university of hargeisa thesis books

Urban governance, land conflicts and segregation in Hargeisa, Somaliland: Historical perspectives and post-conflict dynamics

• Global Development Institute

Research output : Thesis › Doctoral Thesis

• Segregation
• State-building

Research Beacons, Institutes and Platforms

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Access to Document

• http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/70417

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• Urban Arts and Humanities 100%
• Dynamics Arts and Humanities 100%
• Urban Governance Social Sciences 100%
• Somali Social Sciences 80%
• Clans Social Sciences 60%
• Spatial Arts and Humanities 22%
• Urban Spaces Social Sciences 20%
• Peacebuilding Social Sciences 20%

T1 - Urban governance, land conflicts and segregation in Hargeisa, Somaliland

T2 - Historical perspectives and post-conflict dynamics

AU - Tahir, Abdifatah Ismael

N2 - This thesis offers an explanation for why urban settlement in Somaliland’s capital city of Hargeisa is segregated along clan lines. The topic of urban segregation has been neglected in both classic Somali studies, and recent studies of post-war state-building and governance in Somaliland. Such negligence of urban governance in debates over state-making stems from a predominant focus on national and regional levels, which overlooks the institutions governing cities. Yet urban governance can provide key insights into the nature and quality of interaction between people and the local state, and the processes of making and unmaking of Somali urban spaces. Given the rapid urban growth in the Somali populated territories, I propose a shift in focus to explore city spaces, as a means of deepening understanding of Somali social, political and spatial organisation. In advancing this proposed shift, the thesis scrutinises the nexus between governance and segregation in Hargeisa, drawing on urban ethnographic methods, interview and archival sources. I argue that segregation in the city can be understood as the spatial manifestation of governance practices across colonial and postcolonial periods, in intersection with bottom up processes, particularly the quest for security and peacebuilding in what is largely characterised as a hybrid order. The concept of hybrid governance – while capturing important aspects of control over city space - is often insufficiently historicised and politicised to convey the complex intersection of state institutions, clan and sub-clan allegiance and traditional authorities. My analysis thus situates recent urban governance and conflicts over land in a longer history of municipal governance, urban land administration and conflict adjudication. This historical perspective is important for the understanding of how segregation has been reproduced over time, and adds a new dimension to the understandings of the drivers and dynamics of Hargeisa’s spatial character.

AB - This thesis offers an explanation for why urban settlement in Somaliland’s capital city of Hargeisa is segregated along clan lines. The topic of urban segregation has been neglected in both classic Somali studies, and recent studies of post-war state-building and governance in Somaliland. Such negligence of urban governance in debates over state-making stems from a predominant focus on national and regional levels, which overlooks the institutions governing cities. Yet urban governance can provide key insights into the nature and quality of interaction between people and the local state, and the processes of making and unmaking of Somali urban spaces. Given the rapid urban growth in the Somali populated territories, I propose a shift in focus to explore city spaces, as a means of deepening understanding of Somali social, political and spatial organisation. In advancing this proposed shift, the thesis scrutinises the nexus between governance and segregation in Hargeisa, drawing on urban ethnographic methods, interview and archival sources. I argue that segregation in the city can be understood as the spatial manifestation of governance practices across colonial and postcolonial periods, in intersection with bottom up processes, particularly the quest for security and peacebuilding in what is largely characterised as a hybrid order. The concept of hybrid governance – while capturing important aspects of control over city space - is often insufficiently historicised and politicised to convey the complex intersection of state institutions, clan and sub-clan allegiance and traditional authorities. My analysis thus situates recent urban governance and conflicts over land in a longer history of municipal governance, urban land administration and conflict adjudication. This historical perspective is important for the understanding of how segregation has been reproduced over time, and adds a new dimension to the understandings of the drivers and dynamics of Hargeisa’s spatial character.

KW - Segregation

KW - State-building

KW - Governance

KW - Hybridity

KW - Customary

M3 - Doctoral Thesis

PB - University of Sussex

CY - Brighton

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Thesis Book.pdf

High poverty rates, unemployment, illegal immigration, etc. are the causes of low economy growth in Somaliland. Among the reasons of low economy is corruption. In the thesis, the researchers will examine the relationship between corruption and economy in order to analyze the impact of corruption on the economy and create practical solutions to solve it. The topic of the thesis will be based on “The impact of corruption on economic growth of Somaliland (with reference to Good Governance And Anti-Corruption Commission).Many young people are leaving the country due to lack of job because of low economy, there is nothing done to solve the poverty as Somaliland is dependent on foreign countries economically, these factors caused me to write about this factor in order for Somaliland to improve its economic competence.

Related Papers

Yasmeen Abdi

Africa Peace and Conflict Journal - Hamdi Abdulahi

Hamdi I. Abdulahi

Corruption tops common problems for state-building and economic development for most of the nations in the world1. The contemporary anti-corruption measures led by the World Bank Group, the International Monetary Fund, Transparency International, and many other international and regional bodies, approach corruption from an upright interpretation, address it with a legal view, highlight its deleterious effect on state-building, and judge its negative consequences on development2. This article focuses on the government expenditure side of annual budgets, but it does not cover corruption related to any particular problems arising from budget planning, projection and auditing. Using both primary and secondary data, the article ropes the Pritchett et al.3 led argument on the institution focused anti-corruption fights led by the international development interventions which remain under-valued and under-researched, and proposes a repositioning of the current approach to the local context. This argument establishes two views, the strategic actions and the tools we need for local fit anti-corruption reform, and dwindling the knowledge gaps among public on corruption effects.

Selçuk Akçay

Social, political and institutional factors play a major role in the retarding of development and economic growth in many developing and developed countries. Corruption, which is a symptom of deep institutional weaknesses, is blamed for reducing investments and expenditures (for education and health), inereasing income inequality, reducing foreign direct investments, distorting markets, and allocation of resources. Some writers argue that corruption is also responsible for a low economic growth rate. The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of corruption on economic growth across 54 developing and developed countries for the period of 1960-1995. Based on the theoretical framework of Barro (1991) and Mauro (1995, 1997), the ernpirical evidence presented suggests that there is a statistic aııy significant negative relationship between corruption and economic growth. The relationship is directly related to inclusion of other determinants of economic growth. 2 • Ankara Ünivers...

Academia.edu

Melese Zeleke

This study was conducted with the objective of assessing the impacts of corruption on socio-economic development in Shambu town, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia. To this end, Cross sectional descriptive survey research design, and mixed approach were used. And, questionnaire was distributed among 142 respondents, and an interview was conducted with 18 key informants to collect data. Besides, secondary data were used. The data collected through questionnaire were analyzed using SPSS software (Statistical Package for Social Science) version 20 while the data collected through interview were analyzed qualitatively. The study reveals that corruption is highly affecting the socio-economic development of the study area. In this respect, some of its specific impacts are include negatively affect the social relation of the society, lack of provision for infrastructure among society, affecting equality rights of using resources, making the gap between the rich and the poor wider, affects standard of living, unnecessary conflicts among the society, decreasing the town investment, highly reducing taxes and revenues, negatively affecting the total economic growth of the municipality and etc. are some of the problems of corruption and its impacts. Thus, corruption is highly prevailing in Shambu town that affects socio economic development in the study area. It also a serious problem that Shambu Town are suffering from and a setback to the development efforts of a town. Thus, the study recommends that commitment is needed from the concerned bodies like the government, the anti-corruption commission, the woreda court and the civic association to provide strong policy of controlling mechanism especially on the office holders, to set systems and structures that can reduce corruption and ensure efficient delivery of services to the community, to impose strong responsibility on the town administration offices and should be to make a Learnable punishments and establish good governance and democratic leaders in the town and strongly work to minimize the corruption on socio-economic development. Keywords: Corruption, Social Development, Economic Development, Shambu Town.

International Journal of Engineering Applied Sciences and Technology

Abdirahman Ahmed

Author Mohameddeq Ali Abdi

The issue of corruption in Somalia has been front and center for nearly two decades. It is frequently identified as a key function in the weaknesses of the state. A review of the literature suggests that there is no dearth of objective analyses of the problems and the many manifestations of corruption in Somalia. According to these analyses, there is corruption throughout most of the governmental and administrative instruments of state. Whether they be the judiciary, military, civil service, police or municipalities, corruption is seen as a key issue and the primary explanation for their institutional weaknesses. The consequences of corruption are the above conduct that is barely compatible with modern concepts of citizen relations. The specific problem addressed in this article stems from the question: Why has it been impossible to eliminate corrupt behavior in the suspected state machinery and institutions over all these years?

Irene Segati

Abdul Azim Islahi

basiru abdulahi

From OHCHR's experience, corruption negatively impact the enjoyment of all human rights –civil, political, economic, social and cultural, as well as the right to development, which underscores the indivisible and interdependent nature of human rights. The impact on the realization of human rights depends on the level of pervasiveness, the different forms and levels of corruption. Corruption can affect human rights as an obstacle to their realization in general and as a violation of human rights in specific cases. Corruption in the public and private spheres and its proceeds are not confined within national borders, nor is its impact on human rights. It typically diverts funds from state budgets that should be dedicated to the advancement of human rights. It therefore undermines a State's human rights obligation to maximize available resources for the progressive realization of rights recognized in article 2 of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. Corruption undermines the fairness of institutions and processes and distorts policies and priorities. As a result, corruption damages the legitimacy of regimes leading to a loss of public support and trust for state and government institutions. Corruption impact on the ability of the State to protect and fulfills its human rights obligations, and to deliver relevant services, including a functioning judiciary, law enforcement, health, education, and social services. In countries where corruption pervades governments and legal systems, law enforcement legal reform and the fair administration of justice are impeded by corrupt politicians, judges, lawyers, prosecutors, police officers, investigators and auditors. Corruption in the rule of law system weakens the very accountability structures which are responsible for protecting human rights and contributes to a culture of impunity. Since illegal

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