sexual harassment essay tagalog

• Healthy Relationships
• Signs of a healthy relationship
• Warning signs of an unhealthy relationship
• Domestic, family and sexual violence
• Sexual violence
• Domestic and family violence
• Children and young people
• Financial abuse
• Image-based abuse
• Legal abuse
• Physical abuse
• Psychological abuse
• Reproductive abuse
• Social abuse
• Spiritual abuse
• Stalking and monitoring
• Support and resources
• Mental health
• Promoting 1800RESPECT
• Safety apps for your digital devices
• Safety planning
• Supporting someone
• Technology and safety
• Using violence
• Violence and the law
• For professionals
• All past webinars
• Case studies and articles
• Inclusive practice
• Introduction to responding
• Leadership and management
• Resources and tools
• Training and professional development
• Work-induced stress and trauma
• Find Services
• About the 1800RESPECT Service Directory
• Services overview
• Contacting 1800RESPECT - what to expect
• Request for Information
• General and media enquiries
• Complaints, compliments and general feedback

Ano ang seksuwal na panghahalay (sexual assault)?

Ang pag-unawa sa seksuwal na panghahalay ay makakatulong sa aming tumugon.

Ang seksuwal na panghahalay ay  anumang seksuwal o ginawang seksuwal (sexualized) na kilos na magreresulta upang ang isang tao ay makaramdam na hindi siya komportable, nasisindak o natatakot siya. Ito ay isang kilos na hindi inakit o pinili ng isang tao.

Ang seksuwal na panghahalay ay isang pagkakanulo ng tiwala at pagkakaila sa karapatan na mayroon ang bawat tao upang magpasiya tungkol sa kung ano ang mangyayari sa kanyang katawan. Ang seksuwal na panghahalay ay isang pang-aabuso ng karapatan at kapangyarihan.

Ang seksuwal na panghahalay ay maaaring isagawa sa mga taong nasa wastong gulang at mga bata, babae, at lalaki, at mga taong iba't iba ang pinaggagalingan.

Ang seksuwal na panghahalay ay maaari ring tawagin bilang seksuwal na pang-aabuso o seksuwal na karahasan. Ang mga salitang ginagamit upang ilarawan ang seksuwal na panghahalay, kagaya ng panggagahasa at seksuwal na pang-aabuso, ay parehong may pangkalahatang kahulugan kapag ginagamit sa pang-araw-araw na pag-uusap at isang partikular na kahulugan kapag ginagamit upang ilarawan ang partikular na mga kriminal na seksuwal na pagkakasala (criminal sexual offense). Sa website na ito, ginagamit namin ang mga salita sa pangkalahatang paraan at upang magbigay ng pangkalahatang impormasyon lamang.

Kung sa tingin mo na ginawa ang isang kriminal na seksuwal na pagkakasala at gusto mong magreklamo, maaaring naisin mong humiling ng karagdagang payo. Magagawa mo ito sa pamamagitan ng pagkontak sa  serbisyo para sa seksuwal na panghahalay sa iyong lugar [sa Ingles] , sa pulis, iyong doktor o isang pribadong abogado. Maaaring isang salik (factor) ang oras at ang mga serbisyong ito ay makakapagbigay ng impormasyon tungkol sa mga karapatan at mga opsiyon.

Nangyayari ang seksuwal na panghahalay sa maraming anyo

Ang pag-unawa kung ano ang seksuwal na panghahalay ay tumutulong sa amin upang tumugon kapag binunyag ng isang kaibigan, miyembro ng pamilya o kliyente na sila ay hinalay. Ang sumusunod na listahan ay ilang mga halimbawa ng seksuwal na panghahalay:

Seksuwal na panliligalig.

Hindi gustong paghipo o paghalik.

Pinuwersa o pinilit na mga seksuwal na aktibidad o mga aktibidad na kaugnay sa pagtatalik, kabilang ang mga aktibidad na nagsasangkot ng karahasan o pananakit.

Paglalantad ng mga ari katulad ng 'flashing'.

Paniniktik (stalking)

Pinapanood ng isang tao na wala ang iyong pahintulot kapag ikaw ay nakahubad o nagsasagawa ng mga seksuwal na aktibidad.

Ang pagpapaskil ng mga seksuwal na imahe sa Internet nang wala ang iyong pagsang-ayon.

Pinuwersa o pinilit ng isang tao na manood o sumali sa pornograpiya.

Pag-spike ng mga inumin, o paggamit ng mga droga o alkohol, upang mabawasan o pahinain ang kakayahan ng isang tao na gumawa ng mga pagpipilian tungkol sa pakikipagtalik o seksuwal na aktibidad.

Pakikipagtalik sa isang taong tulog, o labis na apektado ng alkohol at/o iba pang mga gamot.

Malaswa o nagpapahiwatig ng kahalayang mga biro, kuwento o pagpapakita ng mga ginawang seksuwal na mga litrato, bilang bahagi ng isang pattern ng namimilit, nananakot o mapagsamantalang pag-uugali.

Panggagahasa (ang pagtagos ng anumang butas gamit ang anumang bagay)

Ang 'pag-groom" ng isang bata o taong mahina upang makisali sa mga seksuwal na aktibidad ng anumang uri.

Anumang seksuwal na kilos kasama ng isang bata.

Ang seksuwal na panghahalay ay hindi pareho ng seksuwal na pagpapahayag. Ang seksuwal na panghahalay ay isang hindi gustong mga seksuwal na pag-uugali o kilos na gumagamit ng pananakot, pamimilit, o puwersa upang gamitin ang kapangyarihan o ipagkaila ang karapatan ng isang tao upang pumili. Ang seksuwal na panghahalay o pang-aabuso ay maaaring isang beses na pangyayari, o bahagi ng isang pattern ng karahasan. Ito ay may isang hanay ng mga epekto, kabilang ang pisikal, emosyonal at sikolohikal na mga epekto.

Mga katotohanan tungkol sa seksuwal na panghahalay

Naririto ang ilang mahalagang bagay na dapat malaman tungkol sa seksuwal na panghahalay:

Karamihan sa mga seksuwal na panghahalay ay isinasagawa ng mga lalaki laban sa mga babae at mga bata.

Nakakaranas rin ang mga lalaki ng seksuwal na panghahalay; na karamihang isinasagawa ng iba pang mga lalaki.

Karamihan sa mga taong nakakaranas ng seksuwal na panghahalay ay kilala, o nakilala kamakailan lang, ang tagagawa ng panghahalay.

Ang ilang mga kilos ng seksuwal na panghahalay ay mga kriminal na pagkakasala (criminal offense) rin.

Ang pag-ulat sa pulis ay maaaring isang mahirap na desisyon. Ang mga limitasyon ng ating sistema ng hustisya, at ang paraan kung paano kinokolekta ang ebidensiya ay maaaring nakakatakot harapin.

Ang reaksiyon ng mga taong nakakaranas ng seksuwal na panghahalay ay maaaring iba-iba, paminsan-minsan mayroon silang matinding emosyon, paminsan-minsan umuurong sila. Ang pag-unawa sa trauma ng karahasan sa pagitan ng mga tao ay makakatulong sa ating tumugon sa angkop sa paraan.

Ang seksuwal na panghahalay ay isang pang-aabuso ng mga kawalan ng balanse ng kapangyarihan na umiiral sa lipunan. 

• Karamihan sa mga seksuwal na panghahalay ay hindi iniuulat sa pulis.

Ang mga epekto ng seksuwal na panghahalay

Ang karahasan sa pagitan ng mga tao, katulad ng seksuwal na panghahalay, ay kabilang sa pinakatraumatikong pangyayari na mararanasan ng isang tao. Ang pagtugon sa mga agarang pangangailangan ng biktima/nakaligtas sa pamamagitan ng paniniwala sa kanila at pagtrato nito nang seryoso, ay makakatulong upang mabawasan ang karagdagang pinsala. Ang pagpapatuloy sa pagsuporta sa mga tao habang gumagaling sila ay napakamahalaga rin, at mahalagang gawin ito sa sarili nilang paraan at sa sarili nilang panahon.

Kung gusto mo ng karagdagang impormasyon sa pagsuporta sa biktima/nakaligtas, tingnan ang pahina ng  Paano susuportahan ang isang taong nakaranas ng seksuwal na panghahalay .

Paano ko susuportahan ang isang taong nakakaranas ng seksuwal na panghahalay?

Karaniwan ang seksuwal na panghahalay – humigit-kumulang isa sa limang babae ay makakaranas ng seksuwal na panghahalay. May mga praktikal na bagay na magagawa mo upang makatulong.

Developed with:  Victorian Centres Against Sexual Assault

• News and media

Funded by the Australian Government Department of Social Services (DSS). © 2024 Australian Government or Telstra Health Pty Ltd

• Pagkilala Sa Katawan
• Relationships
• Sekswalidad
• Contraception
• HIV at STIs

PAD-Ibig Diaries

• Educational Services

Ano Ang Sexual Harassment?

May maraming anyo ang sexual harassment at pwedeng mangyari ito sa maski anong lugar o sitwasyon, sa babae man o lalaki. Hindi lang panghihipo ang maituturing na sexual harassment. Kabilang din dito ang bullying na nakakasakit ng tao sa pamamagitan ng mga sekswal o malisyosong mga biro, komento, chismis, o kilos na tungkol o nakadirekta sa ibang tao.

Kung biktima ng sexual harassment, tandaan na hindi mo ito kasalanan. Ano pa man ang kilos o suot ng isang tao, hindi ‘yon imbitasyon para bastusin sa kahit anong paraan.

Kung nakakaranas ng sexual harassment, magsabi sa pinagkakatiwalaang kaibigan o pamilya, o kaya i-report sa awtoridad.

Narito ang isang video na hinanda namin para pag-usapan ang topic na ito.

Sa tulong ng the Australian and New Zealand Association (ANZA), mayroon na tayo ngayong mga libre at tamang impormasyon tungkol sa sexual at reproductive health — sa wikang mas pamilyar sa atin– sa pamamagitan ng mga Amaze.org videos na isinalin sa Tagalog!

——————

I-like, i-share, at mag-subscribe sa Ugat ng Kalusugan Youtube Channel para updated ka sa mga bagong videos: https://bit.ly/3ELvEcw

Share This Post

Related articles.

Ano ang Sexual Orientation?

Size matters: Normal ba ang size ng titi ko?

Pagtigas ni Pototoy: Ano, paano, at bakit normal lang ito

Pakikipagkaibigan habang nasa teenage years

Chismis o Check: Walang lunas ang HIV?

Ang Anatomy ng Babae

Wet Dream: Ano Ito at Bakit Nangyayari?

Pagladlad Bilang LGBTQIA+: Ano at Paano Ito?

© 2021 Ugat ng Kalusugan - All Rights Reserved

Plan International's websites

Find the Plan International website you are looking for in this list

bawal bastos: pilipino ay magalang

Join the movement to end gender-based sexual harassment and violence..

Browse through the campaign resources below and advocate for #SafeSpacesNow.

Recognising the role of media in the promotion of Safe Spaces for all, the ‘Bawal Bastos: Pilipino ay Magalang’ initiative by Plan International Philippines makes available various information, education and communication materials for organisations to promote and use on digital and traditional media platforms.

ABOUT THE CAMPAIGN

In 2019, the Philippines passed the Safe Spaces Act (SSA), a law that protects girls and young women from getting harassed in public spaces, in the workplace, in educational and training institutions, and online. Dubbed the “Bawal Bastos Law”, SSA defines gender-based sexual harassment (GBSH) in streets, public spaces, online, workplaces, and educational or training institutions. 

Plan International Philippines aims to support and work with various partners to promote and protect the rights of women and children through an awareness campaign.

The ‘Bawal Bastos: Pilipino ay Magalang’ initiative aims to contribute to the localisation of the law through campaign materials designed for digital and traditional media. Organisations and individuals are encouraged to use these materials for dissemination in their respective channels to strengthen visibility and raise awareness for the Safe Spaces Act.

What is the Safe Spaces Act?

The Safe Spaces Act or the Bawal Bastos Law penalises all forms of gender-based sexual harassment in streets and public spaces, including workplaces and schools, as well as in online spaces.

The crimes of gender-based sexual harassment (GBSH) are committed through any unwanted and uninvited sexual actions or remarks against any person regardless of the motive.

Take action.

You can take a stand by:

• Empowering everyone against gender-based violence and sexual harassment,
• Campaigning for solidarity in making spaces safe for all people,
• Report incidents of gender-based violence and sexual harassment that you witness.

Everyone has the responsibility to respect the rights of other people. Everyone has a role to play in ending GBSH. Dahil lahat may magagawa, lahat makikinabang.

Downloadables.

Anyone can use the ‘Bawal Bastos: Pilipino ay Magalang’ materials. These materials should work to help raise awareness on what constitutes gender-based violence and sexual harassment and how to report or respond accordingly, by providing clear information on the available reporting mechanisms and support pathways. They can be used:

• On social media
• On visible spaces (i.e., public transport vehicles, communal areas, hallways, etc.)
• As handouts to employees, students, commuters, mall-goers, etc. 
• As resources for webinars, trainings, and other capacity-building activities

partner with us

For inquiries on collaboration and other concerns about this program, you may reach out to:

Kassandra Barnes Communications Specialist, Plan International Philippines [email protected]

IF YOU ARE IN IMMEDIATE DANGER, CALL 911 OR CONTACT PNP HOTLINE AND WCPC: (632)8532 66 90 | ALENG PULIS HOTLINE: 0919 777 7377  

Cookie preferences updated. Close

This popup will be triggered by a user clicking something on the page.

Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer.

To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds to  upgrade your browser .

Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link.

• We're Hiring!
• Help Center

Victim Blaming Culture in the Philippines: A Hindering Factor to the Unresolved Battles of Sexual Abused Individuals

Sexual Abused victim-survivors are often met with a barrage of questions after coming forward. Famously, “what were you wearing?” is one of them (Ramos, 2021). Many of the Sexual Abused Victims were afraid of coming forward as they fear of being re-victimized by the Victim Blaming Culture. Through this study, the researchers explore the experiences and struggles of sexually abused individuals towards the victim blaming culture to determine the assumption of the researchers that the victim blaming culture is one factor in the unresolved battles of Sexual Abused Individuals. The researchers used qualitative research with open-ended questions through Google Form as the main instrument to gather data from five chosen informants around the Philippines. Within the study, there were three research questions formed. The first problem is to determine how the Victim Blaming Culture manifests in the lives of Filipino people. The second problem was how Victim Blaming Culture hampers the progress of the Sexual Abuse cases in the Philippines. The last problem aimed to know the deep emotions and mental struggles the Victims of Sexual Abuse have encountered after becoming a victim of Victim Blaming. The researchers have made use of coding to interpret the statements of the informants. Results show that victim blaming culture is a hindering factor to the unresolved battles of Sexual Abuse Victims. It made them build a social barrier to distance themselves from society and undergo mental struggles. With this said, it was recommended for the Government to exert efforts to solve this issue to prevent victims from encountering victim blaming culture. Keywords: Victim Blaming Culture, Sexual Abuse, Social Barrier, Mental Struggles

Related Papers

Karen Quing

Correspondence *Corresponding Author. Email: [email protected] Abstract Sexual violence is a catastrophic phenomenon that most women encounter worldwide. However, the stigma surrounding the victims of sexual violence often leads to a culture of silence, causing the number of such cases to be underreported, leading to limited sexual violence-related studies. With this, the goal of this study is to contribute additional information on the experiences of Filipino victims with sexual violence, its impacts, and their coping mechanisms. Ten Filipino women, who were victims of sexual violence, were interviewed in this study. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the gathered data. Themes on their experiences, the effects of sexual violence, and their coping mechanisms were formulated and presented in this study. The study showed that the most common type of sexual violence experienced by the participants was rape. They also reported feelings of fear during and after the abuse. Feelings of...

University of Birmingham

Dr Jessica Taylor

Victim blaming and self-blame are common experiences for women who have been subjected to sexual violence (Gravelin, Beirnat & Bucher, 2019). This thesis employs a comprehensive mixed-methods approach from a critical realist feminist epistemology. Chapter one introduces victim blaming and self-blame of women, including rationale for the language and terminology used in this thesis. Chapter two presents a review of the literature of victim blaming of women and chapter three sets out the methodology of the thesis. Chapter four presents the exploration and initial development of a new measure of victim Blaming of Women Subjected to Sexual Violence and Abuse (BOWSVA Scale). Chapter five and six present two qualitative studies exploring the language used to construct the victim blaming and self-blame of women, the first study from the perspective of women subjected to sexual violence and the second from the perspective of professionals who work in sexual violence support. The three studies result in a final discussion proposing a new integrated model of victim blaming of women and further findings about the victim blaming of women in society, self-blame of women after sexual violence and the way language constructs the blame of women.

Proceedings of the Asia-Pacific Research in Social Sciences and Humanities Universitas Indonesia Conference (APRISH 2019)

Prof. Billy Sarwono

MD GOLAM AZAM

Rape is being alarming condition in Bangladesh day by day. It is the most common and vicious form of violence against woman in Bangladesh. Rape culture and the practice of victim blaming are inherently linked phenomena, the existence of a rape culture which normalizes sexual violence and blames rape victims for the attacks against them create cultural violence in Bangladesh. Along with the trauma experienced by rape victims due to their assault, many victims also suffer secondary victimization due to the negative reactions of those around them. Among these negative reactions, perhaps the most damaging is the tendency to blame victims for their assault, particularly in cases of acquaintance rape. The current research explores the role of rape culture coverage in promoting a victim blaming culture in the Bangladesh. In Study, I review the literature related to rape and rape culture in order to identify factors and influences contributing to rape-supportive beliefs and behaviors in society at large, including the ways in which women’s lives are impacted by the constant threat of rape and how male socialization contributes to and normalizes this threat. Then I try to explore about factors of rape culture in Bangladesh society based on discourse and content analyses of online comments on report related to rape and rape cultures. The study also emphasis on victim of the rape, blaming the victims, denial of gender aspects violence, denial of rape culture, anti- feminism etc. In Study, I demonstrated that people’s victim blaming tendencies by analysis of comments on social media. Specifically, following exposure to rape related news, participants were more likely to blame the victim of an unrelated case of sexual assault, and to endorse rape myths. The findings of this research demonstrate public perception of rape victims, particularly victims of acquaintance rape. In this study, I also demonstrated about the relation between rape culture and cultural violence. I try to prove here existing rape culture contribute in cultural violence by the increase of sexual assaults, victim blaming, dehumanization of women.

Rajagiri Journal of Social Sciences

Simply because she is a female the average Indian woman is likely to be variously a victim of feticide, infanticide, malnourishment, dowry, child marriage, maternal mortality, domestic servitude, prostitution, rape, honor killings and/or domestic violence. The stereo types of perception for the rape victims which are highly prevalent in a society like India prevent the rehabilitation of the victim back into society. Social workers are a part of the multidisciplinary team which works in a scenario both to prevent instances of rape and at the same time is responsible for the effective rehabilitation of the victims back into society. However, the prejudiced mindset of the social worker will affect the rehab services which are being provided to the victims and also to the perpetrators. It hence becomes mandatory to analyse social life to understand the prevalence of rape myth acceptance and victim blaming attitudes which are prevalent among social workers. This study compares the prevalence of rape myth acceptance and victim-blaming attitudes among male and female social work trainees. It was revealed that the female respondents have a slightly more negative attitude towards the victims as compared to the male respondents. The fact however remains that both male and female respondents were victim blaming and had rape myth acceptance attitudes. This in turn points to the prevalence of poor quality professional social services which adversely affect the rehabilitation of the rape victims.

Prof. (Dr.) Anuradha Parasar

Millennium Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences ISSN: 2708-8022 (ONLINE) 2708-8014 (PRINT)

Gender discrimination against women is a prevalent issue in Bangladesh, but sometimes it is concealed. Rape cases, also known as-sexual abuse‖ in many cultures, are a special insidious type of sexual harassment. In other contexts, when you are familiarizing with the lifestyle of women, as a social worker it is likely to see victims of sexual abuse due to a large number of abusive offenders. Global WHO figures suggest that about 1 in 3 (35%) of women around the world endure physical and sexually intimate relationships or non-partner sexual abuse during their lives. Domestic abuse is the most heinous form of violence. Approximately one third (30%) of all women who have a relationship comment on physical and sexual harassment witnessed by their intimate partner nationwide. This review investigates several peer-reviewed journals and articles that have been developed for the comprehensive understanding of domestic abuse as rape. Still, this issue of rape must be addressed within and outside the scope of domestic violence. More experiments are conducted with a focus for future studies. The major argument of this review is that while raped women are suffering from the permanent effects of psychological and emotional damage, the issue of rape is not the problem of women. It is squarely a man's problem. As a society, victim allegation is preached as a flame, but the issue is with ancestors and older generations' minds and opinions. On a conclusive note, strategies for rape prevention have been discussed. It is crucial to recognize and increasingly teach young children about the effects of sexual harassment and how traditions can be changed to avoid social stigma.

Istanbul University - DergiPark

Tutut Chusniyah

Natti Ronel , Moshe Bensimon , Prof. Jaishankar Karupannan

The following chapters are grouped in three sections: Justice for victims, issues of sexual victimization, and illustrated examples of victimization. The first section targets perception and the process of change in perception as they affect victimology and justice for victims. In Chapter One, Noach Milgram postulated that ideology is inherent in perception and critical in understanding the mind set of victims. Ideology, whether manifest or below awareness, contributes to the construction of perceptions and proactive and reactive behavior. Noach provides innovative and provocative illustrations of the power of ideology in his studies on battered women and victims of Palestinian terrorism. Uri Timor proposes in Chapter Two a different view by challenging the perceptions that underlie etributive punishment. Uri presents an alternative solution to the conflict between offender and victim that is based on Jewish theoretical formulations and restorative approaches. He advocates transferring at least partial responsibility for the offender-victim conflict to the prevailing social order; this recommendation is consistent with Jewish tradition attributing to the community some degree of responsibility for the transgressions that take place within its confines. Esther Shachaf-Friedman and Uri Timor present in Chapter Three, findings from a study of victims’ perceptions in family–group conferences with juvenile delinquents. Based on the analysis of these perceptions, Esthi and Uri suggest practical guidelines to prepare and implement restorative justice processes in victim-focused intervention. The same pragmatic victim-needs and rights approach was presented by Sharon Aharoni-Goldenberg and Yael Wilchek-Aviad in Chapter Four on restitution to victims of property offences. Victim-focused restitution is contrasted with the prevalent legal procedures applied to property offenders that do not help the direct victims, according to Sharon and Yael. In the fifth and final chapter in this section, K. Jaishankar, P. Madhava Soma Sundaram and Debarati Halder describe and discuss the position of the victim in ancient, medieval, British and modern India; the authors analyze the role of Malimath Committee in restoring the forgotten voices of crime victims in the Indian criminal justice system. Jai, Madhavan and Debarati illustrate the process of change that a developing society goes through when attempting to adopt the thought of modern victimology, and at the same time, to integrate it with ancient Indian wisdom. Sexual harm and offences usually leave distinctive mark on individuals who were sexually victimized. The sexual violation of intrapersonal intimacy calls for particular understanding and intervention. The second section addresses this issue specifically. Yifat Bitton offers in Chapter Six a feminist perception of the treatment of women victims of sexual violence in the justice system that is needed to prevent further victimization and to overcome the consequences of the initial victimization. Yifat calls for reorientation of tort litigation to enable women victims of sexual violence to reclaim the power that was brutally taken from them. Hadar Dancig-Rosenberg highlights the gap between therapeutic dialogue and legal dialogue in Chapter Seven and calls for accommodating existing judicial processes to the unique needs of sexual assault victims. Hadar suggests that while the adversarial system of judicial procedures is likely to remain, it must undergo reforms that will advance therapeutic goals in behalf of the victims. Inna Levy and Sarah Ben-David broadens in Chapter Eight the discussion on sexual victimization by focusing on a neglected group, the “innocent” bystanders. Reviewing theoretical and empirical literature, Inna and Sarah address the way bystanders are perceived and offer models of bystander blaming. In Chapter Nine, P. Madhava Soma Sundaram, K. Jaishankar and Megha Desai address sexual harassment in the modern work places in India. In their empirical pilot research, Madhavan, Jai and Megha describe the prevalence and characteristics of sexual harassment in a major Indian city, Mumbai. In the final chapter of this section, Chapter Ten, Sarah Ben-David and Ili Goldberg present the results of a study of male prisoners. Their study establishes the relationship of past traumatizing experiences in sexual offenders, their PTSD symptoms and drug dependency, and their own perpetration of sexual crimes. Sarah and Ili found that prisoners who were sexually abused in the past and who developed a cognitive avoidance style tended to become sexual offenders as adults, while those who developed drug dependency tend to exhibit non-specific criminal behavior. The third section of the book illustrates and analyses several examples of victimization. In an empirical research design, Avital Laufer and Mally Shechory investigated in Chapter Eleven distress levels in Israeli youth, 18 months after they were forced to leave their homes during the Israeli government mandated disengagement from the Gaza Strip. Avital and Mally found direct relationships between perception of the traumatic experience, feelings of alienation, and distress level. In Chapter Twelve, Nandini Rai presents a novel focus on known phenomena. She offers a socio-geographical analysis of the distribution of criminal victimization from the perspective of places with specific identities. Nandini asserts that reduced social interaction and a decline in mutual trust in the society make the places of interaction unsafe. In Chapter Thirteen, Ehud Bodner reviews the major factors in the etiology of suicide among soldiers and in the failure of professional authorities to provide help to soldiers at risk. Soldiers who attempt suicide may be perceived and consequently treated as disturbed youth who are trying to manipulate others rather than as victims of their own suffering. Ehud presents some practical suggestions for the prevention of suicidal behaviors in soldiers. K. Jaishankar, Megha Desai and P. Madhava Soma Sundaram target in Chapter Fourteen the stalking phenomenon in India and relate this form of victimization to a transformation in social-cultural perception of this phenomenon. Jai, Megha and Madhavan present results from a survey of college students that indicate patterns of repeated intrusions and harassment techniques. They document victim reluctance to report this behavior, and effects of stalking on the victims. In the closing chapter in this section, Chapter Fifteen, Brenda Geiger presents a qualitative research of domestically abused Druze women, a group whose voice is rarely heard. These women have to struggle on two fronts: (a) to content with their abusive spouses; and (b) to contend with the context-relevant ideology, norms and perceptions of their extended families. Their family attempts to force them to reconcile with the abusive spouse and to reconcile themselves to continued abuse. As Noach Milgram indicated in the opening chapter of this book, ideology may deny the natural human rights of victims. Brenda presents, however, an optimistic picture of the struggle of abused Druze women and their successful claim for rights and power.

Frontiers in Psychology

Juan M Rodríguez-díaz

Several studies have examined victim blaming in rape scenarios. However, there is limited research on the analysis of the perception of blame when two or more perpetrators are involved. The present article explores the perception of blame in cases involving rape based on the level of resistance shown by the victim and the presence of one or more perpetrators. A study was carried out involving 351 university students who responded to a survey after reading a hypothetical assault scenario. Six situations were established where the victim showed either low or high resistance, depending on whether the resistance was verbal or physical and verbal, and in the presence of one or two male perpetrators. It is expected that perpetrators are more culpable when acting in groups and that less resistance from the victim leads to greater attribution of blame. The results confirm that more blame is attributed to the perpetrators when they act in groups than when they act alone. Likewise, women cons...

Loading Preview

Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. You can download the paper by clicking the button above.

RELATED PAPERS

Aggression and Violent Behavior

Madeleine van der Bruggen

Gender Equality: International Journal of Child and Gender Studies

Saiful Akmal

Ariman Sitompul

Journal of Sexual Aggression

Leif Strömwall

Socio-psychological Conditions of the Rape Victims: An Exploratory Study of Tangali District, Bangladesh

Mohammed J A H I R U L Islam

Women's Health – Open Journal

Dr. Emmanuel E.Nwusulor

NLUJ, Jodhpur

Michelle A Ryan

Jurilex Maglinte , Marc Eric S . Reyes

Liceo de Cagayan University Journal

JEZYL C E M P R O N CUTAMORA

peggy freeman

HUMANISMA : Journal of Gender Studies

Vinita Susanti

Journal of academic research for humanities

JARH Print & Online ResearchJournal for Humanities

Review of Women's Studies

Nila Widya Keswara

Caroline Whitlow

Emma Sleath

Journal of Child Sexual Abuse

stefan bogaerts

Claire Gravelin

Psychosocial Intervention

Enrique Gracia , Marisol Lila

William Arfman

Violence Against Women

Enrique Gracia

Social Problems , Joseph E. Davis

IJCRT - International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts (IJCRT)

Dr J R Gaur

International Review of Victimology

Simha Landau

RELATED TOPICS

•   We're Hiring!
•   Help Center
• Find new research papers in:
• Health Sciences
• Earth Sciences
• Cognitive Science
• Mathematics
• Computer Science
• Academia ©2024

• Agri-Commodities
• Asean Economic Community
• Banking & Finance
• Business Sense
• Entrepreneur
• Executive Views
• Export Unlimited
• Harvard Management Update
• Monday Morning
• Mutual Funds
• Stock Market Outlook
• The Integrity Initiative
• Editorial cartoon
• Design&Space
• Digital Life
• 360° Review
• Biodiversity
• Climate Change
• Environment
• Envoys & Expats
• Health & Fitness
• Mission: PHL
• Perspective
• Today in History
• Tony&Nick
• When I Was 25
• Wine & Dine
• Live & In Quarantine
• Bulletin Board
• Public Service
• The Broader Look

Today’s front page, Thursday, August 8, 2024

• Covid-19 Updates
• Photo Gallery

Sexual harassment

• Atty. Lorna Patajo-Kapunan
• November 26, 2017
• 4 minute read

The recent string of sexual misconduct allegations that have rocked Hollywood, the media and Capitol Hill, have spurred greater awareness beyond the high-profile predators. Weeks after the first stories broke alleging that Hollywood producer Henry Weinstein engaged in decades-long pattern of sexual harassment (he denies it), the list of men accused of similar acts keeps getting longer ( www.cnn.comPeggyDrexler : “Are Men Really Clueless About Sexual Harassment?”)

Why do men generally appear to be clueless about sexual harassment? President Duterte himself was under fire after wolf whistling at a reporter in a Press Conference held in May 2016 and defending himself days later saying that it was “not a sexual thing” (Rappler IQ published June 24, 2016).

The concept of sexual harassment is clear under Philippine Law. In the Philippines, sexual harassment is defined by Republic Act (RA) 7877 or the “Anti-Sexual Harassment Act of 1995.” Section 3 thereof provides:

“SEC. 3. Work, Education or Training-related Sexual Harassment Defined.— Work, education or training-related sexual harassment is committed by an employer, employee, manager, supervisor, agent of the employer, teacher, instructor, professor, coach, trainer or any other person who, having authority, influence or moral ascendancy over another in a work or training or education environment, demands, requests or otherwise requires any sexual favor from the other, regardless of whether the demand, request or requirement for submission is accepted by the object of said Act.

(a) In a work-related or employment environment, sexual harassment is committed when:

(1.) The sexual favor is made as a condition in the hiring or in the employment, reemployment or continued employment of said individual, or in granting said individual favorable compensation, terms, conditions, promotions or privileges, or if the refusal to grant the sexual favor results in limiting, segregating or classifying the employee, which in any way would discriminate, deprive or diminish employment opportunities or otherwise adversely affect said employee: xxx

(b) In an education or training environment, sexual harassment is committed:

(1) Against one who is under the care, custody or supervision of the offender;

(2) Against one whose education, training, apprenticeship or tutorship is entrusted to the offender; and

(3) When the sexual favor is made a condition to the giving of a passing grade, the granting of honors and scholarship or the payment of a stipend, allowance or other benefits, privileges or considerations; xxx

Resolution 956161 of the Civil Service Commission (dated October 10, 1995) enumerates in Rule V, Section 5 thereof the forms of sexual harassment:

(a) Physical.

(i.) Physical contact or malicious touching;

(ii.) Overt sexual advances;

(iii.) Unwelcome, improper or any unnecessary gesture of a sexual nature; or

(iv.) Any other suggestive expression or lewd insinuation.

(b) Verbal, such as request or demands for sexual favors or lurid remarks.

(c) Use of objects, pictures, letters or written notes with bold, persuasive sexual underpinnings and which create a hostile, offensive or intimidating work or training environment that is annoying or disgusting to the victim.

Criminal, civil and administrative sanctions are provided for under the law. These include imprisonment of one month to six months and/or a fine of P10,000 to P20,000 at the discretion of the Court. This is without prejudice to the victim’s filing of a separate and independent action for damages and other affirmative relief (RA 7877, Section 6 to 7) Administrative liabilities under Civil Service regulations include reprimand or fine or suspension, transfer or demotion in rank and salary and suspension or dismissal depending on the gravity of the offense (Rule X, Section 21-23).

It is the duty of the Employer or Head of Office in a Work-related, Education or Training Environment to create a Committee on Decorum and Investigation of cases on sexual harassment. Failure to do so would make such Employer or Head solidarily liable for damages arising from the acts of sexual harassment.

The victim and perpetrator can be any gender, and the perpetrator does not have to be of the opposite sex. However, a 2016 study conducted by the Social Weather Station found that women are most vulnerable to sexual harassment. In Quezon City, Metro Manila’s biggest city with a population of over 3 million, 3 in 5 women were sexually harassed at least once in their lifetime, according to the report. In barangays Payatas and Bagong Silangan, 88 percent of respondents ages 18 to 24 experienced street harassment at least once. Across all ages 12 to 55 and above, wolf whistling and catcalling are the most experienced cases. Quezon City is the first city in Metro Manila to impose penalties on street harassment. In the Philippines, 58 percent of incidents of sexual harassment happen on the streets, major roads and eskinitas (alleys). Physical forms of sexual harassment occur mostly in public transport. ( https://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/iq/135240-sexual-harassment-philippines )

There is some recent discussion of whether recent trends toward more revealing clothing and permissive habits have created a more sexualized general environment, in which some forms of communication are unfairly labeled harassment but are simply a reaction to a greater sexualization in everyday environments. With the advent of the Internet, social interactions, including sexual harassment, increasingly occur online, for example, in video games. I strongly support a zero-tolerance policy for sexual harassment and a zero-tolerance standard of “Must report-Must investigate-Must punish.”

Sometimes, the perpetrator may be completely unaware that his or her behavior is offensive or constitutes sexual harassment or may be completely unaware that his or her actions may be unlawful. The best defense to such offensive behavior is to put a stop to it by saying “No!” And “No” should mean “No!”

The entrants

• Joel L. Tan-Torres

A personal invitation to my first solo exhibit

• Atty. Jose Ferdinand M. Rojas II

Every Experience Counts

• Octavio Peralta
• August 9, 2024

Dongfeng’s EV for only 888k; Bloomberg on Toyota  

• Al S. Mendoza

Caloy Yulo’s balancing acts

• Tito Genova Valiente

What to eat, where to go in Tagaytay

• Ma. Stella F. Arnaldo

Editorial Cartoon August 09, 2024

• BusinessMirror Editorial

Underemployment surge: A concerning trend amid economic challenges

In praise of restlessness: Nomads

Disbanded thai party members vow to battle old guards for power.

• BusinessMirror
• August 8, 2024

China steel industry’s malaise deepens with no relief

Anti-racism protesters give uk some respite after days of riots, treasuries slide as investors shun 10-year sale at lower yields.

Editorial Cartoon August 08, 2024

Tros can be a threat to economic progress and consumer welfare, ‘alipato at muog’: the search for justice for the desaparecidos.

• Atty. Dennis Gorecho

‘Japanic Monday’

• John Mangun

A way for parents to secure financial stability for future generations

• Maye Yao Co Say

Girls of our dreams

• Tessa Jazmines
• August 7, 2024

Climate crisis hinges on green power for the poor, Rockefeller study shows

Japan morphs into the center of worry for global investors, harris vp pick tim walz’s long history with china may prove awkward, leave a reply cancel reply.

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Input your search keywords and press Enter.

• Subscribe To Our Listserv
• News and Events

Domestic and Sexual Violence in Filipino Communities, 2018

• Census data on demographics and English proficiency
• Statistics on domestic violence and other forms of abuse
• Resources such as links to translated materials and national/international service directories
• Lifetime Spiral of Gender Violence , in English and Tagalog

Related Resources

• Have You Eaten Yet? A Dialogue on the Connection Between Culture, Food, and Care in AAPI Communities

May 30, 2024, 7am HST/10am PST/12pm CST/1pm ESTIn Asian/Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) communities, food is more than just fuel. It gathers people, bridges generations, empowers community, and teaches culture. Incorporating food that is culturally...

• AANHPI Elder Safety & Wellness: Strengths, Challenges, & Opportunities

This resource aims to illuminate some of the barriers faced by AANHPI elders, as well as recommendations for intervention and prevention. These learnings and recommendations were collectively developed by a multi-disciplinary think tank on elder safety and wellness...

• API-GBV Applauds the Revisions to Collecting Federal Data on Race and Ethnicity Statistical Policy Directive No. 15: Standards for Maintaining, Collecting, and Presenting Federal Data on Race and Ethnicity

April 1, 2024 Oakland, CA-- The Asian Pacific Institute on Gender-Based Violence (API-GBV) applauds the Biden Administration's announcement of revisions to Statistical Policy Directive No. 15 (SPD 15): Standards for Maintaining, Collecting, and Presenting Federal Data...

Building AAPI Collective Power to End GBV

March 7, 8am HST/11am PST/1pm CST/2pm ESTAsians, Asian Americans, and Pacific Islanders (AAPIs) are often left out of conversations around diversity, equity, inclusion, and belonging (DEIB) in the U.S. Often lumped together as a “model minority,” certain AAPI groups...

2024 API-GBV National Summit: Growing From Our Roots

Latest Update: Early Bird Registration Open Now Through June 1!See all available API-GBV National Summit information below:This page will continue to be updated as more information is released. For any technical issues or additional questions, please contact our team...

Connected and concerned: Online sexual harassment of teenagers of Asian descent on dating platforms

February 29, 8am HST/11am PST/1pm CST/2pm ESTGenerative AI, with its ability to create morphed photos and deepfakes, is negatively impacting teenagers, especially female teenagers of Asian descent, online and influencing their identity in digital spaces. This...

Impact Report FY22: Growing Stronger Together to Build Collective Power

The Asian Pacific Institute on Gender-Based Violence (API-GBV) is a culturally specific national resource center on domestic violence, sexual violence, trafficking, and other forms of gender-based violence in Asian/Asian-American and Pacific Islander (AAPI)...

Culture, Trauma, and Healing: A Conversation with Texas Muslim Women’s Foundation

November 7, 9am HST/12pm PST/2pm CST/3pm ESTIn our work, we recognize that cultural-responsiveness and trauma-informedness are not end goals, but a continuous process of learning and adapting our advocacy to best meet the layered and changing needs of survivors. We...

Other Ethnic-Specific Factsheets

• Pacific Islander
• South Asian

Share this:

Search resource library, resource categories, resource tags, resource types, recent resources.

• API-GBV’s Statement on U.S. vs. Rahimi
• Critical Intersections of FGM/C: The Value of Intersectionality in Cross-Collaboration

• Subscribe Now

The many faces of sexual harassment in PH

Already have Rappler+? Sign in to listen to groundbreaking journalism.

This is AI generated summarization, which may have errors. For context, always refer to the full article.

MANILA, Philippines – President-elect Rodrigo Duterte is under fire after wolf whistling at a reporter in a press conference on Tuesday, May 31, and defending it days after by saying that it was “not a sexual thing.”  

A good number of netizens accept Duterte’s explanation that whistling at a woman is covered by freedom of expression. Others are certain that Duterte violated Davao City’s ordinance prohibiting catcalling women . 

What constitutes sexual harassment? Where do you draw the line?

What is sexual harassment?

In Section 3, Republic Act 7877, or the  Anti-Sexual Harassment Act  of 1995, classifies sexual harassment as:

Work-related or in employment environment

This is committed when a person demands, requests, or requires sexual favors from another person in exchange for another thing such as hiring for employment, re-employment, or continued employment, granting favorable compensation, terms of conditions, promotions, or privileges.

Refusal to accept sexual favors would mean discrimination or deprivation of employment opportunities.

It is also sexual harassment if the sexual favors would result to abuse of rights under the labor law and and an environment that is intimidating, hostile, or offensive for the victim.

This may be committed by an “employer, employee, manager, supervisor, agent of the employer, any other person who, having authority, influence or moral ascendancy over another in a work environment, demands, requests or otherwise requires any sexual favor from the other.”

In education or training environment

This is committed when a person demands, requests, or requires sexual favors from a student in exchange for “giving a passing grade, or the granting of honors and scholarships, or the payment of a stipend, allowance or other benefits, privileges and considerations.”

Just the same, if the sexual favors would result to an “intimidating, hostile or offensive environment for the student, trainee, or apprentice,” they are also considered sexual harassment.

This may be committed by a “teacher, instructor, professor, coach, trainor, or any other person who, having authority, influence, or moral ascendancy over another…demands, requests, or otherwise requires any sexual favor from the other.”

Under the Civil Service Commission Resolution Number 01-0940 , a set of administrative rules for government employees, forms of sexual harassment include:

• malicious touching
• overt sexual advances
• gestures with lewd insinuation
• requests or demands for sexual favors, and lurid remarks
• use of objects, pictures or graphics, letters or writing notes with sexual underpinnings
• other forms analogous to the ones mentioned

Meanwhile, the Women’s Development Code of Davao City, which Duterte himself signed as mayor, aims to protect the rights of women by punishing those who committ sexual harassment, among other things. 

Under Section 3 of the ordinance, “unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, or other verbal or physical behavior of a sexual nature, made directly, indirectly or impliedly” can be considered sexual harassment.

The following are considered forms of sexual harassment:

• persistent telling of offensive jokes, such as green jokes or other analogous statements to someone who finds them offensive or humiliating
• taunting a person with constant talk about sex and sexual innuendos
• displaying offensive or lewd pictures and publications in the workplace
• interrogating someone about sexual activities or private life during interviews for employment, scholarship grant, or any lawful activity applied for
• making offensive hand or body gestures at someone
• repeatedly asking for dates despite verbal rejection
• staring or leering maliciously
• touching, pinching, or brushing up against someone’s body unnecessarily or deliberately
• kissing or embracing someone against her will
• requesting sexual favors in exchange for a good grade, obtaining a good job or promotion, etc
• cursing, whistling, or calling a woman in public with words having dirty connotations or implications which tend to ridicule, humiliate or embarrass the woman such as “puta” (prostitute), “boring,” “peste” (pest), etc
• any other unnecessary acts during physical examinations
• requiring women to wear suggestive or provocative attire during interviews for job hiring, promotion, and admission

Street harassment is among the most common forms of sexual harassment. (READ: The streets that haunt Filipino women )

Sexual harassment in public spaces: “Unwanted comments, gestures, and actions forced on a stranger in a public place without their consent and is directed at them because of their actual or perceived sex, gender, gender expression, or sexual orientation.” – Stop Street Harassment Organization

Street harassment can happen in public places, such as in and around public transportation, public washrooms, church, internet shops, parks, stores and malls, school grounds, terminals, and waiting sheds.

According to the Philippine Statistics Authority , sexual harassment may happen in the following:

• premises of the workplace or office or of the school or training institution
• any place where the parties are found, as a result of work or education or training responsibilities or relations
• work- or education- or training-related social functions
• while on official business outside the office or school or training institution or during work- or school- or training-related travel
• at official conferences, fora, symposia, or training sessions
• by telephone, cellular phone, fax machine, or electronic mail

Women are most vulnerable

The Anti-Violence Against Women and Their Children Act , also known as Republic Act 9262, also considers sexual harassment as a form of violence against women.

Section 3 of the law says that sexual violence refers to “rape, sexual harassment, acts of lasciviousness, treating a woman or her child as a sex object, making demeaning and sexually suggestive remarks.”

A 2016 study conducted by the Social Weather Stations found that women are most vulnerable to sexual harassment.

In Quezon City, Metro Manila’s biggest city with a population of over 3 million, 3 in 5 women were sexually harassed at least once in their lifetime, according to the report. In barangays Payatas and Bagong Silangan, 88% of respondents ages 18 to 24 experienced street harassment at least once.

Across all ages, 12 to 55 and above, wolf whistling and catcalling are the most experienced cases. (READ: ‘Hi, sexy!’ is not a compliment )

Quezon City is the first city in Metro Manila to impose penalties on street harassment.

In the Philippines, 58% of incidents of sexual harassment happen on the streets, major roads, and eskinitas (alleys). Physical forms of sexual harassment occur mostly in public transport.

Sexual harassment can be punished under Republic Act 7877, or the Anti-Sexual Harassment Act of 1995, and the provisions of the Revised Penal Code on Acts of Lasciviousness.

RA 7877 penalizes sexual harassment with imprisonment of 1 to 6 months, a fine of P10,000 to P20,000, or both. Acts of lasciviousness, on the other hand, would mean imprisonment under the Revised Penal Code. – Rappler.com  

Add a comment

Please abide by Rappler's commenting guidelines .

There are no comments yet. Add your comment to start the conversation.

How does this make you feel?

Related Topics

Recommended stories, {{ item.sitename }}, {{ item.title }}.

Checking your Rappler+ subscription...

Upgrade to Rappler+ for exclusive content and unlimited access.

Why is it important to subscribe? Learn more

You are subscribed to Rappler+

Essay on Sexual Harassment

500 words essay on sexual harassment.

Sexual harassment refers to any form of unwelcome sexual behaviour which is offensive, humiliating and intimidating. Further, it is against the law to sexually harass anyone. Over the years, sexual harassment has taken a lot of time to be recognized as a real issue. Nonetheless, it is a start that can protect people from this harassment. The essay on sexual harassment will take you through the details.

Sexual Harassment and Its Impacts

Sexual harassment comes in many forms and not just a single one. It includes when someone tries to touch, grab or make other physical contacts with you without your consent. Further, it also includes passing comments which have a sexual meaning.

After that, it is also when someone asks you for sexual favours. Leering and staring continuously also counts as one. You are being sexually harassed when the perpetrator displays rude and offensive material so that others can see it.

Another form is making sexual gestures towards you and cracking sexual jokes or comments towards you. It is also not acceptable for someone to question you about your sexual life or insult you with sexual comments.

Further, making an obscene phone call or indecently exposing oneself also counts as sexual harassment. Sexual harassment can impact a person severely. It may stress out the victim and they may suffer from anxiety or depression.

Moreover, it can also cause them to withdraw from social situations. After that, the victim also starts to lose confidence and self-esteem. There may also be physical symptoms like headaches, sleep problems and being not able to concentrate or be productive.

What Can We Do

No one in this world deserves to go through sexual harassment, whether man or woman. We all have the right to live freely without being harassed, bullied or discriminated against. It is the reason why sexual harassment is illegal.

To begin with, the person may try talking to the offender and convey their message regarding their unwanted behaviour. Further, it is also essential to stay informed about this issue. Make sure to learn about the policies and procedures regarding sexual harassment in your workplace, school or university.

Further, try to document everything to help you remember the name of the offenders and the incidents. Similarly, make sure to save any evidence you get which will help with your complaint. For instance, keeping the text messages, emails, photos or more.

Most importantly, always try to get external information and advice from people who will help you if you decide to file a lawsuit. Likewise, never deal with it on your own and share it with someone you trust to lighten your load.

Get the huge list of more than 500 Essay Topics and Ideas

Conclusion of the Essay on Sexual Harassment

To conclude, sexual harassment is a very real issue that went unnoticed for a long period of time, but not anymore. It is essential for all of us to take measures to prevent it from happening as it damages the life of the victim severely. Thus, make sure you help out those who are suffering from sexual harassment and make the perpetrator accountable.

FAQ of Essay on Sexual Harassment

Question 1: What are the effects of sexual harassment?

Answer 1: Sexual harassment has major effects on the victim like suffering from significant psychological effects which include anxiety, depression , headaches, sleep disorders, lowered self-esteem, sexual dysfunction and more.

Question 2: How do you tell if someone is sexually harassing you?

Answer 2: It is essential to notice the signs if you feel someone is sexually harassing you. The most important sign is if you feel uncomfortable and experience any unwanted physical contact. If your ‘no’ does not have an impact and you’re being subjected to sexual jokes, you are being sexually harassed.

Customize your course in 30 seconds

Which class are you in.

• Travelling Essay
• Picnic Essay
• Our Country Essay
• My Parents Essay
• Essay on Favourite Personality
• Essay on Memorable Day of My Life
• Essay on Knowledge is Power
• Essay on Gurpurab
• Essay on My Favourite Season
• Essay on Types of Sports

Leave a Reply Cancel reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Download the App

Niño Muhlach emosyonal na ikinuwento sa Senado ang sexual harassment sa anak | ABS-CBN News

Entertainment

Niño muhlach emosyonal na ikinuwento sa senado ang sexual harassment sa anak.

• Share full article

Advertisement

Supported by

Shapiro Faces Scrutiny Over Sexual Harassment Complaint Against Aide

The case has attracted renewed criticism now that Josh Shapiro, the governor of Pennsylvania, is on the short list to be Kamala Harris’s running mate.

By Sharon LaFraniere

Gov. Josh Shapiro of Pennsylvania, who is on the short list to be Kamala Harris’s running mate, is facing renewed criticism for his handling of a sexual harassment complaint against a longtime top aide.

The state agreed to pay $295,000 last September to settle the complaint against Michael A. Vereb, then Mr. Shapiro’s head of legislative affairs and one of his closest advisers. An employee had accused Mr. Vereb of making repeated and graphic sexual overtures and then criticizing her job performance after she refused him. She resigned rather than continue to work for him, her only other option, she said in her written complaint.

Mr. Vereb, 57, kept his post for six months after his accuser first alleged misconduct. He resigned only after local reporters obtained a copy of the employee’s complaint, weeks after the settlement had been secretly reached. The governor’s office praised Mr. Vereb for his “dedicated service” when he left.

Mr. Shapiro weathered scrutiny last fall over his office’s response to the case, but it reignited in recent weeks as he became a front-runner to join Vice President Harris on the ballot. She is expected to announce her choice by Tuesday.

The National Women’s Defense League, a nonpartisan group founded in the wake of the #MeToo movement, asked the Harris campaign this past week to look into the case, saying Mr. Shapiro’s office “should have done a better job” in both preventing sexual harassment and handling the complaint. Democrats, including a candidate for Pennsylvania treasurer, have also taken aim at the governor for his office’s response to the allegations.

In a statement on Friday night, Manuel Bonder, a spokesman for Mr. Shapiro, said the governor “was not aware of the complaint or investigation until months after the complaint was filed.” Mr. Shapiro should have been notified of the allegations sooner, Mr. Bonder said, and he has now ordered that he be immediately informed of any such complaint against a senior staff or cabinet member.

We are having trouble retrieving the article content.

Please enable JavaScript in your browser settings.

Thank you for your patience while we verify access. If you are in Reader mode please exit and  log into  your Times account, or  subscribe  for all of The Times.

Thank you for your patience while we verify access.

Already a subscriber?  Log in .

Want all of The Times?  Subscribe .