audiences.
• Advisory Role : Offer strategic advice to organizations, government agencies, and policymakers based on labor market research findings.
• Staying Informed : Remain updated on the latest economic research, labor laws, and global employment trends.
• Educational Background : A PhD in Economics with a focus on labor economics or a closely related field is required.
• Quantitative Skills : Strong proficiency in statistical software and econometric methods, with the ability to interpret and analyze complex data sets.
• Research Expertise : Experience in conducting independent research and a track record of published research in labor economics.
• Communication Skills : Excellent written and verbal communication skills, with the ability to present complex economic concepts and findings to non-experts.
• Policy Analysis : Understanding of how economic research can inform and shape labor policy and workforce development initiatives.

Labor Economics Analysts play a critical role in shaping the workforce of the future.

With experience, they can progress to senior analyst positions, lead research teams, or become influential policy advisors.

Opportunities also exist for those with a PhD in Economics to transition into academia, teaching the next generation of economists and conducting groundbreaking research.

Industrial Organization Economist

Average Salary: $90,000 – $140,000 per year

Industrial Organization Economists analyze and interpret data on the behavior of firms and the dynamics of industries.

They study market structures, competition, pricing strategies, and regulation.

This role is ideal for PhD in Economics graduates who enjoy applying economic theory and empirical analysis to understand how businesses operate and compete.

• Market Structure Analysis : Evaluate the competitive landscape and market concentration in various industries to understand the impact on consumer welfare and economic efficiency.
• Regulatory Impact Assessment : Assess the effects of regulatory policies on industry practices and advise on policy design to promote competition and innovation.
• Price Strategy Evaluation : Analyze pricing strategies and their implications for competition, market power, and consumer choice.
• Merger and Acquisition Analysis : Review and provide insights into the potential impacts of mergers and acquisitions on market competition.
• Research and Publication : Conduct research on industrial organization topics and publish findings in academic journals or industry reports.
• Expert Testimony : Provide expert analysis and testimony in legal cases involving antitrust issues, trade regulations, or competitive practices.
• Educational Background : A PhD in Economics, with a focus on Industrial Organization or a related field.
• Quantitative Skills : Strong proficiency in statistical analysis, econometrics, and mathematical modeling.
• Research Experience : Demonstrated ability to conduct independent research and contribute to the body of knowledge in the field of industrial organization.
• Communication Skills : Excellent written and verbal communication skills to effectively present complex economic concepts and research findings.
• Problem-Solving : Ability to apply economic theory to real-world issues and provide actionable insights.

Industrial Organization Economists have the opportunity to influence business practices and policy-making through their research and analysis.

With experience, they can become leading experts in their field, advising corporations, government agencies, and international organizations.

They may also progress to senior academic positions or lead economic research teams in think tanks or consulting firms.

Public Finance Economist

Average Salary: $68,000 – $125,000 per year

Public Finance Economists analyze and interpret economic data related to government policies, taxation, and budgeting.

They play a critical role in shaping fiscal strategies and ensuring the efficient allocation of public resources.

This role is ideal for PhD in Economics graduates who are dedicated to applying their advanced analytical and economic skills to public sector challenges.

• Policy Analysis : Evaluate the economic impact of government policies and provide recommendations for fiscal efficiency and improvement.
• Budget Forecasting : Analyze economic trends to forecast government revenues and expenditures, aiding in the creation of balanced budgets.
• Tax Policy Development : Assist in designing equitable and efficient tax policies, taking into account economic theories and empirical evidence.
• Economic Research : Conduct in-depth research on public finance issues, such as public goods provision, income distribution, and fiscal federalism.
• Public Debt Management : Analyze and advise on strategies for managing public debt to ensure long-term fiscal sustainability.
• Presenting Findings : Communicate complex economic concepts and research findings to policymakers, stakeholders, and the public.
• Educational Background : A PhD in Economics with a focus on public finance or a related field is highly preferred.
• Quantitative Skills : Proficiency in statistical analysis and econometrics, with the ability to interpret and manipulate large datasets.
• Policy Knowledge : Deep understanding of government structures, fiscal policies, and economic legislation.
• Communication Skills : Strong written and verbal communication skills, necessary for presenting research findings and advising policymakers.
• Problem-Solving : Ability to apply economic theory to real-world problems and develop practical solutions.

Public Finance Economists have significant opportunities for career advancement, including leading roles in government agencies, international organizations, or think tanks.

With experience, they may become chief economists, policy advisors, or fiscal analysts, influencing major decisions on public finance and economic policy.

Their expertise is also valuable for academia, consulting firms, and private sector entities interested in the economic implications of government actions.

Environmental Economist

Average Salary: $60,000 – $120,000 per year

Environmental Economists analyze and interpret the economic impacts of environmental policies and regulations, and study the economics of sustainability and natural resource use.

This role is ideal for PhD in Economics graduates who are passionate about applying economic principles to environmental issues and sustainability.

• Research and Analysis : Conduct rigorous economic analyses on environmental policies, climate change, resource management, and sustainability practices.
• Policy Development Support : Provide insights and recommendations to policymakers on the economic effects of environmental regulations and initiatives.
• Valuation of Environmental Goods : Assess the economic value of clean air, water, ecosystems, and biodiversity, contributing to better-informed decision-making.
• Cost-Benefit Analysis : Perform cost-benefit analyses to evaluate the trade-offs of environmental actions and investments.
• Public Engagement : Communicate complex economic and environmental concepts to the public, stakeholders, and policymakers in an understandable manner.
• Academic Contribution : Publish research findings in academic journals and present at conferences to advance the field of environmental economics.
• Educational Background : A PhD in Economics with a focus on environmental economics or a related field is highly preferred.
• Analytical Skills : Strong quantitative and qualitative analytical skills, with proficiency in statistical software and econometric methods.
• Knowledge of Environmental Policy : In-depth understanding of environmental legislation, sustainability practices, and natural resource management.
• Communication Skills : Excellent verbal and written communication skills to effectively convey research findings and policy implications.
• Interdisciplinary Collaboration : Ability to work with a diverse team of scientists, policymakers, and other stakeholders.

As an Environmental Economist, there is potential for significant impact on shaping environmental policy and sustainable development.

Career growth may include leading research teams, becoming a senior policy advisor, or assuming a professorship at an academic institution.

There’s also the opportunity to consult for international organizations, NGOs, or private firms on environmental economic matters.

Business Economist

Average Salary: $70,000 – $130,000 per year

Business Economists apply their knowledge of economic theory and quantitative methods to analyze business trends, inform strategic decision-making, and forecast economic conditions.

This role is ideal for individuals with a Ph.D. in Economics who enjoy leveraging their advanced analytical skills to guide businesses through complex economic landscapes.

• Conducting Economic Analysis : Utilize economic models and quantitative techniques to analyze current trends and provide actionable insights for business strategies.
• Forecasting Market Conditions : Predict market movements and economic shifts, helping businesses to adjust their operations accordingly.
• Policy Development : Assist in the formulation of policies within the organization by providing expert economic advice.
• Reporting Economic Impact : Prepare reports detailing the potential economic impact of business decisions and market changes.
• Advisory Services : Offer recommendations on business development opportunities, investment decisions, and risk management.
• Research : Conduct in-depth research to support long-term business planning and contribute to scholarly publications.
• Educational Background : A Ph.D. in Economics, or a related field, is typically required, demonstrating expertise in economic theory and quantitative methods.
• Quantitative Skills : Proficiency in statistical analysis, econometrics, and the use of statistical software packages.
• Communication Skills : Excellent verbal and written communication skills, with the ability to explain complex economic concepts to non-specialists.
• Strategic Thinking : Ability to think strategically and provide insights that contribute to the organization’s long-term success.
• Problem-Solving : Strong analytical and problem-solving skills to tackle economic issues affecting the business.

Business Economists can expect to influence key business decisions and contribute to the strategic direction of their organizations.

Career advancement may include leading economic research teams, becoming a chief economist, or transitioning into executive management roles.

Additionally, experienced Business Economists may have opportunities to consult for various organizations, contribute to policy development, or engage in academia.

Chief Financial Officer (CFO)

Average Salary: $120,000 – $250,000+ per year

Chief Financial Officers are responsible for the financial planning, risk management, and fiscal management within a company or organization.

This role is ideal for PhD in Economics holders who enjoy applying their extensive knowledge of economics and finance to executive-level decision-making and strategy.

• Financial Leadership : Oversee the financial strategy, health, and management of the company, including the development of financial and tax strategies.
• Performance Analysis : Monitor and analyze the company’s financial performance, and develop long-term business plans based on these findings.
• Risk Management : Identify and address financial risks and opportunities for the company, including regulatory compliance and capital structure decisions.
• Budget Management : Direct the preparation of all financial reports, including income statements, balance sheets, reports for shareholders, and tax returns.
• Investor Relations : Engage with investors to provide updates and insights into the company’s financial status and future prospects.
• Strategic Planning : Work closely with other senior executives to collaboratively develop the company’s overall strategy from a financial perspective.
• Educational Background : A PhD in Economics or a related field is highly valued, often complemented with a CPA or MBA.
• Financial Expertise : Extensive experience in finance, accounting, budgeting, and cost control principles, including Generally Accepted Accounting Principles.
• Leadership Skills : Strong leadership abilities to manage finance teams and drive the company’s financial strategy and vision.
• Strategic Thinking : Ability to create and assess financial models and forecasting in the context of the company’s goals.
• Communication Skills : Excellent communication and interpersonal skills to effectively convey financial information to stakeholders at all levels.
• Problem Solving : Proficient in addressing complex financial issues with strategic planning and sound judgment.

CFOs play a critical role in shaping and guiding the financial future of their organizations.

With experience and a proven track record, they may advance into larger companies, take on additional executive duties, or even transition to CEO roles.

Furthermore, CFOs can leverage their expertise to serve on boards, work as financial consultants, or pursue entrepreneurial opportunities.

There you have it.

A comprehensive list of the most rewarding jobs for PhDs in Economics.

With a wide array of career paths open, there’s indeed something to suit the expertise and passion of every Economics doctoral degree holder.

So, why wait? Step forward and turn your Doctorate in Economics into a fulfilling career.

Remember, it’s NEVER too late to transform your intensive research training into a profession filled with immense opportunities.

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The Editorial Team at InterviewGuy.com is composed of certified interview coaches, seasoned HR professionals, and industry insiders. With decades of collective expertise and access to an unparalleled database of interview questions, we are dedicated to empowering job seekers. Our content meets real-time industry demands, ensuring readers receive timely, accurate, and actionable advice. We value our readers' insights and encourage feedback, corrections, and questions to maintain the highest level of accuracy and relevance.

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Questions about placement? Contact our placement officer David Autor  or placement administrator  Shannon May .

Please see 2024 Placements here

Placement history.

The department plays an active role in assisting graduate students with career placement. In a typical year, every MIT Economics PhD graduate finds a job.

Over the past six years, the department has placed a total of 130 graduates in academic, research, and government jobs. Of these, 90 graduates (69%) chose positions at academic institutions and 36 graduates (28%) chose non-academic positions. Of the 90 academic placements, 35 (39%) were at top-15 US economics departments or top-10 US business schools. The tables below break out these proportions for each cohort and highlight some of our top placements.

All placements, 2018-2023

Placements to top economics departments and business schools, 2018-2023

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Best Online Doctorates in Economics: Top PhD Programs, Career Paths, and Salary

The best online PhD in Economics offers a broad, comprehensive knowledge of how economics affects the global landscape. An online program at the doctoral level in economics provides graduates with the advanced analytical and critical thinking skills they need to build successful careers in banking, government, politics, healthcare, insurance, and non-profit sectors.

If you are looking to get an online PhD in Economics, then this article is for you. This guide contains a list of the best schools you can earn your economics PhD online, their admission requirements and tuition, as well as the economics jobs you’ll qualify for after graduating from business school.

Find your bootcamp match

Can you get a phd in economics online.

Yes, you can get a PhD in Economics online. Online degree programs offer students the opportunity to earn an economics doctoral degree without the inconvenience of taking physical classes on the university campus. Online graduate programs are a great choice for students who are restricted by geographical location or who prefer to take online classes.

Is an Online PhD Respected?

Yes, an online PhD is respected. They have the same coursework, curriculum, and degree requirements as in-person degrees. A survey by the Society for Human Resources Management on hiring practices and attitudes reported that 55 percent of organizations would not give preference to a candidate with an in-person degree over one with an online degree if both had the same job experience.

That being said, students need to ensure that they get their online degrees from an accredited online school . Accreditation demonstrates that a school meets the minimum acceptable academic standards set by an external accreditation body to be able to offer academic degrees. Checking a school’s accreditation status before beginning the application process is recommended.

What Is the Best Online PhD Program in Economics?

The best online PhD program in economics is the PhD in Public Policy – Economic Policy offered by Liberty University. Out of all the online doctoral degree programs on our list, Liberty University’s PhD in Public Policy – Economic Policy’s high-quality curriculum and faculty stand out among the others.

Why Liberty University Has the Best Online PhD Program in Economics

Liberty University has the best online economics PhD program because of its well-rounded curriculum, giving students a comprehensive understanding of national and global public and economic policies. Students take classes taught by industry leaders and experienced policymakers and take high-level courses in public and economic theory and policy, policy analysis, and research design.

Best Online Master’s Degrees

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Online PhD in Economics Admission Requirements

The typical admission requirements for an online PhD in Economics are a Master’s Degree in Economics or in a related field from an accredited institution with a minimum cumulative GPA of 3.0 on a 4.0 scale. Other common requirements include recommendation letters, an interview, your resume, a statement of purpose or personal statement, and professional work experience.

While the specific requirements will differ from one school to the next, prospective students are always required to submit their unofficial or official transcripts of all of their undergraduate and graduate coursework. Although some schools have waived this due to the pandemic, many require students to submit GMAT or GRE test scores as part of the application process.

• A Master’s Degree in Economics or in a related field from an accredited institution
• A minimum cumulative GPA of 3.0 on a 4.0 scale
• Three letters of recommendation
• A copy of your resume
• A statement of purpose or personal statement
• Professional work experience
• Your GMAT or GRE test scores
• An online interview

Best Online PhDs in Economics: Top Degree Program Details

Best Online PhDs in Economics: Top University Programs to Get a PhD in Economics Online

The top university programs to get a PhD in Economics online are able to let students benefit from experiencing diverse cultures and learning from a high-quality curriculum with many research opportunities without having to relocate. It is a great option for students who want to balance school with work, family, or other personal commitments. Here are the best online PhDs in Economics.

California Baptist University was founded in 1950 and is located in the city of Riverside in Southern California. This private, Christian university offers a wide variety of bachelor’s, master’s, doctoral and associate degrees , as well as certificate programs in an in-person and online format.

Doctor of Business Administration

The online Doctor of Business Administration at California Baptist University is a 56-credit-hour doctorate program that equips students with the specialized skills and insights needed to achieve their career goals. Students will gain the tools and theoretical foundation to carry out research and develop actionable plans with the goal of solving complex business problems.

Doctor of Business Administration Overview

• Accreditation: Western Association of Schools and Colleges Senior College and University Commission
• Program Length: 3 years
• Acceptance Rate: N/A
• Tuition and Fees: $795/credit 

Doctor of Business Administration Admission Requirements

• A Master’s Degree in Business Administration from an accredited institution
• A copy of your resume with your work experience and education, and your leadership, professional and scholarly activities
• Meeting the professional guidelines set by the Accreditation Council for Business Schools and Programs (ACBSP)
• Your official transcripts

Hampton University , founded in 1861, is a dynamic institution of higher learning offering a wide range of technical, liberal, and arts degree programs at all education levels. Its 97 degree programs can be found in different fields of study, including business, engineering and technology, nursing, pharmacy, science, and liberal arts.

Doctor of Philosophy in Business Administration

This is a 60-credit-hour program for students aspiring to become consultants, researchers, and academicians in leadership roles in the industry. It is a hybrid program with two compulsory four-week summer residencies. Students take core courses in managerial economics, quantitative business analysis, and accounting.

Doctor of Philosophy in Business Administration Overview

• Accreditation: Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges
• Tuition and Fees: $695/credit 

Doctor of Philosophy in Business Administration Admission Requirements

• A master’s degree from an accredited institution. Prerequisite courses may have to be taken depending on the master’s degree held
• A copy of your resume with at least three years of work experience relevant to the field of study
• A GMAT score of at least 400
• A written Statement of Career Plans or Professional Plans
• Your official transcripts 

Liberty University was founded in 1971 in Lynchburg, Virginia and is a private, Christian college offering world-class education. It has a total enrollment of over 100,000 students across its over 700 programs at all educational levels, including doctoral programs. The majority of its students are enrolled in online courses, making it one of the largest distance learning institutions in the country.

PhD in Public Policy - Economic Policy

This is a 60-credit hour program for students wanting to learn how to better serve the public interest and create actionable solutions to today’s global economic challenges. It provides the specialized knowledge that students need to land leadership job roles in government, consulting, and international organizations.

PhD in Public Policy - Economic Policy Overview

• Accreditation: Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges 
• Tuition and Fees: $595/credit 

PhD in Public Policy - Economic Policy Admission Requirements

• Complete and submit an online application form
• A master’s degree with a minimum GPA of 3.0 on a 4.0 scale
• Pay a non-refundable $50 application fee
• Submit your official undergraduate and graduate transcripts

Marymount University is a private catholic university founded in 1950. Ranked 38th among the best southern regional universities by US News & World Report, it has over 4,000 students enrolled in its wide range of bachelor’s, master’s, and doctoral degree programs. Marymount combines theory with experiential learning to provide its students with valuable education, leading them to gratifying careers.

Online Doctor of Business Administration in Business Intelligence

Offered by Marymount’s College of Business, Innovation, Leadership, and Technology, this 36-credit program introduces students to real-world business intelligence tools currently used by professionals in leadership positions. Students develop analytical, higher-order thinking, and research skills and work on a doctoral research project that attempts to solve real-world issues.

Online Doctor of Business Administration in Business Intelligence Overview

• Accreditation: Southern Associations of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges 
• Tuition and Fees: $1,140/credit 

Online Doctor of Business Administration in Business Intelligence Admission Requirements

• A completed online application
• A master’s degree in a business or IT related field
• Five to 10 years of work experience
• A minimum GPA of 3.5
• A statement of research background and interest
• A writing sample

Founded in 1947 and headquartered in College Park, Maryland, the University of Maryland - Global Campus (UMGC) is the online division of the University System of Maryland. UMGC first began offering online courses in the mid-1990s and is now home to a wide range of bachelor’s, master’s, and doctoral programs obtainable fully online.

PhD in Business Administration

This 48-credit program provides its students with a solid foundation in economic theory and statistical methods. Offering advanced courses in data analytics, management solutions, and research methods, this terminal degree requires the completion of a 12-credit dissertation project.

PhD in Business Administration Overview

• Accreditation: Middle States Commission on Higher Education
• Acceptance Rate: NA
• Tuition and Fees: $1,087/credit 

PhD in Business Administration Admission Requirements

• Completed the Foundation of Doctoral Studies course with a minimum B grade
• Completion of UMGC’s online admission application
• A master’s degree
• Two professional references
• A personal statement
• A writing sample (optional)
• An interview, if requested by the UMGC admission committee

Online Economics PhD Graduation Rates: How Hard Is It to Complete an Online PhD Program in Economics?

It is very hard to complete an online PhD in Economics. This can be attributed to the stress students experience, as well as lack of motivation. Those that want to pursue a PhD must be certain that they are academically and financially prepared.

How Long Does It Take to Get a PhD in Economics Online?

It takes about three years to get a PhD in Economics online. Although, it can take as long as seven or eight years, depending on the school’s curriculum, learning pace, and specialization. Over these three years, students need to complete a certain number of courses, pass written or oral exams, and research and write a dissertation on their chosen research topic.

How Hard Is an Online Doctorate in Economics?

An online Doctorate in Economics is very hard. It is a broad, multidisciplinary degree that involves the study of complex business, sociology, mathematics, and accounting topics. Students in an online Doctoral Degree in Economics take advanced courses that require strong skills in critical thinking and complex mathematical models to succeed.

The overall level of difficulty of an online PhD in Economics depends on a student’s academic foundation and their chosen program’s curriculum. Programs offered at universities with a higher reputation or higher school ranking are usually more difficult. That being said, these programs will usually better prepare you for the real world and impress potential employers.

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What Courses Are in an Online Economics PhD Program?

An online economics PhD program includes courses such as Economic History, Economics and Public Policy, Policy Analysis and Research Design, Introduction to Economic Policy Studies, and Managerial Economics. These courses will prepare you for a long and lucrative career in the industry and equip you with the skills you need.

Main Areas of Study in an Economics PhD Program

• Economic history
• Economics and public policy
• Policy analysis and research design
• Introduction to economic policy studies
• Managerial economics

How Much Does Getting an Online Economics PhD Cost?

It costs around $19,314 per year to get an online PhD in Economics, according to the National  Center for Education Statistics. However, this is a ballpark estimate. The actual amount you will spend to get an online economics PhD largely depends on whether the school is public or private. On top of tuition costs, you also need to consider fees, study material costs, and other miscellaneous expenses.

How to Pay for an Online PhD Program in Economics

You can pay for an online PhD program in economics through an upfront payment, grants and scholarships, employer tuition reimbursement, government loans, and private loans. Students in the Peace Corps, AmeriCorps, and the US Military can also benefit from tuition reduction. For example, Liberty University offers their doctoral degree for $300 per credit for members of the military, which is an almost 50 percent discount.

How to Get an Online PhD for Free

You can’t get an online PhD for free. All legitimate PhD programs charge tuition, and there are no fully funded online PhDs in Economics. That being said, students needing financial aid can inquire about available scholarships and grants offered by their school. Online PhD students can register for the Free Application for Federal Scholarship Aid.

What Is the Most Affordable Online PhD in Economics Degree Program?

The most affordable online PhD in Economics is the PhD in Public Policy – Economic Policy offered by Liberty University. At $595 per credit, this 60-credit program costs a total of $35,700 in tuition. Compared to the most expensive program on our list, which costs approximately $52,000, you could save up to $16,300.

Most Affordable Online PhD Programs in Economics: In Brief

Why You Should Get an Online PhD in Economics

You should get an online PhD in Economics because it’ll provide you with specialized knowledge of economics and equip you with the in-demand skills you’ll need to work in leadership positions across the fields of politics, history, business administration, and finance. A PhD is the highest level of education you can get and will give you a leg up over other candidates during the hiring process.

Top Reasons for Getting a PhD in Economics

• Increased job opportunities. A PhD in Economics will make you more attractive to employers looking to fill high-level leadership positions in the industry. PhD graduates have more career options than lower-level degree holders.
• Enhanced earning potential. A PhD in Economics can improve your earning potential. The US Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that PhD holders have a median weekly salary of $1,885. This is higher than the salary for master’s and bachelor’s degree graduates.
• Higher employment rate. The skills and knowledge that economics doctoral degree holders have can qualify them for a wider range of positions. In fact, the US Bureau of Labor Statistics also reports that PhD holders have a higher employment rate than all other degree holders.
• Specialized skills. Getting a PhD will provide you with advanced technical skills in your field of study as well as transferable soft skills. Both of these hard and soft skills are things you need to succeed in the highest possible career after graduation.

Best Master’s Degree Programs

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What Is the Difference Between an On-Campus Economics PhD and an Online PhD in Economics?

The difference between an on-campus economics PhD and an online PhD in Economics is each program’s cost, flexibility, interactivity with faculty and fellow students, and availability of funding. While their course content and curricula may be alike, there are a few differences between an online economics PhD and an on-campus PhD in Economics.

Online PhD vs On-Campus PhD: Key Differences

• Cost. Online doctoral programs usually cost less than on-campus degrees. Not only is the tuition itself usually lower for an online program, but you’ll also avoid needing to pay additional fees related to transportation, student accommodation, and labs or study materials.
• Flexibility. Students in on-campus programs have to be physically present at specific times and locations on the school campus to take classes, while online PhD students can take their classes from the comfort of their homes. Many online courses are also asynchronous and can be taken when convenient.
• Interactivity. Students in an on-campus PhD program enjoy physical interaction with faculty and peers, which can help with learning and motivation. On the other hand, online students have to employ virtual platforms to contact faculty at scheduled times.
• Availability of funding. There are more funding opportunities for on-campus students than students in online programs. On-campus students usually have access to fellowships, teaching assistantships, and research assistantships.

How to Get a PhD in Economics Online: A Step-by-Step Guide

To get a PhD in Economics online, you need to gain admission into an accredited university, complete your course credit requirements, pass all examinations, get your dissertation project topic approved, research your dissertation topic, and defend what you wrote during the final stage of the dissertation process. Doctorate programs take a lot of work to complete, but knowing what to expect will help you prepare.

The first step you need to take to get a PhD in Economics online is to look for schools that offer the program and that offer the specific specialization that you want to study. Afterward, you should review each program’s admissions requirement for prospective students. Once you’ve gathered your application materials, you’re ready to apply to your desired doctorate degree programs.

All doctoral students need to complete a certain number of online courses. Some schools also have residency requirements. While these are less common for online programs, residencies do require in-person attendance. Make sure to review the delivery format of each of the doctoral programs you’re interested in before enrolling.

During your PhD program, you will have to pass certain examinations. These examinations are used by the faculty at graduate schools to track and gauge your progress and understanding of the course material. You won’t be able to graduate without passing your examinations.

As you complete your classes, you will also need to pick a dissertation topic and get it approved by the faculty. Your dissertation is a long-term research project that you must complete along the course of your PhD program. Make sure to pick a topic you’re interested in as it’ll make the research process much more enjoyable.

After getting your topic approved, you will be able to start your research, which you will work on either at the same time as or after your course requirements. You will be asked to demonstrate your progress to your dissertation supervisor many times during your studies. It’s typical for 12 of your required credits to be dedicated to your dissertation.

As you research your dissertation project, you will need to write a paper on your findings under the guidance, support, and supervision of your program’s faculty. Once you’ve completed your research and finished writing your paper, you will need to explain and defend your findings to your program’s faculty. Once you pass, you will be able to get your PhD.

Online PhD in Economics Salary and Job Outlook

Online economics PhD graduates can earn between $77,427 and $153,460 per year, depending on their job title, location, employer, and experience. An online PhD in Economics will provide you with the skillset needed to land high-paying roles in different sectors, including academia, business, finance, government, and politics.

What Can You Do With an Online Doctorate in Economics?

With an online Doctorate in Economics, you can become an economic consultant, postsecondary professor of economics, economist, financial manager, and financial analyst. Some of these roles are high-paying senior-level positions requiring applicants to hold a PhD.

Best Jobs with a PhD in Economics

• Economic Consultant
• Postsecondary Professor of Economics
• Financial Analyst
• Financial Manager

Potential Careers With an Economics Degree

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What Is the Average Salary for an Online PhD Holder in Economics?

The average salary for a PhD holder in Economics is $110,000 per year , according to PayScale. PhD graduates can qualify for a wide range of high-paying positions across many industries. Keep in mind that your actual annual salary can vary depending on factors such as location, years of experience, industry, and position.

Highest-Paying Economics Jobs for PhD Grads

Best Economics Jobs for Online PhD Holders

Knowing the best economics jobs for online PhD holders will help you decide whether or not it’s worth it for you to embark on the long journey of earning your PhD. In this section, we’ve  put together a list of the best economics jobs for online PhD holders, a description of what they do, their job outlook, the number of jobs, and the highest-paying states.

Financial managers coordinate banking, accounting, insurance, security, and other financial operations in an organization. Financial management includes ensuring good financial health, monitoring cash flow, managing an organization’s expenses, analyzing profitability, and providing accurate financial information.

• Salary with an Economics PhD: $131,710
• Job Outlook: 17% job growth from 2020 to 2030
• Number of Jobs: 681,070
• Highest-Paying States: New York, Delaware, New Jersey, Colorado, District of Columbia

Economists collect and analyze data to study the relationship between economic resources and the production and distribution of goods and services. They conduct surveys and review economic problems to find actionable solutions. They also advise businesses and organizations on economic issues.

• Salary with an Economics PhD: $105,630
• Job Outlook: 13% job growth from 2020 to 2030
• Number of Jobs: 18,600
• Highest-Paying States: New York, District of Columbia, California, New Hampshire, Illinois

Professors of economics teach in economics departments at a university. They prepare and deliver lectures, examinations, and curricula for undergraduate and graduate economics students. They also conduct research and publish their findings to contribute to the field of economics.

• Salary with an Economics PhD: $96,198
• Job Outlook: 12% growth from 2020 to 2030
• Number of Jobs: 1,276,900
• Highest-Paying States: New Hampshire, Montana, California, Indiana, District of Columbia

Financial analysts study current and past financial data and economic trends to gain a better understanding of a company’s financial health. They advise the organization on the best investments to make to help them maximize profits according to the data they’ve studied.

• Salary with an Economics PhD: $81,410
• Job Outlook: 6% job growth from 2020 to 2030
• Number of Jobs: 492,100
• Highest-Paying States: New York, Alaska, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Wyoming

Economic consultants develop plans to improve the policies and operations of the company they work for to increase their economic gains. They conduct surveys and create forecasts to discover economic trends to improve the company’s practices. They also work in the production, budgeting, and accounting department to optimize quality control practices.

• Salary with an Economics PhD: $77,427

Is It Worth It to Do a PhD in Economics Online?

Yes, it is worth it to do a PhD in Economics online because it allows you to get advanced education and expertise in economics from the comfort of your home while preparing you to land high-profile positions where you can make an impact on the world. Economics PhD graduates gain advanced knowledge in the theoretical foundations, methodology, and philosophy of economics.

Additional Reading About Economics

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Online PhD in Economics FAQ

Yes, you can do a PhD in Economics entirely at a distance. An increasing number of schools are beginning to offer completely online economics PhD programs for distance learners. Online degrees are respected by hiring managers as well and are considered as good as in-person degrees.

No, you can not get a PhD in Economics in one year. It usually takes a minimum of three years to complete the graduate degree requirements. This includes the credit requirements and dissertation paper.

Yes, it is possible to do a PhD in Economics without a master’s. Although the typical requirements for a PhD program include having an in-person or online Master’s Degree in Economics or relevant field from an accredited institution, some schools allow students to apply to their PhD program without one.

No, 50 is not too late to get a PhD. There is no age limit in the pursuit of higher education, and you can go back to college at 50 or at any time you want. Anyone can enroll in a PhD program regardless of age. All it takes is the willingness to learn and the determination to succeed. In fact, your work experience can help you get into a PhD program.

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Discover more about Economics at Manchester

PhD Economics / Careers

Year of entry: 2024

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Career opportunities

The department provides resources to support postgraduate researchers (PGRs) going on the job market. This includes practice interview sessions, as well as introductory talks on the European and American academic job markets. These talks are aimed towards year-5 PGRs but are open to all PGRs. 

In recent years, our PhD candidates have obtained research positions at universities, central banks and policy institutions. Visit our website to see recent placement history for our PhD students.   

The University has its own dedicated Careers Service that you would have full access to as a PGR and for two years after you graduate. At Manchester you will have access to a number of opportunities to help support you with your goals for the future.  

As a PGR, you'll have access to a dedicated Researcher Development Team who will support your professional development throughout your PhD journey and beyond. 

Our researcher development programme will enable you to become more aware of your developing researcher identity, equipping you with the skills you’ll need during your PhD and preparing you to integrate into the researcher community.  

We offer training sessions to build your skills and confidence in writing and presenting, with specific sessions on viva preparation, thesis submission, and preparing for your Review Panel. 

You'll also have access to a range of workshops, covering areas such as:

• increasing research impact through blog posts;
• making the most of social media; 
• publishing in journals;
• applying for fellowships;
• designing academic posters;
• improving time and self-management. 

In addition, our Humanities training hub gives you additional learning opportunities in public engagement, wellbeing, language training and teaching, alongside more specialist courses in tools and software such as Python, R and NVivo.  

methods@manchester is an initiative that gives you the chance to learn from the very best in research methods expertise at Manchester and beyond. Regular talks, workshops and other methods-related events are organised throughout the academic year.  

Taking a placement provides a great opportunity to engage in knowledge exchange and to develop professional networking opportunities for your future career development. 

We have established Postgraduate Researcher Exchange programmes with a small number of institutions around the world, offering you the opportunity to visit another institution, access research resources and experience another academic culture as well as build professional networks. 

Successful applicants will receive some funding towards travel expenses, accommodation, subsistence, education materials and/or other education-related costs. 

For more information visit our Research training and professional development page.

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Economics PhDs

By Roman Duda · Published June 2015

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On this page:

• Introduction
• 1 Research process
• 2 What is this career path?
• 3 Entry requirements
• 4.1 Doing high impact research
• 4.2 Advocacy potential
• 4.3 Other benefits
• 5 What are the downsides of doing an economics PhD?
• 6 Who should consider doing an economics PhD?
• 7 Next steps
• 8 Learn more
• 9 Get free, one-on-one career advice

An economics PhD is one of the most attractive graduate programs: if you get through, you have a high chance of landing an impactful research job in academia or policy. In particular, academic economics is one of the best ways of conducting and promoting global priorities research, one of our priority paths . You have back-up options in the corporate sector since the skills you learn are in-demand (unlike many PhD programs). You should especially consider an economics PhD if you want to go into research roles, are good at math (i.e. quant GRE score above 165) and have a proven interest in economics research.

• • Decent chance of entering economics academia, which has potential for highly valuable research (such as contributing to global priorities research) and the option of working on topics in related social sciences.
• • In demand by think-tanks, government departments and international organisations (e.g. IMF, World Bank).
• • Gain a broad set of tools for understanding how the social world works and evaluating causes and interventions.
• • High degree of autonomy when writing your dissertation.
• • Backup options in the corporate sector.
• • Takes a long time (5-7 years), with low pay.
• • Doing highly open-ended research provides little feedback which can be unmotivating.

Key facts on fit  

You can test your ability and interest by taking classes in economics, math and statistics either at your university or online. You don’t need an economics undergraduate degree to enter but proven math ability is required, so make sure you study quantitative subjects. See this guide to getting into an economics PhD program.

Get free, one-on-one career advice

We’ve helped hundreds of people compare between their options and introduced them to people who can help them with their career. If you’re interested in using an economics PhD to work on issues like global priorities research or artificial intelligence policy , apply for our free coaching service :

Apply for coaching

Recommended

If you are well suited to this career, it may be the best way for you to have a social impact.

Review status

Based on a shallow investigation 

Table of Contents

Research process

For this profile, we interviewed economist Robin Hanson and read the following sources. See all our research in our wiki .

What is this career path?

In this profile we focus on doing an Economics PhD in the US, which usually takes 5-7 years. 1 In the first two years you take classes and the remaining time is spent on writing a dissertation. You usually have to teach during your PhD. More detail on what you do in each phase is here . At the end, you usually apply for jobs through the centrally organised Job Openings for Economists , which is run by the American Economic Association, or you can apply for jobs independently.

Entry requirements

An economics major isn’t required but you need proven math ability and it helps to have taken mathematical economics classes.

You also need:

• A high score on the quantitative reasoning section of the GRE – 165 (90th percentile for all individuals taking the GRE) or higher for most programs. If your score is less than 160, your chances are very low. 2
• A high GPA (3.5+), especially in economics and mathematics. 3
• Excellent letters of recommendation from academics; ideally, those that are well-known.

Can you enter from a non-quantitative background? It’s possible, but difficult. You’ll need to spend one to three years retraining. See some advice on how to meet the entry requirements if you have a non-quantitative undergraduate degree .

Why should you do an economics PhD?

Doing high impact research.

Research in economics academia is a potentially very high impact option because you can work on priority cause areas, like global priorities research or AI policy . For example, to contribute to global priorities research you might work on the economics of existential risk and long-term trajectory change, while the macroeconomics, political economy and industrial organisation of AI will be important for developing informed AI policy.

Doing such research is a realistic option because Economics professors get a lot freedom to do research across a wide range of topics and disciplines. That also gives you great option value for future research. 4 You often even get a high degree of autonomy with your dissertation and aren’t forced to specialise narrowly in your advisor’s research interests, giving you freedom to pursue research topics that you most want to work on during your PhD itself (though we’ve heard that sometimes there is pressure to choose topics with higher publication and job market value).

If you do an economics PhD, you have a decent chance of getting a job as an academic: Data indicates that more than half of economics PhD’s get jobs in academia after their PhD. 5

Non-academic research

If you don’t get a job in academia, or if you don’t want to, there are other important sectors that explicitly hire economics PhD’s, including:

• Government (e.g. Federal Reserve, Treasury, Department of Justice)
• Nonprofit research organisations and think-tanks (e.g. RAND , National Bureau of Economic Research)
• International organisations (e.g. World Bank, International Monetary Fund)

The impact you can have in these jobs tends to be more direct and focused on specific issues than in academia. Many of these jobs are advertised on the Job Openings for Economists , which means you don’t have to apply for them separately from academic jobs.

Advocacy potential

Having an economics PhD also puts you in a position to build a public platform and become a public intellectual through journalism and writing books.

You can also influence policy through your research, though some claim that most of the time economists just provide arguments for people with pre-existing views. However there could be room for outsized influence if you provide policy recommendations on issues that are orthogonal to popular disputes, 6 and our guess is that in the long-run economists can change conventional wisdom about what is good policy. You might do this by engaging directly with policy or by conducting academic research on the most pressing problems in order to shift the research priorities of the economics community. Examples of organisations working on the latter are the Global Priorities Institute and the Forethought Foundation .

Other benefits

• You gain a broad set of tools for understanding how the social world works, which is helpful for evaluating causes and interventions. This may help you better evaluate your future career options to have more impact. A notable example of this in action is the founding of GiveDirectly (one of GiveWell’s top recommended charities), which was founded by economics PhD students.
• Excellent job prospects: You are nearly guaranteed a job. The unemployment rate for economics PhD’s is very low (0.8% in 2013) and data indicates that it has the lowest unemployment rate of all science and engineering PhD’s. 7 You also get the benefit of the centrally organised Job Openings for Economists , which allows you to apply to many different jobs in a short period of time and interview for them at the same time, in the same place.
• Academic salaries for economics PhD’s tend to be higher than other PhD’s. The median pay for those who gained economics PhD’s in 2013 and were in full-time employment at a university was $108,000, which is higher than all other science PhD’s. 8 Moreover, the jobs outside of academia which economics PhD’s get are higher paid than non-academic jobs other PhD’s get. 9

What are the downsides of doing an economics PhD?

• You have a relatively low income whilst doing your PhD and have to work very long hours.
• You spend 5-7 years getting exposure only to academia, making this option less good for exploration value.
• The high degree of autonomy you get means there is little external structure on your time, which can be stressful, and you get very little feedback about how well you are doing which can be demotivating.
• Many PhD economists end up in academic jobs where they spend a large portion of their time teaching, leaving less time for research. 10

Who should consider doing an economics PhD?

Commonly given advice is that you should only do an economics PhD if you:

• Are good at math and enjoy formal models in economics
• Are willing to study 50-80 hours per week (hours are particularly long in the first year)
• Love intellectual pursuits and have a strong drive to do self-directed research. 11

If you meet those conditions, then an economics PhD may be a good option for you if you want to go into economics academia or if you want to do high-level research at think-tanks or international organisations.

To get a sense of what academic research looks like, try reading published papers in major journals, such as the American Economic Review ( here is one paper ). You can then test your ability and interest by taking classes in economics, math and statistics either at your university or online.

If you are interested in global priorities research, read our problem profile on the topic, and the research agenda of the Global Priorities Institute.

There are many guides online to getting into an economics PhD. We recommend that you start by reading this one , and then read a few of the others . If you’re applying from a non-quantitative background, see these tips by one of our users.

• Ideas for research questions in economics
• Noah Smith – If you get a PhD, get an economics PhD
• All our articles on Economics PhD’s
• Publishing and Promotion in Economics: The Tyranny of the Top Five by James J. Heckman and Sidharth Moktan
• Podcast: Dr Eva Vivalt’s research suggests social science findings don’t generalize. So evidence-based development – what is it good for?
• Podcast: David Roodman on incarceration, geomagnetic storms, & becoming a world-class researcher
• Podcast: Rachel Glennerster on how “market shaping” could help solve climate change, pandemics, and other global problems
• Podcast: Prof Yew-Kwang Ng is a visionary economist who anticipated many key ideas in effective altruism decades ago. Here’s his take on ethics and how to create a much happier world.
• Podcast: Mushtaq Khan on using institutional economics to predict effective government reforms
• Podcast: Economist Bryan Caplan on whether lazy parenting is OK, what really helps workers, and betting on beliefs

Notes and references

• See our wiki. ↩
• GRE Guide Table 1a and A Guide for UCSB Undergraduates Considering a PhD in Economics ↩
• “An overall GPA of at least 3.5 is a prerequisite. It is not uncommon to see an almost perfect GPA among top candidates.” Tips on Applying to Top Graduate Programs in Economics ↩
• “What other profession gives you so much freedom to choose your research topics? Many economists now devote their careers to studying topics which an outsider would classify as political science, psychology, or sociology. Some economists even do work that basically amounts to history or philosophy, though they probably need to work on more conventional topics until they get tenure.” Bryan Caplan – Is the Econ Ph.D. a Free Lunch? ↩
• “Among the successful job seekers, 62.8 percent found employment in academic institutions as compared to 61.0 percent in the 2013-14 year.” Center for Business and Economic Research, University of Arkansas. SURVEY OF THE LABOR MARKET FOR NEW PH.D. HIRES IN ECONOMICS 2015-2016 See also National Science Foundation. TABLE 61. Statistical profile of postgraduation plans of doctorate recipients in social sciences fields, by sex and field of study: 2013 ↩
• “Economists rarely influence policy as advisors for people who haven’t made up their minds and want advice. Instead, people who favor a certain position generally seek policy advisors who they will expect will provide arguments favoring their position. So economists, and other policy advisors, often have influence mainly by providing ammunition for advocates of the views they support. There is more room for influence if you provide policy recommendations that are orthogonal to popular disputes.” The value of economics PhDs: A conversation with Robin Hanson ↩
• National Science Foundation. Table 4-1. Unemployment rate among doctoral scientists and engineers, by field of doctorate: 2013 ↩
• National Science Foundation. Table 54. Median annual salaries of full-time employed doctoral scientists and engineers, by field of doctorate and sector of employment: 2013 ↩
• In 2013 Economics PhD’s had the highest median starting salaries of all science doctorates in government ($137,000), nonprofits ($135,000), and for-profit private companies ($148,000). National Science Foundation. Table 54. Median annual salaries of full-time employed doctoral scientists and engineers, by field of doctorate and sector of employment: 2013 ↩
• “…many econ PhDs teach college level courses while conducting very little research.” A Guide for UCSB Undergraduates Considering a PhD in Economics ↩
• A Guide for UCSB Undergraduates Considering a PhD in Economics ↩

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PhD scholarship in “Quantitative Analysis of Impact Investing and Social Entrepreneurship Scaling”

Job descriptionThe PhD project is part of a network of 15 doctoral theses that all contribute to the overall goal of understanding social entrepreneurship (SE) scaling. This particular PhD thesis i...

Three 2-year Postdoctoral Fellowships at the Zukunftskolleg

(Fulltime, E 13 TV-L)Reference No: 2024/114. The preferred start date is April 1st, 2025. Conditionally on the submission of an external grant, the position can be extended for an additional year. In principle, the position can be divided into two...

EngD position on Supply Chain Security

Job descriptionPolicy makers around the world, especially in Europe, are increasingly focused on enhancing the resilience and security of their critical infrastructures, given the increasing cyber ...

PhD in 3 years: 11 Doctoral Researchers in Digital Waters research area

The University of Oulu is a multidisciplinary, international research university, with about 3,600 employees who produce new knowledge based on high-standards research and provide research based ed...

PhD on cooperative enterprises

The Centre of Expertise for Cooperative Entrepreneurship (KCO) is embedded in the Department of Work & Organisation Studies within the Faculty of Economics and Business Studies - Leuven Campus. We ...

PhD Position in Nonprofit Management

Within a Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) supported project, the Center for Philanthropy Studies (CEPS) of the University of Basel is searching for a PhD Student. The CEPS is directed by Pr...

Project Manager/PHD Position in Production Management

We specialize in facilitating the digital evolution of businesses towards Industry 4.0 and fostering data-driven circular economies. Our expertise lies in crafting IT ecosystems that streamline and enhance sustainability across all facets of opera...

Doctoral researcher (PhD) in Operations Research

The Centre for Logistics and Supply Chain Management (LCL), which is a part of the Department of Economics and Management of the Faculty of Law, Economics and Finance of the University of Luxembour...

PhD Fellow Governance of Crisis of Cyber Security

The Institute of Security and Global Affairs (ISGA) of the Faculty of Governance and Global Affairs is looking for a PhD fellow in its research groups Governance of Crisis and Governance of Cyber Security.The PhD fellow will develop a research pro...

Doctoral Positions in Management in various areas of specialisation, with five-year funding for all admitted PhD candidates

INSEAD, one of the world's leading and most diverse business schools, is renowned for its commitment to producing leaders who positively impact society. With campuses in Europe, Asia, and the Middle East, INSEAD offers its students an unparalleled...

Junior researcher (doctoral student) in purchasing and supply management

LUT Business School is looking for a junior researcher (doctoral student) in purchasing and supply management to strengthen its supply management team. We are seeking a curious mind who is interested in purchasing, supply management or supply netw...

PhD fellowships in Communication and Leadership

Kristiania University College is offering up to five fully funded PhD fellowships in Communication and Leadership for a fixed-term period of three (3) years beginning in August 2025. During this time, the successful applicant will be employed at K...

Assistant department of Marketing, Innovation and Organisation (27492)

    →   Apply until 27/08/2024 (DD/MM/YYYY) 23:59 (Brussels time)    →   Faculty of Economics and Business Administration    →   Department EB23 - Department of Marketing, Innovation and Organisation    →   AAP temporary appointment - 100%    →   ...

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Ph.D Economics Jobs, Scope, Salary in India

PhD Economics jobs for graduates are available at a variety of job-related consultancies, both public and private. These are some of the fields to which students can apply for jobs after PhD in Economics are coaching centers, economics consultancies, economics departments, home tuitions, museums, private tuitions, publishing houses, research and development agencies, and schools. Jobs for Economics PhD holders include Auditor, Stock Broker, Media Analyst, Actuarial, Lecturer or Professor, Banker, Economists, Geographer, Econometricians, Public Relations Officer, and Industrial Organization Economists. 

Career Prospects and Job Scope for PhD Economics Course 

The PhD in Economics course can prepare students for jobs after PhD in Economics in a variety of research and development agencies and schools. Research and development jobs in the field of Economics in India have a vast scope and are expected to increase rapidly. Graduates of the PhD Economics program acquire skills and qualifications that can be applied to their careers as economic scientists.

Following completion of a Doctorate of Philosophy in Economics program in India, students may choose from a variety of specializations, depending on their interests and abilities. PhD in Economics scope and salary in India vary depending on the education and experience of the students. A wide variety of career paths is available to graduates of the PhD program in Economics.Career after PhD in Economics are as follows: 

• Political Scientists
• Financial Consultant
• Senior Research Scientist
• Assistant Professor
• Head of the Educational Department
• Senior Economist
• Senior Market Analyst
• Director of Research and Development

Areas of Recruitment for PhD Economics Course 

There are many jobs after PhD in Economics that are available in both the public and private sectors. Graduates’ education and experience determine the scope of PhD in Economics and salary. The options available to students who are pursuing a PhD Economics degree are many. 

Advances in economics consultancies have increased the scope after completing a PhD Economics course in recent years. The student will gain a great deal of consultancy experience and knowledge, which will help him or her gain a competitive salary. The following are some areas in which PhD in Economics are recruited: 

• Coaching Centres
• Economics Consultancies
• Economics Department
• Home Tuitions
• Private Tuitions
• Publishing Houses
• Research and Development Agencies
• Applied Economics
• Econometrics
• Business Economics
• Banking and Finance
• Insurance Investment
• Manufacturing
• Advertising
• Communication
• Education and Research
• System Analysis

Salary Packages for PhD Economics Course 

According to PayScale, PhD in Economics salary in India is INR 3-10 LPA. PhD Economics jobs salary is determined by education and experience. Graduates of the PhD Economics salary in India moderate compared to students with experience.

The following are the PhD Economics starting salaries in India with job designations: 

Source: PayScale

Government Jobs for PhD Economics Graduates

PhD graduates in Economics can choose from a wide variety of government jobs. Government jobs after PhD in Economics are bankers, Economists, geographers, Econometricians, Public Relations Officer, Industrial Organization Economists, Political Scientists, Consultants, Financial Consultants in economic consultancies, publishing houses, or PSUs.

PhD Economics graduates typically undergo a test followed by an interview when applying for government jobs. The PhD in Economics salary in India is around INR 2-10 LPA (Source: Ambitionbox). Below is a list of government jobs after PhD in Economics salary:

Source: AmbitionBox

Private Jobs for PhD Economics Graduates 

Doctoral graduates in Economics can find employment in a variety of fields in the private sector. PhD in Economics jobs in India include Auditor, Stock Broker, Media Analyst, Actuarial, Lecturer or Professor, Banker, Economists, Geographer, Econometricians, Public Relations Officer, Industrial Organization Economists, Political Scientists, Consultant, Financial Consultant, Advisor, and Accountant.

After they have completed the course, students can continue their studies or begin careers. PhD in Economics salary in India ranges from INR 2-5 LPA (Source: PayScale). PhD in Economics salary and jobs for freshers in India are as follows:

Job Opportunities Abroad for PhD Economics Graduates 

Students with a PhD in Economics can find employment abroad. The PhD Economics jobs salary is of interest to many students because they will learn numerous methods and techniques that can be applied to the Economics field abroad. Many graduates of top economic agencies are given the opportunity to work abroad. Graduating students working in the private sector will gain valuable experience and skills that will help advance their careers abroad.

PhD Economics graduates can obtain jobs abroad as Auditor, Stock Broker, Media Analyst, Actuarial, Lecturer or Professor, Banker, Economists, Geographer, Econometricians, Public Relations Officer, Industrial Organization Economists, Political Scientists, Consultant, Financial Consultant, Advisor, and Accountant.

Top Companies 

Graduates of PhD Economics programs are hired by the following top companies: 

• Future Group
• Goldman Sachs
• Grasim Honda Two Wheelers
• LTLT Engineering and Construction
• Mahindra Engineering
• Reliance Industries Limited

Best Countries 

Here are some of the best countries that hire PhD Economics graduates: 

• Netherlands
• Switzerland

Various Career Designations Abroad for PhD Economics Graduates 

Graduates of PhD Economics programs can find the following positions abroad: 

• Stock Broker
• Media Analyst
• Lecturer or Professor
• Econometricians
• Public Relations Officer
• Industrial Organization Economists

Best PhD Economics Graduates 

Graduates of PhD programs in Economics have a wide range of career options. Political scientists interested in careers in the field will find the PhD course valuable. Students enrolled in doctorate PhD courses in Economics have increased in the past several years, while students enrolled in courses related to economics have decreased. PhD graduates in Economics in India are usually employed by economic consultancies or research institutes. The following is a list of some of the best graduates of PhD Economics programs: 

• Abhijit Banerjee
• Amartya Sen
• Amiya Kumar Bagchi
• Ardeshir Darabshaw Shroff
• Arvind Panagariya
• Avinash Dixit
• Bibek Debroy
• C. Kumarappa

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