essay on holy prophet for class 6

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Essay on The Life of Holy Prophet Hazrat Muhammad (PBUH) | My Hero

Essay on the life of hazrat muhammad (صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم), my hero in history.

In this post, you will find an Essay on the Life of Holy Prophet Hazrat Muhammad (PBUH), My Hero in History. You can write the same essay under the title, Essay on the Holy Prophet (PBUH) or Essay on the Life of Hazrat Muhammad (PBUH). This is a simple and easy essay for the students of Class 10 and Class 12. Students of 2nd Year of F.A, FSC, ICS and Icom can get benefit from this essay. Life of Hazrat Muhammad (PBUH) is a role model for every Muslim. In this essay, we will discuss the whole life of Hazrat Muhammad (صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم) in short words. You can practice this essay as a course of your studies. If you are looking for more essays, you can visit English Essays Category .

Essay on The Holy Prophet, Hazrat Muhammad (صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم)

Our Holy Prophet (peace be upon him) was born in Makkah in the famous tribe of Quraish. His father, Abdullah died before his birth. So his mother, Amna Bibi looked after him. But she also died when he was only six years old. New, his grandfather, Abdul Muttalib took charge of him, but he did not live long. Finally, his uncle, Abu Talib looked after him and never left him alone in any hardship.

Our Holy Prophet (Peace Be Upon Him) married Khadija, a wealthy lady of Makkah when he was twenty-five years old. Hazrat Khadija handed over all her wealth to our Holy Prophet (peace be upon him) to spend for good and noble purposes. He helped the poor and needy. When our Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H) reached the age of forty he was commanded by Allah, the Almighty to preach Islam. Our Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H) started preaching that there is no God but Allah who is the creator of the universe and to whom all human beings would return.

The people of Makkah accepted Islam very slowly. In the beginning, only a few people accepted the new religion. The Makkans indeed became the sworn enemy of the Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H) and his follower. They created all sort of troubles for the Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H) but he stood firm. At last, they planned to kill the Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H) and he was compelled to leave for Medina where he was accorded a warm welcome by his followers. But the infidels did not allow him to live even there in peace. They fought several battles in order to wipe out the followers of Islam. However, Allah granted strength to our Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H) to defeat them and come out successful in his mission.

After ten years stay in Medinah, the Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H) came back to Makkah with ten thousand of his followers and conquered Makkah. On the day of his conquest, he could severely punish those who caused so much trouble and planned to kill him, but he excused everybody. After that, the new religion prospered by leaps and bounds.

Our Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H) returned to his Creator at the age of sixty-three. He left for his followers the Holy Quran and the Sunnah. 

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The Life of the Prophet Muhammad Essay

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Muhammad was protected from a life of oppression by his uncle, who offered him work in his effective cavalcade occupational. Married to a wealthy entrepreneur in her individual precise Muhammad’s axiom immediately showed how the essential kinfolks of the Quran survived (Alalwani & Islam 2021). They stayed egotistical, thoughtless, and selfish, understood solitary in resources, and acquired no accountability for persons freestanding their instantaneous, exclusive disk. Muhammad’s aphorism this deterioration in old-style beliefs is a danger to the actual survival of his society.

However, we must remember that the divisions of Muhammad’s lifetime were transcribed to fashionable content customs and comprised of astounding and mythological landings that strength remains misconstrued today. For instance, we partake eminent through the divisions immediate the Axial Statesmen, the Old Testament then Gospels, and such versions are not en route for been taken factually.

No god but then God, they “purpose as foretelling topos: a conservative literateness theme established in record traditions. These landing resembling the beginning accounts now the Gospels. These landings is not proposed to narrate past occasions but to clarify the anonymity of the farsighted involvement. They respond to the interrogations: What ensures it means to stay a prophet? … The aforementioned is not essential whether the divisions recounting the infantile of Muhammad or Jesus remain factual (BinTaleb & Aseery 2022). What is imperative is these sections approximately around our sovereigns: that theirs stands a righteous and everlasting inclination, recognized by God since the instant of formation”.

Muhammad stayed innate in Mecca, the time acknowledged as the Time of the Monster, in which Mecca remained unbelievably protected. Harun says that Abraham, the Abyssinian Christian monarch, criticized Mecca through a flock of elephant’s trade-in from Africa. Abraham’s goalmouth remained to terminate the Ka’ba and brand the Christian religious’ the new-fangled spiritual center of the Arab sphere (Harun et al., 2021). The horrified Quraysh had not ever understood an elephant, copious less than an entire crowd; therefore, they sprinted to the mounts to seepage, leaving the Ka’ba via no defense. Then impartial by confronted, the sky departed shadowy as a herd of fowls, all resounding a rock in its mouth, showered miserable on the conquering military, which existed enforced to withdrawal.

Numerous stories border his infantile and birth, which stayed proclaimed in an account comparable to the Christian division of Mary: Muhammad’s mommy, a widow, called Amina, one time received a voice saying to her (Harun et al., 2021).“You convey now your womb the peer of the realm of this individuals, and once he is instinctive, say: ‘I home him underneath the safeguard of the One, since the wicked of each jealous person,’ then and their designation him Muhammad.”

Now Muhammad, the Ecosphere Changer, Muhammad Jebara, the historian then researcher of Semitic tongues, delivers a changed story of Muhammad’s lifespan and initial ages discarded from widespread exploration into creative foundations. Retain in cognizance that, in mutual with different Semitic dialects, Arabic arguments are frequently fabricated starting three or four communication origins, every source providing the essential connotation. Tabroni et al., (2022) discoveries designate that Muhammad’s title remained specified to him through his grandpa. That predestined ‘the archetypal one’ “so that his specimen might have triumphed in the uppermost spaces and his title would originate towards been recognized amongst the states.”

Additionally, the source H-M-D “defines somebody perpendicular on a prominent podium who validates movements to remain rivaled by observers” records (Tabroni et al., 2022). The preface M that twitches the label (Tabroni et al., 2022) “malformed the source achievement designated from approximately predetermined to approximately ageless…Muhammad pronounces a continuous public of liability, unendingly inspirational others to inspire his occurrence.”

Before the exposure, he consumed no knowledge that his intention would remain to gadget these crucial variations. He began as a negligible fraternity. Hashim and academics point to the view that in communal through other clairvoyants earlier than him. He primarily required nonentity to fix through what was fashionable and remained exceptionally distressed (Alalwani & Islam 2021). “Mohammad’s power devises disappeared through his proposal towards ending it all, and then antiquity would have curved out fairly differently.”

Alalwani, R. T., & Islam, A. (2021). New paradigm in addressing islamophobia: An analytical study based on the life of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). Intellectual Discourse, 29 (1), 71-88. Web.

BinTaleb, A., & Aseery, A. (2022). What can the Prophet Muhammad teach us about pandemics? Journal of Religious & Theological Information, 21 (1-2), 82-94. Web.

Harun, D. R., Rasyid, A. D., Lubis, A., Mohd, M. A. W. F. B., & Rasyid, B. D. (2021). The writing of Hadith in the era of Prophet Muhammad: A critique on Harun Nasution’s thought. Al-Jami’ah: Journal of Islamic Studies, 59 (1), 191-220.

Tabroni, I., Putra, D. D., & Adawiah, N. (2022). Forming character with morals Prophet Muhammad saw. East Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 1 (1), 41-48. Web.

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Prophet Muhammed (PBUH) Lesson Summary Notes and Explanation in English Class 6th

Back to: Jammu and Kashmir Board Class 6th English Guide and Notes

Table of Contents

Introduction

Ahmed, Kamal, Solomon, Shabnam – children who are listening to a bedtime story

Abu Talib – Muhammad’s uncle

Prophet Muhammad’s Birth and Childhood

Muhammad was born to Aamina and Abdullah. Abdullah had died before Muhammad was born, so his grandfather, Abdul Mutalib, looked after him. His mother died when he was six years old. When he was eight, his grandfather also died. He left his grandson in the custody of his elder son, Abu Talib.

His Marriage

Muhammad also became a trader. He went to different places and always earned a good profit. Everyone appreciated his honesty, truthfulness and straightforwardness. A rich widow, Khadija (RA), sent him with her merchandise to Syria with her servant. On their way, the caravan stopped near a church. There, a priest said that Muhammad was going to be the last Prophet mentioned in the Bible. Khadija’s servant praised Muhammad’s honest dealings after they returned. Because of his honesty, truthfulness and good dealing, Muhammad came to be known as ‘Ameen’ (the custodian).

Later Years and Islam

Muhammad was scared and went home. He told the incident to his wife who took him to her nephew, Warqa, who was a Christian scholar. Warqa told him that he was going to be the last prophet and the angel he had seen was none other than Gabriel (AS). What the angel had asked him to read were the first verses of the holy Qur’an, the last book of Allah.

The pagans of Makkah did not allow him and his companions to live in peace in Madinah and forced battles on them. Muhammad emerged victorious against all the odds. He established a very strong Islamic state whose headquarters were in Madinah. He passed away at the age of 63 in Madinah. Millions of Muslims visit his resting place every year, especially during Hajj. Nany finishes the story with this and then wishes the children good night and asks them to go to sleep.

Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) – Summary and Question Answers Class 6th Tulips English

Table of Contents

Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) Class 6th JK BOSE

Introduc tion : This chapter throws light on the life of the most venerated religious, social and political leader who is also the last prophet and founder of Islam, Prophet Muhammad (Peace Be Upon Him). Prophet Muhammad was born into the most powerful tribe in Mecca, the Quraish, around 570 A.D. Muhammad was the founder of Islam and the proclaimer of the Qurʾān, Islam’s sacred scripture. 1 He spent his entire life in what is now the country of Saudi Arabia, from his birth about 570 A.D. in Mecca to his death in 632 in Medina. According to Islamic tradition, the Qurʾān, understood as a literal transcription of the speech of God (Allah), was revealed to Muhammad in stages by the archangel Gabriel, beginning in 610.

Summary of The Lesson

Ahmed, Kamal, Soloman and Shabnam are siblings who are sitting around their grandmother (Nany) at bedtime to listen to a story. Grandmother has promised them that she would tell a true story, the story of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH).

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Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) was born in the city of Makkah, Saudi Arabia in the year 571 AD into a noble family of Quraish tribe. It was a time when Arab buried their daughters alive because they considered girls inferior to boys; they were indulged in all types of evil deeds. It was during this time that Muhammad (PBUH) was born from Amina who was married to Abdullah. Abdullah had died before the Prophet (PBUH) was born. His grandfather, Abdul Mutalib, took care of him and as per the tradition of Arab placed the Prophet (PBUH) in the custody of a woman, Halima who brought him up for four years and suckled him. Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) was only six years old when his mother also died. His grandfather took care of him till he was eight years old. After his grandfather’s death, the custody of the Prophet (PBUH) was taken by Abu Talib, his elder uncle. By the age of twelve his uncle took him on his trade journey to Syria. During the journey, he met a Christian monk who advised Abu Talib to take Muhammad (PBUH) back to Makkah because he had seen in Muhammad (PBUH) all the characteristics of the last prophet that the Bible talks about.

Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) now began to openly preach Islam and invited people to Islam due to which many Arabs became his arch enemies and forced him to leave his birth place Makkah and migrate (Hijrat) to Yathrib (Madinah), popularly known as hijrat (migration). The pagans forced many wars on them but the Prophet (PBUH) emerged victorious against all odds. He established a strong Islamic state with its headquarters in Madinah. The Prophet (PBUH) passed away at the age of 63 in Madinah.

Questions and Answers

Q2. Who was Halima? Why did she bring up Mohammad (PBUH)?

Ans. Arabs killed their daughters mercilessly because they considered daughters inferior to boys. Nobody wanted girls to be born to them. Whenever a daughter was born, the father would take her away, dig a pit and bury her alive.

Ans. Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) was eight years old when His (PBUH) grandfather died. His (PBUH) uncle, Abu Talib looked after Him (PBUH).

Ans. The monk advised Abu Talib not to continue the journey of Prophet (PBUH), instead to take Him (PBUH) back to Makkah.

Ans. Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) proved as an honest, truthful, and good dealing trader. Due to this, He (PBUH) came to know as ‘Ameen’ (the custodian).

Ans. Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) saw the Angel in Hira Cave. He asked Him (PBUH) to read.

Q14. Did people readily accept what Mohammad (PBUH) told them? How do you know?

II. Say whether the statements are true or false. Write T or F in the spaces.

2. Halima was Mohammad’s (PBUH) foster mother. Answer. True 3. Mohammad (PBUH) visited Syria when he was four years old. Answer.False

8. ‘Ameen’ is the title that Mohammad (PBUH) got because of his honesty. Answer. True

13. The first Islamic Government was established in Madina. Answer. True

LANGUAGE WORK

3. You should not disrespect your elders but carry out their orders. = Obey

Flower = roll

Walking = stick

Wild = life

Aeroplane, Bus, Camera, Cassette, Clock, Crescent, Cup, Cycle, Cylinder, Dog, File, Finger, Fish, Floppy, Headphone, Knife, Lips, Lock, Lorry, Medal, Motorbike, Nib, Pad, Picture, Printer, Speak, Spider, Star, Tap, Thumb, Train, Write

4. Mother’s brother’s son (cousin) : ممیرا بھائی

GRAMMAR WORK

I. Fill in the gaps with my/our/his/her/their/its:

5. They are going to see their grandmother who lives in a village.

Pajamas: A pair of pajamas

You say: Can I have your textbook, please?

d. You are planning to visit Delhi. You expect your friend, Mohan, there. You talk about this possible meeting to a friend.

You say: May I use this telephone, please?

a. ‘Are you still writing the letter?’ ‘No, I have finished it.’

f. His room looks different. He has painted it.

Mahatama Buddha

I. Write down the name of the community against the place of worship mentioned below:

Synagogue: Jews

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Discover more from smart english notes.

• Sunni & Shi’a
• Resurrection & Afterlife
• God & His Attributes
• Prophethood & Imamate
• Comparative Religion
• Spirituality
• Hadith Sciences
• Hadith Collections
• Qur’an Commentaries
• Qur’anic Sciences
• Art, Images and Calligraphy
• Prophet Muhammad
• Ahl al-Bayt
• Early Scholars
• Sunni Scholars
• Shia Scholars
• Zaydi Scholars
• Ismaili Scholars
• Other Scholars
• Politics & Current Affairs
• Fatima al-Zahra
• Early Islamic History
• Imam al-Husayn and Karbala
• Imam al-Mahdi
• Death and Dying
• Hajj (Pilgrimage)
• Zakat and Khums (Charity)
• Islamic Laws
• Hijab (Islamic Modest Dress)
• Salaat (Ritual Prayer)
• Supplications
• Miscellaneous

Chapter 1: A Brief Biography Of Prophet Muhammad

We have sent thee not except as a mercy to all the Worlds. (The Holy Qur’an, The Prophets, 21:107 ).

We have sent thee not except as a giver of glad-tidings and a warner to all the peoples. (The Holy Qur’an, Sheba, 34:28 ).

************************

Muhammad was son of Abdullah, who was son of Abdul-Muttalib, who was son of Hashim - whose ancestry reached the Prophet Ismael son of the Prophet Abraham, peace be upon them.

The Prophet Muhammad was born in the city of Mecca, in Arabia, on a Friday, the 17th day of the lunar month of Rabi-I, in the year 570 CE into a noble family whose fathers and ancestors were amongst the chiefs of the Quraysh tribe, and the Bani-Hashim clan. His Prophetic mission began on the 27th day of the month of Rajab, in the year 610 CE, when he received the first divine revelation. Then the Qur’an was revealed to the Prophet progressively according to the circumstances of the time over a period of 23 years.

The Prophet Muhammad was killed by poisoning on the 28th day of the month of Safar in the 11th year of the Hijrah 1 , 630 CE.

• His Childhood

Muhammad's father Abdullah son of Abdul-Muttalib was the best and most pious among the sons of Abdul-Muttalib and his most beloved. Abdullah died while Muhammad was still in his mother's womb. All that he left behind were five camels and a servant girl named Barakah, also known as Umm Ayman, who was Muhammad's nanny.

Abdullah was a true believer and a monotheist. After his death, Muhammad's grandfather, Abdul- Muttalib, became his guardian. Abdul-Muttalib was one of the chieftains of the tribe of Quraysh, and a believer in Allah (in the way of Prophet Abraham), as was Abu Talib, a brother of Abdullah. Abdul-Muttalib always respected and honored treaties and adopted the finest of morals. He loved the poor and helped pilgrims. He would even feed the wild beasts and the birds of the mountaintops. He would feed people in times of famine and would restrain wrongdoers.

Muhammad's mother was Aminah, daughter of Wahab son of Abd Manaf, son of Kilab. She was also a believer in Allah. When Muhammad was born his mother said: “As soon as I put my child on the ground he leaned with his hands on the ground, raised his head to the skies and looked at the horizons all the while speaking in phrases of monotheism. Then a voice called out to me saying: 'The best of mankind has been born, so name him Muhammad.'“

Then Aminah sent for Abdul-Muttalib. He came to her and she said: 'A wondrous boy has been born to your family.' Then she brought baby Muhammad to him. Abdul-Muttalib looked at him and entered the Kabah 2 and prayed to Allah. He, then left the Kabah and returning the infant to his mother and named him Muhammad. Muhammad was not even seven years old when his mother died. After his mother’s death, his grandfather Abdul-Muttalib assumed his guardianship. Because of his knowledge of the status of the child and his faith in him, Abdul-Muttalib treated Muhammad with more care and attention than his other children. A group of the Medlaj Clan came to Mecca and when they saw Muhammad they said to his grandfather: ‘Take good care of him for we have never seen another of his station.’ Abdul-Muttalib told this to Abu Talib in his will and asked him to heed what they had said and take care of him. Muhammad was eight when his grandfather died, and he was taken into the care of his uncle Abu Talib. Abu Talib, chief of the Bani-Hashim clan within the Quraysh 3 then became the guardian of Muhammad from his eighth year. Abu Talib went on to protect and serve the Messenger of Allah, defending him and honoring him throughout the testing times of his Prophethood, until the last breath of his life.

• His Adulthood

Muhammad grew up to become a fine young man. He became known for his excellent manners, and because of the honesty in his conduct and dealings he was referred to as al- Sadiq (The Truthful One) and al-Amin (The Trustworthy One).

As a youngster Muhammad used to accompany his uncle on his business trips to Syria. When the Messenger of Allah reached the age of twelve he journeyed with his uncle Abu Talib as far as Basra. A Christian monk, named George, saw him there and recognized him by his description. He took his hand and said: “This is the chief of the Worlds, God has send him as a mercy to the Worlds.”Abu Talib asked: “How do you know this?”He said: “We find him mentioned in our books.”He asked Abu Talib to take him back fearing for his safety.

As an adult, Muhammad worked as a trader between the cities of Mecca and Damascus, and earned a great reputation in the process. Having heard of the reputation of Muhammad, Lady Khadijah, one of the noblest of the Quraysh, on one occasion commissioned him to take charge of some of her trading business between the two cities.

Lady Khadijah sent one of her servants, Maysarah, along with him to keep an eye on him and report back to her. Having seen his performance in the business, and the returns he brought, as well as his honesty, Lady Khadijah put Muhammad in charge of her business.

Although she had many proposals of marriage from various dignitaries of the Quraysh, Lady Khadijah declined them all. It is reported that it was Lady Khadijah who, albeit indirectly and discreetly, made the marriage proposal to Muhammad. Some historians have reported that when they married in 595 CE they were both 25 years old.

Lady Khadijah gave birth to three children. All of the Prophet's children were from Khadijah except Ibrahim who was from Mary the Copt, who was born in Medina and lived for a year and ten months. The male children who were all born in Mecca were: al-Qasim, which is where Muhammad's epithet (Abul-Qasim; meaning Qasim's father) comes from, and Abdullah. The boys all died young during the lifetime of the Prophet.

His only daughter was Fatimah, who married Imam Ali son of Abu Talib, and bore him Imam Hasan and Imam Husayn, Zaynab and Umm Kulthum, and another son who was named Mohsin by the Prophet before his birth. Fatimah was the only one of the siblings to survive the Messenger of Allah. The Prophet Muhammad used to say Hasan and Husayn are two Imams (leaders) whether they rise up (against tyranny) or not.

Ali was born to Abu Talib and his wife Fatimah bint Asad in 600 CE. Ali's birth was associated with a particularly significant phenomenon. When Fatimah bint Asad was in labor she came to the Kabah pleading to God for help with her labor. It is reported by various narrators and recorded by many chroniclers that as she was engaged in her prayers by the southern wall of the Kabah, the wall split open and she entered the House, whereby the wall returned to its normal state.

Having observed this extraordinary phenomenon, people who were present tried to follow her into the House through the opening but did not succeed. They then tried to go inside the House through its door but could not unlock the door. Reports indicate that she was inside the House for three days, and when she left the House with her newborn she did so in the same manner as she had entered the House.

The Prophet Muhammad took particular interest in baby Ali, and he played a major role in Ali's upbringing and education. Ali would be the most ardent supporter of the Prophet throughout the difficult years of his mission to convey the divine message and the teachings of Islam to the masses.

• Start Of His Mission

The Prophet Muhammad used to spend much time in prayer and worship of the one God. This he used to do in a cave, known as Hira, in the al-Noor mountain near the city of Mecca.

In 610 CE, at the age of forty, Muhammad received the first of the divine revelations when he was engaged in devotion and prayer inside the cave of Hira:

In the name of Allah the Merciful, the Compassionate; Read in the name of thy Lord who created, Created man from a clot, Read and thy lord is the most noble, Who taught by pen, Taught man what he knew not ... ( 96:1 -5).

The Prophet Muhammad conveyed the news and the Message to Ali and Lady Khadijah. Ali and Lady Khadijah both embraced the new revelation instantly and without any hesitation.

Khadijah was thus the first woman to believe in the Messenger of Allah and the first woman to pray with him. She supported him wholeheartedly and spent all her wealth in the way of Allah. She was the first woman that the Prophet married and he married no other during her lifetime. She was immensely loyal to the Prophet. The Angel Gabriel ordered him to convey a special greeting and a blessing from God and ordered that he gave the land of Fadak to Fatimah as an appreciation for what her mother had spent in the way of Allah.

The Prophet Muhammad began to invite individuals to the new revelation, albeit in secret. There were very few supporters and believers. When the Prophet performed a congregational prayer, he was joined by were Lady Khadijah and Ali. This low-key approach continued for three years.

Afterwards, on instructions from the Almighty, the Prophet's invitation to Islam started to became more and more public. The Almighty instructed His messenger to begin with his clan:

And warn your nearest kinsmen ( 26:214 ).

For this purpose the Prophet Muhammad prepared a banquet and invited the elders and chiefs of the Bani-Hashim, who were forty in number. After they were served with a good feast, the Prophet invited them to Islam. He called upon them to support him in his mission, and promised them that whoever did so would be appointed as his successor.

Yet, none took up the offer dismissing the Prophet and his mission as nonsense, with the sole exception of Ali. Ridiculing the whole thing, the Bani Hashim chiefs turned to Abu Talib saying, “Your son will be your commander, you should obey him!”Nevertheless the mission continued unabated albeit with very few supporters.

• Resonance Of His Call

The followers of the new religion started to grow, and so did the concern of the Quraysh towards them. The elders of Quraysh send Abu Talib, the trusted uncle of the Prophet to him, asking him to stop his call for this new religion, and in return they would give him whatever he wanted. “If you want wealth, we will give you as much as you want, if you want women we will marry you the most beautiful women of Arabia, and if you want position and status we will make you the owner-king over us.”

When Abu Talib conveyed the message of the elders of Quraysh to his nephew-prophet, the Messenger of Allah replied, “I swear by the Almighty that if they put the Sun in my right hand and the Moon in my left on condition so that I desist from this affair I would not leave it until Allah causes it to prevail or I die in the process.”Then the Messenger of Allah began to weep and rose and made to leave, but Abu Talib called him and said: “Come back my nephew. Say what you like my nephew, for by Allah I will never hand you over to them ever.”

The Quraysh realized that they were dealing with a true and determined prophet. From then on, open hostility towards this new religion, its prophet, and its followers started to increase. Lady Khadijah dedicated all her wealth and resources for the cause of her prophet-husband's mission. The extent of this hostility reached blatant persecution of the followers of the new religion and its prophet.

'Neutralise The Messenger And His Message'

Then the Quraysh plotted amongst themselves about the companions of the Messenger of Allah who had entered Islam with him from amongst their tribes. Each tribe pounced upon any of its own who were Muslims, tormented them and forced them out from their religion.

Abu Talib protected the Messenger of Allah, and seeing what the Quraysh were doing to the sons of Hashim and Abdul-Muttalib, he called upon them to protect the Messenger of Allah just as he was protecting him. So they gathered with him and stood up with him, except for Abu Talib's brother Abu Lahab and his sons who had assisted the Quraysh against the Prophet.

Then the Quraysh openly decided to kill the Messenger of Allah. When this news reached Abu Talib he gathered the sons of Hashim and Abdul-Muttalib and took the Messenger of Allah to his quarter and protected him from those who sought to kill him.

The Quraysh imposed total and complete embargo against the Prophet and his followers in all its forms; social, economic, political, etc. No citizen of Mecca was allowed to buy from or sell to them, no one was allowed to marry anyone of them, or even befriend or socialize with them, not even help them. Nor would a peace settlement be accepted from them ever, nor they would be shown any mercy until they had handed over the Messenger of Allah to be killed.

The Quraysh agreed to draw up a document to this effect, and one of them wrote this document in his own hand, which subsequently was afflicted by paralysis, and then they hung the document inside the Kabah.

The Prophet and many of his followers, and members of the Hashim clan withdrew to Abu Talib and entered the Abu Talib’s Quarter known as Sheb Abu Talib, which had become their virtual open-top prison. Their condition deteriorated as time went by, and although some friends of sympathizers managed to smuggle in some help to the Muslims, but this was few and far between. There they remained in the quarter for three years until they were exhausted. The voices of the children could be heard from the quarter crying of hunger.

The Quraysh also increased the pressure on those who had entered Islam but had not entered the quarter. The trials became grave and the Muslims were severely shaken. It is reported that Ali son of Abu Talib used to secretly leave the quarter in disguise and fetch foodstuff to the besieged, carrying it into the quarter on his back.

In one of the divine revelations made to him, the Messenger of Allah informed his uncle Abu Talib that Allah had sent woodworms to their document that had eaten every word except the name of Allah. Having heard this Abu Talib said: “No! By the falling stars, you have not lied to me.”

Abu Talib set out with a group of the clan of Abdul-Muttalib until he reached the vicinity of the Kabah, which was full of the people of Quraysh. He spoke and said to them:

“Something has occurred which may be a cause for a settlement between you and us so bring out your document. They said: 'The time has come for you to accept and recant. Only one man has caused the split between you and us, and you have put your people in jeopardy because of him.'

Abu Talib said: “I propose a matter for you in which there is fairness. My nephew has told me and he has not lied to me, that Allah distances Himself from this document and has erased all your treachery and enmity and all that remains written is His name. If it is as he has said then by Allah, we will never hand him over to you until the last of us dies. If what he has said is false then we will hand him over to you so that you may kill him or spare him as you wish.'

They said: “We agree.”Then they opened the document and found it as they had been told but some of them clung to their falsehood and obstinacy and said: “This is sorcery from your companion.”Then some of those who had made the pact spoke and tore up the document.

• End Of One Torment And Start Of Others

The clan of Hashim then felt safe enough to emerge from their quarter and once more mingle with the people. This was in the tenth year of the noble prophethood, circa 620 CE.

It was less than six months after the end of this trial when Abu Talib passed away. Then the Prophet's wife Lady Khadijah also died only three days after Abu Talib according to some accounts. The Messenger of Allah was very saddened and named this year the 'Year of Sorrow'.

The loss of Abu Talib and Lady Khadijah dealt a severe blow to the Prophet at a time when he needed these two most. The death of Abu Talib cleared the last hurdle for the Quraysh, and if the presence of Abu Talib imposed certain limits and drew some red lines for the Quraysh that they could not cross, now his death left them free to do to the Prophet what was the unthinkable while Abu Talib was alive.

With the death of Abu Talib, the trials meted out by his tribe to the Messenger of Allah grew more barbaric and audacious. Once when the Prophet was praying by the Kabah, one of the idolaters approached and violently tried to strangle him.

The Quraysh encouraged the foolish to throw dirt on the Prophet's face and head. They used to throw filth, blood and thorns at his door. Ummayah ibn Khalaf used to insult the Prophet until his face became red but still the Prophet would not say anything to him. When a fool threw the dirt in the face of the Messenger of Allah, he entered his house with the dirt still on his head. Fatimah began to clean the dirt from his head. She was crying and the Messenger of Allah saying: “Do not cry my daughter, for Allah will protect your father.”He also said: “The Quraysh could not harm me until Abu Talib died.”

It is related from Khabab who said: 'I approached the Prophet when he was reclining in the shade of the Kabah. This was after we had received some harm from the Polytheists. I said to him: “O Messenger of Allah, will you not invoke Allah?”He sat up red in face and said: “Among those who came before you, there were those whose skins would be scraped off with combs of iron down to the bone and this did not divert them from their religion. Allah will complete this matter until a rider may travel from Sana to Hadralmaut with nothing to fear but the wolf getting to his sheep.'

• Migration Of The Messenger Of Allah

The Quraysh and their allies made the decision that Muhammad had to be physically eliminated in order to finish with him and his religion once and for all. However, whoever did this would have to deal with the consequences and face the wrath of the respectable Bani-Hashim clan. In order to divide the guilt between as many clans and tribes as possible, forty clans were involved in the task.

The best warrior from each clan is chosen for the task. They were instructed to storm the house of Muhammad and every single one of them was to ensure to strike Muhammad with his sword at least once. This was so that if Bani-Hashim, Muhammad's clan, were to seek revenge for his blood, they would be confronted with forty clans, and thus making it impossible for them to seek any retribution.

The Almighty instructed the Prophet Muhammad to leave for the city of Yathrib, which later became known as Medinat al-Rasul or the City of the Messenger, or Medina for short. In 622 CE, after some thirteen years of calling the people to Islam, the Messenger of Allah left Mecca for Medina.

The Prophet Muhammad asked Ali son of Abu Talib to stay behind to deal with a number of issues, and Ali volunteered to sleep in the Prophet's bed acting as a decoy. The Messenger of Allah managed to slip through those who were surrounding his house just before they stormed it. When they stormed the house to kill him they found Ali instead in the Prophet's bed with no sign of their target.

On his way out of Mecca, Abu Bakr came across the Prophet as he was leaving the city, and asked the Prophet where he was going at that time. The Prophet Muhammad could not tell him other than the truth, and thereafter the Messenger of Allah asked him to join him on his migration to Medina, in order to keep the news of this mission secret until he was out of danger.

With first daylight, the forty brave warriors set off in pursuit of the Prophet by following his track. They used an expert guide to help them track him, and the guide led the warriors to the cave of Thawr, some five miles outside Mecca, where the Prophet Muhammad and his companion were actually inside, but the pursuers did not enter the cave.

It is reported that the pursuers did not enter the cave since by the time they had arrived, through divine intervention, a spider had spun its web across the opening of the cave, and a pigeon had placed its nest near there, after the two had entered the cave. The chasers did not attempt to enter the cave on the presumption that had anyone entered the cave, the spider web and the pigeon nest would have been disturbed.

Having failed to capture the Prophet, the Quraysh announced a reward of 100 camels for anyone capturing him or giving information leading to his capture.

The Prophet Muhammad left Mecca on the eve of the first day of the lunar month of Rabi-I, and arrived on the outskirts of Medina, some 400 km north of the city of Mecca, on Monday, the 12th day of the same month.

Another task that Ali ibn Abu Talib had to do when the Prophet left Mecca was to return any goods and valuables that people had given to the Prophet for safekeeping. Many of those who were the Prophet opponents also used to give their valuables to the Prophet for safekeeping every time they went on a long journey and such like. This was because the Prophet was recognized for his trustworthiness even towards his foes. They could not trust their best friends for safekeeping of their valuables, but they trusted Muhammad al-Amin (the trustworthy one). Ali returned all the goods and valuables that were given to the Prophet for safekeeping, including those of the Prophet's foes.

After Ali had returned all the goods the Prophet Muhammad had he given him, to their rightful owners, he went to the roof of the Kabah and yelled at the top of his voice, “if anyone has any claim against Muhammad, or had entrusted him with anything that he has not got back yet, then they should come forward.”It has been reported that nobody did.

Having discharged all his tasks in Mecca, Ali set off for Yathrib together with his mother Fatimah bint Asad, Fatimah the daughter of the Prophet, and Fatimah daughter of Zubair.

• Messenger Of Allah Arrives At Medina

When the news of the Messenger's exodus from Mecca to Medina reached the Muslims in Medina, they began to go every morning to the lava fields and wait there until the heat of noon drove them back. Many days they waited until one day when they returned to their houses, it so happened that a Jewish man was looking out from his fortress when he saw the Prophet shimmering in the haze. No sooner had he sighted him than he hailed the Muslims at the top of his voice saying:

“O Muslims, here is your Master whom you await!”

The Muslims immediately rushed to meet the Messenger of Allah on the crest of the lava fields. He then kept going until they had reached Quba where he stopped with the clan of Amr ibn Awf. The Muslims hailed 'Allahu Akbar' (God is Greatest) with joy at his arrival. The Prophet stopped at Quba for three days awaiting the arrival of Ali. He did not want to enter the Medina without Ali.

The Prophet remained with the clan of Amr ibn Awf for a day or two along with Ali. During his stay in Quba he established the mosque of Quba, and thus it became the first ever mosque established in Muslim era.

And on the Friday, the Prophet entered the Quba mosque and led the Muslims in the Friday prayers and gave a sermon. And this was the first Friday sermon ever given. The Prophet prayed in the direction of Jerusalem and one hundred men prayed behind him. After performing the prayers, the Prophet mounted his camel. He headed towards Medina along with Ali, who never left his side, and the rest of Muslims.

Once in Medina, Muslim families invited the Messenger of Allah to stay with them. In order not to turn down the request of any one of them, the Prophet decided that he would stay with the family by whose house his she-camel would stop. He said: “Let her be for she is being ordered.”The camel kept on walking until she reached the door of the house of Abu Ayyub, who happened to be amongst the poorest in Medina.

Then Abu Ayyub hurried to the Prophet's baggage and took it into his house. Abu Ayyub's mother, who was blind, said: “O if only I had sight so that I could see my master the Messenger of Allah!”The Prophet Muhammad then called to Allah for her and her eyes opened. This was the first of his miracles in Medina.

It is said that when the Messenger of Allah entered Medina, it was the most joyous occasion ever witnessed by the people. One eyewitness said: “I saw the day when he entered Medina and I have never seen a brighter or better day than that day. And I saw the day he died and I have never seen a worse or darker day than the day on which he died.”

• First Muslim Community

With a significant number of those who embraced Islam migrating from Mecca to Medina, as well as the majority of the natives of Medina, it could be said that the first Muslim community began to take shape in the city, under the guidance of the Prophet.

Through his teachings, the Messenger of Allah brought about harmony and peace between the different rivalries and warring groups and tribes of the city and its surroundings. Whereas prior to his arrival, greed, enmity and wars prevailed between the inhabitants, in a short space of time the Prophet managed to sow the seeds of a peaceful cohesive order to the extent that they shared everything they had amongst themselves and with the Muslim migrants from Mecca despite their poverty.

With the city of Medina being some 400 km north of Mecca, some of the Muslims considered it to be a reasonably safe distance from the Quraysh who were mostly in Mecca. However, the Quraysh and their allies did not relent, and they forced the Muslims of Medina into a number of battles and skirmishes. These were usually unequal, especially at the early days, with the Quraysh and their allies being superior in number and armor. For example at the battle of Badr, which was one of the early clashes between the two sides, the Muslims combatants were 313 men, who had seventy camels and two horses, while their opponents were about one thousand, had seven hundred camels and one hundred horses.

Peace between the two sides was eventually brought about through the peace treaty of Hudaybiyah - signed in the eleventh month of the sixth year after Hijrah - which was highly biased in favor of the Quraysh and their allies, to the extent that some of the companions of the Prophet protested to him for agreeing and signing a treaty that was 'unfair and unacceptable'. However, subsequent events after the Hudaybiyah were pointedly in the interest of the Muslims, which in turn exonerated the Prophet's judgement and decision, and proved his wisdom and farsightedness.

• Mecca Liberated

Less than two years after the treaty of Hudaybiyah, Quraysh grew impatient with the environment of peace and security that reigned in the land. Muslim losses in the battle of Mutah in north Arabia - in today's Jordan - encouraged the Quraysh to stir up unrest in the land and break the treaty that they had signed with the Messenger of Allah at Hudaybiyah. They began to distribute weapons to their allies and urged them to attack the allies of the Muslims at night, in breach of the peace treaty they had with the Muslims.

The Messenger of Allah left Medina on a Friday in the month of Ramadan in the eighth year of the Hijrah. He took with him all the Muslim troops which numbered ten thousand and nearly four hundred horsemen. Then the Messenger of Allah proceeded until he arrived at Marr al-Dhahran, the heights of Mecca, in the evening. He ordered his companions to light more than ten thousand fires. News of his progress had been kept hidden from the Quraysh who were concerned and feared that he might attack them.

It is reported that Abu Sufyan, the Prophet's archenemy, was saying: “I have never seen such fires as last night nor such a camp.”He said: “What is the news and what are all these fires?” The narrator responded to him: “The news is that the Messenger of Allah has arrived here. He has come with a force you cannot resist; with ten thousand of the Muslims.”

Abu Sufyan said: “What is to be done?”I said: “By Allah, if he defeats you he will surely strike off your head. So ride this donkey with me so that I can take you to the Messenger of Allah and I will ask him for an amnesty for you.”So he rode behind me.

It is related that Ali ibn Abu Talib said to Abu Sufyan ibn al- Harith: “Go to the Messenger of Allah and say to him what Joseph's brothers said to Joseph:

“By Allah, Allah has preferred you over us and we have certainly been sinful. ( 12:91 ).

Then the Messenger of Allah said in answer to him and seeking to behave best to him in speech: “He said:

Let there be no reproach upon you this day. Allah will forgive you and he is the Most Merciful of those who show mercy.”( 12:92 ).

The banner of the Muslims was with Saad ibn Ibadah and when he passed by Abu Sufyan he said to him: “Today is the day of slaughter, today the women will be captured.”Abu Sufyan heard him and kept it to himself until the Messenger of Allah passed by him when he said: “Do you know what Saad ibn Ibadah has said?”The Messenger of Allah said: 'What he has said is of no consequence.' Then he sent someone to Saad and took the banner from him and passed it to Ali and said: “Enter with kindness.”

Ali took the banner and began to proclaim: “Today is the day of mercy, today honor will be protected.”Then the Messenger of Allah turned to Abu Sufyan and said to him: “O Abu Sufyan, proceed to Mecca and let them know of the sanctuary.”

When the Messenger of Allah entered Mecca, a tent was pitched for him by the grave of his uncle Abu Talib. He refused to enter his house or the houses of his companions in Mecca that had been confiscated by the Polytheists.

Then the Messenger of Allah, after having rested a little in his tent, bathed and mounted his camel and set out for the sacred mosque. The Muslims were before him and behind him and all around him and they were repeating along with the Messenger of Allah the words of Allah Almighty:

The truth has come and falsehood has perished, indeed falsehood is (by nature) perishing.”( 17:81 ).

Mecca resounded with the sound of their voices until he entered the sacred mosque and approached the black stone at the corner of the Kabah, and kissed it. Then he circled the House upon his camel and with a bow in his hand. Around the House there were some three hundred and sixty idols and he began to strike at them with his bow saying, while the idols fell upon their faces:

The truth has come and falsehood has perished, indeed falsehood is perishing… ( 17:81 ).

The truth has come and falsehood will not revive again and will not return. ( 34:4 ).

Then he raised Ali upon his shoulders so that he could bring down the rest of the idols, which were upon the Kabah. And thus a whole era of idol worshipping in Arabia was brought to an irreversible end, and Mecca was liberated. The conquest of the Capital City of the idolaters and the liberation of the holy city of Mecca at the hands of Prophet Muhammad took place without bloodshed.

The Prophet, however, never again took his birth city, Mecca, as his abode. The Prophet only stayed in the city for fifteen days to manage its affairs. He appointed Etab ibn Osayd, who was twenty-one years of age, as the city's governor when he left the city of Mecca for Medina.

• Ideal Islamic Order

From early days, the Prophet gradually established an Islamic system of governance and a way of life. In its first years, the nascent Muslim community in Medina had to contend with a number of attacks and onslaughts by the Quraysh and their allies. The Prophet used every opportunity to teach the Muslims the right code of conduct for a Muslim in times of war and peace; from personal and ethical qualities they must aspire for, to social, political and fiscal policies.

On the political front, the Prophet enjoined the community to avoid wars and violence as far as possible, and it should only be the absolute last resort, when all other avenues have been exhausted. The Prophet Muhammad went out of his way to avoid conflict and violence, and it is recorded that in the ten years that the Prophet was in Medina, despite the many battles that the Muslims were drawn into, a total of some 800 men were killed on both sides throughout the period.

The Prophet instructed his army against destroying houses or pillaging or cutting down trees bearing fruits. He ordered them not to draw out their swords except when in dire need. He used to rebuke some of his generals and physically amend for their mistakes.

Another social-political principle instilled by the Prophet Muhammad was that “Land belongs to Allah and whoever develops it” 4 . This had a very significant impact on the development of the country both socially and politically, not to mention the economic progress and revival it entailed.

Another socio-economic policy was established by the Prophet's declaration “I am responsible for them” 5 . He who died and left behind a family who would not have enough to make ends meet, then the Prophet would be responsible for them and they should go to him. On the other hand, “he who died and left a wealth behind, it was for his heirs” 6 . All the wealth was for the family the departed left behind, i.e. there was no inheritance tax in Islam.

This policy did not stop there, and it went further when the Prophet announced that if a person died and left behind a debt, then he (Muhammad, and subsequently the leader of the Islamic state in general) was responsible for repaying it 7 .

The Prophetic legislation also addressed the interest of the non-Muslims living under the Islamic state, referred to as dhimmy ; literally means “the responsibility of”(the Islamic state): “He who hurts a dhimmy , then indeed he has hurt me” 8 . Such laws, and the peaceful liberation of Mecca, encouraged many to come and live under the Islamic State, for there were guarantees of at least economic and security for them and their families, in the present and in future. People started to embrace Islam as a way of life en masse. Thus came the divine revelation:

By the name of Allah, the Compassionate, the Merciful

When came Allah's succor and the conquest, ( 110:1 ).

And thou saw the peoples entering into the religion of Allah in troops ( 110:2 ).

So glorify the praise of thy Lord and seek His forgiveness, indeed He is relenting. ( 110:3 ).

• The Two Momentous Things

In the holy city of Medina, Messenger of Allah ensured that he addressed the two most vital issues during his lifetime, so that these should be the sanctuary, guide and leader for the Muslims after his departure from this life. These were the compilation of the Holy Qur’an as a bound copy, and the appointment of his successors to lead the nation after him. Both of these, he did on direct instructions from the Almighty.

• The Holy Qur’an

The Prophet ensured arrangements be made to compile a 'bound' copy of the Holy Qur’an - known at the time of the holy Prophet, and also today, as the mus-haf . The Messenger of Allah commissioned Ali son of Abu-Talib to gather and compile the entire Qur’an, which Imam Ali did during the lifetime of the holy Prophet and under his supervision 9 .

The Messenger of Allah validated and authenticated the end result - the mus-haf - even verifying the order and position of the individual verses within a given chapter or surah, as instructed by the Almighty. According to traditions, when archangel Gabriel used to reveal a particular ayah or verse to the Prophet, the former would also indicate its position within the surah or chapter of the Qur’an and the surah that it belonged to. 10

Reports state that during the lifetime of the Prophet, when the entire text of the Holy Qur’an was committed to writing and it had been compiled as mus-haf , people used to come to the mosque of the Prophet, where the compiled Qur’an - mus-haf - was kept by the pulpit, to make their copies of the Holy Scripture. 11

It is sometimes stated, through a minor misunderstanding, that the Holy Qur’an was first compiled during the reign of the third ruler Uthman ibn Affaan, some twenty years after the death of the Prophet Muhammad. The root of this misunderstanding stems from the incorrect assumption of the meaning of the Arabic word jame that means 'to collect'. Instead it was taken to mean 'to compile'.

What was in fact commissioned at that time was to collect the incomplete documents holding some verses or chapters of the Holy Qur’an and to complete them as copies of the entire Qur’an. Any compilation that took place during this time was to reproduce the authentic copy of the Holy Qur’an as per the version compiled by Imam Ali during the lifetime of the Prophet Muhammad and under his supervision.

• The Ahl Al-Bayt

The other fundamental and vital task that the Prophet had to secure during his lifetime was to address the question of his succession. On instructions from the Almighty, the Messenger of Allah named and appointed the successors who would lead the Muslim community after him according to the teachings of the Holy Qur’an and the Messenger of Allah.

The Prophet Muhammad used numerous occasions to instruct the people to follow and adhere to his twelve appointed successors, 'Caliphs' or 'Imams', the first of whom was Imam Ali son of Abu Talib, and the twelfth is the living Imam Mahdi, who is hidden from public view 12 until such a time when the Almighty will instruct him to reappear in public “in order to lead the nations of this world from tyranny and oppression to tranquillity and bliss”. The Prophet Muhammad, his daughter Fatimah, his cousin and son-in-law Imam Ali and the eleven impeccable Imams descendants of Ali and Fatimah form Ahl al-Bayt as referred to in the Holy Qur’an 33:33 .

In 630 CE, seventy days before his death, and just after performing the farewell Hajj pilgrimage, on instructions from the Almighty, at the location of Ghadir Khum, the Prophet appointed Ali as his successor and ordered the Muslims who were present there to pay Ali homage of allegiance as The Commander of the Faithful, and their leader after the Prophet. The revelation from the Almighty on this day in this particular respect was:

O Messenger! Convey that that has been revealed to thee from thy Lord, and if thee do not, then thee would have not conveyed His Message; and Allah will protect thee from the people. Surely Allah guides not the disbelieving people. ( 5:67 ).

After the revelation of the above instruction, the Messenger of Allah declared: “For whoever I am his master and leader, then Ali is his master and leader too. O Lord support whoever supports Ali, and oppose whoever opposes him. 13 Ali is my Caliph and successor upon ye after me.” 14

Some chroniclers put the number of those present at Ghadir Khum, who gave their homage and allegiance to Imam Ali as the Commander of the Faithful and the successor of the Prophet Muhammad, at up to 120,000 men and women.

To confirm and conclude this momentous event, the Almighty then revealed:

Today I have perfected your religion for ye, completed My favor upon ye and have sanctioned Islam for ye as a religion. ( 5:3 ).

In order to reveal the station of his successors present and future, the Prophet frequently used to refer the Muslims to the Ahl al-Bayt - at the time notably Ali - for they were the most knowledgeable about the teachings of the Qur’an and the Prophet himself. To clarify any possible doubt about his immediate successor, in the famous tradition of “City of Knowledge”, the final Messenger of Allah states:

“I am the City of Knowledge and Ali is its Gate, so whosoever wishes to access this City, then let him do so through its Gate.” 15

According to many Prophetic teachings and traditions the Holy Qur’an and the Ahl al-Bayt are considered as the two inseparable and complementary components of the divine message. Towards the end of his life, the Messenger of Allah often used to say: “I leave with ye the two momentous things - the book of Allah and my kin the people of my Ahl al-Bayt. As long as ye adhere to them both ye will never go astray after me.” 16

However, after the death of the Prophet Muhammad, the people did not honor their pledge of allegiance that they had been given at the time to the Prophet when he appointed his successor on instructions from the Almighty.

After several failed attempts on his life by various means, the culprits eventually succeeded in assassinating the Prophet Muhammad - this time through poisoning. The final Messenger of Allah to humanity died on the 28th day of the lunar month of Safar in the 11th year of the Hijrah, 630 CE.

The Prophet Muhammad brought about a nation and a civilization that in a relatively very short space of time won the prime position amongst all other nations. The Muslims attained such achievement so long as they adhered to the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad. Today even though the Muslims are numerous, they do not occupy the eminent station amongst the nations anymore, because they did not adhere to “the two momentous things”that the Prophet Muhammad left behind for them. The Muslim nation may still be a candidate to lead mankind to bliss and prosperity if they ensure to adhere to the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad and his successors.

• 1. The occasion of the Hijrah (literally migration, and by extension the migration of the Prophet Muhammad from Mecca to Medina).
• 2. The Kabah is a cubical structure symbolizing the House of God that was built by the Prophet Adam on instructions from the Almighty God in an uninhabited valley, which in turn brought about the creation of the holy city of Mecca around it.
• 3. The Quraysh is a collection of clans and tribes all of whom are blood related.
• 4. al-Kafi, by al-Kulayni, vol. 5, p279.
• 5. Wasael al-Shia, by Muhammad Hasan al-Hurr al-Ameli, vol. 26, p. 251.
• 6. al-Kafi, by al-Kulayni, vol. 7, p. 167.
• 7. al-Kafi, by al-Kulayni, vol. 1, p. 407.
• 8. Bihar al-Anwar, by al-Majlesi, vol. 22, p. 486.
• 9. Bihar al-Anwar, by al-Majlesi, vol. 89, p. 48, Beirut ed. See also “The Qur’an: When was it compiled?” by the same Author.
• 12. Imam Mahdi lives amongst the public but without being recognized by them. However, as and when required, he would make himself recognizable to those who are sincerely pious and devout.
• 13. Mustadrak al-Sahihayn, vol. 3, pp 118, 126, 613. Dar al-Kotob al-Elmiyah, Beirut; Musnad Ahmad, vol. 1, pp 84, 88, 118, 152, vol. 4, pp 378, 370, pub. Cordoba Foundation, Cairo; Musnad Abi-Yacla, vol. 1, p249, pub. Dar al-Mamoon lil-Turath, Damascus; Fada'el al-Sahabah, by Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal, vol. 2, pp 572, 585, 586, 613, 682, 705 pub. al-Risalah Foundation, Beirut; Fada'el al-Sahabah, by al-Nasa'ie, vol.1, p15, Dar al-Kotob al-Elmiyyah, Beirut; Tafsir of Ibn Kuthayr, vol. 2, p15, pub. Dar al-Fikr, Beirut, al-Sunan al-Kubra, by al-Nasaie, vol. 5, pp 45, 130-136, 154, Dar al- Kotob al-Elmiyyah, Beirut, al-Kafi, by al-Kulayni, vol. 1, p 286. etc.
• 14. Bihar al-Anwar, by al-Majlesi, vol. 5, p. 69. Tohaf al-Uquol, p. 458.
• 15. al-Mustadrak ala al-Sahihayn, by al-Hakim al-Naysabouri, vol. 3, p. 137-138, pub. Dar al-Kutub al-Elmiyyah, Beirut; Majmac al-Zawaid, by Nur-ed-Din Ali ibn Abu Bakr al-Haythami, vol. 9, p. 114, pub. Dar al-Bayan lil-Turath, Cairo; Tarikh Baghdad, by Abu Bakr Ahmad al-Khatib al-Baghdadi, vol. 2, p. 377, pub. Dar al-Kotob al-Elmiyyah, Beirut, and also vol. 4, p. 348, and vol.7, p. 172, and vol. 11, p. 49-50.
• 16. Sahih al-Tirmidhi, vol. 5, p. 328, hadith 3874 & 3876, pub. Dar al-Fikr, Beirut, and vol. 13, p. 99-200, pub. Maktabat al-Sawi, Egypt, and vol. 2, p. 308, pub. Boulaq, Egypt; Musnad Ahmad, vol. 3, pp 17, 26, 59, and vol. 4, p. 366, 371, and vol. 5, p181, pub. al-Maymaniyyah, Egypt; Sahih Muslim, Book of Merits, Merits of Ali ibn Abi Talib, vol. 2, p. 362, pub. Isa al-Halabi, and vol. 7, p. 122, pub. Sabih, and vol. 15, p. 170 with al- Nuwawi commentary, Egypt; Dorar al-Semtayn, by al-Zarandi al-Hanafi, p. 231, pub. Qadha al-Najaf; Yanabic al-Mawaddah, by al-Qunduzi al-Hanafi, p. 29-31, 36, 28, 41, 183, 191, 296, 370, pub. Istanbul; Tafsir of Ibn Kuthayr, vol. 4, p. 113, pub. Dar Ihiya al-Kutub al-Arabiyah, Egypt; Jami al-Usul, by Ibn Athir, vol. 1, p. 187, hadith 65-66, pub. Egypt; Mu’jam al-Kabir by al-Tabarani, p 137.
• Introduction
• Transliteration
• About The Author
• 'Neutralise The Messenger And His Message'
• Inspirational Conducts
• His Dealings With The People
• His Humility
• The Symbol Of Love And Blessings
• His Clement And Forgiving Nature
• His Steadfastness
• His Abstinence
• His Merciful Nature
• His Kindness To Animals
• His Bravery
• His Justice
• Praising Almighty God
• Encouragement Of Almsgiving
• Qualities Reflected In His Conducts
• An Overview
• In The Eyes Of His Opponents
• Conducts And Strategies Of Battle
• With The Prisoners Of Battle Of Badr
• Ransom Of His Son-In-Law
• Prohibition Of Torture And Mutilation
• Returns Evil With Good
• Gives His Foes The Choice Of Peace
• His Magnanimity
• His Care For His Companions
• He Goes Hungry
• Foe Turned Into Friend
• Tolerated The Enemy Of The State
• His Adherence To The Peace Treaty Of Hodaybiyah
• Among The Blessings Of The Treaty Of Hodaybiyah
• Kindness To Captives
• The Protectorate
• The Jews Enter Islam
• Forgiveness Not Revenge
• A Jew's Word Was Enough
• The Bearer Of The White Banner
• The Prophet Forgives The Traitor
• Before Entering Mecca
• Conduct Of Islam Upon Victory
• With The Custodian Of The Kabah
• Forgive Your Archenemies
• With His Would Be Assassin
• Abandoning The Prophet's Teachings
• Treachery And Making Amends
• His Government
• His Manners And Ethics
• His Compassion
• His Tolerance
• His Forgiveness
• His Generosity
• Earn Your Living
• His Helping And Hospitality
• He Endeavoured To Please Others
• He Turned Foes Into Friends
• Foes Testified To His Distinction
• Kindness Beautifies
• His Loyalty
• His Humbleness
• He Served At Home
• The Trustworthy One
• The Pragmatic Statesman
• He Never Changed
• The Prophet Should Be Emulated
• Selected Sayings Of Prophet Muhammad
• On Supplication
• On Familial Bonds
• On Good Morals And Conducts
• On Clemency
• On Forgiveness, Kindness And Mercy
• On Toiling And Earning That Which Is Lawful
• On Humility
• On The Reprehensibility Of Arrogance
• On Consultation
• On Generosity
• On Discouraging Miserliness
• On Fulfilling Promises
• On Patience And Bearing Hardships
• On Almsgiving
• On Truthfulness
• On Abstinence
• Words Of Light
• Chapter 6: Prophet Muhammad As Seen By Western Thinkers
• ‹ About The Author
• Chapter 2: Sublime Qualities O... ›

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The Kindness of Prophet Muhammad (s)

The Prophet Muhammad taught love, kindness and compassion to his people, and was seen to be the most loving, kind, and compassionate of all of them. The Quran mentions his kind and gentle behavior in these words: "O Messenger of Allah! It is a great Mercy of God that you are gentle and kind towards them; for, had you been harsh and hard-hearted, they would all have broken away from you" (Quran 3:159 ).

There are many instances that show his kindness and gentleness, especially to the weak and the poor. Anas, who was his helper, said: "I served Allah's Messenger for ten years and he never said to me, 'Shame' or 'Why did you do such-and-such a thing?' or 'Why did you not do such-and-such a thing?'" (Bukhari, 2038).

Once he said to his wife: "0 'A'ishah! Never turn away any needy man from your door empty-handed. 0 'A'ishah! Love the poor; bring them near to you and God will bring you near to Him on the Day of Resurrection". He also went much further on to say: "Seek me among your weak ones, for you are given provision, or you are given help only by reason of the presence of your weak ones". (Rahman, Encyclopedia of Seerah, VOL. VIII, p. 151) God Almighty is Kind, and the Prophet imitated Allah's example in its perfection by showing kindness to his servants and all creatures without any regard for their beliefs, color or nationality. The Prophet said: "God is kind and likes kindness in all things" (Bukhari, 6601).

His heart ached within him at the corrupt state of his fellow-Meccans and their rejection of One God. The Holy Quran testifies to it in these words: "0 Muhammad, you will, perhaps, consume yourself with grief because the people do not believe" (Quran 26:3 ) . In Surah Kahf, we read: "Well, 0 Muhammad, it may be that you will kill yourself for their sake out of sorrow if they do not believe in this Message." (Quran 18:6 ) . And Surah Fatir says: " So let not your life be consumed in grief for their sake." (Quran 35:8 ). 

He took a great interest in the welfare of all people and had great compassion for people in trouble. The Prophet Muhammad imitated the attributes of God par excellence and translated them into practice in the highest form possible for man. Kindness is an attribute of Allah, which has no limits. It is extensive and encompasses all things and all beings without discrimination. Likewise was the kindness of the Prophet. He extended it to all beings, both animate and inanimate and benefited all without measure. The Quranic words for the Prophet's kindness, ra'ufun rahirn (Quran 9:128 ) are very intensive and comprehensive in meaning and convey the true nature and extent of the Prophet's kindness to people. The Prophet said: "One of the finest acts of kindness is for a man to treat his fathers' friends in a kindly way after he has departed" (Abu dawud, 5123)

The issue of treating friends well was also extended to include relations: "He who wishes to have his provision enlarged and his term of life prolonged should treat his relatives well" (Bukhari, 5985). He emphasized on this matter because he deeply held the view that "Only kindness prolongs life, and a person is deprived of provisions for the faults he commits" (Ibn Majah). Bahz b. Hakim, on his father's authority, said that his grandfather told him that he had asked Allah's Messenger to whom he should show kindness and that the Prophet had replied: "Your mother." He asked who came next and he replied: "Your mother." He asked who came next and he replied for the third time: "Your mother." He again asked who came next and he replied: "Your father, then your relatives in order of relationship" (Abu dawud, 5120). He dwelled on the issue of treating orphans humanely as he stated that "The best house among the Muslims is one which contains an orphan who is well treated, and the worst house among the Muslims is one which contains an orphan who is badly treated" (Ibn Majah, 3679). This means that the Prophet cautioned his followers against general maltreatment of anyone regardless of his status. By extending good treatment from friends to relatives and now to neighbors, Prophet Muhammad was intent in making all humans interdependent as he emphasized in the following words: "All creatures are Allah's dependants, and those dearest to God are the ones who treat His dependants kindly" (Rahman, VOL VIII, p. 154). He emphasized the kind treatment of women again and again in his speeches:

Treat women kindly, since they are your helpers; . . . you have your rights upon your wives and they have their rights upon you. Your right is that they shall not allow anyone you dislike to enter your bed or your home, and their right is that you should treat them well. (from the Farewell Sermon of the Prophet)

Once a number of women complained to the Prophet's wives about their ill-treatment by their husbands. On hearing of this, the Prophet said: "Such persons among you are not good persons." (Abu Dawud, 1834). This condemnation by the Prophet himself was an indication that no one will be accepted before God who, while on earth, decided to be unkind to women. Another person said to the Prophet: "0 Messenger of Allah! My relatives are such that although I cooperate with them, they cut me off; I am kind to them but they ill treat me." The Prophet said this in reply: "So long as you continue as you are, God will always help you and He will protect you against their mischief" (Muslim, 4640). This was not only a way of bringing comfort to the mind of the worried person but one of the communicative techniques of the Prophet to assure who ever found himself in that situation to look up to God to be consoled and protected. So it was pointless to preach vengeance to this kind of people suffering from this similar fate. Indeed, Prophet Muhammad was nothing short of a competent counselor.

He was always counseling people to be goodhearted regardless of their sex, age or gender. Once Asma bint Abu Bakr's mother, who was still an unbeliever, came to see her in Madinah. She told this to the Prophet and said: "My mother has come to see me and she is expecting something from me. May I oblige her?" The Prophet said: "Yes, be kind to your mother" (Muslim, 2195). This attitude of the Prophet was equally extended to Zainab as-Saqafia, the wife of Abdullah ibn Mas'ud and an Ansari woman. She went to see the Prophet and to inquire whether it would be a charity if they spent something on their husbands and on the orphans under their care. The Prophet said: "They will get a two-fold reward, one for kindness towards their relatives and the other for charity" (Bukhari, 1466).

There are many Ahadith concerning his kindness to animals, birds and insects: "God prescribed kindness towards everything; so when you slaughter any animal, slaughter it well; when you sacrifice, make your sacrifice good. And let everyone sharpen his weapon and make it easy for his sacrificed animal" (Muslim, 5055). He made this kind of statement to demonstrate his love for both humans and animals. In essence, Prophet Muhammad was equally showing his followers that he too is feels pain.

Source: Prophet Muhammad Leadership

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The Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w)

The world before islam.

Before Islam, the world was a not a good place. People used to pray to the sun, the stars, and statues made out of stones called idols. Many people did not know about Allah (swt).There was a lot of fighting and many people were used as slaves and treated in a bad way. The poor and weak, as well as girls were also treated very badly.

​Some of the people of Makkah were very rich, they made their money by making idols made from stones and even dates and stealing from others. These people did not want to listen to the Prophet (s.a.w) when he came because they wanted to stay powerful.

The Birth of Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w)

Prophet Muhammad (a.s) was born in a special year called ‘the year of the elephant’. In that year, Abraha, the governor of the Abyssinian king marched towards Makkah with a huge army of elephants to destroy the Kaaba, the house where Allah (s.w) is worshipped. It is also known as the ‘house of Allah’

​But just as they were close to the Kaaba, Allah (s.w.t) sent many flying creatures who carried pebbles and threw them onto the army of men and elephants and destroyed them all and the Kaaba became safe again. This was a big miracle, and it was never forgotten that Allah (s.w.t) is the protector of all things.

​Abdullah, Prophet Muhammad’s father, died three months before he was born. So the Prophet never met his father.

Prophet Muhammad’s (s.a.w.w) childhood

The Prophet’s mother was Aminah, a pious and gentle woman. However, when he was a baby, she did not have enough milk for him. In those days, when mothers could not suckle their children because they did not have milk, their babies were given to healthy strong women to look after them and give them milk.

Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w) was therefore given the milk of a wet nurse named Halima who was a good, strong woman. With the gentle and pure love of Halima and his mother Aminah, Prophet Muhammad started to grow into a well-mannered and polite boy.

When he turned six, the Prophet’s mother Amina became sick and died and he became an orphan without a mother or father. However, Allah (swt) always has a plan and instead his loving grandfather started caring for him.

When he turned eight, the Prophet’s grandfather also died, and his uncle Abu Talib started to look after him just like he took care of his other children. Abu Talib had a son called Ali who became very close to Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w) and later became the first Imam of the Muslims.

The Prophethood of Muhammad (s.a.w.w)

​Muhammad (s.a.w.w) grew up to be a handsome, honest and hardworking young man who used to help his uncle in trade by selling goods in far away cities. The Prophet (s.a.w.w) married a woman named Khadija who was very wealthy but also very kind.

The Prophet used to like to spend time in a cave called the Cave of Hira on top of a tall mountain, called Jabal Al-Nour. He went there for many years, and there he used to pray to Allah (s.w.t) and think about all the amazing things that He created.

One day, when the Prophet (s.a.w.w) was forty years old, the angel Gabriel appeared while he was worshipping. angel Gabriel told him that his mission as the last Prophet of Allah (swt) had just begun, to teach people about Islam along with the following verse from the Qu’ran, the book of Allah (swt):

“Recite in the name of your Lord Who created. Created man from a clot. Recite and your Lord is most Generous. Who taught (to write) with the pen. Taught man what he knew not.” Holy Qur’an (96:1-5)

Muhammad’s (s.a.w.w) heart was filled with joy, and he thanked Almighty Allah (s.w) for this great honour. He hurried to his house to tell his wife Khadija (a.s) that his mission of Prophethood had started. The first woman who accepted him as a prophet was Khadija (a.s) and the first young man was his cousin Ali (a.s) .

During his life, Prophet Muhammad taught the people all about the manners of Islam, how to be kind and live peacefully with others through his actions and the Holy Quran. Today there are many Muslims all over the world who live a happy life because of Islam.

Prophet Muhammad’s Battles- and his Greatest Victory

Not everyone was happy that Muhammad (s.a.w.w) had been chosen as the Prophet, and many people wanted to stop him from teaching others about Islam. Mecca was like the capital city in the Arabian Peninsula in that time (like Washington is for the USA) and it was under the control of the pagans who forced Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w) to migrate to Medina.

Unfortunately, the pagans did not let the Muslims live peacefully in Medina or to spread the word of Allah (swt). As a result, Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w) was involved in many battles to protect the rights of the Muslims. Islam achieved many victories in battles that are now famous, such as the battles of Badr, Khandaq and Khaybar but the conquest of Mecca was the most important one according to the Quran.

The conquest of Mecca was Islam’s biggest victory as it involved a diplomatic, peaceful conquest. It was foretold in Surat al Nasr.

The conquest of Mecca happened on the 10th of Ramadan. The prophet ordered the army to move from Medina to Mecca because the Quraish leader ‘Abu Sufian’ broke a peace agreement between the Muslims and the Non-Muslims. The Prophet (s.a.w.w) prepared the army and they moved towards Mecca.

As they reached closer to Mecca the Prophet (s.a.w.w) ordered the army to scatter fire at night-time and kindle lights to scare the enemy. The desert became full of flames and light and noise of the army moving, and its camel’s horses scared Abu Sufian and the other leaders of Quraish.

They were so terrified that they surrendered immediately and ordered all the rest of the Meccan’s to surrender as well. The Prophet therefore entered and controlled Mecca peacefully, without shedding any blood or engaging in fighting. 

Prophet Mohammad’s (s.a.w.w.) Important Mission: Eid al Ghadeer

​During Prophet Mohammad’s (s.a.w.w) last Hajj angel Gabriel revealed the following verse:

​“يَا أَيُّهَا الرَّسُولُ بَلِّغْ مَا أُنزِلَ إِلَيْكَ مِن رَّبِّكَ وَإِن لَّمْ تَفْعَلْ فَمَا بَلَّغْتَ رِسَالَتَهُ وَاللَّـهُ يَعْصِمُكَ مِنَ النَّاسِ إِنَّ اللَّـهَ لَا يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الْكَافِرِينَ

O, Messenger! Proclaim that which has been sent down to you from your Lord, and if you do not you will not have proclaimed His message and Allah shall protect you from people, indeed Allah do not guide the faithless lot.”— Qur’an 5:67

Through this verse Allah (swt) ordered Prophet Mohammad (s.a.w.w) to tell all the Muslims that Imam Ali (a.s) is to be the leader of the Muslims after he dies.

This was an important mission and the Prophet took it very seriously.

The Prophet (s.a.w.w) gathered all the people who were returning from hajj and stood up on a high place. He took Ali’s (a.s) hand and said “Whomever I am his mawla then Ali is his mawla”. In the Arabic language mawla means Guardian and leader.

He also said “O God! Befriend and be the wali of anyone who loves Ali and considers him as his wali; be the enemy of anyone who is his enemy; and assist anyone who assists him and abandon anyone who abandons him.”

This day became known as ‘Eid al Ghadeer’. It is a happy occasion for all Muslims because on that day the Prophet announced to thousands of people returning home from Hajj that Ali is his successor.

Prophet Mohammad’s (s.a.w.w.) Death

The Prophet (s.a.w.w) was resting in the lap of Ali Ibn Abi Talib, as he was breathing his last breaths. In this time, he was passing the treasures of wisdom onto Ali, and teaching him many hidden truths. While Ali was busy performing the burial rites of the Prophet, other people in the Islamic nation were having meetings, planning on how to take the leadership of the Muslims away from Ali (a.s).

Prophet Mohammad’s (s.a.w.w.) Family

“Ahlul Bayt” is the name of the most beloved members of Prophet Mohammad’s family. The ahlul bayt include the Prophet Mohammad (s.a.w.w) , his daughter Fatimah (a.s) , her husband Imam Ali (a.s) and their children Hassan (a.s) and Husein (a.s) and the nine Imams (a.s) who are their descendants.

The Ahlul Bayt (a.s) were all infallible people. This means that they never committed a sin even though they could. This is because they could see the true ugliness of sins and the real beauty of obeying Allah.

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Essay On My Favourite Personality Prophet Muhammad PBUH

Prophet Muhammad is considered one of the most influential and revered figures in Islamic history. Born in Mecca, Saudi Arabia, in 570 AD, he was the founder of Islam and is believed by Muslims to be the last prophet sent by God.

His teachings have had a profound impact on millions of people around the world, shaping their beliefs and way of life. This essay aims to provide an overview of Prophet Muhammad’s life and achievements, focusing on his teachings, leadership qualities, social reforms, and legacy.

It will explore how he brought about a revolution in Arabian society by promoting peace, justice, equality, and compassion towards all human beings regardless of their race or religion. Through this essay, we hope to inspire readers to learn more about this remarkable personality who has left an indelible mark on human history.

Early Life and Background of Prophet Muhammad

The early life and background of Prophet Muhammad can be traced back to the Arabian Peninsula in the 6th century, where he was born into a noble family known as Banu Hashim. His father, Abdullah, passed away before his birth, leaving him to be raised by his mother Aminah and grandfather Abdul-Muttalib.

Growing up, Muhammad was known for his honesty, integrity, and strong character. He worked as a shepherd and later a trader before marrying his first wife Khadija at the age of 25.

It wasn’t until he reached the age of 40 that he received his first revelation from Allah through the angel Gabriel while meditating in a cave on Mount Hira.

Prophet Muhammad’s upbringing played an important role in shaping his personality and values. His grandfather instilled in him a sense of justice and compassion towards all people regardless of their social status or religion. This is evident in how he treated those around him during times of war and peace.

Muhammad’s early life also exposed him to various cultures and religions that existed on the Arabian Peninsula at that time. This exposure helped shape his understanding of different faiths and beliefs which ultimately led to Islam being inclusive towards people from different backgrounds.

Overall, Prophet Muhammad’s early life played an integral part in shaping him into one of history’s most influential figures who has left an indelible mark on humanity till this day.

The Teachings of Prophet Muhammad

One of the key principles emphasized in the teachings of Prophet Muhammad is the importance of treating others with kindness and compassion. He believed that all human beings are equal and should be treated with respect and dignity, regardless of their social status, race or religion. This idea is encapsulated in his famous saying: “None of you truly believes until he loves for his brother what he loves for himself.”

Prophet Muhammad also stressed the significance of honesty and integrity in one’s dealings with others. He encouraged his followers to speak truthfully and fulfill their promises, even if it meant going against their own interests. His teachings on honesty were so influential that even before Islam became a dominant force in Arabia, people referred to him as ‘Al-Amin’or ‘The Trustworthy’.

Another notable teaching from Prophet Muhammad was his emphasis on the importance of education and seeking knowledge. He believed that acquiring knowledge was essential for personal growth as well as societal progress. In fact, one of his most famous sayings is: ‘Seeking knowledge is obligatory upon every Muslim’. The Prophet himself set an example by being an avid learner throughout his life.

Prophet Muhammad’s teachings also emphasized the value of humility and modesty. He taught that arrogance was a destructive trait which could lead to downfall and ruin. Instead, he encouraged people to be humble in their interactions with others, recognizing that everyone has flaws and weaknesses.

In conclusion, Prophet Muhammad’s teachings focused on important values such as kindness, honesty, education, humility among many other things which remain relevant today not only for Muslims but also for humanity at large. These teachings still hold great significance today because they have stood the test time over centuries proving how timeless they are.

The Leadership Qualities of Prophet Muhammad

Exemplifying exceptional leadership qualities, Prophet Muhammad’s teachings focused on the importance of consultation, justice, and accountability in decision-making processes. His leadership was characterized by his ability to inspire and motivate people towards a common goal. He was able to build strong relationships with his followers through effective communication and empathy.

Prophet Muhammad led by example and demonstrated ethical behavior in all aspects of life. He emphasized the importance of honesty, integrity, and humility. He treated everyone with respect regardless of their social status or background. His leadership style was based on compassion and kindness, which enabled him to gain the trust and loyalty of his followers.

Moreover, Prophet Muhammad’s leadership style was inclusive as he recognized the value of diversity among his followers. He encouraged participation from all members regardless of their gender or age. This approach fostered a sense of belonging among his followers which resulted in a tightly knit community.

Prophet Muhammad’s leadership qualities were exemplary as they focused on fostering an environment that promoted consultation, justice, accountability, inclusivity, ethics and morality. His ability to lead by example continues to inspire millions around the world today.

The Impact of Prophet Muhammad on the World

Prophet Muhammad’s teachings continue to have a profound impact on the world today, shaping the beliefs and actions of millions of people across different cultures and nations. One of the main reasons for this enduring influence is that the Prophet’s message emphasized values such as compassion, justice, and equality. These principles are universal in nature and resonate with people from all walks of life.

One example of how Prophet Muhammad’s teachings have impacted modern society is through the promotion of social justice. The concept of charity, or zakat, which forms one of the five pillars of Islam, encourages Muslims to give a portion of their wealth to those less fortunate. This practice has been adopted by many Muslim organizations around the world who work towards poverty alleviation and providing aid during natural disasters.

Moreover, Prophet Muhammad’s emphasis on education has also had a long-lasting effect on society. He believed that knowledge was essential for personal growth and societal progress. In fact, some historians credit him with establishing the first Islamic school in Medina where he taught not only religious but also secular subjects such as mathematics and Arabic literature.

Prophet Muhammad’s teachings have left an indelible mark on human history due to their timeless relevance and universal appeal. His message continues to inspire individuals and societies around the globe to strive towards creating a more just and equitable world based on principles such as compassion, justice, education, and equality.

Prophet Muhammad’s Role as a Social Reformer

Profoundly influential as a social reformer during his time, Muhammad’s teachings emphasized values such as compassion, justice, and equality which continue to resonate with people from all walks of life. He was known for championing the rights of women, children, and marginalized groups in society.

For instance, he prohibited infanticide which was a common practice at the time and encouraged the education of girls. Prophet Muhammad also promoted economic fairness by advocating for the distribution of wealth among all members of society. To this end, he implemented a system where wealthy individuals were required to give a portion of their income to support those in need. This system is still practiced today through Zakat or giving alms to those in need.

Additionally, Prophet Muhammad played an instrumental role in establishing a just legal system that protected the rights of every individual regardless of their social status or background. He established courts that were accessible to all members of society and ensured that rulings were based on evidence rather than personal bias or prejudice.

Prophet Muhammad’s teachings centered around improving the human condition by promoting compassion towards others, advocating for economic fairness and establishing a just legal system. His influence continues to inspire millions worldwide, making him one of history’s most revered figures as well as one who has made an indelible impact on society both then and now.

Prophet Muhammad’s Legacy and Relevance Today

Prophet Muhammad’s role as a social reformer has been well-documented in history. He brought about significant changes to the Arab society of his time, championing the cause of social justice and equality. However, his legacy extends far beyond mere societal reforms, encompassing an entire way of life that still resonates with millions of people around the world today.

One of Prophet Muhammad’s most significant contributions was the establishment of Islam as a religion. His teachings on monotheism, morality, and spirituality have guided Muslims for centuries and continue to do so today. In addition to religious teachings, he also left behind a rich cultural heritage that spans literature, art, architecture and more. This legacy is evident in Islamic civilization from Spain to India.

Prophet Muhammad’s relevance today can be seen in several areas. First and foremost is his emphasis on peace and tolerance towards all people regardless of their beliefs or background. In a world where conflict and division are all too common, his message provides a much-needed antidote to hatred and violence.

Furthermore, Prophet Muhammad’s teachings on social justice remain just as relevant today as they were over 1,400 years ago. His emphasis on charity towards the less fortunate serves as an inspiration for many Muslims who seek to make positive changes in their communities.

While Prophet Muhammad’s role as a social reformer is undoubtedly significant, it is only one aspect of his vast legacy which remains relevant even today. Whether through religious teachings or cultural contributions or messages of peace and tolerance- Prophet Muhammad continues to inspire billions around the globe.

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Sana Mursleen is a student studying English Literature at Lahore Garrison University (LGU). With her love for writing and humor, she writes essays for Top Study World. Sana is an avid reader and has a passion for history, politics, and social issues.

The Holy Prophet Muhammed (SAW): Saviour of Humanity

The right of “Freedom of Speech” has been much been highlighted in the media recently. So, I too have brought ink to paper to exercise this right given to me not by today’s democratic nations, but by the Holy Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.), 1400 years ago. Yet it is important to remember that freedom of speech, tolerance and respect go hand in hand. As it is a general consensus that mocking, degrading or insulting others, and then excusing it in the name of freedom of speech devalues a civilised society.

Without a doubt, democracy, racial equality, social justice, human rights are all Islamic concepts. However, the western world sees Islam as the opposite. This could easily be corrected by the media highlighting eminent scholars like Shaykh ul Islam Professor Tahir ul Qadri. But, whenever there is an Islamic question to be answered, we find on our screens representatives of extremist groups further complicating matters. Consequently fuelling the aversion to Islam, thus creating Islamaphobia.

The reality of Islam is that it promotes justice and preserves human rights. The Holy Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.) was the greatest humanitarian that ever walked on earth. In fact “he must be called the saviour of humanity…” George Bernard Shaw insists that “if a man like Muhammad were to assume dictatorship of the modern world, he would succeed in solving its problems that would bring it the much needed peace and happiness.”[1] In support of this, a great historian, Lamartine argues that “as regards all standards by which human greatness may be measured, we may well ask, is there any man greater than he?”[2] For he does lead the list of the world’s most influential persons.[3]

Thus, we learn that Muslims and non-Muslims alike have found the Holy Prophet Muhammad’s (S.A.W.) life a continuous source of inspiration. No one’s life has been scrutinised as much as the Holy Prophet’s (S.A.W.) life. Nevertheless, there is not one detail which could prove a flaw in his character. Even the non Muslims of Mecca knew him as “the Truthful” (Al Sadiq) and “the Faithful” (Al Amin).

In fact, each aspect of the Holy Prophet Muhammad’s (S.A.W.) life exemplifies his perfection and is invaluable for those who seek a model of guidance because it is specifically designed by Allah (S.W.T.) for this purpose. All of the Holy Prophet’s (S.A.W.) attributes, virtues and qualities have been showered on him as gifts from The Creator. Allah (S.W.T.) has carved the physical features, the style of living and the conduct of His Messenger (S.A.W.) in such a perfect manner that each one of his qualities serves as an argument for the glory and grandeur of The Creator.

Although some examples from The Holy Prophet’s (S.A.W.) life will be mentioned it is essential that his life be studied properly because it is the focus of faith. Recognition of Messengership is recognition of the divine presence. According to his wife Umm-ul Mu’mineen Hadhrat `A’ishah (R.A), “He was a personification of the Qur’an.” Since the Prophet (S.A.W.) is the embodiment of all the virtues that have been enunciated by the Holy Qur’an, a true understanding of the attributes of the Prophet (S.A.W.) is in fact a true understanding of Allah’s attributes.

Sahih Al-Bukhari, Sahih Muslim, and other authentic compilations of the Holy Prophet’s (S.A.W.) traditions or Hadith are brimming with examples to support my argument. So much so that it makes it difficult to pick and quote a few in order to keep this article concise!

His Lord, Allah (S.W.T.), said of him in the Holy Qur’an: “And truly you are immense in character”[4]; and he said of himself; “I have been sent only to perfect nobility of character.”

The Holy Prophet (S.A.W.) was extremely generous and sociable himself. He encouraged others to be likewise. A man asked the Prophet (S.A.W.), “Which act in Islam is the best?” He replied, “To feed (the poor and needy) and greet those who you know and those who you do not.”[5] Similarly, he forbid jealousy and mutual estrangement. Anas bin Malik (R.A.) narrates that the Prophet (S.A.W.) said, “Do not hate one another, and do not be jealous of one another; and do not desert (cut your relation with) each other, and O Allah’s worshippers! Be brothers. Lo! It is not permissible for any Muslim to desert (not talk to) his brother (Muslim) for more than three days.”[6]

Adding to his pearls of wisdom the Prophet (S.A.W.) warned us to be cautious from being angry. It is narrated by Abu Hurairah (R.A.) that Allah’s Messenger (S.A.W.) said, “The strong is not the one who overcomes the people by his strength, but the strong is the one who controls himself while in anger.”[7]

Furthermore, the Prophet (S.A.W.) once said, “A true believer is one with whom others feel secure. One who returns love for hatred.” The Prophet made it clear that one who would only return love for love was on a lower ethical plane. We should never think that we should treat people well only if they treat us well. We should, rather, be accustomed to being good to those who are not good to us and to not wronging those who harm us.

According to a tradition recorded in the Sahih of Imam Muslim, when the Prophet’s opponents greatly increased their persecution, his Companions asked him to curse them. At this the Prophet (S.A.W.) replied, “I have not been sent to lay a curse upon men but to be a blessing to them.” His opponents continued to treat him and his Companions unjustly and cruelly, but he always prayed for them. The Prophet (S.A.W.) molded his own life without giving trouble to anybody. To understand this fully we must look to the Qur’an. Allah states “And we have sent you (O Muhammad S.A.W.) not but as a mercy for the alamin (all that exists).” [8] This refers to Muslims, non Muslims, animals plants etc. are all encompassed by the Prophet‘s mercy. It is no surprise then that the date palm tree which the Prophet (S.A.W.) used to lean on cried upon separation from him when the pulpit was built.[9]

The Messenger of Allah (S.A.W.) lived his life without giving trouble to anyone. Hence one of the lessons he taught was that we should live among others like flowers, and not like thorns. The Jews and the Muslims lived side by side in peace in Madinah. The Prophet (S.A.W.) allowed them to practice their religion freely. In addition to this he warned his followers that if anyone murdered or mistreated a non Muslim in any other way he would not even be able to smell the aroma of Paradise, and the Prophet himself, on Judgement Day would speak in the non Muslim’s defence.[10] He always desired peace with the Christians, Jews and idolaters, and only unsheathed his sword when he was forced to do so to defend Islam and to repel aggression.

The Prophet (S.A.W.) was born to establish peace and unity in the world. Without a doubt “the extinction of race consciousness as between Muslims is one of the outstanding achievements of Islam.”[11] In his Last Sermon, The Holy Prophet (S.A.W.), removed all forms of inequalities creating a bond of universal brotherhood. He said, “There is no superiority for an Arab over a non – Arab, and for a non – Arab over an Arab, or for white over the black, or for the black over the white, except in piety. Verily the noblest among you is he who is the most pious.”

In his good manners, gentleness and forbearance he has left a perpetual and living example of a perfect behaviour for the entire human race. With his perfect emotional balance, he did not shun the legitimate pleasures of this world. He was wonderful. A perfect man. Consequently, he was loved more deeply and reverentially than any other, by those that were with him and by all subsequent generations of Muslims.

It is narrated by Abdullah bin Hisham (R.A.): “We were with the Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.) and he was holding the hand of Umar bin al Khattab. Umar said to him “O Allah’s Messenger! You are dearer to me than everything except my ownself.” The Prophet (S.A.W.) said, “No, by Him in whose hand my soul is you will not have complete faith till I am dearer to you than your own self.” Then Umar said to him, “However, now by Allah you are dearer to me than my ownself.” The Prophet (S.A.W.) said, “Now, o Umar (now you are a believer)”.[12]

Whenever we study the various historical personalities of history, we find them to be distinguished in a specific field. However the Prophet’s (S.A.W.) achievements are not limited to one aspect of life, but cover the whole field of human conditions. His personality possesses military, political, administrative, moral, human, social and cultural aspects. Every part of his life is well balanced and on the whole is the model of perfection.

Yet there are still many who have wrong perceptions of the Prophet. The Qur’an was the main miracle which was given to the Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.) to prove that he was a true Prophet. Anyone who reads it with an open mind will become a Muslim if they are sincere in their search for truth.

Furthermore, to believe that he propagated Islam by sword is a clear mistake. It was not through the sword that Islam won a place in the hearts of millions. It was instead, the exalted personality of the Prophet (S.A.W.) that inspired converts. Any political system or ideology that is spread through the act of force is soon toppled as we have seen with the downfall of communism. Known as the greatest peacemaker the Prophet (S.A.W.) undoubtedly followed Allah’s Qur’anic injunction that there should be no compulsion in religion (2:256).

Compared with other religions, Islam is pure, liberal and rational. It appeals to every age. Unlike the previous Prophets sent by Allah (S.W.T) sent to guide mankind, the Holy Prophet Muhammad’s (S.A.W.) message is not restricted to a certain place, people or time. Allah states “And we have sent you (O Muhammad S.A.W.) not but as a mercy for the alamin (all that exists).” [13] Aalamin infers everything create from the beginning of time till the end.

The Holy Prophet Muhammad’s (S.A.W.) Prophethood is all encompassing. That is why even today it is the fastest growing religion according to the western media. Even on the day of judgement he will rule through the power of intercession granted to him by Allah. All the needy will beseech and implore him and he will act as the intercessor for all nations and communities.[14]

In order to be beneficiaries of these rahmats (blessings) we need to love him and follow the Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.)’s example in all aspects of life. Once again it is emphasized that to appreciate the Prophet Muhammad’s (S.A.W.) perfection it is essential to study his life.

May Allah bless the Holy Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.) and his family and his companions and all who follow them with sincerity until the last day (Ameen).

[1] George Bernard Shaw, The Genuine Islam. Singapore, Vol.1, No 8, 1936. [2] Lamartine, Histoire de la Turquie, Paris, 1854, Vol. II, p.276-277. [3] Michael H. Hart, The 100: A Ranking of the Most Influential Persons in History, New York: Hart publishing Company Inc, 1978, p.33. [4] Qur’an 68:4 [5] Sahih Al Bukhari (Translated by Dr. Muhammad Muhsin Khan) Vol.8. P.143 Hadith no. 6236. [6] Ibid. P.60. Hadith no. 6065. [7] Ibid. P.83. Hadith no. 6114. [8] Qur’an 21:107 [9] Ibid. Vol.4. P.475. Hadith no. 3584 [10] Sunan Abu Dawood Vol.3. P.170 Hadith no.3052. Also Bukhari. Vol.3. Hadith no. 2995. [11] A.J. Toynbee, Civilisation On Trial, New York, 1948 P.205. [12] bd volume 8 Hadith number 628. [13] Qur’an 21:107 [14] Sahih Al Bukhari Vol. 9: Hadith No. 7439.

Bibliography: Human Rights in Islam, by Shaykh-ul-Islam Dr. Tahir ul Qadri Seerah-tul-Rasool, by Shaykh-ul-Islam Dr. Tahir ul Qadri Portrait of Perfection, by Shaykh Ahmed Mohammed al-Hawfi

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The Exemplary Justice of the Prophet

In the Qur’an, Allah commands believers to [ Be upholders of justice, bearing witness for Allah alone, even against yourselves or your parents and relatives. Whether they are rich or poor, Allah is well able to look after them. Do not follow your own desires and deviate from the truth. ] (An-Nisaa’ 4:135)

With the rules he imposed on Muslims, his just and tolerant attitude towards those of other religions, languages, races, and tribes, and his way of not discriminating between rich and poor, but treating everybody equally, Allah’s Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) is a great example to all of mankind.

Allah says this to His Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in one verse,

[ They are people who listen to lies and consume ill-gotten gains. If they come to you, you can either judge between them or turn away from them. If you turn away from them, they cannot harm you in any way. But if you do judge, judge between them justly. Allah loves the just. ] (Al-Ma’idah 5:42)

The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) abided by Allah’s commands, even with such difficult people, and never made any concessions in his implementation of justice. He became an example for all times with the words [ My Lord has commanded justice ] (Al-A`raf 8:29).

A number of incidents testify to the Prophet’s justice. He lived in a place where people of different religions, languages, races, and tribes all coexisted. It was very difficult for those societies to live together in peace and security and check those who sought to spread dissension. One group could become aggressive towards and even attack another over the slightest word or action. Yet, the justice of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was a source of peace and security for those other communities, just as much as it was for Muslims. During the time of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), Christians, Jews, and pagans were all treated equally. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) abided by the verse [ There is no compulsion where the religion is concerned ] ( Al-Baqarah 2:256), explaining the true religion to everyone, but leaving them free to make up their own minds.

In another verse, Allah revealed to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) the kind of justice and conciliation he needed to adopt towards those of other religions:

[ So call and go straight as you have been ordered to. Do not follow their whims and desires but say, “I believe in a Book sent down by Allah and I am ordered to be just between you. Allah is our Lord and your Lord. We have our actions and you have your actions. There is no debate between us and you. Allah will gather us all together. He is our final destination. ] (Ash-Shura 42:15)

This noble attitude of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), being in total harmony with the morality of the Qur’an, should be taken as an example of how members of different religions today should be treated.

The Prophet’s justice brought about understanding between people of different races. In many of his addresses, even in his final sermon, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) stated that superiority lay not in race, but in godliness, as Allah states in the verse

[ Mankind! We created you from a male and female, and made you into peoples and tribes so that you might come to know each other. The noblest among you in Allah’s sight is that one of you who best performs his duty. Allah is All-Knowing, All-Aware. ] (Al-Hujurat 49:13)

Two hadiths report that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said,

“ You are sons of Adam, and Adam came from dust. Let the people cease to boast about their ancestors. ” (Abu Dawud)

“ These genealogies of yours are not a reason to revile anyone. You are all children of Adam. No one has any superiority over another except in religion and taqwa (godliness). ” (Ahmad)

During his final sermon, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) called on Muslims in the following terms:

“There is no superiority for an Arab over a non-Arab and for a non-Arab over an Arab; or for white over the black or for the black over the white except in piety. Verily the noblest among you is he who is the most pious.”

The agreement that was made with the Christians of Najran in the south of the Arabian Peninsula was another fine example of the justice of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). One of the articles in the agreement reads,

The lives of the people of Najran and its surrounding area, their religion, their land, property, cattle, and those of them who are present or absent, their messengers and their places of worship are under the protection of Allah and guardianship of His Prophet.

The Compact of Madinah, signed by the Muslim immigrants from Makkah, the indigenous Muslims of Madinah, and the Jews of Madinah is another important example of justice. As a result of this constitution, which established justice between communities with differing beliefs and ensured the protection of their various interests, long years of enmity were brought to an end. One of the most outstanding features of the treaty is the freedom of belief it established. The relevant article reads

The Jews of Banu `Awf are one nation with the Muslims; the Jews have their religion and the Muslims have theirs.

Article 16 of the treaty reads,

The Jew who follows us is surely entitled to our support and the same equal rights as any one of us. He shall not be wronged nor his enemy be assisted.

The Prophet’s Companions remained true to that article in the treaty, even after his death, and they even practiced it with regard to Berbers, Buddhists, Brahmans, and people of other beliefs.

One of the main reasons why the golden age of Islam was one of peace and security was the Prophet’s just attitude, itself a reflection of Qur’anic morality.

The justice of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) also awoke feelings of confidence in non-Muslims, and many, including polytheists, asked to be taken under his protection. Allah revealed the following request from the polytheists in the Qur’an, and also told the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) of the attitude he should adopt towards such people.

[ If any of the idolaters ask you for protection, give them protection until they have heard the words of Allah. Then convey them to a place where they are safe. That is because they are a people who do not know. How could any of the idolaters possibly have a treaty with Allah and with His Messenger, except for those you made a treaty with at the Masjid al-Haram? As long as they are straight with you, be straight with them. Allah loves those who do their duty. ] (At-Tawbah 9:6-7)

In our day, the only solution to the fighting and conflict going on all over the world is to adopt the morality of the Qur’an, and, like the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), never to depart from the path of justice, making no distinction between different religions, languages, or races.

All articles published not necessarily the official points of view held by islamonline

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Allah gifted His servant prophet and Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) with all sublime morals. In this context, Almighty Allah says: [And surely thou hast sublime morals] (Al-Qalam 68:4). On his part, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “I was sent (by Allah) to perfect the sublime morals.”

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Home Article kindness of Holy Prophet (PBUH)

kindness of Holy Prophet (PBUH)

• July 18, 2019

Ali Zohery THE Last Prophet (PBUH) taught love, kindness and compassion to his people, and was seen to be the most loving, kind, and compassionate of all of them. The Quran mentions his kind and gentle behaviour in these words: “O Messenger of Allah! It is a great Mercy of God that you are gentle and kind towards them; for, had you been harsh and hard-hearted, they would all have broken away from you” (Quran 3:159). There are many instances that show his kindness and gentleness, especially to the weak and poor. Anas, who was his helper, said: “I served Allah’s Messenger for ten years and he never said to me, ‘Shame’ or ‘Why did you do such-and-such a thing?’ or ‘Why did you not do such-and-such a thing?’” (Bukhari, 2038). Once he said to his wife: “0 ‘A’ishah! Never turn away any needy man from your door empty-handed. 0 ‘A’ishah! Love the poor; bring them near to you and God will bring you near to Him on the Day of Resurrection”. He also went much further on to say: “Seek me among your weak ones, for you are given provision, or you are given help only by reason of the presence of your weak ones”. (Rahman, Encyclopedia of Seerah, VOL. VIII, p. 151) God Almighty is kind, and the Prophet imitated Allah’s example in its perfection by showing kindness to his servants and all creatures without any regard for their beliefs, color or nationality. The Prophet said: “God is kind and likes kindness in all things” (Bukhari, 6601). His heart ached within him at the corrupt state of his fellow-Meccans and their rejection of One God. The Holy Quran testifies to it in these words: “ Oh Prophet (PBUH), you will, perhaps, consume yourself with grief because the people do not believe” (Quran 26:3). In Surah Kahf, we read: “Well, Oh Prophet (PBUH), it may be that you will kill yourself for their sake out of sorrow if they do not believe in this Message.” (Quran 18:6). And Surah Fatir says: “So let not your life be consumed in grief for their sake.” (Quran 35:8). He took great interest in the welfare of all people and had great compassion for people in trouble. The Holy Prophet (PBUH) imitated the attributes of God par excellence and translated them into practice in the highest form possible for man. Kindness is an attribute of Allah, which has no limits. It is extensive and encompasses all things and all beings without discrimination. Likewise was the kindness of the Prophet. He extended it to all beings, both animate and inanimate and benefited all without measure. The Quranic words for the Prophet’s kindness, ra’ufun rahirn (Quran 9:128) are very intensive and comprehensive in meaning and convey the true nature and extent of the Prophet’s kindness to people. The Prophet said, “One of the finest acts of kindness is for a man to treat his fathers’ friends in a kindly way after he has departed” (Abu Dawud, 5123). The issue of treating friends well was also extended to include relations: “He who wishes to have his provision enlarged and his term of life prolonged should treat his relatives well” (Bukhari, 5985). He emphasized on this matter because he deeply held the view that “Only kindness prolongs life, and a person is deprived of provisions for the faults he commits” (Ibn Majah). Bahz b Hakim, on his father’s authority, said that his grandfather told him that he had asked Allah’s Messenger to whom he should show kindness and that the Prophet had replied: “Your mother.” He asked who came next and he replied: “Your mother.” He asked who came next and he replied for the third time: “Your mother.” He again asked who came next and he replied: “Your father, then your relatives in order of relationship” (Abu Dawud, 5120). He dwelled on the issue of treating orphans humanely as he stated that “The best house among the Muslims is one which contains an orphan who is well treated, and the worst house among the Muslims is one which contains an orphan who is badly treated” (Ibn Majah, 3679). This means that the Prophet cautioned his followers against general maltreatment of anyone regardless of his status. By extending good treatment from friends to relatives and now to neighbours, Prophet Muhammad was intent in making all humans interdependent as he emphasized in the following words: “All creatures are Allah’s dependants, and those dearest to God are the ones who treat His dependants kindly” (Rahman, VOL VIII, p. 154). He emphasized the kind treatment of women again and again in his speeches: Treat women kindly, since they are your helpers; . . . you have your rights upon your wives and they have their rights upon you. Your right is that they shall not allow anyone you dislike to enter your bed or your home, and their right is that you should treat them well. (from the Farewell Sermon of the Prophet).

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The Holy Prophet(saw)’s Kindness

The Holy Prophet of Islam (saw) is a unique person in the history of the creation of this earth. None like him was born before him and none like him will ever be born again.

Muslims from all walks of life and from all corners of the world, young and old, educated and uneducated, rich and poor, divided by geography, race and language, are all united in their reverence and devotion to the Holy Prophet (saw) , to the religion of Islam and the Holy Qur’an.

What was so special, extraordinary and unique about the Holy Prophet (saw) that he should have been chosen by God as a supreme example to guide mankind to ideals of happiness and perfection?

Whatever aspect of life we look at or whichever dimension of the life of the Holy Prophet (saw) we try to explore, we find strength and nobility of character and serenity or inner-calm, which comes with communion with God in the fullest sense. Nobility, generosity and magnanimity of the Holy Prophet (saw) shows itself most of all in charity and kindness to all men and more generally to all beings. There was no narrowness or pettiness in the soul of the Holy Prophet (saw) and no limitation in giving of himself to others. His blessed life is full of examples that have kept generations of Muslims inspired.

Of many, I will illustrate only one instance in the life of the Holy Prophet (saw) to prove his care and generosity towards his fellow-beings.

When the Quraish (dominant tribe in Makkah at the time) doubled and redoubled their injuries to the Holy Prophet (saw) and his followers, he undertook a trip, alone, to the city of Ta’if where after calling them to Islam he sought the support of the tribe of Thaqif . His words to worship One God caused a storm of anger. They drove him from the city and the rabble and slaves followed him, hooting and pelting him with stones until the evening.

Wounded and footsore, bleeding and weary, the Holy Prophet (saw) took shelter under the shades of some palm trees.

Imagine the plight of a person who has been persecuted all day, famished, hungry, thirsty and unprotected, sitting exposed under a palm tree. Did he seek revenge? Did he pray to Allah to destroy the city of Ta’if?

He did none of these things. Instead, the Holy Prophet (saw) raised his hands towards heaven and cried out:

“O Lord, I make my complaint to Thee out of my feebleness. I am insignificant in the eyes of men. O Thou Most Merciful! Lord of the weak! Thou art my Lord! Do not forsake me! Leave me not a prey to strangers nor to my enemies! If Thou art not offended, I am safe. I seek refuge in the Light of Thy countenance, by which all darkness is dispelled and peace comes here and hereafter. Let not Thy anger descend on me! Solve my problems as it pleases Thee. There is no power, no help but in Thee.”

Nothing can show more vividly the generosity, love for mankind and absolute faith in Allah the Almighty that the Holy Prophet (saw) possessed than this incident. As long as Allah the Almighty is not offended, the Holy Prophet (saw) was happy to suffer any indignity to convey the message with which he was entrusted. William Muir is forced to comment:

‘There is something lofty and heroic in this journey of Muhammad to Ta’if: a solitary man, despised and rejected by his own people, going boldly forth in the name of God, like Jonah to Nineveh and summoning an idolatrous city to repent. It sheds a strong light on the intensity of his belief in the divine origin of his mission.’ ( Life of Mahomet, Sir William Muir , pp . 112-113)

Another incident, in total contrast to the Ta’if incident, in the life of the Holy Prophet (saw) that shows his nobility, generosity and beneficent attitude to human beings is the triumphant entry into Makkah, which in a sense, highlights his earthly career. There he was – at the moment of supreme triumph, when the very people who had caused him untold hardship and trials for many years, who had forced him to fight wars were all subdued and at the mercy of one command from him. Instead of thinking of revenge, which was certainly his due, he forgave them all.

Karen Armstrong, commenting on the final triumph, says:

‘After the declaration of General Amnesty, nobody was made to accept Islam by force, nor do they seem to have been under any pressure to do so. Muhammad did not want to coerce the people but to effect a reconciliation.’

The Holy Prophet (saw) ’s behaviour and his vision of a balanced and harmonious life on earth is based on the integration of the temporal and spiritual dimension of one’s life, human reality and relationship with God Almighty.

Indeed, for every occasion, for every circumstance in the life of a Muslim, there is a precedent in the life of the Holy Prophet (saw) from which knowledge and inspiration can be drawn.

The Holy Qur’an is the vast world of creation in which a Muslim lives and the Holy Prophet of Islam (saw) is the interpreter par excellence of that Divine message. That is why all Muslims, all over the world, look up to the life of the Holy Prophet (saw) of Islam to follow his example.

When we look at the history and circumstances of the time of the advent of the Holy Prophet (saw) , we see Arabia and the rest of the world around steeped in corruption and the forces of falsehood were in ascendancy. There was nothing but the forces of disruption and disequilibrium surrounding the world. As the Holy Qur’an sums up the situation:

‘Corruption had appeared on land and sea because of what men’s hands have wrought, that He may make them taste the fruit of some of their doings, so that they may turn back from evil .’ (Ch.30:V.42)

The verse explains that when darkness covers the face of the earth and man forgets God and surrenders to the gods of his own conception, then God raises a Prophet to guide them to the true path.

It was under such circumstances that the Holy Prophet (saw) of Islam was raised. The purpose of his advent as given in the Holy Qur’an is:

…He enjoins on them good and forbids evil and makes lawful for them good things and forbids them the bad things and removes from them their burdens and shackles that were upon them… (Ch.7:V.158)

Such were the circumstances of the time. The Holy Prophet (saw) of Islam broke the chains and shackles that had enslaved humanity and removed the burden under which the humanity was being crushed.

He achieved that revolution with his prophecy and personal example; and humanity was able to raise its head once again with pride.

The Promised Messiah (as) , the true and devoted servant of the Holy Prophet (saw) describes it as:

‘The time when the Holy Prophet was raised was such that it was crying out for a Divine Reformer and a Guide from Heaven with a grand design; and the teachings that he brought were full of verity and contained everything that was needed at that time. …… The ultimate purpose of prophethood is the salvation and freedom of humanity. It was accomplished by him so perfectly that no other prophet had been able to achieve before in his time.’ ( Baraheen-e-Ahmadiyya , pp.112-114)

History tells us that before the advent of the Holy Prophet (saw) , women were treated as  chattel and in some tribes, newly-born girls were buried alive. Like slaves, women were treated as inferior species that had no legal existence. In such a primitive world, what the Holy Prophet (saw) achieved was remarkable. The very idea that a woman could act as a witness or could inherit anything at all in her own rights, was unthinkable.

We must remember that in Christian Europe, women had to wait until the 19th century before they had anything similar; even then, the law remained heavily favourable towards men. Western feminists have often denounced Islam with regards to the rights of women. They should perhaps look at the Christian traditions that are extremely negative to women.

If Muslim women today reject some of the so-called freedoms that the West offers them, it is not due to any obstinacy but because the Western view of women and relationship between sexes is confused. While preaching equality and liberation, Western society, at the same time, exploits and degrades women in advertising, pornography and popular entertainment in a way that Muslims find offensive.

The Holy Qur’an and Islam give a much more positive picture of the relationship between the sexes, showing men and women sharing the duties and privileges of Islam side by side in an egalitarian society. The Hoy Qur’an declares:

Surely men who submit them-selves to God and women who submit themselves to Him , and believing men and believing women, and obedient men and obedient women and truthful men and truthful women, and men steadfast in their faith and steadfast women, and men who are humble and women who are humble, and men who give alms and women who give alms, and men who fast and women who fast, and men who guard their chastity and women who guard their chastity , and men who remember Allah much and women who remember Him – Allah has prepared for all of them forgiveness and a great reward. (Ch.33:V.36)

This subject is vast and deserves a separate treatment. Let me conclude with a Tradition of the Holy Prophet (saw) . Whenever the Holy Prophet (saw) was to be absent from Madinah, he used to tell Muslims that they should consult Hadhrat ‘A’ishah (ra) if they had any religious problem. After his demise, Hadhrat ‘A’ishah (ra) was an important authority about the Holy Prophet (saw) ’s life and religious practice.

Now I come to the subject of slavery: slavery is an abominable and repulsive system of social inequality in which some people are treated as an item of property belonging to other individuals or social groups. Slavery has existed in human history from antiquity and people have exploited other people or nations for their own gains.

Reading modern history, we only find the mention of the banning of importing slaves in 1807 by the British and the abolition of the institution of slavery in 1833. The historians conveniently forget that the only historical figure who stood up against this practice was none other than the Holy Prophet Muhammad (saw) .

The Qur’an and the Traditions of the Holy Prophet (saw) advise kindness towards slaves and humane treatment and encourage setting them free. The Holy Prophet (saw) himself had a slave called Salman (ra) whom he immediately freed and made him a member of his family. The Holy Prophet (saw) exhorted the believers:

“And as to your slaves, see that ye feed them as ye feed yourselves and clothe them as you clothe yourselves.”

The Holy Prophet (saw) , advised all his followers to free the slaves and suggested that there was not an act more acceptable to God than freeing the slaves. He ordered that slaves should be allowed to purchase their liberty with the wages of their services. The whole tenor of the teachings of the Holy Prophet (saw) made permanent possession of slaves or a caste system impossible. Indeed it is simply an abuse of words to use slavery in English sense to any status known in Islam.

What can be more important than the last words of a dying person? Hadhrat ‘Ali (ra) and Hadhrat Anas (ra) narrate that the last word that they heard from the lips of the Holy Prophet (saw) were, “O Muslims, never ever forget my teachings about Salat [Prayer] and about slaves.”

When these words were said, his wives, daughter and her children, indeed the whole family and his Companions were around him. This was going to be his advice to his people. He did not think of his family. The only thing that worried him in the last breaths of his life was the plight of the slaves and their treatment.

When we look at the Arabian tribal life of the time of our beloved Prophet (saw) , we find that there was no central authority. Every tribal chief was responsible for the protection of his tribal members and had to be prepared to avenge each and every injury. Blood-feuds or vendettas were common. Life was cheap and killing per se was not considered immoral. Robbery was not considered immoral unless you stole goods from your own kinsmen.

This was a savage and brutal society in which only the strong would survive and weak were either eliminated or exploited. Infanticide was a normal way of population control. Indeed, women, like slaves, had no human or legal rights. Although property was sometimes inherited by women, men married them to take away their legal inheritance.

When the Arabs of that period fought their battles, they made no distinction between combatants and non-combatants, women and children or old and disabled.

In such a savage and unregulated society, our beloved Prophet (saw) stands out as a refreshing example of the protector of the weak and laid down the rules of combat.

Ibn Hisham states that the Holy Prophet (saw) , the beneficiary for mankind, sent out an expedition to face a Bedouin tribe that had occupied Madinite territories with the historical and memorable words, “In no case shall you use deceit, nor shall you kill any child.” When dispatching his troops against the Byzantines, the Holy Prophet (saw) instructed them:

• Never injure the weak in avenging the injuries inflicted upon us.
• Do not molest the harmless inmates of domestic seclusion or people devoted to any religion.
• Spare the women, children and old people.
• Do not injure the infants at the breast, or those who are ill in bed.
• Abstain from demolishing the dwellings of the unresisting inhabitants.
• Do not destroy their means of subsistence, nor their fruit trees and touch not the palm tree.
• No animal should be killed.
• Do not disfigure your enemy by cutting off their nose, ears or other organs.

The complete list is much longer and more elaborate. It covers the treatment of prisoners of war and their remission. It is important to remember that the above instructions were not a result of any agreement but self-imposed rules to respect the old, the innocent, the disadvantaged, the infirm and respect God’s creatures and preserve the environment.

The Western world first made an international agreement on the conduct of warfare in 1864 and called it Geneva Convention. It was ratified in 1906. But it was not until 1950 and again in 1978 that it was extended to include rights of non-combatants and protection to civilians. The world forgets that it was the humanity of one great man of Arabia, whose every heartbeat, every thought and every action was a mercy for mankind and who gave this Charter to the world 1300 years before the West even thought about it.

As I said in the beginning, our beloved Prophet of Islam (saw) came as a Mercy for mankind and provided protection to the weak and freed humanity that was held under bondage. By his very example, he showed how mutual love, tolerance and understanding can make diverse societies live together.

We only have to look at the life of the Prophet (saw) when he migrated to Madinah after suffering years of persecution in Makkah. Madinite society consisted of Muslims, Jews, pagans and Christians. He entered into an agreement or a treaty known as Meethaq-ul-Madinah. This document has been carefully preserved in the pages of Ibn Hisham. The Covenant of Madinah clearly shows the genius of the Holy Prophet (saw) . In this regard, William Muir called the Holy Prophet (saw) ‘A master-mind, not only of his own age but of all ages.’

The document is long and detailed and needs separate treatment. Suffice to say, that this first document between a heterogeneous society and Muslims gave full and equal rights to non-Muslims.

The above Covenant that the Holy Prophet (saw) had written down fourteen centuries ago established the freedom of faith and opinion, sanctity of human life and property and forbiddance of crime.

It was around the 6th year after Hijrah that the Holy Prophet (saw) granted to the monks of the monastery of Saint Catherine near mount Sinai and to all Christians a Charter which is still known as one of the noblest evidences of enlightened tolerance that the history of mankind can produce. This remarkable document that has been preserved by the historians of Islam, shows a wonderful breadth of liberality. By this, the Holy Prophet (saw) secured for Christians the privileges and immu-nities that they never possessed under the rules of their own kings. The Charter is very detailed but some of the provisions show the merciful nature and the greatness of character of the Holy Prophet (saw) . The Charter enjoins all Muslims to protect the Christians and defend their churches. The Holy Prophet (saw) declared that any Muslim violating or abusing his orders should be regarded as violator of God’s testament, a transgressor of God’s commandment and His faith.

Let those who allege that Islam was spread by force, remember that Islam protected the fundamental rights of all religions and respected and defended them against violence.

The scholars agree that as long as the Muslims followed the above teachings, they ruled over a large part of the world for 1000 years. But when they forgot, their decline started.

Alas! Muslim of today have forgotten the Sunnah of the beloved Prophet (saw) and have started to preach and practise sectarianism thus shattering the unity of the Ummah that the Holy Prophet (saw) strived to put together in his life-time.

It is not possible to give all the details or a comprehensive vision of the kindness to mankind that the Holy Prophet (saw) rendered or deal with the social and spiritual revolution that he brought for humanity. Even in his last Sermon, he was thinking of the Rights of Mankind. In fact his last sermon is a Charter of Human Rights the like of which was adopted by civilised nations in 1948.

The Sermon emphasised to Muslims the regard of others and the regard of life and property, equal rights of men and women and their mutual obligations, the rights of slaves, their equal treatment and their right to freedom, the equality of mankind irrespective of colour, creed or national affiliations. And so it con-tinues to lay down rules and guidance for mankind to live in peace and harmony.

Besides the above reforms, our beloved Prophet Muhammad (saw) was always and at every opportunity thinking of the justice and social welfare of the people. The Bait-ul-Maal , or the public treasury, was meant to help the poor, the disabled and disadvantaged. His followers followed his injunctions faithfully as can be seen from one remark of Hadhrat ‘Umar, the Second Khalifa (ra) (spiritual successor) to the Holy Prophet (saw) . He once said:

“ If I know that a dog on the banks of River Tigris has gone to sleep hungry, then I have been negligent in my duty.”

His emphasis on education that you must seek knowledge even if you have to travel to China, is another guidance that only now the world has started to realise.

His emphasis on social justice and on justice is exemplary and unique. His practice of charity is a model for all of us. He used to give everything away and kept nothing back. After his demise, nothing of value was found in his house.

Indeed, the figure of Holy Prophet Muhammad (saw) as a guide of men in this world and the next and his multiple role of ‘prophet’ and guide of men and ruler of a new social order can only be compared with prophet-kings of the Old Testament, to David (ra) or Solomon (ra) and especially to Abraham (ra) himself.

In the capacity of a prophet, a father and a ruler of a State, he transformed a barbaric and uncivilised society into a disci-plined, tolerant, humanitarian society that went on to leave its mark on the world history and his commandments are still guidance and inspiration for billions of Muslims all over the world. That is why it is absolutely essential for us to follow in his footsteps if we aspire towards spiritual realisation. He indeed was a mercy to mankind!

My rendering will not be complete without expressing the emotions and feelings of the Promised Messiah (as) , the true servant of the Holy Prophet (saw) , for his Master and Guide. He says:

‘O Allah! send down your blessings on Your Prophet and on Your Beloved, The Chief of all Prophets, Superior to all, Best among the Messenger and the Seal of the Prophets, Muhammad (saw) and his people and his Companions and shower Your blessings and peace upon them.’ ( Baraheen-e-Ahmadiyyah , pp.256-265, footnote 11)

The love that the Holy Prophet (saw) gave to humanity and his kindness towards all the creations of Allah, make it obligatory upon all Muslims to feel gratitude and love for him.

Allah and His angels send blessings on the Prophet. O ye who believe, you also should invoke blessings on him and salute him with the salutation of peace. (Ch.33:V.57)

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16 comments, cancel reply.

I like this page and it is full of information of the Holy Prophet(saw). May God Bless you, whoever wrote this.

I love my Holy Prophet(saw) so much and this page is very informative for all of us.

I love the Holy Prophet(saw) and this page’s writer has done Sadqa-e-Jariya.

Mashaallah, well written.

Allahumma salli alaa Muhammadin wa ala aali Muhammadin.

May Allah enable us to be his true followers.

The speech is so wonderful

I am really impressed and this is so good. I know everything about the Holy Prophet(saw) with the help of the above topic. Thanks

MashaAllah, this gave a clear understanding of how the Holy Prophet Muhammad(saw) struggled for the sake of humanity. May Allah guide all humans to follow in Muhammad(saw)’s footsteps.

Thank you, Salaam Alaikum.

Amazing speech MashaAllah

MashaAllah, it is written with the love of the Holy Prophet(saw) in the heart.

Excellent speech. I liked it very much.

This note is amazing! I love it from my heart!

This topic increased my knowledge about the Holy Prophet(saw) and I liked it very much.

SubhanAllah very lovely essay.

Good information and a very well written essay.

I really like this page very much.

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